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Kim J, Maharjan R, Park J. Current Trends and Innovative Approaches in Cancer Immunotherapy. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:168. [PMID: 39044047 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is one of the most promising therapeutic approaches in the field of cancer treatment. As a tumor progresses, tumor cells employ an array of immune-regulatory mechanisms to suppress immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. Using our understanding of these mechanisms, cancer immunotherapy has been developed to enhance the immune system's effectiveness in treating cancer. Numerous cancer immunotherapies are currently in clinical use, yet many others are either in different stages of development or undergoing clinical studies. In this paper, we briefly discuss the features and current status of cancer immunotherapies. This includes the application of monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, cytokine therapy, cancer vaccines, and gene therapy, all of which have gained significant recognition in clinical practice. Additionally, we discuss limitations that may hinder successful clinical utilization and promising strategies, such as combining immunotherapy with nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaechang Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Ruby Maharjan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Jonghyuck Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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2
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Hamilton AG, Swingle KL, Thatte AS, Mukalel AJ, Safford HC, Billingsley MM, El-Mayta RD, Han X, Nachod BE, Joseph RA, Metzloff AE, Mitchell MJ. High-Throughput In Vivo Screening Identifies Differential Influences on mRNA Lipid Nanoparticle Immune Cell Delivery by Administration Route. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16151-16165. [PMID: 38861479 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Immune modulation through the intracellular delivery of nucleoside-modified mRNA to immune cells is an attractive approach for in vivo immunoengineering, with applications in infectious disease, cancer immunotherapy, and beyond. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have come to the fore as a promising nucleic acid delivery platform, but LNP design criteria remain poorly defined, making the rate-limiting step for LNP discovery the screening process. In this study, we employed high-throughput in vivo LNP screening based on molecular barcoding to investigate the influence of LNP composition on immune tropism with applications in vaccines and systemic immunotherapies. Screening a large LNP library under both intramuscular (i.m.) and intravenous (i.v.) injection, we observed differential influences on LNP uptake by immune populations across the two administration routes, gleaning insight into LNP design criteria for in vivo immunoengineering. In validation studies, the lead LNP formulation for i.m. administration demonstrated substantial mRNA translation in the spleen and draining lymph nodes with a more favorable biodistribution profile than LNPs formulated with the clinical standard ionizable lipid DLin-MC3-DMA (MC3). The lead LNP formulations for i.v. administration displayed potent immune transfection in the spleen and peripheral blood, with one lead LNP demonstrating substantial transfection of splenic dendritic cells and another inducing substantial transfection of circulating monocytes. Altogether, the immunotropic LNPs identified by high-throughput in vivo screening demonstrated significant promise for both locally- and systemically-delivered mRNA and confirmed the value of the LNP design criteria gleaned from our screening process, which could potentially inform future endeavors in mRNA vaccine and immunotherapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex G Hamilton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kelsey L Swingle
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ajay S Thatte
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alvin J Mukalel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hannah C Safford
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Margaret M Billingsley
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Rakan D El-Mayta
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xuexiang Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Benjamin E Nachod
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ryann A Joseph
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ann E Metzloff
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Center for Precision Engineering for Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Institute for RNA Innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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3
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Xu K, Zhang Q, Zhu D, Jiang Z. Hydrogels in Gene Delivery Techniques for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300577. [PMID: 38265144 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels are 3D networks swollen with water. They are biocompatible, strong, and moldable and are emerging as a promising biomedical material for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering to deliver therapeutic genes. The excellent natural extracellular matrix simulation properties of hydrogels enable them to be co-cultured with cells or enhance the expression of viral or non-viral vectors. Its biocompatibility, high strength, and degradation performance also make the action process of carriers in tissues more ideal, making it an ideal biomedical material. It has been shown that hydrogel-based gene delivery technologies have the potential to play therapy-relevant roles in organs such as bone, cartilage, nerve, skin, reproductive organs, and liver in animal experiments and preclinical trials. This paper reviews recent articles on hydrogels in gene delivery and explains the manufacture, applications, developmental timeline, limitations, and future directions of hydrogel-based gene delivery techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexing Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinmeng Zhang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Danji Zhu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Zhiwei Jiang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
