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Xie B, Xie H. Application of stimuli-responsive hydrogel in brain disease treatment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1450267. [PMID: 39091971 PMCID: PMC11291207 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1450267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Treating brain diseases presents significant challenges due to neuronal degeneration, inflammation, and the intricate nature of the brain. Stimuli-responsive hydrogels, designed to closely resemble the brain's extracellular matrix, have emerged as promising candidates for controlled drug delivery and tissue engineering. These hydrogels have the unique ability to encapsulate therapeutic agents and release them in a controlled manner when triggered by environmental stimuli. This property makes them particularly suitable for delivering drugs precisely to targeted areas of the brain, while minimizing collateral damage to healthy tissue. Their preclinical success in treating various brain diseases in animal studies underscores their translational potential for human brain disease treatment. However, a deeper understanding of their long-term behavior, biodistribution, and biocompatibility within the brain remains crucial. Furthermore, exploring novel hydrogel systems and therapeutic combinations is paramount for advancing towards more effective treatments. This review summarizes the latest advancements in this field over the past 5 years, specifically highlighting preclinical progress with novel stimuli-responsive hydrogels for treating brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Xie
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Huangfan Xie
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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2
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Singh A, Rakshit D, Kumar A, Mishra A, Shukla R. Formulation and Characterization of Silibinin Entrapped Nano-Liquid Crystals for Activity against Aβ 1-42 Neurotoxicity in In-Vivo Model. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:149. [PMID: 38954224 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02859-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Silibinin (SIL) Encapsulated Nanoliquid Crystalline (SIL-NLCs) particles were prepared to study neuroprotective effect against amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) neurotoxicity in Balb/c mice model. Theses NLCs were prepared through hot emulsification and probe sonication technique. The pharmacodynamics was investigatigated on Aβ1-42 intracerebroventricular (ICV) injected Balb/c mice. The particle size, zeta potential and drug loading were optimized to be 153 ± 2.5 nm, -21 mV, and 8.2%, respectively. Small angle X-ray (SAXS) and electron microscopy revealed to crystalline shape of SIL-NLCs. Thioflavin T (ThT) fluroscence and circular dichroism (CD) technique were employed to understand monomer inhibition effect of SIL-NLCs on Aβ1-4. In neurobehavioral studies, SIL-NLCs exhibited enhanced mitigation of memory impairment induced on by Aβ1-42 in T-maze and new object recognition test (NORT). Whereas biochemical and histopathological estimation of brain samples showed reduction in level of Aβ1-42 aggregate, acetylcholine esterase (ACHE) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). SIL-NLCs treated animal group showed higher protection against Aβ1-42 toxicity compared to free SIL and Donopezil (DPZ). Therefore SIL-NLCs promises great prospect in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Raebareli, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226002, India
| | - Debarati Rakshit
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam-781101, India
| | - Ankit Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam-781101, India
| | - Awanish Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam-781101, India
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Raebareli, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226002, India.
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Wang M, Ma X, Zong S, Su Y, Su R, Zhang H, Liu Y, Wang C, Li Y. The prescription design and key properties of nasal gel for CNS drug delivery: A review. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 192:106623. [PMID: 37890640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are among the major health problems. However, blood-brain barrier (BBB) makes traditional oral and intravenous delivery of CNS drugs inefficient. The unique direct connection between the nose and the brain makes nasal administration a great potential advantage in CNS drugs delivery. However, nasal mucociliary clearance (NMCC) limits the development of drug delivery systems. Appropriate nasal gel viscosity alleviates NMCC to a certain extent, gels based on gellan gum, chitosan, carbomer, cellulose and poloxamer have been widely reported. However, nasal gel formulation design and key properties for alleviating NMCC have not been clearly discussed. This article summarizes gel formulations of different polymers in existing nasal gel systems, and attempts to provide a basis for researchers to conduct in-depth research on the key characteristics of gel matrix against NMCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- Pharmacy College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Xinyu Ma
- Pharmacy College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Shiyu Zong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Drug Delivery, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China
| | - Yaqiong Su
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Rui Su
- Pharmacy College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Pharmacy College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Drug Delivery, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Drug Delivery, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China
| | - Chunliu Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Drug Delivery, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China.
| | - Ye Li
- Pharmacy College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Drug Delivery, Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710001, China.
