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Li X, Wu S, Feng Z, Ning K, Ji D, Yu L, Hu W. Label-Free and Real-Time Optical Detection of Affinity Binding of the Antibody on Adherent Live Cells. Anal Chem 2024; 96:1112-1120. [PMID: 38181398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Oblique-incidence reflectivity difference (OIRD) is a novel real-time, label-free, and nondestructive optical detection method and exhibits encouraging application in the detection of antibody/DNA microarrays. In this study, for the first time, an OIRD label-free immunoassay was achieved by using adherent live cells as the probe. The cells were cultured on glass cells, and the affinity binding of antibodies targeted on the HLA class I antigen of the cell surface was detected with an OIRD. The results show that an OIRD is able to detect the binding process of anti-human HLA-A, B, and C antibodies on MDA-MB-231 cells and HUVEC cells. Control experiments and complementary fluorescence analysis confirmed the high detection specificity and good quantitative virtue of the OIRD label-free immunoassay. Label-free OIRD imaging analysis of cell microarrays was further demonstrated successfully, and the underlying optical mechanism was revealed by combining the theoretical modeling. This work explores the use of live cells as probes for an OIRD immunoassay, thus expanding the potential applications of the OIRD in the field of pathological analysis, disease diagnosis, and drug screening, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Shiming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ke Ning
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ling Yu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Hu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P. R. China
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Shi X, Bian T, Liu L, Zhao H. Surface Coassembly of Binary Mixed Polymer Brushes and Linear Block Copolymer Chains. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:14217-14226. [PMID: 36342322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Binary mixed polymer brushes (BMPBs) are two different homopolymer chains that are covalently anchored to the solid surfaces at high grafting densities. One feature of the BMPBs is the unique ability to make surface phase separation under external stimuli. In this research, we demonstrate that different surface nanostructures can be fabricated by surface coassembly of BMPBs and free block copolymer (BCP) chains. Polystyrene/poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PS/PDMAEMA) BMPBs on silica particles (PS-PDMAEMA-SiO2) are synthesized by a two-step "grafting to" approach. PDMAEMA-b-PS block copolymer (BCP) chains and PS-PDMAEMA-SiO2 make surface self-assembly and a variety of surface nanostructures are formed in methanol. The grafting densities of PS and PDMAEMA brushes, solvent, and the BCP structures all exert significant influences on the surface morphology. With an increase in PDMAEMA grafting density, the surface structures change from perforated layers, to rods, and to spherical surface micelles (s-micelles). The PS grafting density also exerts an effect on the formation of the surface nanostructures. At low PS grafting density, sparsely distributed s-micelles are produced, and at high density, densely distributed s-micelles are observed. Based on transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy results, a surface phase diagram is constructed, which provides a guide to the surface morphology control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Shi
- College of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tianshun Bian
- College of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Li Liu
- College of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hanying Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Li M, Pester CW. Mixed Polymer Brushes for "Smart" Surfaces. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1553. [PMID: 32668820 PMCID: PMC7408536 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed polymer brushes (MPBs) are composed of two or more disparate polymers covalently tethered to a substrate. The resulting phase segregated morphologies have been extensively studied as responsive "smart" materials, as they can be reversible tuned and switched by external stimuli. Both computational and experimental work has attempted to establish an understanding of the resulting nanostructures that vary as a function of many factors. This contribution highlights state-of-the-art MPBs studies, covering synthetic approaches, phase behavior, responsiveness to external stimuli as well as novel applications of MPBs. Current limitations are recognized and possible directions for future studies are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
| | - Christian W. Pester
