1
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Zhang P, Li Z, Liu Y, Shi F, Wang L, Pu M, Lei M. Hydride Relay Exchange Mechanism for the Heterocyclic C-H Arylation of Benzofuran and Benzothiophene Catalyzed by Pd Complexes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12997-13010. [PMID: 36166363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism and regioselectivity of the heterocyclic C-H arylation of benzofuran and benzothiophene catalyzed by Pd(OAc)2 complexes were investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) method. The Pd(0)L2(PhI) complex (L = HOAc) is proposed to be the catalytic species. Compared to the traditional Heck-type mechanism, concerted metalation-deprotonation (CMD) mechanism, and electrophilic aromatic substitution (SEAr) mechanism for the C-H arylation, a new hydride relay exchange mechanism was proposed for the benzoheterocyclic C-H arylation catalyzed by Pd complexes, which consists of two redox processes between Pd(II) and Pd(0) species to complete the regioselective C-H activation. The calculated results indicate that the reaction along the hydride relay exchange mechanism is more favorable than those along other mechanisms, including the traditional Heck-type mechanism and the base-assisted anti-H elimination mechanism. This agrees well with the experimental results. Meanwhile, the origin for the regioselective C-H arylation was unveiled in which the α-C-H arylation products are major for the heterocyclic C-H arylation of benzofuran, but the β-C-H arylation products are major for that of benzothiophene. This study might provide a deep mechanistic understanding on the regioselective C-H activation and arylation of benzoheterocycle compounds catalyzed by transition-metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yangqiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Fuxing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Luocong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Min Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Ming Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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2
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Tsai JJ, Huang YH, Chou CM. Carboxylate-Assisted Palladium-Catalyzed Regio- and Stereoselective Mizoroki-Heck Arylation of β-Cyclohexadienyl Acrylates and Styrenes. Org Lett 2021; 23:9468-9473. [PMID: 34881572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A carboxylate-assisted palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki-Heck arylation of electron-deficient internal alkenes is described herein. This protocol utilized a free carboxylic acid as the directing group for regio- and stereoselective Mizoroki-Heck arylation of β-cyclohexadienyl acrylates and styrenes with various aryl iodides. The synthetic application has been exhibited by decarboxylative aromatization and iodolactonization/hydrolysis of the resulting polyenes providing trisubstituted alkenes and structurally diverse hydroxyl lactones. Additionally, mechanistic studies have been performed to elucidate the reaction outcome of regio- and stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyun-Jia Tsai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Chou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
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3
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Chen X, Yang Y, Han W, Huang Q, Huang Z, You J. Cascade Oxidative C−H Annulation of Thiophenes: Heck‐Type Pathway Enables Concise Access to Thienoacenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Yudong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Han
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Quan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Zhenmei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Jingsong You
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
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4
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Chen X, Yang Y, Han W, Huang Q, Huang Z, You J. Cascade Oxidative C-H Annulation of Thiophenes: Heck-Type Pathway Enables Concise Access to Thienoacenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12371-12375. [PMID: 33759335 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The pursuit of efficient synthetic route to thienoacenes represents an appealing yet challenging task in the fields of both organic synthetic chemistry and organic functional materials. In this work, we disclose a rhodium-catalyzed cascade C-H annulation of phenacyl phosphoniums with (benzo)thiophenes via a Heck-type pathway to provide a new class of planar thienoacenes, which involves the formation of three Caryl -Caryl bonds and one Caryl -O bond in a single operation. The neutral S,O-heteroacenes exhibit superior stability and adopt a herringbone-like packing mode with efficient π-π stacking in the crystals, suggesting their potential in organic semiconducting materials. This work first exemplifies the superiority of cascade oxidative C-H annulation involving a Heck-type pathway in the development of concise access to heteroacenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yudong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Han
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Quan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhenmei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jingsong You
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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5