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Patharapankal EJ, Ajiboye AL, Mattern C, Trivedi V. Nose-to-Brain (N2B) Delivery: An Alternative Route for the Delivery of Biologics in the Management and Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:66. [PMID: 38258077 PMCID: PMC10818989 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there have been a growing number of small and large molecules that could be used to treat diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Nose-to-brain delivery can be a potential option for the direct transport of molecules from the nasal cavity to different brain areas. This review aims to provide a compilation of current approaches regarding drug delivery to the CNS via the nose, with a focus on biologics. The review also includes a discussion on the key benefits of nasal delivery as a promising alternative route for drug administration and the involved pathways or mechanisms. This article reviews how the application of various auxiliary agents, such as permeation enhancers, mucolytics, in situ gelling/mucoadhesive agents, enzyme inhibitors, and polymeric and lipid-based systems, can promote the delivery of large molecules in the CNS. The article also includes a discussion on the current state of intranasal formulation development and summarizes the biologics currently in clinical trials. It was noted that significant progress has been made in this field, and these are currently being applied to successfully transport large molecules to the CNS via the nose. However, a deep mechanistic understanding of this route, along with the intimate knowledge of various excipients and their interactions with the drug and nasal physiology, is still necessary to bring us one step closer to developing effective formulations for nasal-brain drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J. Patharapankal
- Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Canterbury ME4 4TB, UK; (E.J.P.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Adejumoke Lara Ajiboye
- Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Canterbury ME4 4TB, UK; (E.J.P.); (A.L.A.)
| | | | - Vivek Trivedi
- Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Canterbury ME4 4TB, UK; (E.J.P.); (A.L.A.)
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Sah A, Aggarwal G, Jain GK, Zaidi SMA, Naseef PP, Kuruniyan MS, Zakir F. Design and Development of a Topical Nanogel Formulation Comprising of a Unani Medicinal Agent for the Management of Pain. Gels 2023; 9:794. [PMID: 37888367 PMCID: PMC10606395 DOI: 10.3390/gels9100794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The oil of the Unani medicinal herb Baboona (Matricaria chamomilla) has shown potential in the management of pain. However, predicaments such as poor skin penetration, skin sensitization, liable to degradation, and volatile nature restrict its use. Therefore, our group for the first time has developed a carrier-based delivery system to facilitate the direct application of chamomile oil to the forehead. The developed nanogel was characterized for physical parameters such as compatibility, TEM, and stability studies. Further, it was also evaluated for pH, viscosity, spread ability, and extrudability, as well as through texture analyses, in vitro studies, and skin irritation tests. The formulation was successfully developed with all the necessary attributes. The in vitro studies revealed the enhanced skin penetration of chamomile oil nanogel. The in vivo studies were also performed in chemically induced pain models, mimicking migraine. The studies show significant improvement of the pain threshold for chamomile nanogel when compared to the positive control group and the results were comparable to marketed diclofenac formulations. Finally, the encapsulation into nanogel reduced the skin irritation property. The nanogel formulation showed promising effects in the pain management of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-3, M.B. Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Geeta Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-3, M.B. Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi 110017, India;
| | - Gaurav K. Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-3, M.B. Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Syed Mohammad Abbas Zaidi
- Department of Moalajat (Internal Medicine), Hakim Syed Zia ul Hasan (HSZH) Govt. Unani Medical College, Bhopal 462003, India
| | | | - Mohamed S. Kuruniyan
- Department of Dental Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Foziyah Zakir
- Department of B.Pharm (Ayurveda), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-3, M.B. Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi 110017, India
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6
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Pandya AK, Vora LK, Umeyor C, Surve D, Patel A, Biswas S, Patel K, Patravale VB. Polymeric in situ forming depots for long-acting drug delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115003. [PMID: 37422267 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric in situ forming depots have emerged as highly promising drug delivery systems for long-acting applications. Their effectiveness is attributed to essential characteristics such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and the ability to form a stable gel or solid upon injection. Moreover, they provide added versatility by complementing existing polymeric drug delivery systems like micro- and nanoparticles. The formulation's low viscosity facilitates manufacturing unit operations and enhances delivery efficiency, as it can be easily administered via hypodermic needles. The release mechanism of drugs from these systems can be predetermined using various functional polymers. To enable unique depot design, numerous strategies involving physiological and chemical stimuli have been explored. Important assessment criteria for in situ forming depots include biocompatibility, gel strength and syringeability, texture, biodegradation, release profile, and sterility. This review focuses on the fabrication approaches, key evaluation parameters, and pharmaceutical applications of in situ forming depots, considering perspectives from academia and industry. Additionally, insights about the future prospects of this technology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali K Pandya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400 019, India; School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Chukwuebuka Umeyor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400 019, India; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka 422001, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Dhanashree Surve
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Akanksha Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Swati Biswas
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Ketankumar Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Vandana B Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400 019, India.
