1
|
Tian M, Sun X, Cheng J, Guo M. Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Thermal-Induced Polymerized Goat Milk Whey Protein. Foods 2023; 12:3626. [PMID: 37835278 PMCID: PMC10572621 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Goat milk whey protein products are a hard-to-source commodity. Whey protein concentrate was directly prepared from fresh goat milk. The effects of the heating temperature (69-78 °C), time (15-30 min), and pH (7.5-7.9) on the physicochemical and functional properties of the goat milk whey protein were investigated. The results showed that the particle size of the samples significantly increased (p < 0.05) after heat treatment. The zeta potential of polymerized goat milk whey protein (PGWP) was lower than that of native goat milk whey protein. The content of the free sulfhydryl groups of PGWP decreased with increasing heating temperature and time, while an increase in surface hydrophobicity and apparent viscosity of PGWP were observed after heat treatment. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis indicated that heat treatment and pH had considerable impacts on the secondary structure of goat milk whey protein. Transmission electron microscope images revealed that heat induced the formation of a large and uniform protein network. Additionally, the changes in the physicochemical and structural properties contributed to the improvement of the emulsifying and foaming properties of goat milk whey protein after heat treatment. The results may provide a theoretical basis for the applications of polymerized goat milk whey protein in related products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mu Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China;
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.S.); (J.C.)
| | - Xiaomeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.S.); (J.C.)
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (X.S.); (J.C.)
| | - Mingruo Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Janahar JJ, Balasubramaniam V, Jiménez-Flores R, Campanella OH, Patel B, Ortega-Anaya J. Impact of ultra-shear technology on quality attributes of model dairy-pea protein dispersions with different fat levels. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100439. [PMID: 36691593 PMCID: PMC9860273 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of ultra-shear technology (UST) processing on dairy-pea protein dispersions with different fat levels. Raw milk, skim milk, and cream, as well as model dispersions with combinations of dairy products and pea protein (i.e., raw milk with pea protein, skim milk with pea protein, and cream with pea protein) were employed as test samples. UST experiments were conducted at a pressure of 400 MPa and 70 °C shear valve exit temperature. The UST treatment increased the viscosity of the dispersions and the increases depended on the fat level. Dairy-pea protein dispersions from raw milk and skim milk were shear thinning and mathematically described by the power-law model defined by the consistency coefficient, K (Pa·sn) and the flow behavior index, n. UST treated cream + pea protein dispersions produced structures with gel-like characteristics. Microstructure and particle size analysis determined by laser scanning microscope revealed a reduction in particle size after UST treatment in raw milk + pea protein and skim milk + pea protein dispersions up to 7.55 and 8.30 μm, respectively. In contrast, the particle mean diameter of cream + pea protein dispersions increased up to 77.20 μm after the UST treatment. Thus, the effect of UST on the particle size and rheological behavior of the dispersions depended on the fat level. UST-treated dispersions were stable with no visible phase separation or sedimentation upon centrifugation at 4000×g for 30 min (4 °C). Heat treatment and freeze-thaw treatment of UST-treated samples showed stable blends immediately after the treatments, but subsequent centrifugation showed solid separation. Results from the study suggest that UST is a potential technology to produce stable dairy + pea protein liquids foods with different rheological characteristics for diverse applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerish Joyner Janahar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - V.M. Balasubramaniam
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA,Department of Food Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA,Corresponding author. Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Rafael Jiménez-Flores
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Osvaldo H. Campanella
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Bhavesh Patel
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Joana Ortega-Anaya
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Pandiselvam R, Liu Y. Understanding the factors affecting the surface chemical composition of dairy powders: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:241-255. [PMID: 35916834 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2105803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Dairy powder, with abundant chemical components such as protein, fat, and lactose possessing diverse physical and chemical structures, can exhibit a surface composition distinct from its bulk content during the conversion of liquid milk into dry powder. Surface chemical composition is a significant parameter in the dairy industry, as it is directly associated with the techno-functional properties of dairy powder products. The current work provides an overview of the factors influencing the surface composition of dairy powders such as the bulk composition of raw milk (animal source and formulation), liquid dairy processing (homogenization, thermal treatment, and evaporation), the drying process (drying methods as well as operating conditions during the most commonly used spray drying), and storage conditions (temperature, relative humidity, and duration). The underlying mechanisms involved in the variations of particle surface composition include the mechanical properties of emulsion, milk fat globules redistribution caused by mechanical forces, adsorption competition and interactions of ingredients at the water/air interface, dehydration-induced alterations in particle structure, corresponding solid/solutes segregation differentiation during spray drying, and lactose crystallization-induced increase in surface fat during storage. Additionally, future research is suggested to explore the effects of emerging processing technologies on the surface composition modification of dairy powders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - R Pandiselvam
- Division of Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod, Kerala, India
| | - Yanhong Liu
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
McSweeney DJ, Aydogdu T, Hailu Y, O’Mahony JA, McCarthy NA. Heat treatment of liquid ultrafiltration concentrate influences the physical and functional properties of milk protein concentrate powders. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2022.105403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|