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Xiao X, Huang J. Enzyme-Responsive Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Small Amphiphiles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39018035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Enzyme-responsive molecular assemblies have recently made remarkable progress, owing to their widespread applications. As a class of catalysts with high specificity and efficiency, enzymes play a critical role in producing new molecules and maintaining metabolic stability in living organisms. Therefore, the study of enzyme-responsive assembly aids in understanding the origin of life and the physiological processes occurring within living bodies, contributing to further advancements across various disciplines. In this Review, we summarize three kinds of enzyme-responsive assembly systems in amphiphiles: enzyme-triggered assembly, disassembly, and structural transformation. Furthermore, motivated by the fact that biological macromolecules and complex structures all originated with small molecules, our focus lies on the small amphiphiles (e.g., peptides, surfactants, fluorescent molecules, and drug molecules). We also provide an outlook on the potential of enzyme-responsive assembly systems for biomimetic development and hope this Review will attract more attention to this emerging research branch at the intersection of assembly chemistry and biological science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Jianbin Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
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Cheng S, Khan M, Yin F, Ma C, Yuan J, Jiang T, Liu X, Hu Q. Surface-anchored liquid crystal droplets for the semi-quantitative detection of Aflatoxin B1 in food samples. Food Chem 2022; 390:133202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhao M, Luo L, Guo Y, Zhao B, Chen X, Shi X, Khan M, Lin JM, Hu Q. Viscosity-Based Flow Sensor on Paper for Quantitative and Label-Free Detection of α-Amylase and Its Inhibitor. ACS Sens 2022; 7:593-600. [PMID: 35050602 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
α-Amylase (AMS) in human serum is a critical biomarker for the early diagnosis of pancreatic damage. In addition, the inhibition of α-amylase has long been thought to decrease the occurrence of diabetes. Thus, it is critical to construct a facile and convenient method for the determination of AMS and its inhibitor. In this study, we demonstrate a novel amylase sensor based on translating the viscosity change of the aqueous solution into the difference of the water diffusion length on a pH paper strip. AMS can be quantitatively detected by measuring the viscosity change of the amylopectin solution in the presence of AMS with different concentrations. The paper-based AMS sensor has a very high sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.017 U/mL and also shows excellent specificity. In addition, the inhibitory effect of acarbose on AMS is demonstrated with the IC50 value determined to be 21.66 ± 1.13 μg/mL. Furthermore, it is also evaluated for the detection of AMS in human serum samples of healthy people and acute pancreatitis patients. The difference in amylase levels between the two groups is unambiguously distinguished. Overall, this study provides a very simple, cost-effective, equipment-free, high-throughput, and label-free method for rapid and quantitative detection of α-amylase and may have significant applications in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and the screening of AMS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Limei Luo
- Maternal and Child Health Development Research Center, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yongxian Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Binglu Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xingang Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Mashooq Khan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiongzheng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
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Mohammad AT, Abbas WR. Liquid crystal behavior, photoluminescence and gas sensing: A new series of ionic liquid crystal imidazole and benzoimidazole bearing chalcone groups, synthesis and characterization. RSC Adv 2021; 11:38444-38456. [PMID: 35493216 PMCID: PMC9044318 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07731g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new series of chalcones containing imidazole bromonium and benzimidazole bromonium salts with spacer alkyl chains (C n , n = 2 and 4) were synthesized and the chemical structure, thermal behavior, photoluminescence and gas sensing were characterized by several technical methods. The studies have indicated similar mesomorphic properties of the synthesized compounds, dependent on the terminal alkyl-chain and lengths of the alkoxy-spacer. Almost compounds with shorter alky chains, 4a-4e, 5a-5c, 6a-6c and 7a-7d, did not show liquid crystal properties, while the results of other compounds confirm the existence of smectic A in cooling and heating cycles. Photoluminescence of compounds 5a-5i and 7a-7i was also studied. The emission in the blue region reveals that the material has blue light emission properties. Sensing behavior of compounds 4i and 5i was investigated for NH3 and NO2 gases. The sensors exhibited high sensitivity toward NH3, while sensitivity toward the oxidizing gas NO2 is lower.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wahaj Raed Abbas
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, University of Anbar Ramadi Iraq +9647832575081
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Khan M, Liu S, Qi L, Ma C, Munir S, Yu L, Hu Q. Liquid crystal-based sensors for the detection of biomarkers at the aqueous/LC interface. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Liquid crystal-based biosensors as lab-on-chip tools: Promising for future on-site detection test kits. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Sun H, Yin F, Liu X, Jiang T, Ma Y, Gao G, Shi J, Hu Q. Development of a liquid crystal-based α-glucosidase assay to detect anti-diabetic drugs. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Wang Z, Xu T, Noel A, Chen YC, Liu T. Applications of liquid crystals in biosensing. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:4675-4702. [PMID: 33978639 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02088e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystals (LCs), as a promising branch of highly-sensitive, quick-response, and low-cost materials, are widely applied to the detection of weak external stimuli and have attracted significant attention. Over the past decade, many research groups have been devoted to developing LC-based biosensors due to their self-assembly potential and functional diversity. In this paper, recent investigations on the design and application of LC-based biosensors are reviewed, based on the phenomenon that the orientation of LCs can be directly influenced by the interactions between biomolecules and LC molecules. The sensing principle of LC-based biosensors, as well as their signal detection by probing interfacial interactions, is described to convert, amplify, and quantify the information from targets into optical and electrical parameters. Furthermore, commonly-used LC biosensing targets are introduced, including glucose, proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids, cells, microorganisms, ions, and other micromolecules that are critical to human health. Due to their self-assembly potential, chemical diversity, and high sensitivity, it has been reported that tunable stimuli-responsive LC biosensors show bright perspectives and high superiorities in biological applications. Finally, challenges and future prospects are discussed for the fabrication and application of LC biosensors to both enhance their performance and to realize their promise in the biosensing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyihui Wang