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Mfoafo K, Omidi Y, Omidian H. Thermoresponsive mucoadhesive hybrid gels in advanced drug delivery systems. Int J Pharm 2023; 636:122799. [PMID: 36914019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymers have seen extensive use in the development of stimuli-responsive drug formulations for oral, buccal, nasal, ocular, topical, rectal, parenteral, and vaginal routes of administration. Despite their great potential, their use has been limited by various obstacles, such as undesirable high polymer concentration, wide gelation temperature, low gel strength, poor mucoadhesiveness, and short retention. Mucoadhesive polymers have been suggested to improve the mucoadhesive features of thermoresponsive gels, leading to increased drug bioavailability and efficacy. This article highlights the use of in-situ thermoresponsive mucoadhesive hydrogel blends or hybrids that have been developed and assessed in various routes of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwadwo Mfoafo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Hossein Omidian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
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8
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Application of Intranasal Administration in the Delivery of Antidepressant Active Ingredients. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102070. [PMID: 36297505 PMCID: PMC9611373 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a mental disease in modern society, depression shows an increasing occurrence, with low cure rate and high recurrence rate. It has become the most disabling disease in the world. At present, the treatment of depression is mainly based on drug therapy combined with psychological therapy, physical therapy, and other adjuvant therapy methods. Antidepressants are primarily administered peripherally (oral and intravenous) and have a slow onset of action. Antidepressant active ingredients, such as neuropeptides, natural active ingredients, and some chemical agents, are limited by factors such as the blood–brain barrier (BBB), first-pass metabolism, and extensive adverse effects caused by systemic administration. The potential anatomical link between the non-invasive nose–brain pathway and the lesion site of depression may provide a more attractive option for the delivery of antidepressant active ingredients. The purpose of this article is to describe the specific link between intranasal administration and depression, the challenges of intranasal administration, as well as studies of intranasal administration of antidepressant active ingredients.
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Fatima S, Ali M, Quadri SN, Beg S, Samim M, Parvez S, Abdin MZ, Mishra P, Ahmad FJ. Crafting ɣ-L-Glutamyl-l-Cysteine layered Human Serum Albumin-nanoconstructs for brain targeted delivery of ropinirole to attenuate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via "3A approach". Biomaterials 2022; 289:121805. [PMID: 36162213 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of Ischemic Stroke is inordinately challenging due to its complex aetiology and constraints in shuttling therapeutics across blood-brain barrier. Ropinirole hydrochloride (Rp), a propitious neuroprotectant with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties (3A) is repurposed for remedying ischemic stroke and reperfusion (I/R) injury. The drug's low bioavailability in brain however, limits its therapeutic efficacy. The current research work has reported sub-100 nm gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-Cysteine coated Human Serum Albumin nanoparticles encapsulating Rp (C-Rp-NPs) for active targeting in ischemic brain to encourage in situ activity and reduce unwanted toxicities. Confocal microscopy and brain distribution studies confirmed the enhanced targeting potentiality of optimized C-Rp-NPs. The pharmacokinetics elucidated that C-Rp-NPs could extend Rp retention in systemic circulation and escalate bioavailability compared with free Rp solution (Rp-S). Additionally, therapeutic assessment in transient middle cerebral occlusion (tMCAO) model suggested that C-Rp-NPs attenuated the progression of I/R injury with boosted therapeutic index at 1000 times less concentration compared to Rp-S via reinstating neurological and behavioral deficits, while reducing ischemic neuronal damage. Moreover, C-Rp-NPs blocked mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mtPTP), disrupted apoptotic mechanisms, curbed oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and elevated dopamine levels post tMCAO. Thus, our work throws light on fabrication of rationally designed C-Rp-NPs with enormous clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mubashshir Ali
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Syed Naved Quadri
- Centre for Transgenic Plant Development (CTPD), Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sarwar Beg
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - M Samim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Malik Zainul Abdin
- Centre for Transgenic Plant Development (CTPD), Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Farhan Jalees Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Gul M, Shah FA, Sahar NU, Malik I, Din FU, Khan SA, Aman W, Choi HI, Lim CW, Noh HY, Noh JS, Zeb A, Kim JK. Formulation optimization, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of agomelatine-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for augmented antidepressant effects. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 216:112537. [PMID: 35561634 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study was intended to prepare and optimize agomelatine-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (AGM-NLCs) for augmented in vivo antidepressant potential. AGM-NLCs were optimized on several parameters including cumulative hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of surfactants, proportions of solid and liquid lipids, total amounts of drug and surfactants. AGM-NLCs were assessed for their physicochemical properties, in vitro AGM release and in vivo antidepressant effects in mice model. The optimized AGM-NLCs demonstrated spherical morphology with average particle size of 99.8 ± 2.6 nm, PDI of 0.142 ± 0.017, zeta potential of - 23.2 ± 1.2 mV and entrapment efficiency of 97.1 ± 2.1%. Thermal and crystallinity studies depict amorphous nature of AGM after its incorporation into NLCs. AGM-NLCs exhibit a sustained drug release profile after initial 2 h. Mice treated with AGM-NLCs exhibited reduced immobility time in behavioral analysis. Furthermore, cresyl violet staining demonstrated an improved neuronal morphology and survival in AGM-NLCs group. The concentrations and the expression of inflammatory markers (TNF-α and COX-2) in mice brain were significantly reduced by AGM-NLCs. Taken together, therapeutic effectiveness of AGM was markedly augmented in AGM-NLCs and thereby they could be promising nanocarriers for the effective delivery of antidepressants to brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maleeha Gul
