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Lavanya M, Machado AA. Surfactants as biodegradable sustainable inhibitors for corrosion control in diverse media and conditions: A comprehensive review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168407. [PMID: 37939963 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corrosion is a challenging and potentially harmful process that involves the continuing, impulsive deterioration of metallic structures via reactions involving environmental components and electro- or chemical processes. To inhibit corrosion, various additives are added. Traditional additives, on the other hand, contain environmentally hazardous substances. Surfactants are less expensive, easier to manufacture, and have high inhibitory efficacy and low toxicity compared to standard corrosion inhibitors. They are often employed as corrosion inhibitors to protect metallic materials against corrosion. METHODS Surfactant molecules' amphiphilic nature promotes adsorption at surfaces such as the metal/metal oxide-water interface. Surfactant adsorption on metals and metal oxides forms a barrier that can prevent corrosion. SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS This review of surfactants as corrosion inhibitors aims to offer a systemic evaluation of various surfactant physical and chemical properties, surfactant influence in corrosion inhibition, and surfactant used in corrosion inhibition that can be used to enhance the efficacy of surfactant use as corrosion inhibitors in a variety of environments. The effect of several parameters on the potential to suppress corrosion of surfactant molecule series is also discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lavanya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Avryl Anna Machado
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Elsharif AM. Synthesis and evaluation of newly E-octadec-9-enoic acid derivatives as sustainable corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1.0 M HCl. ARAB JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/25765299.2022.2164649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Asma M. Elsharif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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3
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El-Maksoud SAA, El-Dossoki FI, Abd-Elhamed M, Farag AA. Some New Synthesized Gemini Cationic Surfactants as Corrosion Inhibitors for Carbon Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution. JOURNAL OF BIO- AND TRIBO-CORROSION 2023; 9:71. [DOI: 10.1007/s40735-023-00787-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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4
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Ganjoo R, Sharma S, Sharma PK, Dagdag O, Berisha A, Ebenso EE, Kumar A, Verma C. Coco Monoethanolamide Surfactant as a Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel: Theoretical and Experimental Investigations. Molecules 2023; 28:1581. [PMID: 36838570 PMCID: PMC9965140 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that surfactants are a relatively new and effective class of corrosion inhibitors that almost entirely meet the criteria for a chemical to be used as an aqueous phase corrosion inhibitor. They possess the ideal hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity ratio, which is crucial for effective interfacial interactions. In this study, a coconut-based non-ionic surfactant, namely, coco monoethanolamide (CMEA), was investigated for corrosion inhibition behaviour against mild steel (MS) in 1 M HCl employing the experimental and computational techniques. The surface morphology was studied employing the scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and contact measurements. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) was evaluated to be 0.556 mM and the surface tension corresponding to the CMC was 65.28 mN/m. CMEA manifests the best inhibition efficiency (η%) of 99.01% at 0.6163 mM (at 60 °C). CMEA performs as a mixed-type inhibitor and its adsorption at the MS/1 M HCl interface followed the Langmuir isotherm. The theoretical findings from density functional theory (DFT), Monte Carlo (MC), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations accorded with the experimental findings. The MC simulation's assessment of CMEA's high adsorption energy (-185 Kcal/mol) proved that the CMEA efficiently and spontaneously adsorbs at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richika Ganjoo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144402, India
| | - Shveta Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144402, India
| | - Praveen K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144402, India
| | - O. Dagdag
- Centre for Materials Science, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa
| | - Avni Berisha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Mathematics Science, University of Prishtina, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Eno E. Ebenso
- Centre for Materials Science, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa
| | - Ashish Kumar
- NCE, Department of Science and Technology, Government of Bihar, Patna 803108, India
| | - Chandrabhan Verma
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Gyani Devi Y, Koya Pulikkal A, Gurung J. Research Progress on the Synthesis of Different Types of Gemini Surfactants with a Functionalized Hydrophobic Moiety and Spacer. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumnam Gyani Devi
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Mizoram, Chaltlang Aizawl 796012 India
| | - Ajmal Koya Pulikkal
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Mizoram, Chaltlang Aizawl 796012 India
| | - Jackson Gurung
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Mizoram, Chaltlang Aizawl 796012 India
- Department of Chemistry North Bengal St. Xavier's College, Rajganj 735134 West-Bengal India
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Numin MS, Hassan A, Jumbri K, Eng KK, Borhan N, Nik M. Daud NMR, M Nor A A, Suhor F, Abdul Wahab R. A recent review on theoretical studies of Gemini surfactant corrosion inhibitors. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Zeng J, Tan B, Zhang S, Li W. The behavior of two indazole derivatives on the copper/sulfuric acid interface in terms of adsorption and corrosion inhibition. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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8