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Ching JY, Huang BJ, Hsu YT, Khung YL. Anti-Adhesion Behavior from Ring-Strain Amine Cyclic Monolayers Grafted on Silicon (111) Surfaces. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8758. [PMID: 32472042 PMCID: PMC7260185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65710-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this manuscript, a series of amine tagged short cyclic molecules (cyclopropylamine, cyclobutylamine, cyclopentylamine and cyclohexylamine) were thermally grafted onto p-type silicon (111) hydride surfaces via nucleophilic addition. The chemistries of these grafting were verified via XPS, AFM and sessile droplet measurements. Confocal microscopy and cell viability assay was performed on these surfaces incubated for 24 hours with triple negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB 231), gastric adenocarcinoma cells (AGS) endometrial adenocarcinoma (Hec1A). All cell types had shown a significant reduction when incubated on these ring-strain cyclic monolayer surfaces than compared to standard controls. The expression level of focal adhesion proteins (vinculin, paxilin, talin and zyxin) were subsequently quantified for all three cell types via qPCR analysis. Cells incubate on these surface grafting were observed to have reduced levels of adhesion protein expression than compared to positive controls (collagen coating and APTES). A potential application of these anti-adhesive surfaces is the maintenance of the chondrocyte phenotype during in-vitro cell expansion. Articular chondrocytes cultured for 6 days on ring strained cyclopropane-modified surfaces was able to proliferate but had maintained a spheroid/aggregated phenotype with higher COL2A1 and ACAN gene expression. Herein, these findings had help promote grafting of cyclic monolayers as an viable alternative for producing antifouling surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yuan Ching
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Brian J Huang
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.,Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yit Lung Khung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Bratek-Skicki A. Design of Ultra-Thin PEO/PDMAEMA Polymer Coatings for Tunable Protein Adsorption. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E660. [PMID: 32183463 PMCID: PMC7183053 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein adsorption on solid surfaces provides either beneficial or adverse outcomes, depending on the application. Therefore, the desire to predict, control, and regulate protein adsorption on different surfaces is a major concern in the field of biomaterials. The most widely used surface modification approach to prevent or limit protein adsorption is based on the use of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO). On the other hand, the amount of protein adsorbed on poly(2-(dimethylamine)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) coatings can be regulated by the pH and ionic strength of the medium. In this work, ultra-thin PEO/PDMAEMA coatings were designed from solutions with different ratios of PEO to PDMAEMA, and different molar masses of PEO, to reversibly adsorb and desorb human serum albumin (HSA), human fibrinogen (Fb), lysozyme (Lys), and avidine (Av), four very different proteins in terms of size, shape, and isoelectric points. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the mixed polymer coatings, revealing the presence of both polymers in the layers, in variable proportions according to the chosen parameters. Protein adsorption at pH 7.4 and salt concentrations of 10-3 M was monitored by QCM. Lys and Av did not adsorb on the homo-coatings and the mixed coatings. The amount of HSA and Fb adsorbed decreased with increasing the PEO ratio or its molar mass in a grafting solution. It was demonstrated that HSA and Fb, which were adsorbed at pH 7.4 and at an ionic strength of 10-3 M, can be fully desorbed by rinsing with a sodium chloride solution at pH 9.0 and ionic strength 0.15 M from the mixed PEO5/PDMAEMA coatings with PEO/PDMAEMA mass ratios of 70/30, and 50/50, respectively. The results demonstrate that mixed PEO/PDMAEMA coatings allow protein adsorption to be finely tuned on solid surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bratek-Skicki
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1, bte L4.01.10, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL30239 Krakow, Poland
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Ogawa H, Nakaji-Hirabayashi T, Matsumura K, Yoshikawa C, Kitano H, Saruwatari Y. Novel anti-biofouling and drug releasing materials for contact lenses. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 189:110859. [PMID: 32086022 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Contact lens users very often become patients of allergic conjunctivitis, which is caused by protein and bacteria adsorption to the eye, because contact lenses easily adsorb proteins and bacteria. However, even if contact lens users develop eye diseases such as allergic conjunctivitis, most of them continue to use contact lenses to avoid interference to daily life or a decrease in their quality of life. If novel contact lenses able to prevent and additionally cure eye diseases can be manufactured, they could improve the quality of life of contact lens users worldwide. Thus, we aim to develop a novel material for contact lenses to prevent diseases by incorporating a zwitterionic polymer with the ability to suppress protein and bacteria adsorption. In addition, we also aim to effectively introduce and release a drug against allergic conjunctivitis from the contact lens material. Because the poorly water-soluble drug for allergic conjunctivitis (pranoprofen) forms a rigid crystal structure, we developed the novel "hot-melt press method" to construct a contact lens able to effectively release it. In the present study, polymer sheets containing carboxymethyl betaine (a kind of zwitterionic monomer), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone were prepared using three different procedures. The sheets were hydrophilic and showed a strong resistance against protein and bacteria adsorption. The sheets prepared by the hot-melt press method were transparent and seemed to have potential as a material for contact lenses. In addition, the drug introduced into the sheets during preparation was observed to release at a practically appropriate dose. Therefore, it is expected that the sheets could possibly be used as a material for contact lenses which not only protect against the development of eye trouble due to protein and bacterial adsorption, but also heal allergic conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakaji-Hirabayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan; Department of Advanced Nano-bioscience, Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute of Material Science, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Matsumura