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fawad Ali Shah
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Najam-Us Sahar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Imran Malik
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Ud Din
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmad Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Aman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ho-Ik Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Wan Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Yeon Noh
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Su Noh
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Alam Zeb
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Jin-Ki Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Multiple Roles of Chitosan in Mucosal Drug Delivery: An Updated Review. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050335. [PMID: 35621986 PMCID: PMC9146108 DOI: 10.3390/md20050335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is a linear polysaccharide obtained by the deacetylation of chitin, which, after cellulose, is the second biopolymer most abundant in nature, being the primary component of the exoskeleton of crustaceans and insects. Since joining the pharmaceutical field, in the early 1990s, CS attracted great interest, which has constantly increased over the years, due to its several beneficial and favorable features, including large availability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, simplicity of chemical modifications, mucoadhesion and permeation enhancer power, joined to its capability of forming films, hydrogels and micro- and nanoparticles. Moreover, its cationic character, which renders it unique among biodegradable polymers, is responsible for the ability of CS to strongly interact with different types of molecules and for its intrinsic antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and hemostatic activities. However, its pH-dependent solubility and susceptibility to ions presence may represent serious drawbacks and require suitable strategies to be overcome. Presently, CS and its derivatives are widely investigated for a great variety of pharmaceutical applications, particularly in drug delivery. Among the alternative routes to overcome the problems related to the classic oral drug administration, the mucosal route is becoming the favorite non-invasive delivery pathway. This review aims to provide an updated overview of the applications of CS and its derivatives in novel formulations intended for different methods of mucosal drug delivery.
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Box-Behnken design optimized silibinin loaded glycerylmonooleate nanoliquid crystal for brain targeting. Chem Phys Lipids 2022; 244:105193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2022.105193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Hydrogel Containing Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded with Argan Oil and Simvastatin: Preparation, In Vitro and Ex Vivo Assessment. Gels 2022; 8:gels8050277. [PMID: 35621575 PMCID: PMC9140805 DOI: 10.3390/gels8050277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transdermal hydrogels have the potential to improve therapeutic outcomes via enhancing bioavailability and reducing toxicity associated with oral delivery. The goal of the present study was to formulate and optimise argan oil loaded transdermal hydrogel containing lipid nanoparticles. The high pressure homogenization (HPH) method was utilised to fabricate Simvastatin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SIM-SLNs) with precirol ATO 5 as a lipid core and Poloxamer 407 (P407) to stabilise the core. The optimised nanoformulation was characterised for its particle diameter, zeta potential, surface morphology, entrapment efficiency, crystallinity and molecular interaction. Furthermore, transdermal hydrogel was characterised for physical appearance, rheology, pH, bio adhesion, extrudability, spreadability and safety profile. In vitro and ex vivo assays were executed to gauge the potential of SLNs and argan oil for transdermal delivery. The mean particle size, zeta potential and polydispersity index (PDI) of the optimised nanoparticles were 205 nm, −16.6 mV and 0.127, respectively. Crystallinity studies and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed no molecular interaction. The in vitro release model explains anomalous non-Fickian release of drug from matrix system. Ex vivo skin penetration studies conducted through a fluorescence microscope confirmed penetration of the formulation across the stratum corneum. Hydrogel plays a crucial role in controlling the burst release and imparting the effect of argan oil as hypolipidemic agent and permeation enhancer.
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Ansari MD, Saifi Z, Pandit J, Khan I, Solanki P, Sultana Y, Aqil M. Spanlastics a Novel Nanovesicular Carrier: Its Potential Application and Emerging Trends in Therapeutic Delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:112. [PMID: 35411425 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02217-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based drug delivery system has played a very crucial role in overpowering the tasks allied with the conventional dosage form. Spanlastics, an elastic nanovesicle with an ability to carry wide range of drug molecules, make it a potential drug delivery carrier. Spanlastics have extended rising curiosity for diverse sort of route of administration. They can squeeze themselves through the skin pore due to elastic and deformable nature which makes them favorable for transdermal delivery. Spanlastics consist of non-ionic surfactant or blend of surfactants. Many researchers proved that spanlastics have been significantly augment therapeutic efficacy, enhanced drug bioavailability, and reduced drug toxicity. This review summarizes various vesicular systems, composition and structure of spanlastics, advantages of spanlastics over other drug delivery systems, and mechanism of drug penetration through skin. It also gives a brief on different types of drug encapsulated in spanlastics vesicles for the treatment of various diseases.
