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Madkhali OA. Drug Delivery of Gelatin Nanoparticles as a Biodegradable Polymer for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases: Perspectives and Challenges. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4327. [PMID: 37960007 PMCID: PMC10648051 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) for the treatment of infectious diseases. The inherent properties of these nanoparticles make them attractive options for drug delivery. Their biocompatibility ensures that they can interact with biological systems without causing adverse reactions, while their biodegradability ensures that they can break down harmlessly in the body once their function is performed. Furthermore, their capacity for controlled drug release ensures that therapeutic agents can be delivered over a sustained period, thereby enhancing treatment efficacy. This review examines the current landscape of GNP-based drug delivery, with a specific focus on its potential applications and challenges in the context of infectious diseases. Key challenges include controlling drug release rates, ensuring nanoparticle stability under physiological conditions, scaling up production while maintaining quality, mitigating potential immunogenic reactions, optimizing drug loading efficiency, and tracking the biodistribution and clearance of GNPs in the body. Despite these hurdles, GNPs hold promising potential in the realm of infectious disease treatment. Ongoing research and innovation are essential to overcome these obstacles and completely harness the potential of GNPs in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama A Madkhali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45124, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Milano F, Masi A, Madaghiele M, Sannino A, Salvatore L, Gallo N. Current Trends in Gelatin-Based Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051499. [PMID: 37242741 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gelatin is a highly versatile natural polymer, which is widely used in healthcare-related sectors due to its advantageous properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, low-cost, and the availability of exposed chemical groups. In the biomedical field, gelatin is used also as a biomaterial for the development of drug delivery systems (DDSs) due to its applicability to several synthesis techniques. In this review, after a brief overview of its chemical and physical properties, the focus is placed on the commonly used techniques for the development of gelatin-based micro- or nano-sized DDSs. We highlight the potential of gelatin as a carrier of many types of bioactive compounds and its ability to tune and control select drugs' release kinetics. The desolvation, nanoprecipitation, coacervation, emulsion, electrospray, and spray drying techniques are described from a methodological and mechanistic point of view, with a careful analysis of the effects of the main variable parameters on the DDSs' properties. Lastly, the outcomes of preclinical and clinical studies involving gelatin-based DDSs are thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Milano
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Annalia Masi
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Marta Madaghiele
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sannino
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luca Salvatore
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Typeone Biomaterials Srl, Via Europa 113, 73021 Calimera, Italy
| | - Nunzia Gallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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3
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Combined plant protein modification and complex coacervation as a sustainable strategy to produce coacervates encapsulating bioactives. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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4
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Gopi S, Amalraj A, Sukumaran NP, Haponiuk JT, Thomas S. Biopolymers and Their Composites for Drug Delivery: A Brief Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201800114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sreeraj Gopi
- R&D Centre; Aurea Biolabs (P) Ltd, Kolenchery; Cochin 682311 Kerala India
- Chemical Faculty; Gdansk University of Technology; Gdańsk Poland
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology; School of Chemical Sciences; Mahatma Gandhi University; Priyadarshini Hills P. O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
| | - Augustine Amalraj
- R&D Centre; Aurea Biolabs (P) Ltd, Kolenchery; Cochin 682311 Kerala India
| | | | | | - Sabu Thomas
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology; School of Chemical Sciences; Mahatma Gandhi University; Priyadarshini Hills P. O. Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
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5
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Microencapsulation of Cypermethrin Via Interfacial Polymerization for Controlled Release Application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2018.06.636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Rajabinejad H, Patrucco A, Caringella R, Montarsolo A, Zoccola M, Pozzo PD. Preparation of keratin-based microcapsules for encapsulation of hydrophilic molecules. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 40:527-532. [PMID: 28946454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The interest towards microcapsules based on non-toxic, biodegradable and biocompatible polymers, such as proteins, is increasing considerably. In this work, microcapsules were prepared using water soluble keratin, known as keratoses, with the aim of encapsulating hydrophilic molecules. Keratoses were obtained via oxidizing extraction of pristine wool, previously degreased by Soxhlet. In order to better understand the shell part of microcapsules, pristine wool and obtained keratoses were investigated by FT-IR, gel-electrophoresis and HPLC. Production of the microcapsules was carried out by a sonication method. Thermal properties of microcapsules were investigated by DSC. Microencapsulation and dye encapsulation yields were obtained by UV-spectroscopy. Morphological structure of microcapsules was studied by light microscopy, SEM, and AFM. The molecular weights of proteins analyzed using gel-electrophoresis resulted in the range of 38-62kDa. The results confirmed that the hydrophilic dye (Telon Blue) was introduced inside the keratoses shells by sonication and the final microcapsules diameter ranged from 0.5 to 4µm. Light microscope investigation evidenced the presence of the dye inside the keratoses vesicles, confirming their capability of encapsulating hydrophilic molecules. The microcapsule yield and dye encapsulation yield were found to be 28.87±3% and 83.62±5% respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Rajabinejad
- Politecnico di Torino, DISAT - Department of Applied Science and Technology, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.
