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Losada IB, Persson P. Photoredox matching of earth-abundant photosensitizers with hydrogen evolving catalysts by first-principles predictions. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:074302. [PMID: 38375904 DOI: 10.1063/5.0174837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Photoredox properties of several earth-abundant light-harvesting transition metal complexes in combination with cobalt-based proton reduction catalysts have been investigated computationally to assess the fundamental viability of different photocatalytic systems of current experimental interest. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations using several GGA (BP86, BLYP), hybrid-GGA (B3LYP, B3LYP*), hybrid meta-GGA (M06, TPSSh), and range-separated hybrid (ωB97X, CAM-B3LYP) functionals were used to calculate relevant ground and excited state reduction potentials for photosensitizers, catalysts, and sacrificial electron donors. Linear energy correction factors for the DFT/TD-DFT results that provide the best agreement with available experimental reference results were determined in order to provide more accurate predictions. Among the selection of functionals, the B3LYP* and TPSSh sets of correction parameters were determined to give the best redox potentials and excited states energies, ΔEexc, with errors of ∼0.2 eV. Linear corrections for both reduction and oxidation processes significantly improve the predictions for all the redox pairs. In particular, for TPSSh and B3LYP*, the calculated errors decrease by more than 0.5 V against experimental values for catalyst reduction potentials, photosensitizer oxidation potentials, and electron donor oxidation potentials. Energy-corrected TPSSh results were finally used to predict the energetics of complete photocatalytic cycles for the light-driven activation of selected proton reduction cobalt catalysts. These predictions demonstrate the broader usefulness of the adopted approach to systematically predict full photocycle behavior for first-row transition metal photosensitizer-catalyst combinations more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iria Bolaño Losada
- Division of Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Petter Persson
- Division of Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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2
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Álvarez D, Menéndez MI, López R. Computational Design of Rhenium(I) Carbonyl Complexes for Anticancer Photodynamic Therapy. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:439-455. [PMID: 34913679 PMCID: PMC8753654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
New Re(I) carbonyl complexes are proposed as candidates for photodynamic therapy after investigating the effects of the pyridocarbazole-type ligand conjugation, addition of substituents to this ligand, and replacement of one CO by phosphines in [Re(pyridocarbazole)(CO)3(pyridine)] complexes by means of the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT. We have found, first, that increasing the conjugation in the bidentate ligand reduces the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy gap of the complex, so its absorption wavelength red-shifts. When the enlargement of this ligand is carried out by merging the electron-withdrawing 1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione heterocycle, it enhances even more the stabilization of the LUMO due to its electron-acceptor character. Second, the analysis of the shape and composition of the orbitals involved in the band of interest indicates which substituents of the bidentate ligand and which positions are optimal for reducing the HOMO-LUMO energy gap. The introduction of electron-withdrawing substituents into the pyridine ring of the pyridocarbazole ligand mainly stabilizes the LUMO, whereas the HOMO energy increases primarily when electron-donating substituents are introduced into its indole moiety. Each type of substituents results in a bathochromic shift of the lowest-lying absorption band, which is even larger if they are combined in the same complex. Finally, the removal of the π-backbonding interaction between Re and the CO trans to the monodentate pyridine when it is replaced by phosphines PMe3, 1,4-diacetyl-1,3,7-triaza-5-phosphabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (DAPTA), and 1,4,7-triaza-9-phosphatricyclo[5.3.2.1]tridecane (CAP) causes another extra bathochromic shift due to the destabilization of the HOMO, which is low with DAPTA, moderate with PMe3, but especially large with CAP. Through the combination of the PMe3 or CAP ligands with adequate electron-withdrawing and/or electron-donating substituents at the pyridocarbazole ligand, we have found several complexes with significant absorption at the therapeutic window. In addition, according to our results on the singlet-triplet energy gap, all of them should be able to produce cytotoxic singlet oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Física
y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - M. Isabel Menéndez
- Departamento de Química Física
y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ramón López
- Departamento de Química Física
y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Olasunkanmi LO, Govender PP. Theoretical probe of absorption and fluorescence emission characteristics of highly luminescent ReL(CO)3X (L = 12H-indazolo[5,6-f][1,10]phenanthroline and X = F, Cl, Br, I): a DFT/TD-DFT study. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.2018062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukman O. Olasunkanmi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Penny P. Govender
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg Johannesburg, South Africa
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Hernández Mejías ÁD, Poirot A, Rmili M, Leygue N, Wolff M, Saffon-Merceron N, Benoist E, Fery-Forgues S. Efficient photorelease of carbon monoxide from a luminescent tricarbonyl rhenium(I) complex incorporating pyridyl-1,2,4-triazole and phosphine ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:1313-1323. [PMID: 33404562 PMCID: PMC8177739 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03577g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Precise control over the production of carbon monoxide (CO) is essential to exploit the therapeutic potential of this molecule. The development of photoactive CO-releasing molecules (PhotoCORMs) is therefore a promising route for future clinical applications. Herein, a tricarbonyl-rhenium(i) complex (1-TPP), which incorporates a phosphine moiety as ancilliary ligand for boosting the photochemical reactivity, and a pyridyltriazole bidentate ligand with appended 2-phenylbenzoxazole moiety for the purpose of photoluminescence, was synthesized and characterized from a chemical and crystallographic point of view. Upon irradiation in the near-UV range, complex 1-TPP underwent fast photoreaction, which was monitored through changes of the UV-vis absorption and phosphorescence spectra. The photoproducts (i.e. the dicarbonyl solvento complex 2 and one CO molecule) were identified using FTIR, 1H NMR and HRMS. The results were interpreted on the basis of DFT/TD-DFT calculations. The effective photochemical release of CO associated with clear optical variations (the emitted light passed from green to orange-red) could make 1-TPP the prototype of new photochemically-active agents, potentially useful for integration in photoCORM materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel D Hernández Mejías
