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Abalymov AA, Asadi Heris N, Skirtach AG, Parakhonskiy BV. Macro-Calcium Carbonate-Hydrogel Hybrid Spheroids: Design and Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:5201-5210. [PMID: 39077865 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
In advancing tissue engineering, we introduce a particle system combining the strength of calcium carbonate with the flexibility of hydrogels enhanced with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for improved bone regeneration. Our innovation lies in creating large hybrid macrospheroids by bonding mineral nanostructured microparticles loaded with ALP through hydrogel polymerization. These composite macrospheroids address critical challenges in cell seeding, growth, and handling within three-dimensional (3D) environments. We conducted extensive characterization of these particles using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical property assessment, and fluorescence microscopy. The results demonstrate that the hybrid macrospheroids significantly enhance cell manipulation and growth in three-dimensional structures. Specifically, ALP-loaded macrospheroids showed a marked improvement in osteogenic activity, promoting effective bone tissue regeneration. This study not only showcases a unique approach to overcoming the limitations of traditional hydrogels in tissue engineering but also opens pathways for bone tissue regeneration. Our findings offer a promising tool for cell seeding and growth in 3D structures, potentially revolutionizing practices in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatolii A Abalymov
- Biotechnology Department, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nooshin Asadi Heris
- Biotechnology Department, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Biotechnology Department, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86, Ghent 9000, Belgium
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Wu J, Xue W, Yun Z, Liu Q, Sun X. Biomedical applications of stimuli-responsive "smart" interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100998. [PMID: 38390342 PMCID: PMC10882133 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, owing to the ongoing advancements in polymer materials, hydrogels have found increasing applications in the biomedical domain, notably in the realm of stimuli-responsive "smart" hydrogels. Nonetheless, conventional single-network stimuli-responsive "smart" hydrogels frequently exhibit deficiencies, including low mechanical strength, limited biocompatibility, and extended response times. In response, researchers have addressed these challenges by introducing a second network to create stimuli-responsive "smart" Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) hydrogels. The mechanical strength of the material can be significantly improved due to the topological entanglement and physical interactions within the interpenetrating structure. Simultaneously, combining different network structures enhances the biocompatibility and stimulus responsiveness of the gel, endowing it with unique properties such as cell adhesion, conductivity, hemostasis/antioxidation, and color-changing capabilities. This article primarily aims to elucidate the stimulus-inducing factors in stimuli-responsive "smart" IPN hydrogels, the impact of the gels on cell behaviors and their biomedical application range. Additionally, we also offer an in-depth exposition of their categorization, mechanisms, performance characteristics, and related aspects. This review furnishes a comprehensive assessment and outlook for the advancement of stimuli-responsive "smart" IPN hydrogels within the biomedical arena. We believe that, as the biomedical field increasingly demands novel materials featuring improved mechanical properties, robust biocompatibility, and heightened stimulus responsiveness, stimuli-responsive "smart" IPN hydrogels will hold substantial promise for wide-ranging applications in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuping Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wu Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Zhihe Yun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Qinyi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Xinzhi Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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Cao L, Verduijn J, Van der Meeren L, Huang Y, Vallejos LC, Skirtach AG, Parakhonskiy BV. Alginate-CaCO 3 hybrid colloidal hydrogel with tunable physicochemical properties for cell growth. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129069. [PMID: 38161005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials composed of food polysaccharides are of great interest for future biomedical applications due to their great biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties, and complex architectural designs that play a crucial role in the modulation of cell adhesion and proliferation. In this work, a facile approach was designed to obtain novel 3D alginate-CaCO3 hybrid hydrogel particles in situ. Controlling the gel concentration from 3 to 20 mg·mL-1 allows us to control the alginate-CaCO3 hydrogel particles' size and density (size variation from 1.86 to 2.34 mm and density from 1.22 to 1.29 mg/mm3). This variable also has a considerable influence on the mineralization process resulting in CaCO3 particles with varied sizes and amounts within the hydrogel beads. The measurements of Young's modulus showed that the inclusion of CaCO3 particles into the alginate hydrogel improved its mechanical properties, and Young's modulus of these hybrid hydrogel particles had a linear relationship with alginate content and hydrogel particle size. Cell experiments indicated that alginate-CaCO3 hybrid hydrogel particles can support osteoblastic cell proliferation and growth. In particular, the amount of hydroxyapatite deposition on the cell membrane significantly increased after the treatment of cells with hybrid hydrogel particles, up to 20-fold. This work offers a strategy for constructing inorganic particle-doped polysaccharide hybrid hydrogel scaffolds that provide the potential to support cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cao
