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Azaid A, Abram T, Alaqarbeh M, Raftani M, Kacimi R, Sbai A, Lakhlifi T, Bouachrine M. Design new organic material based on triphenylamine (TPA) with D-π-A-π-D structure used as an electron donor for organic solar cells: A DFT approach. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 122:108470. [PMID: 37116334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Because of the increasing scarcity of fossil fuels and the growing need for energy, it has become necessary to research new renewable energy resources. In this study, five new high-performance materials (TP-FA1F-TP - TP-FA5F-TP) of the D-π-A-π-D configuration based on triphenylamine (TPA) were theoretically investigated by applying DFT and TD-DFT methods for future application as heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJ). The influence of the modification of the acceptor (A) of the parent molecule TP-FTzF-TP on the structural, electronic, photovoltaic and optical properties of the TP-FA1F-TP - TP-FA5F-TP organic molecules was investigated in detail. TP-FA1F-TP - TP-FA5F-TP showed Egap in the interval of 1.44-2.01 eV with λabs in the range of 536-774 nm, open-circuit voltage (Voc) values varied between 0.3 and 0.56 V and power conversion efficiencies (PCE) ranging from (3-6) %. Our results also show that the donor molecules suggested in this research exhibit an improved performance compared to the recently synthesized TP-FTzF-TP, such as a lowest HOMO energy, a smaller Egap, and a greater absorption spectrum, and can lead to higher performance. Indeed, this theoretical research could lead to the future synthesis of better compounds as active substances used in BHJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Azaid
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Tayeb Abram
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Marwa Alaqarbeh
- National Agricultural Research Center, Al-Baqa, 19381, Jordan.
| | - Marzouk Raftani
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Rchid Kacimi
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Abdelouahid Sbai
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Tahar Lakhlifi
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Bouachrine
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco; EST Khenifra, University Sultan Moulay Sliman, Morocco.
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Akram S, Hadia NMA, Shawky AM, Iqbal J, Khan MI, Alatawi NS, Ibrahim MAA, Ans M, Khera RA. Designing of Thiophene [3, 2-b] Pyrrole Ring-Based NFAs for High-Performance Electron Transport Materials: A DFT Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:11118-11137. [PMID: 37008161 PMCID: PMC10061509 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Among the blended components of a photoactive layer in organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells, the acceptor is of high importance. This importance is attributed to its increased ability to withdraw electrons toward itself for their effective transport toward the respective electrode. In this research work, seven new non-fullerene acceptors were designed for their possible utilization in the OPVs. These molecules were designed through side-chain engineering of the PTBTP-4F molecule, with its fused pyrrole ring-based donor core and different strongly electron-withdrawing acceptors. To elucidate their effectiveness, the band gaps, absorption characteristics, chemical reactivity indices, and photovoltaic parameters of all of the architecture molecules were compared with the reference. Through various computational software, transition density matrices, graphs of absorption, and density of states were also plotted for these molecules. From some chemical reactivity indices and electron mobility values, it was proposed that our newly designed molecules could be better electron-transporting materials than the reference. Among all, TP1, due to its most stabilized frontier molecular orbitals, lowest band gap and excitation energies, highest absorption maxima in both the solvent and gas medium, least hardness, highest ionization potential, superior electron affinity, lowest electron reorganization energy, as well as highest rate constant of charge hopping, seemed to be the best molecule in terms of its electron-withdrawing abilities in the photoactive layer blend. In addition, in terms of all of the photovoltaic parameters, TP4-TP7 was perceived to be better suited in comparison to TPR. Thus, all our suggested molecules could act as superior acceptors to TPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar
Javaid Akram
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - N. M. A. Hadia
- Physics
Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 72446, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Shawky
- Science
and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department
of Chemistry and Punjab Bio-Energy Institute, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Naifa S. Alatawi
- Physics
Department, Faculty of Science, University
of Tabuk, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- School of
Health Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Muhammad Ans
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rasheed Ahmad Khera
