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Optimization and Prediction of Stability of Emulsified Liquid Membrane (ELM): Artificial Neural Network. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11020364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the emulsified liquid membrane (ELM) extraction process was studied as a technique for separating different pollutants from an aqueous solution. The emulsified liquid membrane used consisted of Sorbitan mono-oleate (Span 80) as a surfactant with n-hexane (C6H14) as a diluent; the internal phase used was nitric acid (HNO3). The major constraint in the implementation of the extraction process by an emulsified liquid membrane (ELM) is the stability of the emulsion. However, this study focused first on controlling the stability of the emulsion by optimizing many operational factors, which have a direct impact on the stability of the membrane. Among the important parameters that cause membrane breakage, the surfactant concentration, the emulsification time, and the stirring speed were demonstrated. The optimization results obtained showed that the rupture rate (Tr) decreased until reaching a minimum value of 0.07% at 2% of weight/weight of Span 80 concentration with an emulsification time of 3 min and a stirring speed of 250 rpm. On the other hand, the volume of the inner phase leaking into the outer phase was predicted using an artificial neural network (ANN). The evaluation criteria of the ANN model in terms of statistical coefficient and RMSE error revealed very interesting results and the performance of the model since the statistical coefficients were very high and close to 1 in the four phases (R_training = 0.99724; R_validation = 0.99802; R_test = 0.99852; R_all data = 0.99772), and also, statistical errors of RMSE were minimal (RMSE_training= 0.0378; RMSE_validation = 0.0420; RMSE_test = 0.0509; RMSE_all data = 0.0406).
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Kostanyan AE, Belova VV, Voshkin AA. Three- and Multi-Phase Extraction as a Tool for the Implementation of Liquid Membrane Separation Methods in Practice. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12100926. [PMID: 36295685 PMCID: PMC9608080 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To promote the implementation of liquid membrane separations in industry, we have previously proposed extraction methods called three- and multi-phase extraction. The three-phase multi-stage extraction is carried out in a cascade of bulk liquid membrane separation stages, each comprising two interconnected (extraction and stripping) chambers. The organic liquid membrane phase recycles between the chambers within the same stage. In multi-phase extraction, each separation stage includes a scrubbing chamber, located between the extraction and stripping chambers. The three- and multi-phase multi-stage extraction technique can be realized either in a series of mixer-settler extractors or in special two- or multi-chamber extraction apparatuses, in which the convective circulation of continuous membrane phase between the chambers takes place due to the difference in emulsion density in the chambers. The results of an experimental study of the extraction of phenol from sulfuric acid solutions in the three-phase extractors with convective circulation of continuous membrane phase are presented. Butyl acetate was used as an extractant. The stripping of phenol from the organic phase was carried out with 5-12% NaOH aqueous solutions. The prospects of using three-phase extractors for wastewater treatment from phenol are shown. An increase in the efficiency of three-phase extraction can be achieved by carrying out the process in a cascade of three-phase apparatuses.
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Qi Y, Zhang S. Efficient recovery of phenol from phenolic wastewater by emulsion liquid membrane. CAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Sijing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi P. R. China
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Zaulkiflee ND, Ahmad AL, Che Lah NF, Shah Buddin MMH. Removal of emerging contaminants by emulsion liquid membrane: perspective and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:12997-13023. [PMID: 35048340 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Emerging contaminants (ECs) originated from different agricultural, biological, chemical, and pharmaceutical sectors have been detected in our water sources for many years. Several technologies are employed to minimise EC content in the aqueous phase, including solvent extraction processes, but there is not a solution commonly accepted yet. One of the studied alternatives is based on separation processes of emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) that benefit low solvent inventory and energy needs. However, a better understanding of the process and factors influencing the operating conditions and the emulsion stability of the extraction/stripping process is crucial to enhancing ELM's performance. This article aims to describe the applications of this technique for the EC removal and to comprehensively review the ELM properties and characteristics, phase compositions, and process parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Dina Zaulkiflee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Abdul Latif Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia.
| | - Nuur Fahanis Che Lah
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - Meor Muhammad Hafiz Shah Buddin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Removal of Ibuprofen at Low Concentration Using a Newly Formulated Emulsion Liquid Membrane. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11100740. [PMID: 34677506 PMCID: PMC8538757 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11100740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBP) is a pharmaceutical product that is widely prescribed as an over-the-counter painkiller. It has been classified as a contaminant of emerging concern (CEC) that has received global attention in the search for a better wastewater separation technology. The emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) is one of the potential solutions for IBP removal from wastewater owing to its advantages, such as the ability to remove a highly soluble solute, energy efficient and tuneable formulation. To develop this ELM, a series of parameters such as stirring speed, emulsification time, organic to internal phase volume ratio (O/I), internal phase concentration, carrier concentration and surfactant concentration were studied. The extraction was carried out for 15 min stirring time and the concentration of IBP in the feed phase was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The optimum formulation for the ELM was found at 300 rpm stirring speed, 20 min emulsification time, 3:1 of O/I, 0.1 M ammonia, NH3 (stripping agent), 6 wt% trioctylamine, TOA (carrier) and 2 wt% sorbitan monooleate, Span 80 (non-ionic surfactant). IBP removal of 89% was achieved at the optimum parameters of ELM. The current research demonstrated that a newly formulated ELM has great potential in removing a low concentration IBP from wastewater.
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Yan B, Huang X, Chen K, Liu H, Wei S, Wu Y, Wang L. A study of synergetic carrier emulsion liquid membrane for the extraction of amoxicillin from aqueous phase using response surface methodology. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Beni AA. Design of a solar reactor for the removal of uranium from simulated nuclear wastewater with oil-apatite ELM system. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.102959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Razo-Lazcano TA, González-Muñoz P, Stambouli M, Pareau D, Reyes-Aguilera JA, Avila-Rodriguez M. Distribution modeling of diazepam and chlorpheniramine between aqueous and non-polar phases in the presence of soy lecithin. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mohammed AA, Atiya MA, Hussein MA. Studies on membrane stability and extraction of ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution using pickering emulsion liquid membrane stabilized by magnetic nano-Fe2O3. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sulaiman RNR, Othman N, Harith NH, Rahman HA, Jusoh N, Noah NFM, Rosly MB. Phenol recovery using continuous emulsion liquid membrane (CELM) process. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2019.1668785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raja Norimie Raja Sulaiman
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- Centre of Lipids Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research (Ibnu Sina ISIR), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Norasikin Othman
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- Centre of Lipids Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research (Ibnu Sina ISIR), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Hartika Harith
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Hilmi Abdul Rahman
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Norela Jusoh
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Norul Fatiha Mohamed Noah
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Bukhari Rosly
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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