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Fumoto S, Yamamoto T, Okami K, Maemura Y, Terada C, Yamayoshi A, Nishida K. Understanding In Vivo Fate of Nucleic Acid and Gene Medicines for the Rational Design of Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020159. [PMID: 33530309 PMCID: PMC7911509 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid and genetic medicines are increasingly being developed, owing to their potential to treat a variety of intractable diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the in vivo fate of these agents is vital for the rational design, discovery, and fast and straightforward development of the drugs. In case of intravascular administration of nucleic acids and genetic medicines, interaction with blood components, especially plasma proteins, is unavoidable. However, on the flip side, such interaction can be utilized wisely to manipulate the pharmacokinetics of the agents. In other words, plasma protein binding can help in suppressing the elimination of nucleic acids from the blood stream and deliver naked oligonucleotides and gene carriers into target cells. To control the distribution of these agents in the body, the ligand conjugation method is widely applied. It is also important to understand intracellular localization. In this context, endocytosis pathway, endosomal escape, and nuclear transport should be considered and discussed. Encapsulated nucleic acids and genes must be dissociated from the carriers to exert their activity. In this review, we summarize the in vivo fate of nucleic acid and gene medicines and provide guidelines for the rational design of drugs.
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Sánchez-Arribas N, Martínez-Negro M, Villar EM, Pérez L, Osío Barcina J, Aicart E, Taboada P, Guerrero-Martínez A, Junquera E. Protein Expression Knockdown in Cancer Cells Induced by a Gemini Cationic Lipid Nanovector with Histidine-Based Polar Heads. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E791. [PMID: 32825658 PMCID: PMC7558209 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A histidine-based gemini cationic lipid, which had already demonstrated its efficiency as a plasmid DNA (pDNA) nanocarrier, has been used in this work to transfect a small interfering RNA (siRNA) into cancer cells. In combination with the helper lipid monoolein glycerol (MOG), the cationic lipid was used as an antiGFP-siRNA nanovector in a multidisciplinary study. Initially, a biophysical characterization by zeta potential (ζ) and agarose gel electrophoresis experiments was performed to determine the lipid effective charge and confirm siRNA compaction. The lipoplexes formed were arranged in Lα lamellar lyotropic liquid crystal phases with a cluster-type morphology, as cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies revealed. Additionally, in vitro experiments confirmed the high gene knockdown efficiency of the lipid-based nanovehicle as detected by flow cytometry (FC) and epifluorescence microscopy, even better than that of Lipofectamine2000*, the transfecting reagent commonly used as a positive control. Cytotoxicity assays indicated that the nanovector is non-toxic to cells. Finally, using nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS), apolipoprotein A-I and A-II followed by serum albumin were identified as the proteins with higher affinity for the surface of the lipoplexes. This fact could be beyond the remarkable silencing activity of the histidine-based lipid nanocarrier herein presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sánchez-Arribas
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - María Martínez-Negro
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Eva M. Villar
- Departamento de Física de Partículas, Facultad de Físicas e Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.M.V.); (P.T.)
| | - Lourdes Pérez
- Departamento de Tensioactivos y Nanobiotecnología, IQAC-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - José Osío Barcina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Departamento de Física de Partículas, Facultad de Físicas e Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.M.V.); (P.T.)
| | - Andrés Guerrero-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Elena Junquera
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.-A.); (M.M.-N.); (E.A.); (A.G.-M.)
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Sánchez-Arribas N, Martínez-Negro M, Villar EM, Pérez L, Aicart E, Taboada P, Guerrero-Martínez A, Junquera E. Biocompatible Nanovector of siRNA Consisting of Arginine-Based Cationic Lipid for Gene Knockdown in Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:34536-34547. [PMID: 32657573 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the use of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) as therapeutic agents through the knockdown expression of pathogenic proteins, transportation and delivery of such siRNAs into cells continue to be under investigation. Within nonviral vectors, cationic lipids that include amino acid residues in their structures, and that have already demonstrated their suitability as plasmid DNA nanocarriers, may be also considered as potential siRNA vehicles. A double-chain cationic lipid based on the amino acid arginine mixed with a helper lipid has been the object of this biophysical study. First, ζ-potential measurements and agarose gel electrophoresis experiments confirmed the siRNA compaction, while small-angle X-ray scattering analysis (SAXS) revealed the structural pattern of the lipoplexes. Two bicontinuous cubic phases were found to coexist: the double-gyroid phase (QIIG) and the double-diamond phase (QIID), with Pn3m and Ia3d as crystallographic space groups, respectively; the siRNA is known to be located inside their bicontinuous aqueous channels. Second, in vitro studies in HeLa-green fluorescent protein (GFP) and T731-GFP cell lines (modified for GFP overexpression) showed moderate to high gene knockdown levels (determined by flow cytometry and epifluorescence microscopy) with remarkable cell viabilities (CCK-8 assay). Finally, nano-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS) was used to identify the nature of the proteins adhered to the surface of the lipoplexes after incubation with human serum, simulating their behavior in biological fluids. The abundant presence of lipoproteins and serum albumin in such protein corona, together with the coexistence of the bicontinuous cubic phases, may be behind the remarkable silencing activity of these lipoplexes. The results reported herein show that the use of amino-acid-based cationic lipids mixed with a suitable helper lipid, which have already provided good results as DNA plasmid nanocarriers in cellular transfection processes, may also be a biocompatible option, and so far little investigated, in gene silencing in vitro strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sánchez-Arribas
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Martínez-Negro
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva M Villar
- Departamento de Fı́sica de Partı́culas, Facultad de Fı́sicas e Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lourdes Pérez
- Departamento de Tecnologı́a Quı́mica y Tensioactivos, IQAC-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Aicart
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Departamento de Fı́sica de Partı́culas, Facultad de Fı́sicas e Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrés Guerrero-Martínez
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Junquera
