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Shan X, Tao W, Li J, Tao W, Li D, Zhou L, Yang X, Dong C, Huang S, Chu X, Zhang C. Kai-Xin-San ameliorates Alzheimer's disease-related neuropathology and cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice via the mitochondrial autophagy-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 329:118145. [PMID: 38582153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kai-Xin-San (KXS) is a classic famous prescription that has been utilized for centuries to address dementia. New investigations have shown that the anti-dementia effect of KXS is connected with improved neuroinflammation. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism is not well elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY We propose to discover the ameliorative impact of KXS on Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its regulatory role on the mitochondrial autophagy-nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Y maze, Morris water maze, and new objection recognition tests were applied to ascertain the spatial learning and memory capacities of amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) mice after KXS-treatment. Meanwhile, the biochemical indexes of the hippocampus were detected by reagent kits. The pathological alterations and mitochondrial autophagy in the mice' hippocampus were detected utilizing hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, and transmission electron microscopy. Besides, the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways protein expressions were determined employing the immunoblot analysis. RESULTS The results of behavioral tests showed that KXS significantly enhanced the AD mice' spatial learning and memory capacities. Furthermore, KXS reversed the biochemical index levels and reduced amyloid-β protein deposition in AD mice brains. Besides, H&E staining showed that KXS remarkably ameliorated the neuronal damage in AD mice. Concurrently, the results of transmission electron microscopy suggest that KXS ameliorated the mitochondrial damage in microglia and promoted mitochondrial autophagy. Moreover, the immunofluorescence outcomes exhibited that KXS promoted the expression of protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) associated with microtubule and the generation of autophagic flux. Notably, the immunofluorescence co-localization results confirmed the presence of mitochondrial autophagy in microglia. Finally, KXS promoted the protein expressions of the PINK1/Parkin pathway and reduced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Most importantly, these beneficial effects of KXS were attenuated by the mitochondrial autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. CONCLUSION KXS ameliorates AD-related neuropathology and cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice by enhancing the mitochondrial autophagy and suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Shan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Wenwen Tao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Junying Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Wenkang Tao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, China; Hefei Innovation Pharmaceutical Technology Co.ltd., Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Dawei Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, China; Hefei Innovation Pharmaceutical Technology Co.ltd., Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Lele Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, China; Hefei Innovation Pharmaceutical Technology Co.ltd., Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Xuan Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, China; Hefei Innovation Pharmaceutical Technology Co.ltd., Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Chong Dong
- Hefei Innovation Pharmaceutical Technology Co.ltd., Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Shunwang Huang
- Hefei Innovation Pharmaceutical Technology Co.ltd., Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Chu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, China.
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Foxe D, Irish M, Carrick J, Cheung SC, Teng H, Burrell JR, Kessels RPC, Piguet O. Visuospatial working memory in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia: a comparative analysis with Alzheimer's disease using the box task. J Neurol 2024:10.1007/s00415-024-12406-0. [PMID: 38713393 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12406-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the visuospatial working memory profiles of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) using a novel computerised test of visuospatial working memory: the Box Task. METHODS Twenty-eight bvFTD and 28 AD patients, as well as 32 age-matched control participants were recruited. All participants completed the Box Task and conventional neuropsychological tests of working memory, episodic memory, and visuospatial function. RESULTS Both the bvFTD and AD groups exhibited significantly more Box Task between-search errors than the control group across all set sizes. Notably, the AD group demonstrated a significantly higher error rate compared to the bvFTD group. Regression analysis revealed that whilst episodic memory impairment significantly predicted Box Task error performance in AD, this was not the case for bvFTD. Additionally, a noticeable trend was observed for attention in predicting Box Task errors in both bvFTD and AD groups. The Box Task demonstrated high utility in differentiating between bvFTD and AD, with a decision tree correctly classifying 82.1% of bvFTD patients and 75% of AD patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal significant visuospatial working memory impairments in bvFTD, albeit of lesser severity compared to disease-matched AD patients. The Box Task, a novel measure of visuospatial working memory, proved effective in differentiating between bvFTD and AD, outperforming many traditional neuropsychological measures. Overall, our findings highlight the utility of assessing visuospatial memory when differentiating between bvFTD and AD in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Foxe
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett St, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Muireann Irish
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett St, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - James Carrick
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett St, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Sau Chi Cheung
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett St, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Neuropsychology Unit, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Her Teng
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett St, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - James R Burrell
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett St, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Concord Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roy P C Kessels
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Vincent Van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry, Venray, The Netherlands
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier Piguet
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett St, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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Lan F, Roquet D, Dalton MA, El-Omar H, Ahmed RM, Piguet O, Irish M. Exploring graded profiles of hippocampal atrophy along the anterior-posterior axis in semantic dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 135:70-78. [PMID: 38232501 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates marked hippocampal degeneration in semantic dementia (SD) however, the spatial distribution of hippocampal atrophy profiles in this syndrome remains unclear. Using a recently developed parcellation approach, we extracted hippocampal volumes from four distinct subregions running from anterior to posterior along the longitudinal axis (anterior, intermediate rostral, intermediate caudal, and posterior). Volumetric differences in hippocampal subregions were compared between 21 SD, 24 matched Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 27 healthy older Control participants. Despite comparable overall hippocampal volume loss, SD and AD groups diverged in terms of the magnitude of atrophy along the anterior-posterior axis of the hippocampus. Global hippocampal atrophy was observed in AD, with no discernible gradation or lateralisation. In contrast, SD patients displayed graded bilateral hippocampal atrophy, most pronounced on the left-hand side, and concentrated in anterior relative to posterior subregions. Finally, we found preliminary evidence that disease-specific vulnerability along the anterior-posterior axis of the hippocampus was associated with canonical clinical features of these syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lan