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4
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Prasher P, Sharma M, Agarwal V, Singh SK, Gupta G, Dureja H, Dua K. Cationic cycloamylose based nucleic acid nanocarriers. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 395:111000. [PMID: 38614318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acid delivery by viral and non-viral methods has been a cornerstone for the contemporary gene therapy aimed at correcting the defective genes, replacing of the missing genes, or downregulating the expression of anomalous genes is highly desirable for the management of various diseases. Ostensibly, it becomes paramount for the delivery vectors to intersect the biological barriers for accessing their destined site within the cellular environment. However, the lipophilic nature of biological membranes and their potential to limit the entry of large sized, charged, hydrophilic molecules thus presenting a sizeable challenge for the cellular integration of negatively charged nucleic acids. Furthermore, the susceptibility of nucleic acids towards the degrading enzymes (nucleases) in the lysosomes present in cytoplasm is another matter of concern for their cellular and nuclear delivery. Hence, there is a pressing need for the identification and development of cationic delivery systems which encapsulate the cargo nucleic acids where the charge facilitates their cellular entry by evading the membrane barriers, and the encapsulation shields them from the enzymatic attack in cytoplasm. Cycloamylose bearing a closed loop conformation presents a robust candidature in this regard owing to its remarkable encapsulating tendency towards nucleic acids including siRNA, CpG DNA, and siRNA. The presence of numerous hydroxyl groups on the cycloamylose periphery provides sites for its chemical modification for the introduction of cationic groups, including spermine, (3-Chloro-2 hydroxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (Q188), and diethyl aminoethane (DEAE). The resulting cationic cycloamylose possesses a remarkable transfection efficiency and provides stability to cargo oligonucleotides against endonucleases, in addition to modulating the undesirable side effects such as unwanted immune stimulation. Cycloamylose is known to interact with the cell membranes where they release certain membrane components such as phospholipids and cholesterol thereby resulting in membrane destabilization and permeabilization. Furthermore, cycloamylose derivatives also serve as formulation excipients for improving the efficiency of other gene delivery systems. This review delves into the various vector and non-vector-based gene delivery systems, their advantages, and limitations, eventually leading to the identification of cycloamylose as an ideal candidate for nucleic acid delivery. The synthesis of cationic cycloamylose is briefly discussed in each section followed by its application for specific delivery/transfection of a particular nucleic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Energy Acres, Dehradun, 248007, India.
| | - Mousmee Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Vipul Agarwal
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Center in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Center in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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Mozafari N, Jahanbekam S, Ashrafi H, Shahbazi MA, Azadi A. Recent Biomaterial-Assisted Approaches for Immunotherapeutic Inhibition of Cancer Recurrence. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1207-1234. [PMID: 38416058 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials possess distinctive properties, notably their ability to encapsulate active biological products while providing biocompatible support. The immune system plays a vital role in preventing cancer recurrence, and there is considerable demand for an effective strategy to prevent cancer recurrence, necessitating effective strategies to address this concern. This review elucidates crucial cellular signaling pathways in cancer recurrence. Furthermore, it underscores the potential of biomaterial-based tools in averting or inhibiting cancer recurrence by modulating the immune system. Diverse biomaterials, including hydrogels, particles, films, microneedles, etc., exhibit promising capabilities in mitigating cancer recurrence. These materials are compelling candidates for cancer immunotherapy, offering in situ immunostimulatory activity through transdermal, implantable, and injectable devices. They function by reshaping the tumor microenvironment and impeding tumor growth by reducing immunosuppression. Biomaterials facilitate alterations in biodistribution, release kinetics, and colocalization of immunostimulatory agents, enhancing the safety and efficacy of therapy. Additionally, how the method addresses the limitations of other therapeutic approaches is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Mozafari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71468 64685 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sheida Jahanbekam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71468 64685 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hajar Ashrafi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71468 64685 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Amir Azadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71468 64685 Shiraz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71468 64685 Shiraz, Iran
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6