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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Hong PTK, Jang CH. Simple, sensitive technique for α-amylase detection facilitated by liquid crystal-based microcapillary sensors. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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ZHANG RH, HU QZ, KANG Q, QI LB, PANG YP, YU L. Research on Competitive Enzymatic Hydrolysis-Assisted Liquid Crystal-based Acetylcholine Sensor. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(20)60081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ma H, Zhang R, Kang Q, Wang T, Xiao J, Li X, Yu L. A new strategy for the detection and discrimination of sulfhydryl amino acids through liquid crystals sensing platform with Cu(ClO4)2. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Verma I, Devi M, Sharma D, Nandi R, Pal SK. Liquid Crystal based Detection of Pb(II) Ions Using Spinach RNA as Recognition Probe. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:7816-7823. [PMID: 31117720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report a new method for label-free, sensitive, and facile detection of lead(II) ions (Pb2+) based on an aptamer-target binding event, which is recognized by orientations of liquid crystals (LCs) at aqueous interfaces. The LC film suspended in the aqueous phase demonstrated a homeotropic orientation in contact with a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) due to self-assembly of CTAB molecules at the aqueous-LC interface. The ordering of LC subsequently changed to planar in the presence of the spinach RNA aptamer (SRNA) due to interactions between CTAB and SRNA. In the presence of the Pb2+ ion, the ordering of LC changed to homeotropic caused by reorganization of CTAB at the LC-aqueous interface. This is due to formation of more stable quadruplex structures of SRNA with Pb2+ ions in comparison to the CTAB-SRNA complex. The sensor exhibited a detection limit of 3 nM, which is well below the permissible limit of Pb2+ in drinking water. Our experiments establish that addition of Pb2+ leads to (i) the formation of Pb2+-SRNA complexes and (ii) a decrease in density of SRNA on the LC interface, but additional studies are required to determine which of these processes underlie the response of the LCs to the Pb2+. We have also demonstrated the potential application of the LC sensor for detection of Pb2+ in tap water. Unlike current laboratory-based heavy-metal-ion assays, this method is comparatively simple in terms of instrumentation, operation, and optical readout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Verma
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISERM) , Knowledge City, Sector-81 , SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306 , India
| | - Manisha Devi
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISERM) , Knowledge City, Sector-81 , SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306 , India
| | - Diksha Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISERM) , Knowledge City, Sector-81 , SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306 , India
| | - Rajib Nandi
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISERM) , Knowledge City, Sector-81 , SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306 , India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISERM) , Knowledge City, Sector-81 , SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306 , India
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Hsiao HY, Chen RLC, Chou CC, Cheng TJ. Hand-held Colorimetry Sensor Platform for Determining Salivary α-Amylase Activity and Its Applications for Stress Assessment. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19071571. [PMID: 30939788 PMCID: PMC6479482 DOI: 10.3390/s19071571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study develops a hand-held stress assessment meter with a chemically colorimetric strip for determining salivary α-amylase activity, using a 3,5 dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay to quantify the reducing sugar released from soluble starch via α-amylase hydrolysis. The colorimetric reaction is produced by heating the strip with a mini polyester heater plate at boiling temperature to form a brick red colored product, which measured at 525 nm wavelength. This investigation describes in detail the design, construction, and performance evaluation of a hand-held α-amylase activity colorimeter with a light emitted diode (LED) and photo-detector with built-in filters. The dimensions and mass of the proposed prototype are only 120 × 60 × 60 mm3 and 200 g, respectively. This prototype has an excellent correlation coefficient (>0.995), comparable with a commercial ultraviolet–visible spectroscope, and has a measurable α-amylase activity range of 0.1–1.0 U mL−1. The hand-held device can measure the salivary α-amylase activity with only 5 μL of saliva within 12 min of testing. This sensor platform effectively demonstrates that the level of salivary α-amylase activity increases more significantly than serum cortisol, the other physiological stressor biomarker, under physiologically stressful exercise conditions. Thus, this work demonstrates that the hand-held α-amylase activity meter is an easy to use and cost-effective stress assessment tool for psychoneuroendocrinology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Yi Hsiao
- Department of Bio-industrial Mechatronics Engineering, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100617, Taiwan.
| | - Richie L C Chen
- Department of Bio-industrial Mechatronics Engineering, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100617, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Chi Chou
- Department of Bio-industrial Mechatronics Engineering, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100617, Taiwan.
| | - Tzong-Jih Cheng
- Department of Bio-industrial Mechatronics Engineering, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100617, Taiwan.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan.
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