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; The University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel Roquet
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; The University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marshall A Dalton
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; The University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hashim El-Omar
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebekah M Ahmed
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Memory and Cognition Clinic, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; The University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Muireann Irish
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; The University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Karaca O, Tepe N, Ozcan E. Evaluation of volumetric asymmetry of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and medial temporal lobe in Alzheimer's disease using the atlas-based method. Neuroreport 2023; 34:592-597. [PMID: 37384935 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Brain areas affected during neurodegenerative disease progression are considered anatomically connected to the first affected areas. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has connections with the medial temporal lobe (MTL), which includes regions that become atrophic in Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the degree of volumetric asymmetry of DLPFC and MTL structures. This is a cross-sectional volumetric study involving 25 Alzheimer's disease patients and 25 healthy adults who underwent MRI with a 3D turbo spin echo sequence at 1.5 Tesla. The atlas-based method incorporated MRIStudio software to automatically measure the volume of brain structures. We compared the asymmetry index and volumetric changes across study groups and correlated them with Mini-Mental State Examination scores. We observed significant volumetric rightward lateralization in the DLPFC and superior frontal gyrus in Alzheimer's disease patients compared to the healthy controls. There was a significant volume loss in the MTL structures of Alzheimer's disease patients. Atrophy of MTL structures was positively correlated with right DLPFC volume changes in Alzheimer's disease patients. Volumetric asymmetry of the DLPFC may be a characteristic for determining disease progression in Alzheimer's disease patients. Future studies are recommended to evaluate whether these volumetric asymmetrical changes are specific to Alzheimer's disease and whether asymmetry measurements can serve as diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nermin Tepe
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
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Wang C, Li H, Chen C, Yao X, Yang C, Yu Z, Ren J, Ming Y, Huang Y, Rong Y, Ma Y, Liu L. High-Fat Diet Consumption Induces Neurobehavioral Abnormalities and Neuronal Morphological Alterations Accompanied by Excessive Microglial Activation in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Adolescent Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119394. [PMID: 37298345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between a high-fat diet (HFD) consumption and emotional/cognitive disorders is widely documented. One distinctive feature of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a kernel emotion- and cognition-related brain region, is its protracted adolescent maturation, which makes it highly vulnerable to the detrimental effects of environmental factors during adolescence. Disruption of the PFC structure and function is linked to emotional/cognitive disorders, especially those that emerge in late adolescence. A HFD consumption is common among adolescents, yet its potential effects on PFC-related neurobehavior in late adolescence and any related underlying mechanisms are yet to be established. In the present study, adolescent (postnatal days 28-56) male C57BL/6J mice were fed a control diet (CD) or a HFD and underwent behavioral tests in addition to Golgi staining and immunofluorescence targeting of the medial PFC (mPFC). The HFD-fed adolescent mice exhibited anxiety- and depression-like behavior and abnormal mPFC pyramidal neuronal morphology accompanied by alterations in microglial morphology indicative of a heightened state of activation and increased microglial PSD95+ inclusions signifying excessive phagocytosis of the synaptic material in the mPFC. These findings offer novel insights into the neurobehavioral effects due to adolescent HFD consumption and suggest a contributing role in microglial dysfunction and prefrontal neuroplasticity deficits for HFD-associated mood disorders in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Wang
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiuting Yao
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chenxi Yang
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhehao Yu
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiayi Ren
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yue Ming
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Rong
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lijie Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Yang Y, Li Q, Long Y, Yuan J, Zha Y. Associations of metabolic syndrome, its severity with cognitive impairment among hemodialysis patients. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:108. [PMID: 37221557 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01080-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the general population, metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment, including global and specific cognitive domains. These associations are not well studied in patients undergoing hemodialysis and were the focus of the current investigation. METHODS In this multicenter cross-sectional study, 5492 adult hemodialysis patients (3351 men; mean age: 54.4 ± 15.2 years) treated in twenty-two dialysis centers of Guizhou, China were included. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was utilized to assess mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MetS was diagnosed with abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were used to examine the associations of MetS, its components, and metabolic scores with the risk of MCI. Restricted cubic spline analyses were performed to explore the dose-response associations. RESULTS Hemodialysis patients had a high prevalence of MetS (62.3%) and MCI (34.3%). MetS was positively associated with MCI risk with adjusted ORs of 1.22 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-1.37, P = 0.001]. Compared to no MetS, adjusted ORs for MCI were 2.03 (95% CI 1.04-3.98) for 22.51 (95% CI 1.28-4.90) for 3, 2.35 (95% CI 1.20-4.62) for 4, and 2.94 (95% CI 1.48-5.84) for 5 components. Metabolic syndrome score, cardiometabolic index, and metabolic syndrome severity score were associated with increased risk of MCI. Further analysis showed that MetS was negatively associated with MMSE score, orientation, registration, recall and language (P < 0.05). Significant interaction effect of sex (P for interaction = 0.012) on the MetS-MCI was observed. CONCLUSION Metabolic syndrome was associated with MCI in hemodialysis patients in a positive dose-response effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Yang
- Deparment of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immune-Related Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Qian Li
- Deparment of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immune-Related Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Yanjun Long
- Deparment of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immune-Related Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Deparment of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immune-Related Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Yan Zha
- Deparment of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immune-Related Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China.