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Neshat SY, Chan CHR, Harris J, Zmily OM, Est-Witte S, Karlsson J, Shannon SR, Jain M, Doloff JC, Green JJ, Tzeng SY. Polymeric nanoparticle gel for intracellular mRNA delivery and immunological reprogramming of tumors. Biomaterials 2023; 300:122185. [PMID: 37290232 PMCID: PMC10330908 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Immuno-oncology therapies have been of great interest with the goal of inducing sustained tumor regression, but clinical results have demonstrated the need for improved and widely applicable methods. An antigen-free method of cancer immunotherapy can stimulate the immune system to recruit lymphocytes and produce immunostimulatory factors without prior knowledge of neoantigens, while local delivery reduces the risk of systemic toxicity. To improve the interactions between tumor cells and cytotoxic lymphocytes, a gene delivery nanoparticle platform was engineered to reprogram the tumor microenvironment (TME) in situ to be more immunostimulatory by inducing tumor-associated antigen-presenting cells (tAPCs) to activate cytotoxic lymphocytes against the tumor. Biodegradable, lipophilic poly (beta-amino ester) (PBAE) nanoparticles were synthesized and used to co-deliver mRNA constructs encoding a signal 2 co-stimulatory molecule (4-1BBL) and a signal 3 immuno-stimulatory cytokine (IL-12), along with a nucleic acid-based immunomodulatory adjuvant. Nanoparticles are combined with a thermoresponsive block copolymer for gelation at the injection site for local NP retention at the tumor. The reprogramming nanoparticle gel synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) to induce tumor regression and clearance in addition to resistance to tumor rechallenge at a distant site. In vitro and in vivo studies reveal increases in immunostimulatory cytokine production and recruitment of immune cells as a result of the nanoparticles. Intratumoral injection of nanoparticles encapsulating mRNA encoding immunostimulatory agents and adjuvants via an injectable thermoresponsive gel has great translational potential as an immuno-oncology therapy that can be accessible to a wide range of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Y Neshat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Chun Hei Ryan Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Jawaun Harris
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Osamah M Zmily
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Savannah Est-Witte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Johan Karlsson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Sydney R Shannon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Manav Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Joshua C Doloff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA; Department of Oncology, Sidney-Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA; Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Jordan J Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA; Department of Oncology, Sidney-Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA; Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA; Departments of Ophthalmology and Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Stephany Y Tzeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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Niu H, Zhao P, Sun W. Biomaterials for chimeric antigen receptor T cell engineering. Acta Biomater 2023; 166:1-13. [PMID: 37137403 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells have achieved breakthrough efficacies against hematological malignancies, but their unsatisfactory efficacies in solid tumors limit their applications. The prohibitively high prices further restrict their access to broader populations. Novel strategies are urgently needed to address these challenges, and engineering biomaterials can be one promising approach. The established process for manufacturing CAR-T cells involves multiple steps, and biomaterials can help simplify or improve several of them. In this review, we cover recent progress in engineering biomaterials for producing or stimulating CAR-T cells. We focus on the engineering of non-viral gene delivery nanoparticles for transducing CAR into T cells ex vivo/in vitro or in vivo. We also dive into the engineering of nano-/microparticles or implantable scaffolds for local delivery or stimulation of CAR-T cells. These biomaterial-based strategies can potentially change the way CAR-T cells are manufactured, significantly reducing their cost. Modulating the tumor microenvironment with the biomaterials can also considerably enhance the efficacy of CAR-T cells in solid tumors. We pay special attention to progress made in the past five years, and perspectives on future challenges and opportunities are also discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapies have revolutionized the field of cancer immunotherapy with genetically engineered tumor recognition. They are also promising for treating many other diseases. However, the widespread application of CAR-T cell therapy has been hampered by the high manufacturing cost. Poor penetration of CAR-T cells into solid tissues further restricted their use. While biological strategies have been explored to improve CAR-T cell therapies, such as identifying new cancer targets or integrating smart CARs, biomaterial engineering provides alternative strategies toward better CAR-T cells. In this review, we summarize recent advances in engineering biomaterials for CAR-T cell improvement. Biomaterials ranging from nano-, micro-, and macro-scales have been developed to assist CAR-T cell manufacturing and formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanqing Niu
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
| | - Penghui Zhao
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Wujin Sun
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-Born Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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Wen L, Zan X, Pang Q, Hu Y, Zheng S, Ran M, Gao X, Wang X, Wang B. pIL-12 delivered by polymer based nanovector for anti-tumor genetherapy. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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9