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Drug Nanocrystals: Focus on Brain Delivery from Therapeutic to Diagnostic Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040691. [PMID: 35456525 PMCID: PMC9024479 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new drugs is often hindered by low solubility in water, a problem common to nearly 90% of natural and/or synthetic molecules in the discovery pipeline. Nanocrystalline drug technology involves the reduction in the bulk particle size down to the nanosize range, thus modifying its physico-chemical properties with beneficial effects on drug bioavailability. Nanocrystals (NCs) are carrier-free drug particles surrounded by a stabilizer and suspended in an aqueous medium. Due to high drug loading, NCs maintain a potent therapeutic concentration to produce desirable pharmacological action, particularly useful in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In addition to the therapeutic purpose, NC technology can be applied for diagnostic scope. This review aims to provide an overview of NC application by different administration routes, especially focusing on brain targeting, and with a particular attention to therapeutic and diagnostic fields. NC therapeutic applications are analyzed for the most common CNS pathologies (i.e., Parkinson’s disease, psychosis, Alzheimer’s disease, etc.). Recently, a growing interest has emerged from the use of colloidal fluorescent NCs for brain diagnostics. Therefore, the use of NCs in the imaging of brain vessels and tumor cells is also discussed. Finally, the clinical effectiveness of NCs is leading to an increasing number of FDA-approved products, among which the NCs approved for neurological disorders have increased.
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Ansari MD, khan I, Solanki P, Pandit J, Jahan RN, Aqil M, Sultana Y. Fabrication and optimization of raloxifene loaded spanlastics vesicle for transdermal delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Chen Y, Lee JH, Meng M, Cui N, Dai CY, Jia Q, Lee ES, Jiang HB. An Overview on Thermosensitive Oral Gel Based on Poloxamer 407. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14164522. [PMID: 34443046 PMCID: PMC8399853 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we describe the application of thermosensitive hydrogels composed of poloxamer in medicine, especially for oral cavities. Thermosensitive hydrogels remain fluid at room temperature; at body temperature, they become more viscous gels. In this manner, the gelling system can remain localized for considerable durations and control and prolong drug release. The chemical structure of the poloxamer triblock copolymer leads to an amphiphilic aqueous solution and an active surface. Moreover, the poloxamer can gel by forming micelles in an aqueous solution, depending on its critical micelle concentration and critical micelle temperature. Owing to its controlled-release effect, a thermosensitive gel based on poloxamer 407 (P407) is used to deliver drugs with different characteristics. As demonstrated in studies on poloxamer formulations, an increase in gelling viscosity decreases the drug release rate and gel dissolution time to the extent that it prolongs the drug’s duration of action in disease treatment. This property is used for drug delivery and different therapeutic applications. Its unique route of administration, for many oral diseases, is advantageous over traditional routes of administration, such as direct application and systemic treatment. In conclusion, thermosensitive gels based on poloxamers are suitable and have great potential for oral disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Chen
- Stomatological Materials Laboratory, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an 271016, China; (Y.C.); (M.M.); (N.C.); (C.-Y.D.); (Q.J.)
| | - Jeong-Ho Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea;
| | - Mingyue Meng
- Stomatological Materials Laboratory, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an 271016, China; (Y.C.); (M.M.); (N.C.); (C.-Y.D.); (Q.J.)
| | - Naiyu Cui
- Stomatological Materials Laboratory, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an 271016, China; (Y.C.); (M.M.); (N.C.); (C.-Y.D.); (Q.J.)
| | - Chun-Yu Dai
- Stomatological Materials Laboratory, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an 271016, China; (Y.C.); (M.M.); (N.C.); (C.-Y.D.); (Q.J.)
| | - Qi Jia
- Stomatological Materials Laboratory, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an 271016, China; (Y.C.); (M.M.); (N.C.); (C.-Y.D.); (Q.J.)
| | - Eui-Seok Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea;
- Correspondence: (E.-S.L.); (H.-B.J.)
| | - Heng-Bo Jiang
- Stomatological Materials Laboratory, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an 271016, China; (Y.C.); (M.M.); (N.C.); (C.-Y.D.); (Q.J.)
- Correspondence: (E.-S.L.); (H.-B.J.)