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Joost Verduijn
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Louis Van der Meeren
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yanqi Huang
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laura Currás Vallejos
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Abalymov A, Pinchasik BE, Akasov RA, Lomova M, Parakhonskiy BV. Strategies for Anisotropic Fibrillar Hydrogels: Design, Cell Alignment, and Applications in Tissue Engineering. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:4532-4552. [PMID: 37812143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Efficient cellular alignment in biomaterials presents a considerable challenge, demanding the refinement of appropriate material morphologies, while ensuring effective cell-surface interactions. To address this, biomaterials are continuously researched with diverse coatings, hydrogels, and polymeric surfaces. In this context, we investigate the influence of physicochemical parameters on the architecture of fibrillar hydrogels that significantly orient the topography of flexible hydrogel substrates, thereby fostering cellular adhesion and spatial organization. Our Review comprehensively assesses various techniques for aligning polymer fibrils within hydrogels, specifically interventions applied during and after the cross-linking process. These methodologies include mechanical strains, precise temperature modulation, controlled fluidic dynamics, and chemical modulators, as well as the use of magnetic and electric fields. We highlight the intrinsic appeal of these methodologies in fabricating cell-aligning interfaces and discuss their potential implications within the fields of biomaterials and tissue engineering, particularly concerning the pursuit of optimal cellular alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatolii Abalymov
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Bat-El Pinchasik
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Roman A Akasov
- Sechenov University and Federal Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics" of Russian Academy of Sciences, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Lomova
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Aparicio-Collado JL, García-San-Martín N, Molina-Mateo J, Torregrosa Cabanilles C, Donderis Quiles V, Serrano-Aroca A, Sabater I Serra R. Electroactive calcium-alginate/polycaprolactone/reduced graphene oxide nanohybrid hydrogels for skeletal muscle tissue engineering. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 214:112455. [PMID: 35305322 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Graphene derivatives such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are used as components of novel biomaterials for their unique electrical properties. Electrical conductivity is a crucial factor for muscle cells, which are electrically active. This study reports the development of a new type of semi-interpenetrated polymer network based on two biodegradable FDA-approved biomaterials, sodium alginate (SA) and polycaprolactone (PCL), with Ca2+ ions as SA crosslinker. Several drawbacks such as the low cell adhesion of SA and weak structural stability can be improved with the incorporation of PCL. Furthermore, this study demonstrates how this semi-IPN can be engineered with rGO nanosheets (0.5% and 2% wt/wt rGO nanosheets) to produce electroactive nanohybrid composite biomaterials. The study focuses on the microstructure and the enhancement of physical and biological properties of these advanced materials, including water sorption, surface wettability, thermal behavior and thermal degradation, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, cell adhesion and myogenic differentiation. The results suggest the formation of a complex nano-network with different interactions between the components: bonds between SA chains induced by Ca2+ ions (egg-box model), links between rGO nanosheets and SA chains as well as between rGO nanosheets themselves through Ca2+ ions, and strong hydrogen bonding between rGO nanosheets and SA chains. The incorporation of rGO significantly increases the electrical conductivity of the nanohybrid hydrogels, with values in the range of muscle tissue. In vitro cultures with C2C12 murine myoblasts revealed that the conductive nanohybrid hydrogels are not cytotoxic and can greatly enhance myoblast adhesion and myogenic differentiation. These results indicate that these novel electroactive nanohybrid hydrogels have great potential for biomedical applications related to the regeneration of electroactive tissues, particularly in skeletal muscle tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Aparicio-Collado
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - N García-San-Martín
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - J Molina-Mateo
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | | | - V Donderis Quiles
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - A Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain.