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Reiser A, Woschée D, Mehrotra N, Krzysztoń R, Strey HH, Rädler JO. Correlation of mRNA delivery timing and protein expression in lipid-based transfection. Integr Biol (Camb) 2019; 11:362-371. [DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyz030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Non-viral gene delivery is constrained by the dwell time that most synthetic nucleic acid nanocarriers spend inside endosomal compartments. In order to overcome this endosomal-release bottleneck, methods are required that measure nanocarrier uptake kinetics and transfection efficiency simultaneously. Here, we employ live-cell imaging on single-cell arrays (LISCA) to study the delivery-time distribution of lipid-based mRNA complexes under varied serum conditions. By fitting a translation-maturation model to hundreds of individual eGFP reporter fluorescence time courses, the protein expression onset times and the expression rates after transfection are determined. Using this approach, we find that delivery timing and protein expression rates are not intrinsically correlated at the single-cell level, even though population-averaged values of both parameters conjointly change as a function of increasing external serum protein fraction. Lipofectamine-mediated delivery showed decreased transfection efficiency and longer delivery times with increasing serum protein concentration. This is in contrast to ionizable lipid nanoparticle (i-LNP)-mediated transfer, which showed increased efficiency and faster uptake in the presence of serum. In conclusion, the interdependences of single-cell expression rates and onset timing provide additional clues on uptake and release mechanisms, which are useful for improving nucleic acid delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reiser
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Quantitative Biosciences (QBM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Fedor-Lynen-Straße 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - D Woschée
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - N Mehrotra
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - R Krzysztoń
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Quantitative Biosciences (QBM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Fedor-Lynen-Straße 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Laufer Center for Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - H H Strey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Laufer Center for Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - J O Rädler
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Quantitative Biosciences (QBM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Fedor-Lynen-Straße 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Moustaoui H, Saber J, Djeddi I, Liu Q, Movia D, Prina-Mello A, Spadavecchia J, Lamy de la Chapelle M, Djaker N. A protein corona study by scattering correlation spectroscopy: a comparative study between spherical and urchin-shaped gold nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:3665-3673. [PMID: 30741295 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09891c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The study of protein interactions with gold nanoparticles (GNP) is a key step prior to any biomedical application. These interactions depend on many GNP parameters such as size, surface charge, chemistry, and shape. In this work, we propose to use a sensitive technique named scattering correlation spectroscopy or SCS to study protein interactions with GNP. SCS allowed the investigation of the GNP hydrodynamic radius with a very high sensitivity before and after interaction with proteins. No labeling is needed. As a proof-of-concept, two of the most used morphologies of GNP-based nanovectors have been used within this work: spherical-shaped GNP (GNS) and branched-shaped GNP (GNU). The measurement of several parameters such as the number of proteins binding to one GNP, the binding affinity and the cooperativeness of binding for three different plasma proteins on the GNP surface was carried out. While GNS showed an increase in the hydrodynamic radius, indicating that each kind of protein binds on the GNS in a specific orientation, GNU showed different orientations of proteins due to their multi-oriented surfaces (tips) with a higher surface to volume area. Quantitative data based on the Hill model were extracted to obtain the affinity of the proteins to both GNS and GNU surfaces. Data variations can be understood in terms of the electrostatic properties of the proteins, which interact differently with the negatively charged GNP surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Moustaoui
- Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR SMBH, Laboratoire CSPBAT, CNRS (UMR 7244), 74 rue Marcel Cachin, F-93017 Bobigny, France.
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Dittrich M, Brauer C, Funari SS, Dobner B, Brezesinski G, Wölk C. Interactions of Cationic Lipids with DNA: A Structural Approach. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:14858-14868. [PMID: 30165742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal nucleic acid carrier systems based on cationic lipids are a promising pharmaceutical tool in the implementation of gene therapeutic strategies. This study demonstrates the complex behavior of DNA at the lipid-solvent interface facilitating structural changes of the lyotropic liquid-crystalline phases. For this study, the structural properties of six malonic acid based cationic lipids were determined using small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) as well as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Selected lipids (lipid 3 and lipid 6) with high nucleic acid transfer activity have been investigated in detail because of the strong influence of the zwitterionic helper lipid 1,2-di(9 Z-octadecenoyl)- sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) on the structural properties as well as of the complex formation of lipid-DNA complexes (lipoplexes). In the case of lipid 3, DNA stabilizes a metastable cubic mesophase with Im3 m symmetry and an Im3 m Qαc lipoplex is formed, which is rarely described for DNA lipoplexes in literature. In the case of lipid 6, a cubic mesophase with Im3 m symmetry turns into a fluid lamellar phase while mixing with DOPE and complexing DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dittrich
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Science Park Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Chris Brauer
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Science Park Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Sergio S Funari
- Photon Science - DESY , Notkestrasse 85 , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Bodo Dobner
- Institute of Pharmacy, Research Group Biochemical Pharmacy , Martin-Luther-University , Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Gerald Brezesinski
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Science Park Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Christian Wölk
- Institute of Pharmacy, Research Group Biochemical Pharmacy , Martin-Luther-University , Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
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The polyplex, protein corona, cell interplay: Tips and drawbacks. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 168:60-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Co-delivery of nucleoside-modified mRNA and TLR agonists for cancer immunotherapy: Restoring the immunogenicity of immunosilent mRNA. J Control Release 2017; 266:287-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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