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Sripada SA, Hosseini M, Ramesh S, Wang J, Ritola K, Menegatti S, Daniele MA. Advances and opportunities in process analytical technologies for viral vector manufacturing. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 74:108391. [PMID: 38848795 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Viral vectors are an emerging, exciting class of biologics whose application in vaccines, oncology, and gene therapy has grown exponentially in recent years. Following first regulatory approval, this class of therapeutics has been vigorously pursued to treat monogenic disorders including orphan diseases, entering hundreds of new products into pipelines. Viral vector manufacturing supporting clinical efforts has spurred the introduction of a broad swath of analytical techniques dedicated to assessing the diverse and evolving panel of Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) of these products. Herein, we provide an overview of the current state of analytics enabling measurement of CQAs such as capsid and vector identities, product titer, transduction efficiency, impurity clearance etc. We highlight orthogonal methods and discuss the advantages and limitations of these techniques while evaluating their adaptation as process analytical technologies. Finally, we identify gaps and propose opportunities in enabling existing technologies for real-time monitoring from hardware, software, and data analysis viewpoints for technology development within viral vector biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhana A Sripada
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Mahshid Hosseini
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Dr., Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Srivatsan Ramesh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Junhyeong Wang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Dr., Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Kimberly Ritola
- North Carolina Viral Vector Initiative in Research and Learning (NC-VVIRAL), North Carolina State University, 890 Oval Dr, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Neuroscience Center, Brain Initiative Neurotools Vector Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stefano Menegatti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA; North Carolina Viral Vector Initiative in Research and Learning (NC-VVIRAL), North Carolina State University, 890 Oval Dr, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center, North Carolina State University, 890 Main Campus Dr, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Michael A Daniele
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Dr., Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; North Carolina Viral Vector Initiative in Research and Learning (NC-VVIRAL), North Carolina State University, 890 Oval Dr, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, 890 Oval Dr, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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Recent capillary electrophoresis applications for upstream and downstream biopharmaceutical process monitoring. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Thalhammer A, Bröker NK. Biophysical Approaches for the Characterization of Protein-Metabolite Interactions. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2554:199-229. [PMID: 36178628 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2624-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With an estimate of hundred thousands of protein molecules per cell and the number of metabolites several orders of magnitude higher, protein-metabolite interactions are omnipresent. In vitro analyses are one of the main pillars on the way to establish a solid understanding of how these interactions contribute to maintaining cellular homeostasis. A repertoire of biophysical techniques is available by which protein-metabolite interactions can be quantitatively characterized in terms of affinity, specificity, and kinetics in a broad variety of solution environments. Several of those provide information on local or global conformational changes of the protein partner in response to ligand binding. This review chapter gives an overview of the state-of-the-art biophysical toolbox for the study of protein-metabolite interactions. It briefly introduces basic principles, highlights recent examples from the literature, and pinpoints promising future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Thalhammer
- Physical Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Nina K Bröker
- Physical Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Esene JE, Boaks M, Bickham AV, Nordin GP, Woolley AT. 3D printed microfluidic device for automated, pressure-driven, valve-injected microchip electrophoresis of preterm birth biomarkers. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:204. [PMID: 35484354 PMCID: PMC10079432 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A 3D printed, automated, pressure-driven injection microfluidic system for microchip electrophoresis (µCE) of preterm birth (PTB)-related peptides and proteins has been developed. Functional microvalves were formed, either with a membrane thickness of 5 µm and a layer exposure time of 450 ms or with a membrane thickness of 10 µm and layer exposure times of 300-350 ms. These valves allowed for control of fluid flow in device microchannels during sample injection for µCE separation. Device design and µCE conditions using fluorescently labeled amino acids were optimized. A sample injection time of 0.5 s and a separation voltage of 450 V (460 V/cm) yielded the best separation efficiency and resolution. We demonstrated the first µCE separation with pressure-driven injection in a 3D printed microfluidic device using fluorescently labeled PTB biomarkers and 532 nm laser excitation. Detection limits for two PTB biomarkers, peptide 1 and peptide 2, for an injection time of 1.5 s were 400 pM and 15 nM, respectively, and the linear detection range for peptide 2 was 50-400 nM. This 3D printed microfluidic system holds promise for future integration of on-chip sample preparation processes with µCE, offering promising possibilities for PTB risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joule E Esene
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Mawla Boaks
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Anna V Bickham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Gregory P Nordin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Adam T Woolley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
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Mikkonen S, Josefsson L, Mäkinen MEL, Chotteau V, Emmer Å. Capillary and microchip electrophoresis method development for amino acid monitoring during biopharmaceutical cultivation. Biotechnol J 2022; 17:e2100325. [PMID: 35320618 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The increased use of biopharmaceuticals calls for improved means of bioprocess monitoring. In this work, capillary electrophoresis (CE) and microchip electrophoresis (MCE) methods were developed and applied for the analysis of amino acids (AAs) in cell culture supernatant. In samples from different days of a Chinese hamster ovary cell cultivation process, all 19 proteinogenic AAs containing primary amine groups could be detected using CE, and 17 out of 19 AAs using MCE. The relative concentration changes in different samples agreed well with those measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Compared to the more commonly employed HPLC analysis, the CE and MCE methods resulted in faster analysis, while significantly lowering both the sample and reagent consumption, and the cost per analysis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Mikkonen
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leila Josefsson
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meeri E-L Mäkinen
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veronique Chotteau
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Stockholm, Sweden.,AdBIOPRO, Competence Centre for Advanced BioProduction by Continuous Processing, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Emmer
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Stockholm, Sweden
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van der Burg D, Josefsson L, Mikkonen S, Chotteau V, Emmer Å, Wätzig H, Sänger-van de Griend CE. Method development for mono- and disaccharides monitoring in cell culture medium by capillary and microchip electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:922-929. [PMID: 34510488 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The rapidly growing, competitive biopharmaceutical market requires tight bioprocess monitoring. An integrated, automated platform for the routine online/at-line monitoring of key factors in the cell culture medium could greatly improve process monitoring. Mono- and disaccharides, as the main energy and carbon source, are one of these key factors. A CE-LIF method was developed for the analysis of several mono- and disaccharides, considering requirements and restrictions for analysis in an integrated, automated monitoring platform, such as the possibility for miniaturization to microchip electrophoresis. Analysis was performed after fluorescent derivatization with 8-aminopyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid. The derivatisation reaction and the separation BGE were optimized using design of experiments. The developed method is applicable to the complex matrix of cell culture medium and proved transferable to microchip electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbie van der Burg
- Kantisto BV, Baarn, The Netherlands.,Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Leila Josefsson
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Saara Mikkonen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Véronique Chotteau
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Emmer
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hermann Wätzig
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cari E Sänger-van de Griend
- Kantisto BV, Baarn, The Netherlands.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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