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Ontiveros-Rosales M, Espinoza-Vázquez A, Rodríguez Gómez F, Valdez-Rodríguez S, Miralrio A, Acosta-Garcia B, Castro M. Imidazolate of 1-butyl-3-ethyl imidazole as corrosion inhibitor on API 5L X52 steel in NaCl saturated with CO2. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Eftaiha AF, Qaroush AK, Abo-Shunnar AS, Hammad SB, Assaf KI, Al-Qaisi FM, Paige MF. Interfacial Behavior of Modified Nicotinic Acid as Conventional/Gemini Surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:8524-8533. [PMID: 35775397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and monolayer properties of conventional and gemini surfactants composed of nicotinic acid-based head groups with an emphasis on assessing how chemical structures affect the behavior of monolayers. A combination of Brewster angle microscopy and atomic force microscopy showed that pure hexadecyl nicotinate formed rippled strands in monolayers, and the gemini correspondents with either flexible or rigid organic linkers resulted in lobed-compact domains, which provides a simple method for patterning air-water and solid-air interfaces. The structural differences between conventional and gemini nicotinic acid-based surfactants could be explained by the interplay between line tension (that favors the formation of circular domains), balanced by dipole-dipole repulsion interaction between headgroups, which promotes extended domains. Miscibility and morphology studies of the modified nicotinic acid surfactants with palmitic acid demonstrated that the properties of mixed films can be controlled by the structure of the former. Excess Gibbs free energies of mixing indicated that the mixed films were less stable than the pure monolayers, and the positive deviations from ideality were the largest in the case of gemini surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala'a F Eftaiha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Abdussalam K Qaroush
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ahmad S Abo-Shunnar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Suhad B Hammad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Khaleel I Assaf
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Feda'a M Al-Qaisi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Matthew F Paige
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
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Koundal M, Singh A, Sharma C. Study on the effect of imidazolium ionic liquid as a modulator of corrosion inhibition of anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on mild steel in sodium chloride solution. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic and Mutagenic Activity of Gemini QAS Derivatives of 1,4:3,6-Dianhydro-l-iditol. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030757. [PMID: 35164023 PMCID: PMC8838521 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of quaternary diammonium salts derivatives of 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-l-iditol were synthesized, using isommanide (1,4:3,6-dianhydro-d-mannitol) as a starting material. Both aromatic (pyridine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP), (3-carboxamide)pyridine; N-methylimidazole) and aliphatic (trimethylamine, N,N-dimethylhexylamine, N,N-dimethyloctylamine, N,N-dimethyldecylamine) amines were used, giving eight gemini quaternary ammonium salts (QAS). All salts were tested for their antimicrobial activity against yeasts, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, as well as bacterial Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli reference strains. Moreover, antibacterial activity against 20 isolates of S. aureus collected from patients with skin and soft tissue infections (n = 8) and strains derived from subclinical bovine mastitis milk samples (n = 12) were evaluated. Two QAS with octyl and decyl residues exhibited antimicrobial activity, whereas those with two decyl residues proved to be the most active against the tested pathogens, with MIC of 16-32, 32, and 8 µg/mL for yeast, E. coli, and S. aureus reference and clinical strains, respectively. Only QAS with decyl residues proved to be cytotoxic in MTT assay against human keratinocytes (HaCaT), IC50 12.8 ± 1.2 μg/mL. Ames test was used to assess the mutagenic potential of QAS, and none of them showed mutagenic activity in the concentration range 4-2000 µg/plate.
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12
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Cationic gemini surfactant properties, its potential as a promising bioapplication candidate, and strategies for improving its biocompatibility: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 299:102581. [PMID: 34891074 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gemini surfactants consist of two cationic monomers of a surfactant linked together with a spacer. The specific structure of a cationic gemini surfactant is the reason for both its high surface activity and its ability to decrease the surface tension of water. The high surface activity and unique structure of gemini surfactants result in outstanding properties, including antibacterial and antifungal activity, anticorrosion properties, unique aggregation behaviour, the ability to form various structures reversibly in response to environmental conditions, and interactions with biomacromolecules such as DNA and proteins. These properties can be tailored by selecting the optimal structure of a gemini surfactant in terms of the nature and length of its alkyl substituents, spacer, and head group. Additionally, regarding their properties, comparison with their monomeric counterparts demonstrates that gemini surfactants have higher performance efficacy at lower concentrations. Hence, less material is needed, and the toxicity is lower. However, there are some limitations regarding their biocompatibility that have led researchers to develop amino acid-based and sugar-based gemini surfactants. Owing to their remarkable properties, cationic gemini surfactants are promising candidates for bioapplications such as drug delivery systems, gene carriers, and biomaterial surface modification.