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Zhang S, Xie J, Luo R, Zhang H, Zheng W. MiR-2b-2-5p regulates lipid metabolism and reproduction by targeting CREB in Bactrocera dorsalis. RNA Biol 2023; 20:164-176. [PMID: 37092804 PMCID: PMC10128458 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2023.2204579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In female animals, metabolic homoeostasis and reproductive fitness are critical to population expansion. The trade-off between lipid storage and reproduction inevitably occurs. However, most studies have focused on the complex network of relationships between reproductive and metabolic physiology at the transcriptional level. In this study, we identified a microRNA, miR-2b-2-5p, in a highly invasive quarantine pest, Bactrocera dorsalis. Knockdown of miR-2b-2-5p by antagomiR microinjection impaired ovarian development, reduced fecundity, and decreased triglyceride (TAG) storage in the fat body, whereas overexpression of miR-2b-2-5p by injection of its mimic caused reproductive defects similar to knockdown but increased TAG. Bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase assay indicated that cyclic AMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) was the target gene of miR-2b-2-5p. RNAi-mediated knockdown of CREB led to excessive lipid storage and reproductive defects. Further starvation treatment revealed that miR-2b-2-5p functions by fine-tuning CREB expression in response to dietary stimuli. These results suggest that miR-2b-2-5p acts as a monitor to regulate CREB mRNA levels in the fat body, maintaining lipid homoeostasis and keeping the reproductive system on track. Thus, our study not only provides new insights into the interaction between metabolism and reproduction at the posttranscriptional level in B. dorsalis, but also providing a potential eco-friendly control strategy (RNAi-based biopesticides targeting essential miRNAs) for this notorious agricultural pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengfeng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junfei Xie
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rengang Luo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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10
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Hachim D, Zhao J, Bhankharia J, Nuñez-Toldra R, Brito L, Seong H, Becce M, Ouyang L, Grigsby CL, Higgins SG, Terracciano CM, Stevens MM. Polysaccharide-Polyplex Nanofilm Coatings Enhance Nanoneedle-Based Gene Delivery and Transfection Efficiency. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202303. [PMID: 35770803 PMCID: PMC7615482 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-viral vectors represent versatile and immunologically safer alternatives for nucleic acid delivery. Nanoneedles and high-aspect ratio nanostructures are unconventional but interesting delivery systems, in which delivery is mediated by surface interactions. Herein, nanoneedles are synergistically combined with polysaccharide-polyplex nanofilms and enhanced transfection efficiency is observed, compared to polyplexes in suspension. Different polyplex-polyelectrolyte nanofilm combinations are assessed and it is found that transfection efficiency is enhanced when using polysaccharide-based polyanions, rather than being only specific for hyaluronic acid, as suggested in earlier studies. Moreover, results show that enhanced transfection is not mediated by interactions with the CD44 receptor, previously hypothesized as a major mechanism mediating enhancement via hyaluronate. In cardiac tissue, nanoneedles are shown to increase the transfection efficiency of nanofilms compared to flat substrates; while in vitro, high transfection efficiencies are observed in nanostructures where cells present large interfacing areas with the substrate. The results of this study demonstrate that surface-mediated transfection using this system is efficient and safe, requiring amounts of nucleic acid with an order of magnitude lower than standard culture transfection. These findings expand the spectrum of possible polyelectrolyte combinations that can be used for the development of suitable non-viral vectors for exploration in further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hachim
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Juzhi Zhao
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jash Bhankharia
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Raquel Nuñez-Toldra
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Liliana Brito
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Hyejeong Seong
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Michele Becce
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Liliang Ouyang
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Christopher L. Grigsby
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 65, Sweden
| | - Stuart G. Higgins
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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11
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Freitag PC, Brandl F, Brücher D, Weiss F, Dreier B, Plückthun A. Modular Adapters Utilizing Binders of Different Molecular Types Expand Cell-Targeting Options for Adenovirus Gene Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:1595-1601. [PMID: 35944553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Efficient and cell-specific delivery of DNA is essential for the effective and safe use of gene delivery technologies. Consequently, a large variety of technologies have been developed and applied in a wide range of ex vivo and in vivo applications, including multiple approaches based on viral vectors. However, widespread success of a technology is largely determined by the versatility of the method and the ease of use. The rationally designed adapter technology previously developed redirects widely used human adenovirus serotype 5 (HAdV-C5) to a defined cell population, by binding and blocking the adenoviral knob tropism while simultaneously allowing fusions of an N-terminal retargeting module. Here we expand modularity, and thus applicability of this adapter technology, by extending the nature of the cell-binding portion. We report successful receptor-specific transduction mediated by a retargeting module consisting of either a DARPin, a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) of an antibody, a peptide, or a small molecule ligand. Furthermore, we show that an adapter can be engineered to carry more than one specificity, allowing dual targeting. Specific HAdV-C5 retargeting was thus demonstrated to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), human folate receptor α, and neurotensin receptor 1, effective at vector concentrations as low as a multiplicity of infection of 2.5. Therefore, we report a modular design which allows plug-and-play combinations of different binding modules, leading to efficient and specific mono- or dual-targeting while circumventing tedious optimization procedures. This extends the technology to combinational applications of cell-specific binding, supporting research in gene therapy, synthetic biology, and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C Freitag
