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Chiorcea-Paquim AM. Electrochemistry of Flavonoids: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15667. [PMID: 37958651 PMCID: PMC10648705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids represent a large group of aromatic amino acids that are extensively disseminated in plants. More than six thousand different flavonoids have been isolated and identified. They are important components of the human diet, presenting a broad spectrum of health benefits, including antibacterial, antiviral, antimicrobial, antineoplastic, anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, immunomodulatory, vasodilatory and cardioprotective properties. They are now considered indispensable compounds in the healthcare, food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and biotechnology industries. All flavonoids are electroactive, and a relationship between their electron-transfer properties and radical-scavenging activity has been highlighted. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive overview concerning the electron-transfer reactions in flavonoids, from the point of view of their in-vitro antioxidant mode of action. Flavonoid redox behavior is related to the oxidation of the phenolic hydroxy groups present in their structures. The fundamental principles concerning the redox behavior of flavonoids will be described, and the phenol moiety oxidation pathways and the effect of substituents and experimental conditions on flavonoid electrochemical behavior will be discussed. The final sections will focus on the electroanalysis of flavonoids in natural products and their identification in highly complex matrixes, such as fruits, vegetables, beverages, food supplements, pharmaceutical compounds and human body fluids, relevant for food quality control, nutrition, and healthcare research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Chiorcea-Paquim
- Instituto Pedro Nunes (IPN), 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal;
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
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Barzani H, Ali H, Şahin C, Kıran M, Yardım Y. A new approach for the voltammetric sensing of the phytoestrogen genistein in the urine samples at a non‐modified boron‐doped diamond electrode. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Housaindokht MR, Janati‐Fard F, Ashraf N. Recent advances in applications of surfactant‐based voltammetric sensors. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Housaindokht
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
- Research and Technology Center of Biomolecules, Faculty of Sciences Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Fatemeh Janati‐Fard
- Research and Technology Center of Biomolecules, Faculty of Sciences Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Narges Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
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Chiorcea-Paquim AM, Enache TA, De Souza Gil E, Oliveira-Brett AM. Natural phenolic antioxidants electrochemistry: Towards a new food science methodology. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:1680-1726. [PMID: 33337087 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Natural phenolic compounds are abundant in the vegetable kingdom, occurring mainly as secondary metabolites in a wide variety of chemical structures. Around 10,000 different plant phenolic derivatives have been isolated and identified. This review provides an exhaustive overview concerning the electron transfer reactions in natural polyphenols, from the point of view of their in vitro antioxidant and/or pro-oxidant mode of action, as well as their identification in highly complex matrixes, for example, fruits, vegetables, wine, food supplements, relevant for food quality control, nutrition, and health research. The accurate assessment of polyphenols' redox behavior is essential, and the application of the electrochemical methods in routine quality control of natural products and foods, where the polyphenols antioxidant activity needs to be quantified in vitro, is of the utmost importance. The phenol moiety oxidation pathways and the effect of substituents and experimental conditions on their electrochemical behavior will be reviewed. The fundamental principles concerning the redox behavior of natural polyphenols, specifically flavonoids and other benzopyran derivatives, phenolic acids and ester derivatives, quinones, lignins, tannins, lignans, essential oils, stilbenes, curcuminoids, and chalcones, will be described. The final sections will focus on the electroanalysis of phenolic antioxidants in natural products and the electroanalytical evaluation of in vitro total antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teodor Adrian Enache
- CEMMPRE, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-535, Portugal
| | - Eric De Souza Gil
- CEMMPRE, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-535, Portugal.,Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Setor Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil
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Traipop S, Chuanuwatanakul S, Chailapakul O, Punrat E. Facile and Fast Detection of Genistein in Derris scandens by Square Wave Voltammetry using a Cobalt(II) Phthalocyanine-Modified Screen-Printed Electrochemical Sensor. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180521091053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Recently, Derris scandens, a Thai herbal medicine with anti-inflammatory
activity, is widely used as beverage and supplementary food. When the traditional medicine is a
choice for health therapy, the simple and reliable equipment is required to control the suitable consuming
amount of the active component.
Objective:
To develop the electrochemical sensor for genistein determination in Derris scandens with
high sensitivity and rapid operation.
Methods:
An in-house screen-printed electrochemical sensor consisting of a three-electrode system
was developed for genistein determination. A silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) reference electrode, a
carbon counter electrode and a carbon working electrode were prepared on a 0.3-mm-thick plastic
substrate by the screen-printing technique using conductive ink. The dimensions of each sensor were
2.5×1.0 cm. Only 50 µL of sample solution was required on this device for the determination of
genistein concentration by rapid response square wave voltammetry.
Results:
The oxidation peak of genistein appeared with good response in acidic media at a peak potential
of 0.6 V. Moreover, the signal was enhanced by modifying the conductive carbon ink with cobalt(
II) phthalocyanine. Under the optimized conditions, the linear range was found to be 2.5-150 µM
and the detection limit was 1.5 µM. Moreover, the small volume extraction was successfully developed
without any further pre-concentration. This proposed method was applied to determine genistein
in Derris scandens with satisfying results.
Conclusion:
The proposed method is promising as an alternative method for genistein determination
with facile and fast analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surinya Traipop
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellent, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchada Chuanuwatanakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellent, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellent, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Eakkasit Punrat
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Mornar A, Buhač T, Klarić DA, Klarić I, Sertić M, Nigović B. Multi-targeted Screening of Phytoestrogens in Food, Raw Material, and Dietary Supplements by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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NIU LT, LI GG, LI HF, CUI F, ZHANG J, HUANG Y, CHEN K, ZHANG JF, LI WF, LIU WL. A Novel Genistein Electrochemical Sensor Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polycarbazole/Carboxylated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposite. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(19)61176-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Brahman PK, Pandey N, Kumar JS, Somarouthu P, Tiwari S, Pitre KS. Highly sensitive stripping voltammetric determination of a biomolecule, pyruvic acid in solubilized system and biological fluids. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Csupor D, Bognár J, Karsai J. An Optimized Method for the Quantification of Isoflavones in Dry Soy Extract Containing Products. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Magarelli G, Lima LHC, da Silva JG, SouzaDe JR, de Castro CSP. Rutin and total isoflavone determination in soybean at different growth stages by using voltammetric methods. Microchem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gil ES, Couto RO. Flavonoid electrochemistry: a review on the electroanalytical applications. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-695x2013005000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ziyatdinova GK, Ziganshina ER, Budnikov HC. Application of surfactants in voltammetric analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s106193481211010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wang H, Han S. Determination of Genistein by Flow-injection Chemiluminescence Method Based on Ferricyanide Oxidation Sensitized by Rhodamine 6G. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201100691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Voltammetric determination of anticancer drug flutamide in surfactant media at polymer film modified carbon paste electrode. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Barbosa AMJ, de Araujo TA, Trindade MAG, Ferreira VS. A new indirect method based on square-wave voltammetry for ceftiofur determination in bovine milk using an alkaline degradation product. Microchem J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2011.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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