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Wang Z, Dai J, He H, Si T, Ng K, Zheng S, Zhou X, Zhou Z, Yuan H, Yang M. Cellulose Nanofibrils of High Immunoaffinity for Efficient Enrichment of Small Extracellular Vesicles. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400426. [PMID: 38678531 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), crucial in facilitating the transport of diverse molecular cargoes for intercellular communication, have shown great potential in diagnostics, therapeutics, and drug delivery. The challenge of developing effective preparation methods for EVs is heightened by their intrinsic heterogeneity and complexity. Here, a novel strategy for high EV enrichment is developed by utilizing EV-affinitive-modified cellulose nanofibrils. Specifically, modified cellulose with rich carboxyl groups has outstanding dispersing properties, able to be dispersed into cellulose nanofibrils in solution. These cellulose nanofibrils are utilized as scaffolds for the immobilization of EV-affinitive antibody of CD63 by chemical conjugation. The CD63-modified nanofibrils demonstrate a superior EV capture efficiency of 86.4% compared with other reported methods. The high performance of this system is further validated by the efficient capture of EVs from biological blood plasma, allowing the detection of bioactive markers from EV-derived miRNAs and proteins. The authors envision that these modified cellulose nanofibrils of enhanced capability on EV enrichment will open new avenues in various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zesheng Wang
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Jun Dai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Huimin He
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Tongxu Si
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Kaki Ng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Zhihang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Huijun Yuan
- Department of Biochip Center, Wuwei Tumor Hospital of Gansu Province, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Mengsu Yang
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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Selective Oxidation of Cellulose—A Multitask Platform with Significant Environmental Impact. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15145076. [PMID: 35888547 PMCID: PMC9324530 DOI: 10.3390/ma15145076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Raw cellulose, or even agro-industrial waste, have been extensively used for environmental applications, namely industrial water decontamination, due to their effectiveness, availability, and low production cost. This was a response to the increasing societal demand for fresh water, which made the purification of wastewater one of the major research issue for both academic and industrial R&D communities. Cellulose has undergone various derivatization reactions in order to change the cellulose surface charge density, a prerequisite condition to delaminate fibers down to nanometric fibrils through a low-energy process, and to obtain products with various structures and properties able to undergo further processing. Selective oxidation of cellulose, one of the most important methods of chemical modification, turned out to be a multitask platform to obtain new high-performance, versatile, cellulose-based materials, with many other applications aside from the environmental ones: in biomedical engineering and healthcare, energy storage, barrier and sensing applications, food packaging, etc. Various methods of selective oxidation have been studied, but among these, (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl) (TEMPO)-mediated and periodate oxidation reactions have attracted more interest due to their enhanced regioselectivity, high yield and degree of substitution, mild conditions, and the possibility to further process the selectively oxidized cellulose into new materials with more complex formulations. This study systematically presents the main methods commonly used for the selective oxidation of cellulose and provides a survey of the most recent reports on the environmental applications of oxidized cellulose, such as the removal of heavy metals, dyes, and other organic pollutants from the wastewater.
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Yamaguchi A, Nakayama H, Morita Y, Sakamoto H, Kitamura T, Hashimoto M, Suye SI. Enhanced and Prolonged Activity of Enzymes Adsorbed on TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:18826-18830. [PMID: 32775884 PMCID: PMC7408217 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNs) have a width of about 4 nm and a very large specific surface area. TOCN is a negatively charged bionanomaterial having carboxy groups on the surface and promising physical properties. In particular, TOCN can be used as an adsorbent for biomolecules for biotechnological applications, but the adsorption behavior of biomolecules on the TOCN surface requires investigation. Thus, in this study, we investigated the adsorption behavior of pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (PQQ-GDH) on TOCN and evaluated the activity, structure, and long-term stability of the adsorbed enzyme. Transmission electron microscopy observation revealed that the enzyme was aligned and adsorbed on the TOCNs, and circular dichroism measurements were used to determine the structure of the enzyme adsorbed on TOCN. Interestingly, the adsorbed enzyme showed higher activity after adsorption, resulting in long-term retention of enzyme activity, probably because the stability of PQQ-GDH was improved by adsorption. These results suggest that TOCN is an excellent biomolecule immobilization material. Our results can be used for the development of biomaterials using TOCN as a scaffold for the adsorption of enzymes with increased stability and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Yamaguchi
- Frontier
Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Haruna Nakayama
- Frontier
Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Yuko Morita
- DKS
Co., Ltd., 5 Ogawara-cho, Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8391, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakamoto
- Frontier
Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Takeo Kitamura
- DKS
Co., Ltd., 5 Ogawara-cho, Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8391, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hashimoto
- DKS
Co., Ltd., 5 Ogawara-cho, Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8391, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Suye
- Frontier
Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
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