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Brandl
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Brücher
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Weiss
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Birgit Dreier
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Plückthun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Meng J, Zhang P, Chen Q, Wang Z, Gu Y, Ma J, Li W, Yang C, Qiao Y, Hou Y, Jing L, Wang Y, Gu Z, Zhu L, Xu H, Lu X, Gao M. Two-Pronged Intracellular Co-Delivery of Antigen and Adjuvant for Synergistic Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202168. [PMID: 35362203 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanovaccines have emerged as promising alternatives or complements to conventional cancer treatments. Despite the progresses, specific co-delivery of antigen and adjuvant to their corresponding intracellular destinations for maximizing the activation of antitumor immune responses remains a challenge. Herein, a lipid-coated iron oxide nanoparticle is delivered as nanovaccine (IONP-C/O@LP) that can co-deliver peptide antigen and adjuvant (CpG DNA) into cytosol and lysosomes of dendritic cells (DCs) through both membrane fusion and endosome-mediated endocytosis. Such two-pronged cellular uptake pattern enables IONP-C/O@LP to synergistically activate immature DCs. Iron oxide nanoparticle also exhibits adjuvant effects by generating intracellular reactive oxygen species, which further promotes DC maturation. IONP-C/O@LP accumulated in the DCs of draining lymph nodes effectively increases the antigen-specific T cells in both tumor and spleen, inhibits tumor growth, and improves animal survival. Moreover, it is demonstrated that this nanovaccine is a general platform of delivering clinically relevant peptide antigens derived from human papilloma virus 16 to trigger antigen-specific immune responses in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Meng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peisen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qizhe Chen
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuan Gu
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wang Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yi Hou
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lihong Jing
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zi Gu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Lichong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Haozhen Xu
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1804, USA
| | - Xueguang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Mingyuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Chuang ST, Conklin B, Stein JB, Pan G, Lee KB. Nanotechnology-enabled immunoengineering approaches to advance therapeutic applications. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:19. [PMID: 35482149 PMCID: PMC9047473 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has reached clinical success in the last decade, with the emergence of new and effective treatments such as checkpoint blockade therapy and CAR T-cell therapy that have drastically improved patient outcomes. Still, these therapies can be improved to limit off-target effects, mitigate systemic toxicities, and increase overall efficacies. Nanoscale engineering offers strategies that enable researchers to attain these goals through the manipulation of immune cell functions, such as enhancing immunity against cancers and pathogens, controlling the site of immune response, and promoting tolerance via the delivery of small molecule drugs or biologics. By tuning the properties of the nanomaterials, such as size, shape, charge, and surface chemistry, different types of immune cells can be targeted and engineered, such as dendritic cells for immunization, or T cells for promoting adaptive immunity. Researchers have come to better understand the critical role the immune system plays in the progression of pathologies besides cancer, and developing nanoengineering approaches that seek to harness the potential of immune cell activities can lead to favorable outcomes for the treatment of injuries and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skylar T Chuang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Brandon Conklin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Joshua B Stein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - George Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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Tian Y, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Chen X, Lei L, Hu T. Antisense vicR-Loaded Dendritic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Regulate the Biofilm Organization and Cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1255-1272. [PMID: 35340824 PMCID: PMC8956320 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s334785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose VicR is the essential response regulator related to the synthesis of exopolysaccharide (EPS) – one of the main cariogenic factors of S. mutans. An antisense vicR RNA (ASvicR) could bind to vicR mRNA, hindering the transcription and translation of the vicR gene. We had constructed a recombinant plasmid containing the ASvicR sequence (plasmid-ASvicR) and proved that it could reduce EPS synthesis, biofilm formation, and cariogenicity. However, the recombinant plasmids are supposed to be protected from enzymatic degradation and possess higher transformation efficiency. The principal objective of the present research was to construct an appropriate vector that can carry and protect the plasmid-ASvicR