Characterization of lecithin liposomes prepared by polyol dilution method using 1,3-butylene glycol

Engineering marine phospholipid nanoliposomes via glycerol-infused proliposomes: Mechanisms, strategies, and versatile applications in scalable food-grade nanoliposome production

This study presents a novel approach using polyol-based proliposome to produce marine phospholipids nanoliposomes. Proliposomes were formulated by blending glycerol with phospholipids across varying mass ratios (2:1 to 1:10) at room temperature. Analysis employing polarized light microscopy, FTIR, and DSC revealed that glycerol disrupted the stacked acyl groups within phospholipids, lowering the phase transition temperature (Tm). Krill oil phospholipids (KOP) proliposomes exhibited superior performance in nanoliposomes formation, with a mean diameter of 125.60 ± 3.97 nm, attributed to the decreased Tm (-7.64 and 7.00 °C) compared to soybean phospholipids, along with a correspondingly higher absolute zeta potential (-39.77 ± 1.18 mV). The resulting KOP proliposomes demonstrated liposomes formation stability over six months and under various environmental stresses (dilution, thermal, ionic strength, pH), coupled with in vitro absorption exceeding 90 %. This investigation elucidates the mechanism behind glycerol-formulated proliposomes and proposes innovative strategies for scalable, solvent-free nanoliposome production with implications for functional foods and pharmaceutical applications.

A review of the role of liposome-encapsulated phytochemicals targeting PPAR Ɣ and associated pathways to combat obesity

A limited number of studies have directly examined the effects of liposomal encapsulated phytochemicals and their anti-obesity effects in adults. This study aimed to summarize the evidence on the effect of liposomal encapsulated phytochemicals and their role in regulating major pathways involved in the anti-obesity mechanism. A systematic search was performed using several search engines like Science Direct, Google Scholar, and other online journals, focusing on laboratory research, systematic reviews, clinical trials, and meta-analysis that focused on liposomal encapsulated phytochemicals with anti-obesity properties, and followed the preferred reporting terms for this systematic review. An initial search provided a result of 1810 articles, and 93 papers were selected after the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Very few studies have been conducted on the liposomal encapsulation of phytochemicals or its synergistic study to combat obesity; hence this review paves the way for future obesity research and is mainly helpful for the pediatric obesity population. Liposomal encapsulation of phytochemicals has improved the efficiency of freely administered phytochemicals. Targeted delivery improved drug utilization and regulated the anti-obesity pathways. PPARƔ is a major therapeutic target for obesity as it inhibits adipocyte differentiation and maintains energy homeostasis.

Effect of polyols on membrane structures of liposomes: A study using small-angle X-ray scattering data and generalized indirect Fourier transformation

This study aimed to evaluate the membrane structure of distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) liposomes dispersed in water containing various types of polyols with low molecular weight such as glycerin (Gly), 1,3-butandiol (BG), and propylene glycol (PG). To clarify the detailed membrane structure, generalized indirect Fourier transformation (GIFT) analysis, which provides information about the bilayer spacing, bilayer thickness, number of lamellar layers, and membrane flexibility, was applied to small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data of the present system. The GIFT results showed that the bilayer thickness of the DSPC liposomes followed the order Gly>>BG>PG. In addition, the membrane flexibility estimated by the Caille parameter was in the order Gly>>BG>PG; this result was supported by the gel-liquid crystal phase transition temperature (T_c) obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These results, together with the Raman spectra, suggest that BG and PG incorporated into the bilayers of DSPC liposomes result in the formation of an interdigitated lamellar structure.