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Wang D, Salazar CA, Stahl SS. Catalyst-Controlled Regioselectivity in Pd-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Arylation of Indoles. Organometallics 2021; 40:2198-2203. [PMID: 34366539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pd-catalyzed C-H arylation of heteorarenes is an important and widely studied synthetic transformation; however, the regioselectivity is often substrate-controlled. Here, we report catalyst-controlled regioselectivity in the Pd-catalyzed oxidative coupling of N-(phenylsulfonyl)indoles and aryl boronic acids using O2 as the oxidant. Both C2- and C3-arylated indoles are obtained in good yield with >10:1 selectivity. A switch from C2 to C3 regioselectivity is achieved by including 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one or 2,2'-bipyrimidine as an ancillary ligand to a "ligand-free" Pd(OTs)2 catalyst system. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the switch in selectivity arises from a change in the mechanism, from a C2-selective oxidative-Heck pathway to a C3-selective C-H activation/reductive elimination pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Chase A Salazar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Shannon S Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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6
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Saideh Ghorbaninezhad, Ghiasi R, Marjani A. Computational Investigation of Substituent Effect on the Thermodynamics and Kinetics of β-Hydrocarbyl Elimination from a Rhodium(I) Iminyl Complex. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024421010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Laga E, Cativiela C, Urriolabeitia EP. Alkenylation of ortho-palladated phenylglycine: synthesis of stilbene derivatives and 3-aryl-isoquinoline-1-carboxylates. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Karlinskii BY, Kostyukovich AY, Kucherov FA, Galkin KI, Kozlov KS, Ananikov VP. Directing-Group-Free, Carbonyl Group-Promoted Catalytic C–H Arylation of Bio-Based Furans. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Ya. Karlinskii
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander Yu. Kostyukovich
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Fedor A. Kucherov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Konstantin I. Galkin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Kirill S. Kozlov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
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9
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Ramesh B, Tamizmani M, Jeganmohan M. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Redox-Neutral 1,1-Cyclization of N-Methoxy Benzamides with Maleimides via C–H/N–H/N–O Activation: Detailed Mechanistic Investigation. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4058-4071. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Balu Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Masilamani Tamizmani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wang X, Lerchen A, Daniliuc CG, Glorius F. Effiziente Synthese von arylierten Furanen durch sequentielle Rhodium-katalysierte Arylierung und Cycloisomerisierung von Cyclopropenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Andreas Lerchen
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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11
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Wang X, Lerchen A, Daniliuc CG, Glorius F. Efficient Synthesis of Arylated Furans by a Sequential Rh-Catalyzed Arylation and Cycloisomerization of Cyclopropenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1712-1716. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Andreas Lerchen
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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12
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Lv N, Liu Y, Xiong C, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Cobalt-Catalyzed Oxidant-Free Spirocycle Synthesis by Liberation of Hydrogen. Org Lett 2017; 19:4640-4643. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Lv
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chunhua Xiong
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Zhanxiang Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Schnapperelle I, Breitenlechner S, Bach T. Kinetic Studies on the Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidative Cross-Coupling of Thiophenes with Arylboron Compounds and Their Mechanistic Implications. Chemistry 2015; 21:18407-16. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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14
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Study of the intramolecular Heck reaction: synthesis of the bicyclic core of corialstonidine. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.03.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Kommagalla Y, Mullapudi VB, Francis F, Ramana CV. Ruthenium(ii)-catalyzed switchable C3-alkylation versus alkenylation with acrylates of 2-pyridylbenzofurans via C–H bond activation. Catal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy01268b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We documented an interesting observation of ruthenium(ii)-catalyzed benzofuran C–H activation and subsequent functionalization with acrylates that reveals that a simple base can switch the process from alkylation to alkenylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadagiri Kommagalla
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune-411008
- India
| | | | - Fredi Francis
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune-411008
- India
| | - Chepuri V. Ramana
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune-411008
- India
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Lee WI, Jung JW, Sim J, An H, Suh YG. Microwave-assisted synthesis of 3-substituted indoles via intramolecular arene–alkene coupling of o-iodoanilino enamines. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.06.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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