and investigate the effects of the carried plasmids on the cariogenicity of the S. mutans. Methods Aminated dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs-NH2) were synthesized and characterized. The ability of DMSNs-NH2 to carry and preserve the plasmid-ASvicR (DMSNs-NH2-ASvicR) was proved by the loading curve, agarose electrophoresis, DNase I digestion assays, and energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) mapping. Transformation assays demonstrated whether the plasmid could enter S. mutans. The effect of DMSNs-NH2-ASvicR on the 12-hour and 24-hour biofilms of S. mutans was evaluated by biofilm formation experiments and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The cytotoxicity of DMSNs-NH2-ASvicR was assessed by CCK-8 and live/dead staining assays. The regulation of DMSNs-NH2-ASvicR on the cariogenicity of S. mutans was also evaluated in vivo. Results DMSNs-NH2 could load approximately 92% of plasmid-ASvicR at a mass ratio of 80 and protect most of plasmid-ASvicR from degradation by DNase I. The plasmid-ASvicR loaded on DMSNs-NH2 could be transformed into S. mutans, which down-regulated the expression of the vicR gene, reducing EPS synthesis and biofilm organization of S. mutans. DMSNs-NH2-ASvicR exhibited favorable biocompatibility, laying a foundation for its subsequent biomedical application. In addition, DMSNs-NH2-ASvicR led to decreased caries in vivo. Conclusion DMSNs-NH2 is a suitable vector of plasmid-ASvicR, and DMSNs-NH2-ASvicR can inhibit biofilm formation, reducing the cariogenicity of S. mutans. These findings reveal that DMSNs-NH2-ASvicR is a promising agent for preventing and treating dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjiao Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianchun Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
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Huang Z, Xiao YP, Guo Y, Yang HZ, Zhao RM, Zhang J, Yu XQ. A cyclen-based fluoropolymer as a versatile vector for gene and protein delivery. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Kamegawa R, Naito M, Uchida S, Kim HJ, Kim BS, Miyata K. Bioinspired Silicification of mRNA-Loaded Polyion Complexes for Macrophage-Targeted mRNA Delivery. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:7790-7799. [PMID: 35006762 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In vitro transcribed messenger RNA (mRNA) delivery to macrophages is a promising therapeutic modality for inflammatory diseases because it can modulate the immunological activity of macrophages. However, efficient macrophage-targeted mRNA delivery remains challenging. Herein, we fabricated silica-coated polyion complexes (PICs), termed SilPICs, via bioinspired silicification for stable encapsulation of mRNA and scavenger receptor (SR)-mediated macrophage targeting. Silica coating was readily performed by simply mixing mRNA-loaded PICs with tetramethyl orthosilicate in aqueous media at 25 °C. The silica shell formation was verified by a slight increase in size (∼18 nm), a conversion of ζ-potential from positive (+22 mV) to negative (-23 mV), the peak appearance derived from silanol groups and siloxane bonds in the IR spectra, and elemental analyses by scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (STEM-EDS). The silica shell efficiently protected the mRNA payload from enzymatic degradation in a fetal bovine serum-containing medium. Meanwhile, the reversibility of the silica shell allowed mRNA release from SilPICs after silica dissolution into silicic acids under diluted conditions. Furthermore, SilPICs elicited 20-fold higher mRNA transfection efficiency in the macrophage cell line RAW264.7 compared to noncoated PICs, presumably due to the facilitated cellular internalization by the silica shell. These enhancements were compromised in the RAW264.7 cells incubated with dextran sulfate and poly(inosinic acid) as inhibitors of SR type A1 and were not observed in cultured CT26 colon cancer cells, which are SR-negative cells. Collectively, SilPIC is a promising mRNA delivery vehicle with both mRNA protectability and macrophage targetability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimpei Kamegawa
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Naito
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uchida
- Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamohangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0823, Japan
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Beob Soo Kim
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kanjiro Miyata
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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17
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Mancinelli S, Turcato A, Kisslinger A, Bongiovanni A, Zazzu V, Lanati A, Liguori GL. Design of transfections: Implementation of design of experiments for cell transfection fine tuning. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4488-4502. [PMID: 34406655 PMCID: PMC9291525 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Transfection is the process by which nucleic acids are introduced into eukaryotic cells. This is fundamental in basic research for studying gene function and modulation of gene expression as well as for many bioprocesses in the manufacturing of clinical‐grade recombinant biologics from cells. Transfection efficiency is a critical parameter to increase biologics' productivity; the right protocol has to be identified to ensure high transfection efficiency and therefore high product yield. Design of experiments (DoE) is a mathematical method that has become a key tool in bioprocess development. Based on the DoE method, we developed an operational flow that we called “Design of Transfections” (DoT) for specific transfection modeling and identification of the optimal transfection conditions. As a proof of principle, we applied the DoT workflow to optimize a cell transfection chemical protocol for neural progenitors, using polyethyleneimine (PEI). We simultaneously varied key influencing factors, namely concentration and type of PEI, DNA concentration, and cell density. The transfection efficiency was measured by fluorescence imaging followed by automatic counting of the green fluorescent transfected cells. Taking advantage of the DoT workflow, we developed a new simple, efficient, and economically advantageous PEI transfection protocol through which we were able to obtain a transfection efficiency of 34%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mancinelli
