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Liu Z, Feng Y, Peng Y, Cai J, Li C, Li Q, Zheng M, Chen Y. Emission Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Carbonyl Compounds from Residential Solid Fuel Combustion Based on Real-World Measurements and Tube-Furnace Experiments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:15417-15426. [PMID: 36257779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study updated carbonyl compound (CC) emission factors (EFs) and composition for residential solid fuel combustion based on real-world measurements of 124 fuel/stove combinations in China and explored the CC formation mechanism using tube-furnace experiments with 19 fuels and low/high temperatures to explain the impact of fuel and stove on CC emission characteristics. The average EFCC values for straw, wood, and coal were 1.94 ± 1.57, 1.50 ± 0.88, and 0.40 ± 0.54 g/kg, respectively. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were the most abundant species, accounting for 40-60% of CCs, followed by acetone (∼20%), aromatic aldehydes (∼10%), and unsaturated aldehydes (∼5%). Different from formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, other species showed significant variation among fuel types. All these characteristics could be explained by the difference in the volatile content and chemical structure of fuel, such as aromatic in coal versus lignin in biomass. The improvement in stove technology reduced CC emissions by 30.4-69.7% (mainly formaldehyde and acetaldehyde) among fuels but increased the proportion of aromatic aldehydes by 24.3-89.4%. Various CC species showed different formation mechanisms related to fuel property and burning temperature. The volatile matter derived from thermal pyrolysis of fuel polymers determined CC composition, while higher temperature preferentially degraded formaldehyde and acetaldehyde but promoted the formation of acetone and aromatic aldehydes. This study not only revealed emission characteristic of CCs from RSFC but also contributed to the improvement of clean combustion technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Liu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yanli Feng
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Junjie Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qing Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Mei Zheng
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yingjun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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Zhou S, Jin K, Buehler MJ. Understanding Plant Biomass via Computational Modeling. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2003206. [PMID: 32945027 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant biomass, especially wood, has been used for structural materials since ancient times. It is also showing great potential for new structural materials and it is the major feedstock for the emerging biorefineries for building a sustainable society. The plant cell wall is a hierarchical matrix of mainly cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Herein, the structure, properties, and reactions of cellulose, lignin, and wood cell walls, studied using density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD), which are the widely used computational modeling approaches, are reviewed. Computational modeling, which has played a crucial role in understanding the structure and properties of plant biomass and its nanomaterials, may serve a leading role on developing new hierarchical materials from biomass in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengfei Zhou
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Mass. Ave 1-290, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Kai Jin
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Mass. Ave 1-290, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Markus J Buehler
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Mass. Ave 1-290, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Pyrolysis and carbonization of polyvinyl chloride under electric field: A computational study. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Oregui-Bengoechea M, Agirre I, Iriondo A, Lopez-Urionabarrenechea A, Requies JM, Agirrezabal-Telleria I, Bizkarra K, Barrio VL, Cambra JF. Heterogeneous Catalyzed Thermochemical Conversion of Lignin Model Compounds: An Overview. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2019; 377:36. [PMID: 31728773 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Thermochemical lignin conversion processes can be described as complex reaction networks involving not only de-polymerization and re-polymerization reactions, but also chemical transformations of the depolymerized mono-, di-, and oligomeric compounds. They typically result in a product mixture consisting of a gaseous, liquid (i.e., mono-, di-, and oligomeric products), and solid phase. Consequently, researchers have developed a common strategy to simplify this issue by replacing lignin with simpler, but still representative, lignin model compounds. This strategy is typically applied to the elucidation of reaction mechanisms and the exploration of novel lignin conversion approaches. In this review, we present a general overview of the latest advances in the principal thermochemical processes applied for the conversion of lignin model compounds using heterogeneous catalysts. This review focuses on the most representative lignin conversion methods, i.e., reductive, oxidative, pyrolytic, and hydrolytic processes. An additional subchapter on the reforming of pyrolysis oil model compounds has also been included. Special attention will be given to those research papers using "green" reactants (i.e., H2 or renewable hydrogen donor molecules in reductive processes or air/O2 in oxidative processes) and solvents, although less environmentally friendly chemicals will be also considered. Moreover, the scope of the review is limited to those most representative lignin model compounds and to those reaction products that are typically targeted in lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Oregui-Bengoechea
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Ion Agirre
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Aitziber Iriondo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alexander Lopez-Urionabarrenechea
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jesus M Requies
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Iker Agirrezabal-Telleria
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Kepa Bizkarra
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - V Laura Barrio
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jose F Cambra
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
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Medina ME, Galano A, Trigos Á. Scavenging Ability of Homogentisic Acid and Ergosterol toward Free Radicals Derived from Ethanol Consumption. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:7514-7521. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b04619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel E. Medina
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luis Castelazo s/n, Col. Industrial Animas, Xalapa, Veracruz 91190, México
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básica e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Vicentina, México D. F. 09340, México
| | - Ángel Trigos
- Laboratorio de Alta Tecnología de Xalapa, Universidad Veracruzana, Calle Médicos 5, Col. Unidad del Bosque, Xalapa, Veracruz 91010, México
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Huang J, He C, Li X, Pan G, Tong H. Theoretical studies on thermal degradation reaction mechanism of model compound of bisphenol A polycarbonate. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 71:181-191. [PMID: 29054503 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory methods (DFT) M062X have been used to investigate the thermal degradation processes of model compound of bisphenol A polycarbonate (MPC) and to identify the optimal reaction paths in the thermal decomposition of bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC). The bond dissociation energies of main bonds in MPC were calculated, and it is found that the weakest bond in MPC is the single bond between the methylic carbon and carbon atom and the second weakest bond in MPC is the single bond between oxygen atom and the carbonyl carbon. On the basis of computational results of kinetic parameters, a mechanism is proposed where the hydrolysis (or alcoholysis) reaction is the main degradation pathways for the formation of the evolved products, and the homolytic cleavage and rearrangement reactions are the competitive reaction pathways in the thermal degradation of PC. The proposed mechanism is consistent with experimental observations of CO2, bisphenol A and 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethane as the main degradation products, together with a small amount of CO, alkyl phenol and diphenyl carbonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbao Huang
- School of Science, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Chao He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Xinsheng Li
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Guiying Pan
- School of Science, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hong Tong
- School of Science, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Qi SC, Zhang L, Kudo S, Norinaga K, Hayashi JI. Theoretical Study on Hydrogenolytic Cleavage of Intermonomer Linkages in Lignin. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:2868-2877. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Chao Qi
- Institute for Materials
Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1, Kasuga Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Lu Zhang
- Institute for Materials
Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1, Kasuga Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Shinji Kudo
- Institute for Materials
Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1, Kasuga Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Koyo Norinaga
- Institute for Materials
Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1, Kasuga Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Jun-ichiro Hayashi
- Institute for Materials
Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1, Kasuga Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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