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Novel A-π-D-π-A-type non-fullerene acceptors for solution-processed organic photovoltaic cells: A DFT study. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Waqas M, Hadia N, Hessien M, Javaid Akram S, Shawky AM, Iqbal J, Ibrahim MA, Ahmad Khera R. Designing of symmetrical A-D-A type non-fullerene acceptors by side-chain engineering of an indacenodithienothiophene (IDTT) core based molecule: A computational approach. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Spirothienoquinoline-based acceptor molecular systems for organic solar cell applications: DFT investigation. J Mol Model 2022; 28:244. [PMID: 35927594 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05226-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
In this research, eight three-dimensional benzothiadiazole and spirothienoquinoline-based donor molecules of the A-D-A-D-A configuration were formulated by introducing new acceptor groups (A1-A4) to the terminal sites of recently synthesized potent donor molecule (tBuSAF-Th-BT-Th-tBuSAF). Frontier molecular orbital analysis, reorganization energies, the density of states analysis, transition density matrix analysis, dipole moment, open-circuit voltage, and some photophysical properties were all assessed using CAMB3LYP/LanL2DZ. The optoelectronic properties of freshly proposed compounds were compared to the reference molecule (SQR). Due to the existence of robust electron-attracting acceptor moiety, SQM3 and SQM7 had the greatest maximum absorption of all other investigated molecules, with the values of 534 and 536 nm, respectively. The maximum dipole moment, narrow bandgap (3.81 eV and 3.66 eV), and HOMO energies (- 5.92 eV, 5.95 eV) are also found in SQM3 and SQM7, respectively. The SQM3 molecule also possesses the least reorganization energy for hole mobility (0.007237 eV) than all other considered molecules. The open-circuit voltage of all the molecules considered to be donors, was calculated with respect to PC61BM and it is estimated that except SQM7 and SQM3 all other newly developed molecules have improved open-circuit voltage. The findings show that most of the designed donor molecules can perform better experimentally and should be employed for practical implementations in the future.
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Rani M, Iqbal J, Farhat Mehmood R, Ullah Rashid E, Misbah, Rani S, Raheel M, Ahmad Khera R. Strategies toward the end-group modifications of indacenodithiophene based non-fullerene small molecule acceptor to improve the efficiency of Organic solar Cells; a DFT study. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Akram SJ, Hadia NMA, Iqbal J, Mehmood RF, Iqbal S, Shawky AM, Asif A, Somaily HH, Raheel M, Khera RA. Impact of various heterocyclic π-linkers and their substitution position on the opto-electronic attributes of the A–π–D–π–A type IECIO-4F molecule: a comparative analysis. RSC Adv 2022; 12:20792-20806. [PMID: 35919141 PMCID: PMC9297698 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04097b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the consequence of different substitution positions of various π-linkers on the photovoltaic properties of an organic solar cell molecule, we have introduced two series of six three-donor molecules, by the substitution of some effective π-linkers on the A–π–D–π–A type reference molecule IECIO-4F (taken as IOR). In series “a” the thienyl or furyl bridge is directly linked between the donor and acceptor moieties, while in series “b” the phenyl ring of the same bridge is working as the direct point of attachment. The frontier molecular orbitals, density of states, transition density matrix, molecular electrostatic potential surfaces, exciton binding energy, excitation energy, wavelength of maximum absorption, open-circuit voltage, fill factor, and some other photovoltaic attributes of the proposed molecules were analyzed through density functional theory (DFT) and its time-dependent (TD) approach; the TD-DFT method. Though both series of newly derived molecules were a step up from the reference molecule in almost all of the studied characteristics, the “a” series (IO1a to IO3a) seemed to be better due to their desirable properties such as the highest maximum absorption wavelength (λmax), open-circuit voltage, and fill factor, along with the lowest excitation and exciton dissociation energy, etc. of its molecules. Also, the studied morphology, optical characteristics, and electronic attributes of this series of proposed molecules signified the fact that the molecules with thienyl or furyl ring working as the direct link between the acceptor and donor molecules showed enhanced charge transfer abilities, and could provide a maximum quantum yield of the solar energy supplied. We have introduced two series of six three-donor molecules, by the substitution of some effective π-linkers on the A–π–D–π–A type reference molecule IECIO-4F (taken as IOR) for efficient organic solar cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Javaid Akram
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N. M. A. Hadia
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Farhat Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Township, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Saleem Iqbal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Wah Engineering College, University of Wah, Quaid Avenue, 47040 Wah Cantt, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed M. Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areeba Asif
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H. H. Somaily
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Raheel
- Department of Chemistry, Baluchistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Rasheed Ahmad Khera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
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