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Breda C, Santero S, Conti MV, Cena H. Programmes to manage food selectivity in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Nutr Res Rev 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38385245 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422424000052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterised by impaired social communication and restricted interests/repetitive behaviours. In this regard, sensory processing difficulties and delayed oral motor skills often predispose individuals with ASD to food selectivity (FS). It is usually associated with repetitive eating patterns that can lead to multiple malnutrition conditions. The objective of this narrative review is to present an overview about the existing nutritional interventions aiming at promoting a healthy eating pattern and addressing food selectivity among individuals with ASD. Regarding the interventions targeting nutrition education, the majority of the analysed studies failed to demonstrate their effectiveness. On the other hand, many educational interventions involving taste or cooking sessions, as well as behavioural interventions for FS, demonstrated effective results. Moreover, multidisciplinary in tailoring such programmes, including psychology speech therapy and nutritional skills, is acknowledged as a key approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Breda
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Bassi 21, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Santero
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Bassi 21, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Conti
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Bassi 21, Pavia, Italy
| | - Hellas Cena
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Bassi 21, Pavia, Italy
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Zhang W, Xiong K, Zhu C, Evans R, Zhou L, Podrini C. Promoting child and adolescent health through wearable technology: A systematic review. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241260507. [PMID: 38868368 PMCID: PMC11168039 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241260507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Wearable technology is used in healthcare to monitor the health of individuals. This study presents an updated systematic literature review of the use of wearable technology in promoting child and adolescent health, accompanied by recommendations for future research. Methods This review focuses on studies involving children and adolescents aged between 2 and 18 years, regardless of their health condition or disabilities. Studies that were published from 2016 to 2024, and which met the inclusion criteria, were extracted from four academic databases (i.e. PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science) using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Data on intervention purposes, interventions deployed, intervention duration, measurements, and the main outcomes of the studies were collected. Results A total of 53 studies involving 14,852 participants were reviewed. They focused on various aspects, including the ownership and use of wearable devices (n = 3), the feasibility (n = 22), effectiveness (n = 4), and adherence (n = 2) of intervention strategies, or a combination of multiple aspects (n = 22). Among the interventions deployed, Fitbit was the most frequently used, featuring in 26 studies, followed by ActiGraph (n = 11). In intervention studies, the majority of studies focused on pre-morbidity prevention (n = 26) and the treatment of illnesses (n = 20), with limited attention given to postoperative monitoring (n = 4). Conclusions The use of wearable technology by children and adolescents has proven to be both feasible and effective for health promotion. This systematic review summarizes existing research by exploring the use of wearable technology in promoting health across diverse youth populations, including healthy and unhealthy individuals. It examines health promotion at various stages of the disease continuum, including pre-disease prevention, in-disease treatment, and postoperative monitoring. Additionally, the review provides directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Keying Xiong
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengyan Zhu
- School of Political Science and Public Administration, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Richard Evans
- College of Digital Transformation, Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- School of Public Administration and Law, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Bent MA, Valenzuela-Moss JN, Smith KA, Castillo P, Van Speybroeck A, Omar H, Antoniak K, Lin A, Wren TAL. Using a mobile health app in a weight management program for overweight and obese adolescents and young adults with spina bifida. J Spinal Cord Med 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37769142 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2023.2231675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with spina bifida (SB) are more susceptible to obesity due to impaired mobility. There is limited access to physical activity for this population. OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a mobile health app in a weight management program for AYA with SB. This was determined by measuring program adherence, active use of the app (defined as ≥3 uses per week), and user rating of the Pt Pal™ mobile app. Secondary outcomes were changes in BMI, quality of life, and health behavior, and the number of active participants over time. METHODS Patients from the SB Clinic of a large metropolitan hospital between the ages of 11-21 years and overweight were invited to participate. The program consisted of group nutrition sessions and an individualized exercise plan using a mobile app with coaching. Outcome measures were program adherence, changes in BMI, and validated survey responses. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS Fifteen participants enrolled, and ten participants completed the program. Five of the ten participants attended the nutrition sessions. The number of active app users declined after the first week. Seventy percent of participants decreased their BMI. Most participants reported the program improved their ability to exercise regularly, eat a healthier diet and feel more self-confident. Peds QL™ psychosocial health domains increased postintervention. The YRBS showed increased physical activity and less sedentary time postintervention. CONCLUSIONS This mobile app-based weight management program with coaching implemented may not be feasible for adoption in the general population of AYA with SB; however, it was well received by some, and further testing is needed to determine how to improve feasibility. This study provides useful information to guide future programs utilizing digital health and coaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Bent
- Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Spina Bifida Clinic, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Kathryn A Smith
- Spina Bifida Clinic, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Patricia Castillo
- Spina Bifida Clinic, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alexander Van Speybroeck
- Spina Bifida Clinic, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hanna Omar
- Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Katherine Antoniak
- Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Adrian Lin
- Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tishya A L Wren
- Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Gamification for Family Engagement in Lifestyle Interventions: A Systematic Review. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2021; 22:831-844. [PMID: 33786746 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-021-01214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The majority of chronic conditions that plague the USA are modifiable by lifestyle change. Lifestyle interventions that incorporate family members for social support and that use game design elements to engage family members have the potential to improve upon traditional interventions, which have largely been unsustainable. Determining the populations where family member support in a lifestyle intervention are present and the extent of gamification of lifestyle intervention components that engage these family members is an important and underexplored area of work. A systematic review of lifestyle interventions involving family members were reviewed for game design elements using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. Game design elements related to engaged learning and motivational affordances from previous literature were included. Sixty-one studies met inclusion criteria. These studies reported on 50 independent interventions that were reviewed. Thirty-one of these interventions addressed lifestyle in those with a chronic condition, and 19 addressed lifestyle in those at high risk for chronic conditions. The majority of the lifestyle interventions included at least one game design element, yet overall there were limited elements utilized together. Compared with successful gamified programs that have greatly impacted a population's health behaviors, there were relatively a limited number of elements reported, particularly those that support social relatedness, such as meaningful storylines. Meaningfulness of the game design elements chosen and their arrangement was not apparent. Technology was under-utilized as a potential modality for intervention component delivery. Developing products to train researchers to properly apply game design elements to intervention components, as well as test their effectiveness, are areas for future research.
