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Zhong X, Xie S, Guo Z. The Challenge of Superhydrophobicity: Environmentally Facilitated Cassie-Wenzel Transitions and Structural Design. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305961. [PMID: 38145324 PMCID: PMC10933658 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic materials can be used in various fields to optimize production and life due to their unique surface wetting properties. However, under certain pressure and perturbation conditions, the droplets deposited on superhydrophobic materials are prone to change from Cassie state to Wenzel state, which limits the practical applications of the materials. In recent years, a large number of works have investigated the transition behavior, transition mechanism, and influencing factors of the wetting transition that occurs when a superhydrophobic surface is under a series of external environments. Based on these works, in this paper, the phenomenon and kinetic behavior of the destruction of the Cassie state and the mechanism of the wetting transition are systematically summarized under external conditions that promote the wetting transition on the material surface, including pressure, impact, evaporation, vibration, and electric wetting. In addition, superhydrophobic surface morphology has been shown to directly affect the duration of the Cassie state. Based on the published work the effects of specific morphology on the Cassie state, including structural size, structural shape, and structural level, are summarized in this paper from theoretical analyses and experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional MaterialsHubei UniversityWuhan430062China
| | - Shangzhen Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional MaterialsHubei UniversityWuhan430062China
| | - Zhiguang Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional MaterialsHubei UniversityWuhan430062China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China
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Frýdlová B, Fajstavr D, Slepičková Kasálková N, Rimpelová S, Svobodová Pavlíčková V, Švorčík V, Slepička P. Replicated biopolymer pattern on PLLA-Ag basis with an excellent antibacterial response. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21566. [PMID: 38027944 PMCID: PMC10663834 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The design of functional micro or nanostructured surfaces is undergoing extensive research for their intriguing multifunctional properties and for large variety of potential applications in biomedical field (tissue engineering or cell adhesion), electronics, optics or microfluidics. Such nanosized topographies can be easily fabricated by various lithography techniques and can be also further reinforced by synergic effect by combining aforementioned structures along materials with already outstanding antibacterial properties. In this work we fabricated novel micro/nanostructured substrates using soft lithography replication method and subsequent thermal nanoimprint lithography method, creating nanostructured films based on poly (l-lactic acid) (PLLA) fortified by thin silver films deposited by PVD. Main nanoscale patterns were fabricated by replicating surface patterns of optical discs (CDs and DVDs), which proved to be easy, fast and inexpensive method for creating relatively large area patterned surfaces. Their antimicrobial activity was examined in vitro against the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains. The results demonstrated that nanopatterned films actually improved the conditions for bacterial growth compared to pristine PLLA films, the novelty is based on formation of Ag nanoparticles on the surface/and in bulk, while silver nanoparticle enhanced and nanopatterned films exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against both bacterial strains, with circa 80 % efficacy in 4 h and complete bactericidal effect in span of 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bára Frýdlová
- Department of Solid State Engineering, The University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Fajstavr
- Department of Solid State Engineering, The University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Slepičková Kasálková
- Department of Solid State Engineering, The University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Silvie Rimpelová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, The University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimíra Svobodová Pavlíčková
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, The University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Švorčík
- Department of Solid State Engineering, The University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slepička
- Department of Solid State Engineering, The University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
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Hou Y, Zhan F, Fan W, Wang L. Dynamic Anti-Icing Performance of Flexible Hybrid Superhydropohobic Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41162-41169. [PMID: 37587085 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Normal superhydrophobic surfaces with a rough topography provide pocketed air at the solid-liquid interface, which guides the droplet to easily detach from the surface at room temperature. However, at low temperatures, this function attenuates obviously. In this research, a flexible hybrid topography with submillimeter (sub-mm) and microcone arrays is designed to adjust the impacting behavior of the droplet. The sub-mm cone could provide rigid support to limit deformation, leading to reduced energy consumption during impact processes. However, the microcone could maintain surface superhydrophobicity under different conditions, preventing droplet breakage and the change of the droplet contact state during impact processes by providing multiple contact points. Under the synergistic effect, such a hybrid structure could provide much more pocket air at the solid-liquid interface to limit the spreading of liquid droplets and reduce the energy loss during the impact process. At a low temperature (-5 °C), even if the impact height is reduced to 1 cm, the droplets still could be bound off, and the hybrid superhydrophobic surface presents excellent dynamic anti-icing ability. The special flexible hybrid superhydropohobic surface has potential application in fast self-cleaning and anti-icing fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Hou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fei Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Wenqi Fan
- Power Transmission and Transformation Engineering Department, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100055, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Sui X, Tam J, Keller H, Liang W, Erb U. Superhydrophobicity mechanism of refoliated quaking aspen leaves after complete defoliation by LDD (gypsy, spongy) moth caterpillars. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 330:111659. [PMID: 36813242 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Complete defoliation of trees due to periodic LDD (Lymantria dispar dispar) moth outbreaks in many parts of the world is a significant stress factor for the survival of individual trees and entire forests over vast areas. This study addresses such a mid-summer defoliation event in Ontario, Canada for quaking aspen trees during 2021. It is shown that complete refoliation in the same year is possible for these trees, albeit with significantly smaller leaf size. Regrown leaves showed the well-known non-wetting behaviour typically observed for the quaking aspen tree without a defoliation event. These leaves have the same hierarchical dual-scale surface structure consisting of nanometre-size epicuticular wax (ECW) crystals superimposed on micrometre-sized papillae. This structure provides for the Cassie-Baxter non-wetting state with a very high water contact angle on the adaxial surface of the leaves. Subtle differences in the leaf surface morphology of the refoliation leaves compared with the regular growth leaves are likely due to environmental factors such as seasonal temperature during the leaf growth period after budbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sui
- College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Jason Tam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Harald Keller
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Wenyan Liang
- College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Uwe Erb
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada.
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Zhang L, Uzoma PC, Xiaoyang C, Penkov OV, Hu H. Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Micro/Nanostructured Surfaces for Superhydrophobic and Anti-Ice Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:872268. [PMID: 35387304 PMCID: PMC8977784 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.872268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a scalable and cost-effective fabrication approach for constructing bio-inspired micro/nanostructured surfaces. It involves silicon microstructure etching using a deep reactive ion etch (DRIE) method, nanowires deposition via glancing angle deposition (GLAD) process, and fluorocarbon thin film deposition. Compared with the smooth, microstructured, and nanostructured surfaces, the hierarchical micro/nanostructured surfaces obtained via this method showed the highest water contact angle of ∼161° and a low sliding angle of <10°. It also offered long ice delay times of 2313 s and 1658 s at −5°C and −10°C respectively, more than 10 times longer than smooth surfaces indicating excellent anti-icing properties and offering promising applications in low-temperature environments. These analyses further proved that the surface structures have a significant influence on surface wettability and anti-icing behavior. Hence, the GLAD process which is versatile and cost-effective offers the freedom of constructing nanostructures on top of microstructures to achieve the required objective in the fabrication of micro/nanostructured surfaces when compared to other fabrication techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lansheng Zhang
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Paul C. Uzoma
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Chu Xiaoyang
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Oleksiy V. Penkov
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Huan Hu
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluidic Power and Mechanical Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Huan Hu,
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