| | - Alessia Patrucco
- CNR-ISMAC National Research Council, Institute for Macromolecular Studies, C.so Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Caringella
- CNR-ISMAC National Research Council, Institute for Macromolecular Studies, C.so Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy
| | - Alessio Montarsolo
- CNR-ISMAC National Research Council, Institute for Macromolecular Studies, C.so Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy
| | - Marina Zoccola
- CNR-ISMAC National Research Council, Institute for Macromolecular Studies, C.so Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy
| | - Pier Davide Pozzo
- CNR-ISMAC National Research Council, Institute for Macromolecular Studies, C.so Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy
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Othman R, Vladisavljević GT, Thomas NL, Nagy ZK. Fabrication of composite poly(d,l-lactide)/montmorillonite nanoparticles for controlled delivery of acetaminophen by solvent-displacement method using glass capillary microfluidics. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 141:187-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Zhang DX, Li BX, Zhang XP, Zhang ZQ, Wang WC, Liu F. Phoxim Microcapsules Prepared with Polyurea and Urea-Formaldehyde Resins Differ in Photostability and Insecticidal Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:2841-6. [PMID: 27010712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The application of pesticide microcapsules (MCs) in agriculture is becoming more and more popular. In this study, the effects of different wall materials on the stomach toxicity, contact toxicity, length of efficacy, and photolysis characteristics of pesticide microcapsules were investigated. The results showed that microencapsulation reduced the stomach and contact toxicities of phoxim and prolonged the efficacy of this light-sensitive chemical in the greenhouse test. Neither of the degradation curves for microencapsulated phoxim under ultraviolet light fit a first-order model, although the emulsifiable concentrate (EC) degradation curve fit it well. The phoxim-loaded polyurea microcapsules (PUA-MCs) showed significantly increased UV-resistance ability, stomach toxicity, and contact toxicity compared with the phoxim-loaded urea-formaldehyde microcapsules (UF-MCs). These experiments indicated that it is crucial to select the appropriate wall materials for pesticide microcapsules on the basis of application sites and physicochemical properties of pesticide active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-xia Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; ‡Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; #Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique; and ⊥College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei-xing Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; ‡Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; #Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique; and ⊥College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-peng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; ‡Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; #Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique; and ⊥College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-qun Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; ‡Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; #Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique; and ⊥College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-chang Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; ‡Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; #Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique; and ⊥College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; ‡Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; #Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique; and ⊥College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
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Roldan-Cruz C, Carmona-Ascencio J, Vernon-Carter E, Alvarez-Ramirez J. Electrical impedance spectroscopy for monitoring the gum Arabic–chitosan complexation process in bulk solution. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Yıldız S, Aytekin E, Yavuz B, Bozdağ Pehlivan S, Ünlü N. Formulation studies for mirtazapine orally disintegrating tablets. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 42:1008-17. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1104345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simay Yıldız
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eren Aytekin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burçin Yavuz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Bozdağ Pehlivan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurşen Ünlü
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
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11
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Li B, Guan L, Wang K, Zhang D, Wang W, Liu F. Formula and process optimization of controlled-release microcapsules prepared using a coordination assembly and the response surface methodology. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- BeiXing Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Department of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai'an Shandong People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai'an Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Department of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai'an Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Department of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai'an Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - DaXia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Department of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai'an Shandong People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai'an Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - WeiChang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Department of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai'an Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Department of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai'an Shandong People's Republic of China