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Yen HY, Huang HY. Comparisons of physical activity and sedentary behavior between owners and non-owners of commercial wearable devices. Perspect Public Health 2021; 141:89-96. [PMID: 33733947 DOI: 10.1177/1757913921989389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Wearable devices are a new strategy for promoting physical activity in a free-living condition that utilizes self-monitoring, self-awareness, and self-determination. The main purpose of this study was to explore health benefits of commercial wearable devices by comparing physical activity, sedentary time, sleep quality, and other health outcomes between individuals who used and those that did not use commercial wearable devices. METHODS The research design was a cross-sectional study using an Internet survey in Taiwan. Self-administered questionnaires included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile, and World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale. RESULTS In total, 781 participants were recruited, including 50% who were users of wearable devices and 50% non-users in the most recent 3 months. Primary outcomes revealed that wearable device users had significantly higher self-reported walking, moderate physical activity, and total physical activity, and significantly lower sedentary time than non-users. Wearable device users had significantly better sleep quality than non-users. CONCLUSION Wearable devices inspire users' motivation, engagement, and interest in physical activity through habit formation. Wearable devices are recommended to increase physical activity and decrease sedentary behavior for promoting good health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yen Yen
- School of Gerontology Health Management, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yun Huang
- Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, Australia
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Yen HY. Smart wearable devices as a psychological intervention for healthy lifestyle and quality of life: a randomized controlled trial. Qual Life Res 2020; 30:791-802. [PMID: 33104939 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Creating a healthy lifestyle is important across different life stages. Commercial smart wearable devices are an innovative and interesting approach as an early psychological intervention for modifying health-related behaviors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the effects of smart wearable devices on health-promoting lifestyles and quality of life. METHODS The study design was a three-parallel randomized controlled trial with a 3-month intervention. Two commercial smart wearable devices (smartwatches and smart bracelets) with different levels of complicated functions were applied as a psychological intervention in comparison with a smartphone app as the control group. Participants were healthy young adults with a median age of 26 years. Outcome measurements were conducted by self-administered questionnaires. Chi-square tests and ANOVA were performed for testing the difference of participants at baseline, and generalized estimating equations were performed for testing the effect of the intervention. RESULTS At the beginning, 81 participants were recruited and 73 participants completed the study. Results of a healthy lifestyle demonstrated significant group effects of exercise and a significant effect of the interaction for self-actualization and stress management in the experimental group with a smartwatch (Self-actualization: MD = 0.35[- 0.10,0.80]; Exercise: MD = 0.21[- 0.33 0.75]; Stress management: MD = 0.36[- 0.04,0.76]) by comparing with only using mobile app (Self-actualization: MD = - 0.03[- 0.25,0.18]; Exercise: MD = - 0.12[- 0.38,0.14]; Stress management, MD = - 0.28[- 0.55,0.00]). The significant effect of group-by-time interaction for self-actualization was found in the experimental group with a smart bracelet (MD = 0.05[- 0.30,0.20]) by comparing with the control group. The GEE-adjusted model indicated significant effects of the interaction on the comprehensive, physical, and mental quality of life in the experimental group with the smartwatch (Comprehensive: MD = 0.24[- 0.04,0.52]; Physical: MD = 0.67[0.26,1.09]; Mental: MD = 0.72[0.29,1.16]) by comparing with the control group (Comprehensive: MD = - 1.57[- 2.55, - 0.59]; Physical: MD = 0.25[0.00,0.50]; Mental: MD = 0.08[- 0.11,0.27]). CONCLUSION From a psychological perspective, smart wearable devices have potential benefits of shaping a healthy lifestyle and improving the quality of life. Enhancing the utility of commercial well-designed smart wearable devices is an innovative and effective strategy for promoting public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yen Yen
- School of Gerontology Health Management, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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