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Balakrishnan J, Muthukumar P, Arputharaj DS, Christopher PVM, Karuppannan S, Kittusamy S. Theoretical investigations of the substituent effect on the opto-electronic properties of the linearly fused napthadithiophene-based molecules. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:915-929. [PMID: 38170163 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The optoelectronic and charge transport properties of eight linearly fused Napthadithiophene (NDT) molecules with different electron-withdrawing (EWG) and electron-donating (EDG) substituents are studied using the density functional theory (DFT) methods. The effect of the substitution of EWG and EDG on the molecular structure, frontier molecular orbitals, ionization energy, electron affinity, reorganization energy, crystal packing, and charge carrier mobility are studied. The crystal structure simulation method is used to optimize the possible crystal packing arrangements for the studied molecules. The energy and distribution of electron density on the frontier molecular orbitals are strongly influenced by the substitution of EWG and EDG, thereby changes in the absorption spectrum and charge transport properties. The unsubstituted NDT molecule possesses a maximum hole mobility of 2.8 cm2 V-1 s-1, which is due to the strong intermolecular interactions. Therefore, the NDT molecule can be used as a p-type semiconducting material. Among the studied molecules, the CCH-substituted NDT molecule, NDT-CCH, possesses a higher electron mobility of 1.13 cm2 V-1 s-1. The C2H5-substituted NDT molecule, NDT-C2H5, possesses ambipolar behavior with mobility of 4.77 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 and 1.70 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 for hole and electron, respectively.
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Irfan A, Kalam A, Al-Sehemi AG, Dubey M. Investigation of the Effect of Substituents on Electronic and Charge Transport Properties of Benzothiazole Derivatives. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248672. [PMID: 36557807 PMCID: PMC9781107 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of new benzothiazole-derived donor-acceptor-based compounds (Comp1-4) were synthesized and characterized with the objective of tuning their multifunctional properties, i.e., charge transport, electronic, and optical. All the proposed structural formulations (Comp1-4) were commensurate using FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI-mass, UV-vis, and elemental analysis techniques. The effects of the electron-donating group (-CH3) and electron-withdrawing group (-NO2) on the optoelectronic and charge transfer properties were studied. The substituent effect on absorption was calculated at the TD-B3LYP/6-31+G** level in the gas and solvent phases. The effect of solvent polarity on the absorption spectra using various polar and nonpolar solvents, i.e., ethanol, acetone, DMF, and DMSO was investigated. Light was shed on the charge transport in benzothiazole compounds by calculating electron affinity, ionization potential, and reorganization energies. Furthermore, the synthesized compounds were used to prepare thin films on the FTO substrate to evaluate the charge carrier mobility and other related device parameters with the help of I-V characteristic measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +00-9661-7241-9481; Fax: +00-9661-7241-8426
| | - Abul Kalam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mrigendra Dubey
- Soft Materials Research Laboratory, Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
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Wazzan N. Theoretical investigation of anthanthrene-based dyes in dye‐sensitized solar cell applications: Effect of nature of alkyl-substitutions and number of anchoring groups. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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4
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Sánchez-Bojorge NA, Zaragoza-Galán G, Flores-Holguín NR, Chávez-Rojo MA, Castro-García C, Rodríguez-Valdez LM. Theoretical analysis of the electronic properties in Zinc-porphyrins derivatives. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.04.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Gapol MAB, Kim DH. Novel adamantane-based hole transport materials for perovskite solar cells: a computational approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:3857-3867. [PMID: 30702112 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07515h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Adamantane derivatives have been subjected to quantum mechanical calculations to determine their capabilities as potential hole transport materials (HTMs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Adamantane has been modified in two ways: multiple arm substitution and outermost substituent variation. It has been shown that tetra-substitution of adamantane gave the best characteristics as a HTM. Further modification showed tetra-ethyl substituted adamantane (ad-EtTPA) has the lowest HOMO, a small hole reorganization energy (λh), absorption in the UV region, and good stability. These appropriate properties mean that ad-EtTPA could be a promising HTM in PSCs. In addition, the relationship between λh and the electrostatic potential (ESP) maps of the cationic geometry has been studied. Three outcomes were drawn from the investigation: (1) the high positive potential in the ESP map is the region where more geometric distortions are occurring in going from the neutral to the cationic state, (2) large geometric distortions in this region lead to high λh, and (3) for tetra-substituted adamantane derivatives, delocalization of the positive potential leads to lower λh. The results showed that ESP maps can give insight into the molecular engineering of HTMs.
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Gogoi G, Sahoo SR, Rajbongshi BK, Sahu S, Sarma NS, Sharma S. New types of organic semiconductors based on diketopyrrolopyrroles and 2,1,3-benzochalcogenadiazoles: a computational study. J Mol Model 2019; 25:42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-3922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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7
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Effect of number and position of methoxy substituents on fine-tuning the electronic structures and photophysical properties of designed carbazole-based hole-transporting materials for perovskite solar cells: DFT calculations. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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8
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Charge injection and hopping transport in bridged-dithiophene-triazole-bridged-dithiophene (DT-Tr-DT) conducting oligomers: A DFT approach. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Sardar S. Monitoring of the energy levels by heteroatom substitution to hexacene and controlling over singlet fission and photo-oxidative resistance. J Mol Graph Model 2017; 74:24-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Espinoza-Hicks JC, Nápoles-Duarte JM, Nevárez-Moorillón GV, Camacho-Dávila A, Rodríguez-Valdez LM. Synthesis, electronic, and spectral properties of novel geranylated chalcone derivatives: a theoretical and experimental study. J Mol Model 2016; 22:253. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-3114-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Shen L, Chen Y, Li X, Li C. Tuning of the stability and energy levels of singlet exciton fission relevant excited states of pentacenes by site-specific substitution. J Mol Graph Model 2016; 66:187-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hu Y, Yin J, Chaitanya K, Ju XH. Charge transport properties of 5,6,7-trithiapentacene-13-one (TTPO) and its fluorinated derivatives. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Theoretical study on charge mobilities of pentafluorophenyl-appended bisthiazole derivatives. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2015.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Electrochemistry and electrogenerated chemiluminescence of benzoxazole derivatives in nonaqueous media. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Musa A, Saeed M, Shaari A, Sahnoun R, Lawal M. Effects of delocalised π-electrons around the linear acenes ring (n= 1 to 7): an electronic properties through DFT and quantum chemical descriptors. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2014.993734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Chen Y, Shen L, Li X. Effects of Heteroatoms of Tetracene and Pentacene Derivatives on Their Stability and Singlet Fission. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:5700-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp503114b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Colloid
and Interface Chemistry, Ministration of Education, Department of
Chemistry, Shandong University, Shandong, China, 250100
| | - Li Shen
- Key Laboratory of Colloid
and Interface Chemistry, Ministration of Education, Department of
Chemistry, Shandong University, Shandong, China, 250100
| | - Xiyou Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid
and Interface Chemistry, Ministration of Education, Department of
Chemistry, Shandong University, Shandong, China, 250100
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