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Annamaria Kisslinger
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Bongiovanni
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Valeria Zazzu
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Lucia Liguori
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
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18
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Est-Witte SE, Livingston NK, Omotoso MO, Green JJ, Schneck JP. Nanoparticles for generating antigen-specific T cells for immunotherapy. Semin Immunol 2021; 56:101541. [PMID: 34922816 PMCID: PMC8900015 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
T cell therapy shows promise as an immunotherapy in both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive applications. However, the forms of T cell-based therapy that are currently in the clinic, such as adoptive cell transfer and vaccines, are limited by cost, time-to-treatment, and patient variability. Nanoparticles offer a modular, universal platform to improve the efficacy of various T cell therapies as nanoparticle properties can be easily modified for enhanced cell targeting, organ targeting, and cell internalization. Nanoparticles can enhance or even replace endogenous cells during each step of generating an antigen-specific T cell response - from antigen presentation and T cell activation to T cell maintenance. In this review, we discuss the unique applications of nanoparticles for antigen-specific T cell therapy, focusing on nanoparticles as vaccines (to activate endogenous antigen presenting cells (APCs)), as artificial Antigen Presenting Cells (aAPCs, to directly activate T cells), and as drug delivery vehicles (to support activated T cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah E Est-Witte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, USA, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Natalie K Livingston
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, USA, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mary O Omotoso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jordan J Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, USA, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Departments of Ophthalmology, Oncology, Neurosurgery, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, and The Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
| | - Jonathan P Schneck
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Zhang Q, Dou W, Taning CNT, Smagghe G, Wang JJ. Regulatory roles of microRNAs in insect pests: prospective targets for insect pest control. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 70:158-166. [PMID: 34090114 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
At the post-transcriptional level, microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the regulation of gene expression, thereby influencing the outcome of many biological processes in insects, such as development, reproduction, metamorphosis, immunity, and insecticide resistance. The alteration of miRNA expression by mimic/agomir or inhibitor/antagomir via injection/feeding can lead to pest developmental abnormalities, death, or reduced pesticide resistance, indicating that miRNAs are potential targets for pest control. This review provides an overview of recent advances in understanding the regulatory roles of miRNA in agricultural and public health insect pest, and further highlights the potential of miRNAs as prospective targets in pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control between Southwest University in China and Ghent University in Belgium, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control between Southwest University in China and Ghent University in Belgium, Chongqing 400715, China
| | | | - Guy Smagghe
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control between Southwest University in China and Ghent University in Belgium, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; International China-Belgium Joint Laboratory on Sustainable Crop Pest Control between Southwest University in China and Ghent University in Belgium, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Musetti SN, Huang L. Tinagl1 Gene Therapy Suppresses Growth and Remodels the Microenvironment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:2032-2038. [PMID: 33877834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains one of the most challenging subtypes of breast cancer to treat and is responsible for approximately 12% of breast cancer cases in the US per year. In 2019, the protein Tinagl1 was identified as a key factor for improved prognoses in certain TNBC patients. While the intracellular mechanism of action has been thoroughly studied, little is known about the role of Tinagl1 in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we developed a lipid nanoparticle-based gene therapy to directly target the expression of Tinagl1 in tumor cells for localized expression. Additionally, we sought to characterize the changes to the tumor microenvironment induced by Tinagl1 treatment, with the goal of informing future choices for combination therapies including Tinagl1. We found that Tinagl1 gene therapy was able to slow tumor growth from the first dose and that the effects held steady for nearly a week following the final dose. No toxicity was found with this treatment. Additionally, the use of Tinagl1 increases the tumor vasculature by 3-fold but does not increase the tumor permeability or risk of metastasis. However, the increase in vasculature arising from Tinagl1 therapy reduced the expression of Hif1a significantly (p < 0.01), which may decrease the risk of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara N Musetti
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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21