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Nanostructured lipid carrier to overcome stratum corneum barrier for the delivery of agomelatine in rat brain; formula optimization, characterization and brain distribution study. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:121006. [PMID: 34391848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The current work attempted to achieve bypassed hepatic metabolism, controlled release, and boosted brain distribution of agomelatine by loading in NLC and administering via transdermal route. Agomelatine-loaded NLC (AG-NLC) was fabricated employing melt-emulsification technique and optimized using central composite design. The optimized AG-NLC had 183.16 ± 6.82 nm particle size, 0.241 ± 0.0236 polydispersity index, and 83.29 ± 2.76% entrapment efficiency. TEM and FESEM visually confirmed the size and surface morphology of AG-NLC, respectively. DSC thermogram confirmed the conversion of AG from crystalline to amorphous form, which indicates improved solubility of AG when loaded in NLC. For further stability and improved applicability, AG-NLC was converted into a hydrogel. The texture analysis of AG-NLC-Gel showed appropriate gelling property in terms of hardness (142.292 g), cohesiveness (0.955), and adhesiveness (216.55 g.sec). In comparison to AG-suspension-Gel (38.036 ± 6.058%), AG-NLC-Gel (89.440 ± 2.586%) exhibited significantly higher (P < 0.005) skin permeation profile during the 24 h study. In the CLSM study, Rhodamine-B loaded AG-NLC-Gel established skin penetration up to the depth of 45 µm, whereas AG-Suspension-Gel was restricted only to a depth of 25 µm. γ-scintigraphy in wistar rats revealed ~ 55.38% brain distribution potential of 99mTc-AG-NLC-Gel at 12 h, which was 6.31-fold higher than 99mTc-AG-Suspension-Gel. Overall, the gamma scintigraphy assisted brain distribution study suggests that NLC-Gel system may improve the brain delivery of agomelatine, when applied transdermally.
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Cassano R, Servidio C, Trombino S. Biomaterials for Drugs Nose-Brain Transport: A New Therapeutic Approach for Neurological Diseases. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1802. [PMID: 33917404 PMCID: PMC8038678 DOI: 10.3390/ma14071802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the last years, neurological diseases have resulted in a global health issue, representing the first cause of disability worldwide. Current therapeutic approaches against neurological disorders include oral, topical, or intravenous administration of drugs and more invasive techniques such as surgery and brain implants. Unfortunately, at present, there are no fully effective treatments against neurodegenerative diseases, because they are not associated with a regeneration of the neural tissue but rather act on slowing the neurodegenerative process. The main limitation of central nervous system therapeutics is related to their delivery to the nervous system in therapeutic quantities due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier. In this regard, recently, the intranasal route has emerged as a promising administration site for central nervous system therapeutics since it provides a direct connection to the central nervous system, avoiding the passage through the blood-brain barrier, consequently increasing drug cerebral bioavailability. This review provides an overview of the nose-to-brain route: first, we summarize the anatomy of this route, focusing on the neural mechanisms responsible for the delivery of central nervous system therapeutics to the brain, and then we discuss the recent advances made on the design of intranasal drug delivery systems of central nervous system therapeutics to the brain, focusing in particular on stimuli-responsive hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sonia Trombino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (R.C.); (C.S.)
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Matarazzo AP, Elisei LMS, Carvalho FC, Bonfílio R, Ruela ALM, Galdino G, Pereira GR. Mucoadhesive nanostructured lipid carriers as a cannabidiol nasal delivery system for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 159:105698. [PMID: 33406408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of cannabidiol (CBD) has been explored to treat several pathologies, including those in which pain is prevalent. However, the oral bioavailability of CBD is low owing to its high lipophilicity and extensive first-pass metabolism. Considering the ability of the nasal route to prevent liver metabolism and increase brain bioavailability, we developed nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for the nasal administration of CBD. We prepared particles with a positively charged surface, employing stearic acid, oleic acid, Span 20Ⓡ, and cetylpyridinium chloride to obtain mucoadhesive formulations. Characterisation of the CBD-NLC dispersions showed uniform nano-sized particles with diameters smaller than 200 nm, and high drug encapsulation. The mucoadhesion of cationic particles has been related to interactions with negatively charged mucin. Next, we added in-situ gelling polymers to the CBD-NLC dispersion to obtain a CBD-NLC-gel. A thermo-reversible in-situ forming gel was prepared by the addition of PluronicsⓇ. CBD-NLC-gel was characterised by its gelation temperature, rheological behaviour, and mucoadhesion. Both formulations, CBD-NLC and CBD-NLC-gel, showed high mucoadhesion, as assessed by the flow-through method and similar in vitro drug release profiles. The in vivo evaluation showed that CBD-NLC dispersion (without gel), administered intranasally, produced a more significant and lasting antinociceptive effect in animals with neuropathic pain than the oral or nasal administration of CBD solution. However, the nasal administration of CBD-NLC-gel did not lessen mechanical allodynia. These findings demonstrate that in-situ gelling hydrogels are not suitable vehicles for highly lipophilic drugs such as CBD, while cationic CBD-NLC dispersions are promising formulations for the nasal administration of CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Pulini Matarazzo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Flávia Chiva Carvalho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rudy Bonfílio