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Chiaki Yoshikawa
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute of Material Science, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kitano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan; R and D Head Office, Institute for Polymer-Water Interfaces, Toyama 939-2376, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Saruwatari
- Business Operation Division, Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Ltd., Osaka 541-0052, Japan
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Chen L, Li P, Lu X, Wang S, Zheng Z. Binary polymer brush patterns from facile initiator stickiness for cell culturing. Faraday Discuss 2019; 219:189-202. [PMID: 31317169 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00013e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a new initiator stickiness method to fabricate micropatterned binary polymer brush surfaces, which are ideal platforms for studying cell adhesion behavior. The atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator, ω-mercaptoundecyl bromoisobutyrate (MUDBr), is found to adsorb on several hosting polymer brushes, including poly[oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate] (POEGMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), and poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) brushes. Based on the initiator stickiness, micropatterned initiator molecules are printed onto a layer of homogenous hosting polymer brushes via microcontact printing (μCP), and then, vertically, a patterned second layer of polymer brushes is grown from the initiator areas. With this simple, fast, and additive method, we demonstrate the fabrication of various binary polymer brushes, and show their applications for patterning cell microarrays and controlling cell orientation. This new approach to generating binary polymer brushes shows great potential for the manipulation of interfacial phenomena, facilitating a range of applications from semiconductors and lubrication to fundamental cell biology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Chen
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
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Wang CG, Yong HW, Goto A. Effective Synthesis of Patterned Polymer Brushes with Tailored Multiple Graft Densities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:14478-14484. [PMID: 30938500 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b03570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports an effective method to prepare patterned polymer brushes on surfaces with tailored graft densities. High-density (concentrated), moderate-density (semidiluted), and low-density (diluted) polymer brushes were fabricated in patterned manners, offering defined three-dimensional patterned structures. This method uses a middle/near-UV (≥250 nm) lamp and needs only a short time (≤10 min) to fabricate prepatterns of the initiator, in sharp contrast to the previous high-energy lithography and time-consuming processes. The obtained patterned brush served as a molecular (protein) repellent/adsorptive interface based on a graft-density-dependent size-exclusion effect. This method is facile and accessible to wide ranges of tunable density and pattern shapes, which are attractive for extensive use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Gang Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 Singapore
| | - Hui Wen Yong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 Singapore
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 Singapore
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Yamazawa Y, Kato H, Nakaji-Hirabayashi T, Yoshikawa C, Kitano H, Ohno K, Saruwatari Y, Matsuoka K. Bioinactive semi-interpenetrating network gel layers: zwitterionic polymer chains incorporated in a cross-linked polymer brush. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03228a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A thin gel layer with thermo-responsive polymer brushes and semi-interpenetrating PCMB exhibited the switching of bio-inert properties depending on temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Yamazawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-8555
- Japan
| | - Hibiki Kato
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-8555
- Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakaji-Hirabayashi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-8555
- Japan
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Sciences
| | - Chiaki Yoshikawa
- International Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics
- National Institute of Material Science
- Ibaraki 305-0047
- Japan
| | - Hiromi Kitano
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- University of Toyama
- Toyama 930-8555
- Japan
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Sciences
| | - Kohji Ohno
- Institute for Chemical Research
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
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