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Irish M. Autobiographical memory in dementia syndromes—An integrative review. WIRES COGNITIVE SCIENCE 2022; 14:e1630. [DOI: 10.1002/wcs.1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muireann Irish
- School of Psychology and Brain & Mind Centre The University of Sydney Sydney Australia
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8
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Liu L, Bulley A, Irish M. Subjective Time in Dementia: A Critical Review. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1502. [PMID: 34827501 PMCID: PMC8616021 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity for subjective time in humans encompasses the perception of time's unfolding from moment to moment, as well as the ability to traverse larger temporal expanses of past- and future-oriented thought via mental time travel. Disruption in time perception can result in maladaptive outcomes-from the innocuous lapse in timing that leads to a burnt piece of toast, to the grievous miscalculation that produces a traffic accident-while disruption to mental time travel can impact core functions from planning appointments to making long-term decisions. Mounting evidence suggests that disturbances to both time perception and mental time travel are prominent in dementia syndromes. Given that such disruptions can have severe consequences for independent functioning in everyday life, here we aim to provide a comprehensive exposition of subjective timing dysfunction in dementia, with a view to informing the management of such disturbances. We consider the neurocognitive mechanisms underpinning changes to both time perception and mental time travel across different dementia disorders. Moreover, we explicate the functional implications of altered subjective timing by reference to two key and representative adaptive capacities: prospective memory and intertemporal decision-making. Overall, our review sheds light on the transdiagnostic implications of subjective timing disturbances in dementia and highlights the high variability in performance across clinical syndromes and functional domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Liu
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (L.L.); (A.B.)
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Adam Bulley
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (L.L.); (A.B.)
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02138, USA
| | - Muireann Irish
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (L.L.); (A.B.)
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
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Cui L, Zhang Z, Zac Lo CY, Guo Q. Local Functional MR Change Pattern and Its Association With Cognitive Function in Objectively-Defined Subtle Cognitive Decline. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:684918. [PMID: 34177559 PMCID: PMC8232526 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.684918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: To identify individuals with preclinical cognitive impairment, researchers proposed the concept of objectively-defined subtle cognitive decline (Obj-SCD). However, it is not clear whether Obj-SCD has characteristic brain function changes. In this study, we aimed at exploring the changing pattern of brain function activity in Obj-SCD individuals and the similarities and differences with mild cognitive impairments (MCI). Method: 37 healthy control individuals, 25 Obj-SCD individuals (with the impairment in memory and language domain), and 28 aMCI individuals were included. Resting-state fMRI and neuropsychological tests were performed. fALFF was used to reflect the local functional activity and compared between groups. Finally, we analyzed the correlation between the fALFF values of significantly changed regions and neuropsychological performance. Results: We found similar functional activity enhancements in some local brain regions in the Obj-SCD and aMCI groups, including the left orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus and the left median cingulate and paracingulate gyri. However, some changes in local functional activities of the Obj-SCD group showed different patterns from the aMCI group. Compared with healthy control (HC), the Obj-SCD group showed increased local functional activity in the right middle occipital gyrus, decreased local functional activity in the left precuneus and the left inferior temporal gyrus. In the Obj-SCD group, in normal band, the fALFF value of the right middle occipital gyrus was significantly negatively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score (r = -0.450, p = 0.024) and Animal Verbal Fluency Test (AFT) score (r = -0.402, p = 0.046); the left inferior temporal gyrus was significantly positively correlated with MMSE score (r = 0.588, p = 0.002). In slow-4 band, the fALFF value of the left precuneus was significantly positively correlated with MMSE score (r = 0.468, p = 0.018) and AFT score (r = 0.600, p = 0.002). In the aMCI group, the fALFF value of the left orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus was significantly positively correlated with Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) long delay cued recall score (r = 0.506, p = 0.006). Conclusion: The Obj-SCD group showed a unique changing pattern; the functional changes of different brain regions have a close but different correlation with cognitive impairment, indicating that there may be a complex pathological basis inside. This suggests that Obj-SCD may be a separate stage of cognitive decline before aMCI and is helpful to the study of preclinical cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cui
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Yi Zac Lo
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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