| | - R Sabater I Serra
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain; Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioingenieering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
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Voronin DV, Abalymov AA, Svenskaya YI, Lomova MV. Key Points in Remote-Controlled Drug Delivery: From the Carrier Design to Clinical Trials. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9149. [PMID: 34502059 PMCID: PMC8430748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased research activity aiming at improved delivery of pharmaceutical molecules indicates the expansion of the field. An efficient therapeutic delivery approach is based on the optimal choice of drug-carrying vehicle, successful targeting, and payload release enabling the site-specific accumulation of the therapeutic molecules. However, designing the formulation endowed with the targeting properties in vitro does not guarantee its selective delivery in vivo. The various biological barriers that the carrier encounters upon intravascular administration should be adequately addressed in its overall design to reduce the off-target effects and unwanted toxicity in vivo and thereby enhance the therapeutic efficacy of the payload. Here, we discuss the main parameters of remote-controlled drug delivery systems: (i) key principles of the carrier selection; (ii) the most significant physiological barriers and limitations associated with the drug delivery; (iii) major concepts for its targeting and cargo release stimulation by external stimuli in vivo. The clinical translation for drug delivery systems is also described along with the main challenges, key parameters, and examples of successfully translated drug delivery platforms. The essential steps on the way from drug delivery system design to clinical trials are summarized, arranged, and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis V. Voronin
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya St. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (A.A.A.); (Y.I.S.); (M.V.L.)
- Department of Physical and Colloid Chemistry, National University of Oil and Gas “Gubkin University”, Leninsky Prospekt 65, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatolii A. Abalymov
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya St. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (A.A.A.); (Y.I.S.); (M.V.L.)
| | - Yulia I. Svenskaya
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya St. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (A.A.A.); (Y.I.S.); (M.V.L.)
| | - Maria V. Lomova
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya St. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (A.A.A.); (Y.I.S.); (M.V.L.)
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Lishchynskyi O, Stetsyshyn Y, Raczkowska J, Awsiuk K, Orzechowska B, Abalymov A, Skirtach AG, Bernasik A, Nastyshyn S, Budkowski A. Fabrication and Impact of Fouling-Reducing Temperature-Responsive POEGMA Coatings with Embedded CaCO 3 Nanoparticles on Different Cell Lines. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1417. [PMID: 33804043 PMCID: PMC8001162 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we have successfully prepared and characterized novel nanocomposite material exhibiting temperature-dependent surface wettability changes, based on grafted brush coatings of non-fouling poly(di(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) with the embedded CaCO3 nanoparticles. Grafted polymer brushes attached to the glass surface were prepared in a three-step process using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Subsequently, uniform CaCO3 nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in POEGMA-grafted brush coatings were synthesized using biomineralized precipitation from solutions of CaCl2 and Na2CO3. An impact of the low concentration of the embedded CaCO3 NPs on cell adhesion and growth depends strongly on the type of studied cell line: keratinocytes (HaCaT), melanoma (WM35) and osteoblastic (MC3T3-e1). Based on the temperature-responsive properties of grafted brush coatings and CaCO3 NPs acting as biologically active substrate, we hope that our research will lead to a new platform for tissue engineering with modified growth of the cells due to the release of biologically active substances from CaCO3 NPs and the ability to detach the cells in a controlled manner using temperature-induced changes of the brush.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ostap Lishchynskyi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lviv Polytechnic National University, St. George’s Square 2, 79-013 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Yurij Stetsyshyn
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lviv Polytechnic National University, St. George’s Square 2, 79-013 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Joanna Raczkowska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lviv Polytechnic National University, St. George’s Square 2, 79-013 Lviv, Ukraine;
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.A.); (S.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Kamil Awsiuk
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.A.); (S.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Barbara Orzechowska
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Anatolii Abalymov
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.A.); (A.G.S.)
| | - Andre G. Skirtach
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.A.); (A.G.S.)
| | - Andrzej Bernasik
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH—University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-049 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Svyatoslav Nastyshyn
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.A.); (S.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrzej Budkowski
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.A.); (S.N.); (A.B.)