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12
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Patient-centred pharmaceutical design to improve acceptability of medicines: similarities and differences in paediatric and geriatric populations. Drugs 2015; 74:1871-1889. [PMID: 25274536 PMCID: PMC4210646 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-014-0297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Patient acceptability of a medicinal product is a key aspect in the development and prescribing of medicines. Children and older adults differ in many aspects from the other age subsets of population and require particular considerations in medication acceptability. This review highlights the similarities and differences in these two age groups in relation to factors affecting acceptability of medicines. New and conventional formulations of medicines are considered regarding their appropriateness for use in children and older people. Aspects of a formulation that impact acceptability in these patient groups are discussed, including, for example, taste/smell/viscosity of a liquid and size/shape of a tablet. A better understanding of the acceptability of existing formulations highlights opportunities for the development of new and more acceptable medicines and facilitates safe and effective prescribing for the young and older populations.
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13
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Pohanka M. Toxicology and the biological role of methanol and ethanol: Current view. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2015; 160:54-63. [PMID: 26006090 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2015.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol variants such as ethanol and methanol are simple organic compounds widely used in foods, pharmaceuticals, chemical synthesis, etc. Both are becoming an emerging health problem; abuse of ethanol containing beverages can lead to disparate health problems and methanol is highly toxic and unfit for consumption. METHODS AND RESULTS This review summarizes the basic knowledge about ethanol and methanol toxicity, the effect mechanism on the body, the current care of poisoned individuals and the implication of alcohols in the development of diseases. Alcohol related dementia, stroke, metabolic syndrome and hepatitis are discussed as well. Besides ethanol, methanol toxicity and its biodegradation pathways are addressed. CONCLUSIONS The impact of ethanol and methanol on the body is shown as case reports, along with a discussion on the possible implication of alcohol in Alzheimer's disease and antidotal therapy for methanol poisoning. The role of ethanol in cancer and degenerative disorders seems to be underestimated given the current knowledge. Treatment in case of poisoning is another issue that remains unresolved even though effective protocols and drugs exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Pohanka
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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14
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Asbahani AE, Miladi K, Badri W, Sala M, Addi EA, Casabianca H, Mousadik AE, Hartmann D, Jilale A, Renaud F, Elaissari A. Essential oils: From extraction to encapsulation. Int J Pharm 2015; 483:220-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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15
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Continuous API-crystal coating via coacervation in a tubular reactor. Int J Pharm 2014; 475:198-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Chai C, Lee J, Huang Q. The effect of ionic strength on the rheology of pH-induced bovine serum albumin/κ-carrageenan coacervates. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Jaganathan M, Madhumitha D, Dhathathreyan A. Protein microcapsules: preparation and applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 209:1-7. [PMID: 24444755 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes and polymerosomes generally represent the two most widely used carriers for encapsulating compounds, in particular drugs for delivery. While these are well established carriers, recent applications in biomedicine and food industry have necessitated the use of proteins as robust carriers that are stable under extreme acidic and basic conditions, have practically no toxicity and are able to withstand high shear force. This review highlights the different methods for using proteins as encapsulating materials and lists some biomedical applications of the microcapsules. The advantages and limitations in the capsules from the different preparation routes are enumerated.
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Advanced progress of microencapsulation technologies: In vivo and in vitro models for studying oral and transdermal drug deliveries. J Control Release 2014; 178:25-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Joye IJ, McClements DJ. Production of nanoparticles by anti-solvent precipitation for use in food systems. Trends Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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