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14
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Brycki BE, Szulc A, Kowalczyk I, Koziróg A, Sobolewska E. Antimicrobial Activity of Gemini Surfactants with Ether Group in the Spacer Part. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195759. [PMID: 34641303 PMCID: PMC8510121 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their large possibility of the structure modification, alkylammonium gemini surfactants are a rapidly growing class of compounds. They exhibit significant surface, aggregation and antimicrobial properties. Due to the fact that, in order to achieve the desired utility effect, the minimal concentration of compounds are used, they are in line with the principle of greenolution (green evolution) in chemistry. In this study, we present innovative synthesis of the homologous series of gemini surfactants modified at the spacer by the ether group, i.e., 3-oxa-1,5-pentane-bis(N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonium bromides). The critical micelle concentrations were determined. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the synthesized compounds were determined against bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538; yeast Candida albicans ATCC 10231; and molds Aspergillus niger ATCC 16401 and Penicillium chrysogenum ATCC 60739. We also investigated the relationship between antimicrobial activity and alkyl chain length or the nature of the spacer. The obtained results indicate that the synthesized compounds are effective microbicides with a broad spectrum of biocidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogumil Eugene Brycki
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.S.); (I.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-829-1694
| | - Adrianna Szulc
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Iwona Kowalczyk
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Anna Koziróg
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Sobolewska
- Interdisciplinary Doctoral School of the Lodz University of Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
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15
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Novel Schiff base-based cationic Gemini surfactants as corrosion inhibitors for Q235 carbon steel and printed circuit boards. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Kamel M, Hegazy M, Rashwan S, El Kotb M. Innovative surfactant of Gemini-type for dissolution mitigation of steel in pickling HCl medium. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Ardakani EK, Kowsari E, Ehsani A, Ramakrishna S. Performance of all ionic liquids as the eco-friendly and sustainable compounds in inhibiting corrosion in various media: A comprehensive review. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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18
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A gossypol derivative as an efficient corrosion inhibitor for St2 steel in 1 M HCl + 1 M KCl: An experimental and theoretical investigation. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhu H, Li X, Lu X, Wang J, Hu Z, Ma X. Efficiency of Gemini surfactant containing semi-rigid spacer as microbial corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in simulated seawater. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 140:107809. [PMID: 33862547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SRB is one of the main bacteria causing marine microbial corrosion. In order to reduce the loss of microbial corrosion, a Gemini surfactant (12-B-12) containing semi-rigid spacer was used to investigate the anti-bacterial and anti-corrosion performances of carbon steel in simulated seawater by weight-loss test, electrochemical method and surface morphology analysis. The results showed that the inhibition efficiency of 0.01 mM 12-B-12 was as high as 98.3% after 30 days of incubation in simulated seawater with SRB, and the planktonic and sessile SRB on the carbon steel surface can be reduced to undetectable level. Quantum chemical calculation and molecular dynamics simulation were used to study the structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
| | - Xiaofen Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Xiaomeng Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Junxia Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Xuemei Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
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Wang D, Xu J, Wang J, Hu W. Preparation and corrosion resistance of polyaspartic acid-zinc self-assembled film on carbon steel surface. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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21
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El-Etre MA, Abdelhamed S, Allah MD. Synthesis of Novel Gemini Surfactants Based on Succinic Acid and Their Application as Inhibitors for Carbon Steel Corrosion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40735-020-00425-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Liu X, Wang J, Hu W. Preparation and controlled inhibition behavior of Fe3O4/CS/inhibitors nanocomposite for carbon steel in 3.5% NaCl solution. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Pisárčik M, Pupák M, Lukáč M, Devínsky F, Hubčík L, Bukovský M, Horváth B. The Synthesis, Self-Assembled Structures, and Microbicidal Activity of Cationic Gemini Surfactants with Branched Tridecyl Chains. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234380. [PMID: 31801214 PMCID: PMC6930597 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cationic gemini surfactants with polymethylene spacer and linear alkyl chains containing an even number of carbon atoms have been extensively studied in the recent past, with the emphasis put on the determination of their aggregation behaviour in aqueous solution and their biological properties. However, the information on the aggregation of branched gemini surfactants with an odd number of carbon atoms in their alkyl chains is only sparsely reported in the literature. To help cover this gap in the research of cationic gemini surfactants, a series of branched bisammonium cationic gemini surfactants with an odd number of carbon atoms in alkyl chains (tridecane-2-yl chains) and a polymethylene spacer with a variable length ranging from 3 to 12 carbon atoms have been synthesized and investigated. Critical micelle concentration, which was determined by three methods, was found to be in the order 10-4 mol/L. A comparison of the obtained data of the novel series of tridecyl chain geminis with those of gemini surfactants with dodecyl chains and an identical spacer structure revealed that structural differences between both series of gemini surfactants result in different aggregation and surface properties for surfactants with 6 and 8 methylene groups in the spacer (N,N'-bis(tridecane-2-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diaminium dibromide and N,N'-bis(tridecane-2-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyloctane-1,8-diaminium dibromide) with the cmc values 8.2 × 10-4 mol/L and 6.5 × 10-4 mol/L, respectively, as determined by surface tension measurements. Particle size analysis showed the formation of small stable spherical micelles in the interval between 2.8 and 5 nm and with zeta potential around +50 mV, which are independent of surfactant concentration and increase with the increasing spacer length. Microbicidal activity of 13-s-13 gemini surfactants was found to be efficient against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pisárčik
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Matúš Pupák
- State Institute for Drug Control, SK-82508 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Miloš Lukáč
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | | | - Lukáš Hubčík
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Marián Bukovský
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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