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Chernozem RV, Surmeneva MA, Abalymov AA, Parakhonskiy BV, Rigole P, Coenye T, Surmenev RA, Skirtach AG. Piezoelectric hybrid scaffolds mineralized with calcium carbonate for tissue engineering: Analysis of local enzyme and small-molecule drug delivery, cell response and antibacterial performance. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 122:111909. [PMID: 33641905 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As the next generation of materials for bone reconstruction, we propose a multifunctional bioactive platform based on biodegradable piezoelectric polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) fibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering with drug delivery capabilities. To use the entire surface area for local drug delivery, the scaffold surface was uniformly biomineralized with biocompatible calcium carbonate (CaCO3) microparticles in a vaterite-calcite polymorph mixture. CaCO3-coated PHB scaffolds demonstrated a similar elastic modulus compared to that of pristine one. However, reduced tensile strength and failure strain of 31% and 67% were observed, respectively. The biomimetic immobilization of enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin (VCM) preserved the CaCO3-mineralized PHB scaffold morphology and resulted in partial recrystallization of vaterite to calcite. In comparison to pristine scaffolds, the loading efficiency of CaCO3-mineralized PHB scaffolds was 4.6 and 3.5 times higher for VCM and ALP, respectively. Despite the increased number of cells incubated with ALP-immobilized scaffolds (up to 61% for non-mineralized and up to 36% for mineralized), the CaCO3-mineralized PHB scaffolds showed cell adhesion; those containing both VCM and ALP molecules had the highest cell density. Importantly, no toxicity for pre-osteoblastic cells was detected, even in the VCM-immobilized scaffolds. In contrast with antibiotic-free scaffolds, the VCM-immobilized ones had a pronounced antibacterial effect against gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, piezoelectric hybrid PHB scaffolds modified with CaCO3 layers and immobilized VCM/ALP are promising materials in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V Chernozem
- Physical Materials Science and Composite Materials Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria A Surmeneva
- Physical Materials Science and Composite Materials Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anatolii A Abalymov
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Nano- and Biomedical Technologies, Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | | | - Petra Rigole
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roman A Surmenev
- Physical Materials Science and Composite Materials Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Lisuzzo L, Caruso MR, Cavallaro G, Milioto S, Lazzara G. Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Films Filled with Halloysite Nanotubes/Wax Hybrid Microspheres. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Lisuzzo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, pad. 17, Palermo, 90128, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Caruso
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, pad. 17, Palermo, 90128, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, INSTM, Via G. Giusti, 9, Firenze, I-50121, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cavallaro
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, pad. 17, Palermo, 90128, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, INSTM, Via G. Giusti, 9, Firenze, I-50121, Italy
| | - Stefana Milioto
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, pad. 17, Palermo, 90128, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, INSTM, Via G. Giusti, 9, Firenze, I-50121, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lazzara
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, pad. 17, Palermo, 90128, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, INSTM, Via G. Giusti, 9, Firenze, I-50121, Italy
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Nanoparticles in Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Layer-by-Layer (LbL) Films and Capsules—Key Enabling Components of Hybrid Coatings. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10111131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Originally regarded as auxiliary additives, nanoparticles have become important constituents of polyelectrolyte multilayers. They represent the key components to enhance mechanical properties, enable activation by laser light or ultrasound, construct anisotropic and multicompartment structures, and facilitate the development of novel sensors and movable particles. Here, we discuss an increasingly important role of inorganic nanoparticles in the layer-by-layer assembly—effectively leading to the construction of the so-called hybrid coatings. The principles of assembly are discussed together with the properties of nanoparticles and layer-by-layer polymeric assembly essential in building hybrid coatings. Applications and emerging trends in development of such novel materials are also identified.
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