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Giovane Galdino
- Science of Motricity Institute, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Ribeiro Pereira
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Hydrogel thickened microemulsion; a local cargo for the co- delivery of cinnamaldehyde and berberine to treat acne vulgaris. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Effect of polyherbal microemulsion on Staphylococcus epidermidis: Formulation development, CCD based optimization, characterization, and antibacterial activity by scanning electron microscopy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Sun Y, Li L, Xie H, Wang Y, Gao S, Zhang L, Bo F, Yang S, Feng A. Primary Studies on Construction and Evaluation of Ion-Sensitive in situ Gel Loaded with Paeonol-Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Intranasal Drug Delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3137-3160. [PMID: 32440115 PMCID: PMC7210040 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s247935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paeonol (PAE) is a potential central neuroprotective agent with poor water solubility and rapid metabolism in vivo. The key to improve the clinical application of PAE in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases is to improve the brain delivery of it. The purpose of this study was to construct a paeonol-solid lipid nanoparticles-in situ gel (PAE-SLNs-ISG) drug delivery system based on nose-brain transport pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the stability of PAE in simulated biological samples was studied firstly in order to clarify the reasons for low oral bioavailability. Paeonol-solid lipid nanoparticles (PAE-SLNs) were prepared by high-temperature emulsification-low-temperature curing combined with ultrasound. The PAE-SLNs-ISG drug delivery system was constructed, and related formulation optimization, preparation characterization, cell evaluation and in vivo evaluation were performed. RESULTS The metabolic mechanism of PAE incubated in the liver microsomes metabolic system was in accordance with the first-order kinetics, and the half-life was 0.23 h. PAE-SLNs were polyhedral or spherical particles with good dispersion and the particle size was 166.79 nm ± 2.92 nm. PAE-SLNs-ISG solution was a Newtonian fluid with a viscosity of 44.36 mPa · S ± 2.89 mPa · S. The viscosity of PAE-SLNs-ISG gel was 1542.19 mPa · S ± 19.30 mPa · S, and the rheological evaluation showed that the gel was a non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid with shear thinning, thixotropy and yield value. The release mechanism of PAE from PAE-SLNs was drug diffusion; the release mechanism of PAE from PAE-SLNs-ISG was a synergistic effect of skeleton erosion and drug diffusion. The cell viabilities of PAE-SLNs and PAE-SLNs-ISG in the concentration range of 0.001 µg/mL to 10 µg/mL were higher than 90%, showing a low level of cytotoxicity. The geometric mean fluorescent intensities of RPMI 2650 cells incubated with fluorescein isothiocyanate-solid lipid nanoparticles (FITC-SLNs) for 1 h, 4 h and 6 h were 1841 ± 24, 2261 ± 27 and 2757 ± 22, respectively. Cyanine7 NHS ester-solid lipid nanoparticles-in situ gel (Cy7-SLNs-ISG) accumulated effectively in the brain area after administration through the olfactory area, and the fluorescence response was observed in olfactory bulb, cerebellum and striatum. CONCLUSION SLNs-ISG nose-brain drug delivery system can effectively deliver SLNs to brain regions, and it is a potentially effective strategy to realize the brain region delivery of PAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingjun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huichao Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fumin Bo
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanjing Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anjie Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan250355, People’s Republic of China
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Moolakkadath T, Aqil M, Ahad A, Imam SS, Praveen A, Sultana Y, Mujeeb M. Preparation and optimization of fisetin loaded glycerol based soft nanovesicles by Box-Behnken design. Int J Pharm 2020; 578:119125. [PMID: 32036010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study focused on the development and optimization of glycerosomes for dermal delivery of fisetin. The fisetin loaded glycerosomes formulation was optimized by Box-Behnken design. The independent variables were the lipoid S 100, glycerol, and sonication time, whereas the dependent variables were the vesicles size, entrapment efficiency, and flux. The mechanism of skin penetration of fisetin loaded glycerosomes formulation was determined by the DSC and FTIR studies. Confocal scanning microscopy was used to detect the penetration ability of glycerosomes. The optimized fisetin loaded glycerosomes formulation was converted into a Carbopol® gel matrix, and the latter was analyzed for various parameters. The optimized formulation of glycerosomes presented vesicles size, entrapment efficiency and flux of 138.8 ± 4.09 nm, 86.41 ± 2.95% and 5.04 ± 0.17 µg/cm2/h, respectively. The transmission electron microscopy of optimized fisetin loaded formulation revealed the spherical and sealed structure of glycerosomes