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The combined disulfide cross-linking and tyrosine-modification of very low molecular weight linear PEI synergistically enhances transfection efficacies and improves biocompatibility. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 161:56-65. [PMID: 33582186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and non-toxic DNA delivery is still a major limiting factor for non-viral gene therapy. Among the large diversity of non-viral vectors, the cationic polymer polyethylenimine (PEI) plays a prominent role in nucleic acid delivery. Since higher molecular weight of PEI is beneficial for transfection efficacy, but also leads to higher cytotoxicity, the biodegradable cross-linking of low-molecular PEIs, e.g. through disulfide-groups, has been introduced. Another promising strategy is the chemical modification of PEI, for example with amino acids like tyrosine. In the case of small RNA molecules, this PEI grafting has been found to enhance transfection efficacies and improve biocompatibility. In this paper, we report on the combination of these two strategies for improving DNA delivery: the (i) cross-linking of very small 2 kDa PEI ("P2") molecules through biodegradable disulfide-groups ("SS"), in combination with (ii) tyrosine-modification ("Y"). We demonstrate a surprisingly substantial, synergistic enhancement of transfection efficacies of these SSP2Y/DNA complexes over their non- or mono-modified polymer counterparts, accompanied by high biocompatibility as well as favorable physicochemical and biological properties. Beyond various cell lines, high biological activity of the SSP2Y-based complexes is also seen in an ex vivo tissue slice model, more closely mimicking in vivo conditions. The particularly high transfection efficacy SSP2Y/DNA complexes in 2D and 3D models, based on their optimized complex stability and DNA release, as well as their high biocompatibility thus provides the basis for their further exploration for therapeutic application.
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Brücher D, Kirchhammer N, Smith SN, Schumacher J, Schumacher N, Kolibius J, Freitag PC, Schmid M, Weiss F, Keller C, Grove M, Greber UF, Zippelius A, Plückthun A. iMATCH: an integrated modular assembly system for therapeutic combination high-capacity adenovirus gene therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 20:572-586. [PMID: 33665227 PMCID: PMC7890373 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus-mediated combination gene therapies have shown promising results in vaccination or treating malignant and genetic diseases. Nevertheless, an efficient system for the rapid assembly and incorporation of therapeutic genes into high-capacity adenoviral vectors (HCAdVs) is still missing. In this study, we developed the iMATCH (integrated modular assembly for therapeutic combination HCAdVs) platform, which enables the generation and production of HCAdVs encoding therapeutic combinations in high quantity and purity within 3 weeks. Our modular cloning system facilitates the efficient combination of up to four expression cassettes and the rapid integration into HCAdV genomes with defined sizes. Helper viruses (HVs) and purification protocols were optimized to produce HCAdVs with distinct capsid modifications and unprecedented purity (0.1 ppm HVs). The constitution of HCAdVs, with adapters for targeting and a shield of trimerized single-chain variable fragment (scFv) for reduced liver clearance, mediated cell- and organ-specific targeting of HCAdVs. As proof of concept, we show that a single HCAdV encoding an anti PD-1 antibody, interleukin (IL)-12, and IL-2 produced all proteins, and it led to tumor regression and prolonged survival in tumor models, comparable to a mixture of single payload HCAdVs in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the iMATCH system provides a versatile platform for the generation of high-capacity gene therapy vectors with a high potential for clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Brücher
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Kirchhammer
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sheena N. Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jatina Schumacher
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Schumacher
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Kolibius
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick C. Freitag
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Schmid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Weiss
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Inselspital, INO-F, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Corina Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Grove
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs F. Greber
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alfred Zippelius
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Medical Oncology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Plückthun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Corresponding author: Andreas Plückthun, Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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23
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Editorial overview: Tissue, cell and pathway engineering: programming biology for smart therapeutics, microbial cell factory and intelligent biomanufacturing. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 66:iii-vi. [PMID: 33218951 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Covarrubias-Zambrano O, Shrestha TB, Pyle M, Montes-Gonzalez M, Troyer DL, Bossmann SH. Development of a Gene Delivery System Composed of a Cell-Penetrating Peptide and a Nontoxic Polymer. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7418-7427. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tej B. Shrestha
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Marla Pyle
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Maria Montes-Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Deryl L. Troyer
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Stefan H. Bossmann
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
- Drug Discovery, Delivery & Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
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