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France. and Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, PO Box 23346, San Juan, PR 00931-3346, USA
| | - Alexandre Poirot
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - Meriem Rmili
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France. and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie, Centre Urbain Nord BP, 676-1080 Tunis Cedex, Tunisia
| | - Nadine Leygue
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - Mariusz Wolff
- Universität Wien, Institut für Chemische Katalyse, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Wien, Austria and University of Silesia, Institute of Chemistry, 9th Szkolna St., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Nathalie Saffon-Merceron
- Service commun RX, Institut de Chimie de Toulouse, ICT- FR2599, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Eric Benoist
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - Suzanne Fery-Forgues
- SPCMIB, CNRS UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
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Kapturkiewicz A, Kamecka A, Grochowska O. Heteroleptic Re(CO) 2+ and Re(CO) 3+ complexes with α-diimines: similarities and differences in their luminescence properties. RSC Adv 2020; 10:29642-29658. [PMID: 35518238 PMCID: PMC9056165 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06262f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The photophysical properties of two series of phosphorescent rhenium(i) complexes, [Re(CO)2(N^N)(tpp)2]+ and [Re(CO)3(N^N)(tpp)]+ with carbon monoxide (CO), triphenylphosphine (tpp) and α-diimine (N^N) ligands have been investigated in deoxygenated acetonitrile solution at room temperature and in solid methanol/ethanol 1 : 1 matrices at 77 K. The complexes display moderate to strong phosphorescence which is related to the N^N ligand modulated metal-to-ligand charge-transfer S0 ← 3*MLCT or intraligand S0 ← 3*LC transitions. Luminescence properties of the investigated series have been found to be very similar but some intrinsic differences between them are clearly seen. Whereas the [Re(CO)2(N^N)(tpp)2]+ series shows MLCT emission in both temperature regimes studied, the [Re(CO)3(N^N)(tpp)]+ series exhibits intrinsic changes in its emission character when the measurement temperature is lowered from 298 to 77 K. In both investigated series, their emission characteristics are strongly affected by the nature of coordinated α-diimine N^N ligands. The observed trends, changes in the radiative kr and non-radiative knr deactivation rate constants, have been compared with those found for the previously investigated [Re(CO)3(N^N)(Cl)], [Re(CO)3(N^N)(CH3CN)]+, and [Re(CO)2(N^N)(dppv)]+ series (dppv = cis-1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)-ethene). Similarities and differences in the spectroscopic and photophysical properties of five series of the Re(CO)3+ and Re(CO)2+ complexes have been analyzed in the view of results from DFT and TD-DFT computation and the emission band-shape analyses performed according to the Marcus–Jortner formalism. We report results from comparative studies of luminescence properties of five series of α-diimine rhenium(i) complexes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Kapturkiewicz
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
- Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities
- 08-110 Siedlce
- Poland
| | - Anna Kamecka
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
- Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities
- 08-110 Siedlce
- Poland
| | - Olga Grochowska
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
- Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities
- 08-110 Siedlce
- Poland
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Klemens T, Świtlicka A, Szlapa-Kula A, Łapok Ł, Obłoza M, Siwy M, Szalkowski M, Maćkowski S, Libera M, Schab-Balcerzak E, Machura B. Tuning Optical Properties of Re(I) Carbonyl Complexes by Modifying Push–Pull Ligands Structure. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Klemens
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Świtlicka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Szlapa-Kula
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Łukasz Łapok
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Obłoza
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marcin Szalkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Marcin Libera
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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Kurtz DA, Brereton KR, Ruoff KP, Tang HM, Felton GAN, Miller AJM, Dempsey JL. Bathochromic Shifts in Rhenium Carbonyl Dyes Induced through Destabilization of Occupied Orbitals. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:5389-5399. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Kurtz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Kelsey R. Brereton
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Kevin P. Ruoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Hui Min Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Greg A. N. Felton
- Department of Chemistry, Eckerd College, St. Petersburg, Florida 33711, United States
| | - Alexander J. M. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Jillian L. Dempsey
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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Gonçalves MR, Frin KP. Synthesis, characterization, photophysical and electrochemical properties of rhenium(I) tricarbonyl diimine complexes with triphenylphosphine ligand. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Klemens T, Świtlicka-Olszewska A, Machura B, Grucela M, Janeczek H, Schab-Balcerzak E, Szlapa A, Kula S, Krompiec S, Smolarek K, Kowalska D, Mackowski S, Erfurt K, Lodowski P. Synthesis, photophysical properties and application in organic light emitting devices of rhenium(i) carbonyls incorporating functionalized 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridines. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08981j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Photophysics of [ReCl(CO)3(4′-R-terpy-κ2N)].
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11
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Effect of COOH group on the performance of rhenium (I) tricarbonyl complexes with tetrathiafulvalene-fused phenanthroline ligands as dyes in DSSC: DFT/TD-DFT theoretical investigations. Struct Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-014-0496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Velmurugan G, Ramamoorthi BK, Venuvanalingam P. Are Re(i) phenanthroline complexes suitable candidates for OLEDs? Answers from DFT and TD-DFT investigations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:21157-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01135j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Machura B, Wolff M, Benoist E, Coulais Y. Tricarbonyl rhenium(I) complex of benzothiazole – Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, X-ray crystal structure and DFT calculations. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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