vesicles. The confocal study confirmed that the Rhodamine B incorporated glycerosomes penetrated up to deeper layers of skin. The DSC and FTIR studies revealed that the hydration of skin layers and skin lipid fluidization could be the penetration mechanism of fisetin glycerosomes formulation. The optimized fisetin loaded glycerosomes gel formulation presented a flux of 4.24 ± 0.14 μg/cm2/h, and exhibited zero-order release kinetics. The texture analysis of fisetin glycerosomes gel displayed a sufficient hardness, consistency, cohesiveness, and index of viscosity. It was concluded that the prepared fisetin loaded glycerosomes gel was suitable for the dermal application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thasleem Moolakkadath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), M. B. Road New, Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohd Aqil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), M. B. Road New, Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Abdul Ahad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Syed Sarim Imam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshiya Praveen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), M. B. Road New, Delhi 110062, India
| | - Yasmin Sultana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), M. B. Road New, Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohd Mujeeb
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), M. B. Road New, Delhi 110062, India
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Ahmad N, Ahmad R, Ahmad FJ, Ahmad W, Alam MA, Amir M, Ali A. Poloxamer-chitosan-based Naringenin nanoformulation used in brain targeting for the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:500-517. [PMID: 31889876 PMCID: PMC6933235 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Here, the aim is to improve the bioavailability of Naringenin (NRG) in brain and to establish the highest remedial benefit from a novel anti-ischemic medicine i.e. NRG. METHODS A novel Naringenin-loaded-nanoemulsion (NE)-(in situ)-gel (i.e. thermoresponsive), was formulated with the help of Poloxamer-407 (20.0% w/v). Chitosan (CS, 0.50% w/v) was used to introduce the mucoadhesive property of NE-(in situ)-gel and finally called as NRG-NE-gel + 0.50%CS. A novel UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS-method was optimized and used for NRG-NE-gel + 0.50%CS to quantify the Pharmacokinetic-(PK)-parameters in plasma as well as brain and to evaluate the cerebral ischemic parameters after MCAO i.e. locomotor activity, grip strength, antioxidant activity, and quantity the infarction volume in neurons with the safety/toxicity of NRG-NE-gel + 0.50%CS after i.n. administration in the rats. RESULTS The mucoadhesive potency and gelling temperature of NRG-NE-gel + 0.50%CS were observed 6245.38 dynes/cm2 and 28.3 ± 1.0 °C, respectively. Poloxamer-407 based free micelles size was observed 98.31 ± 1.17 nm with PDI (0.386 ± 0.021). The pH and viscosity of NRG-NE-gel + 0.50%CS were found to be 6.0 ± 0.20 and 2447 ± 24cp (at 35.0 ± 1.0 °C temperature), respectively. An elution time and m/z NRG were observed 1.78 min and 270.97/150.96 with 1.22 min and m/z of 301.01/150.98 for Quercetin (IS) respectively. Inter and intra %precision and %accuracy was validated 1.01-3.37% and 95.10-99.30% with a linear dynamic range (1.00 to 2000.00 ng/ml). AUC0-24 of plasma & brain were observed 995.60 ± 24.59 and 5600.99 ± 144.92 (ng min/ml g) in the rats after the intranasal (i.n.) administration of NRG-NE-gel + 0.50%CS. No toxicological response were not found in terms of mortalities, any-change morphologically i.e. in the microstructure of brain as well as nasal mucosa tissues, and also not found any visual signs in terms of inflammatory or necrosis. CONCLUSION Intranasally administered NRG-NE-gel + 0.50%CS enhanced the bioavailability of Naringenin in the brain. In the cerebral ischemic rats, significantly improved the neurobehavioral activity (locomotor & grip strength) followed by antioxidant activity as well as infarction volume. Finally, the toxicity studies carried out and established the safe nature of optimized-NRG-NE-gel + 0.50%CS.
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Key Words
- ANOVA., analysis of variance
- AUC, area under curve
- BA, bioavailability
- CLSM, confocal laser scanning microscopy
- CS, chitosan
- Cerebral ischemia
- Cmax, maximum plasma concentration
- ESI, electrospray ionization
- HQC, high quality control
- Kel, elimination rate constant
- LLE, liquid–liquid extraction
- LLOQ QC, lower limit of quantification for quality control
- LLOQ, lower limit of quantification
- LOD, lower limit of detection
- LOQ, lower limit of quantitation
- LQC, low quality control
- MCAO, middle cerebral artery occlusion
- MCAO-oxidative stress
- MQC, middle quality control
- Mucoadhesive-chitosan-based-nanoemulsion-gel
- NE, nanoemulsion
- NRG, naringenin
- Naringenin
- PDI, polydispersity index
- PK, pharmacokinetic
- Q-TOF, quadrupole time of flight
- SEM, scanning electron microscope
- TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
- TEM, transmission electron microscope
- Tmax, time to Cmax
- UHPLC-MS/MS, ultra high performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy
- UHPLC-MS/MS-pharmacokinetic
- t½, half-life
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhan Jalees Ahmad
- Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammad Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Safaa, Dammam-34222, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Gautam Budh Nagar, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Mohd Amir
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abuzer Ali
- College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
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