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Insights on Dengue and Zika NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113698. [PMID: 34274831 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Over recent years, many outbreaks caused by (re)emerging RNA viruses have been reported worldwide, including life-threatening Flaviviruses, such as Dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV). Currently, there is only one licensed vaccine against Dengue, Dengvaxia®. However, its administration is not recommended for children under nine years. Still, there are no specific inhibitors available to treat these infectious diseases. Among the flaviviral proteins, NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is a metalloenzyme essential for viral replication, suggesting that it is a promising macromolecular target since it has no human homolog. Nowadays, several NS5 RdRp inhibitors have been reported, while none inhibitors are currently in clinical development. In this context, this review constitutes a comprehensive work focused on RdRp inhibitors from natural, synthetic, and even repurposing sources. Furthermore, their main aspects associated with the structure-activity relationship (SAR), proposed mechanisms of action, computational studies, and other topics will be discussed in detail.
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Wu CC, Yen HY, Lai LT, Perng GC, Lee CR, Wu SJ. A Label-Free Impedimetric Genosensor for the Nucleic Acid Amplification-Free Detection of Extracted RNA of Dengue Virus. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20133728. [PMID: 32635293 PMCID: PMC7374514 DOI: 10.3390/s20133728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Developing rapid and sensitive diagnostic methods for dengue virus (DENV) infection is of prime priority because DENV infection is the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral disease. This work proposes an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based genosensor for the label-free and nucleic acid amplification-free detection of extracted DENV RNA intended for a sensitive diagnosis of DENV infection. A concentration ratio of 0.04 mM 6-mercaptohexanoic acid (MHA) to 1 mM 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (MCH) was selected to modify thin-film gold electrodes as a link to control the coverage of self-designed probe DNA (pDNA) at a density of 4.5 ± 0.4 × 1011 pDNA/cm2. The pDNA/MHA/MCH-modified genosensors are proven to improve the hybridization efficiency of a synthetic 160-mer target DNA (160mtDNA) with a 140-mer electrode side overhang as compared to other MHA/MCH ratio-modified genosensors. The MHA(0.04 mM)/MCH(1 mM)-modified genosensors also present good hybridization efficiency with the extracted DENV serotype 1 (DENV1) RNA samples, having the same electrode side overhangs with the 160mtDNA, showing a low detection limit of 20 plaque forming units (PFU)/mL, a linear range of 102–105 PFU/mL and good selectivity for DENV1. The pDNA density-controlled method has great promise to construct sensitive genosensors based on the hybridization of extracted DENV nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chou Wu
- Department of Bio-industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; (H.-Y.Y.); (L.-T.L.)
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2285-1268
| | - Hao-Yu Yen
- Department of Bio-industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; (H.-Y.Y.); (L.-T.L.)
| | - Lu-Ting Lai
- Department of Bio-industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; (H.-Y.Y.); (L.-T.L.)
| | - Guey-Chuen Perng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Rd., Tainan City 701, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Rei Lee
- Viral & Rickettsial Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (C.-R.L.); (S.-J.W.)
| | - Shuenn-Jue Wu
- Viral & Rickettsial Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (C.-R.L.); (S.-J.W.)
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Yang CC, Hu HS, Lin HM, Wu PS, Wu RH, Tian JN, Wu SH, Tsou LK, Song JS, Chen HW, Chern JH, Chen CT, Yueh A. A novel flavivirus entry inhibitor, BP34610, discovered through high-throughput screening with dengue reporter viruses. Antiviral Res 2019; 172:104636. [PMID: 31654671 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.104636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is a global health problem that affects approximately 3.9 billion people worldwide. Since safety concerns were raised for the only licensed vaccine, Dengvaxia, and since the present treatment is only supportive care, the development of more effective therapeutic anti-DENV agents is urgently needed. In this report, we identified a potential small-molecule inhibitor, BP34610, via cell-based high-throughput screening (HTS) of 12,000 compounds using DENV-2 reporter viruses. BP34610 reduced the virus yields of type 2 DENV-infected cells with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) and selectivity index value of 0.48 ± 0.06 μM and 197, respectively. Without detectable cytotoxicity, the compound inhibited not only all four serotypes of DENV but also Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Time-of-addition experiments suggested that BP34610 may act at an early stage of DENV virus infection. Sequencing analyses of several individual clones derived from BP34610-resistant viruses revealed a consensus amino acid substitution (S397P) in the N-terminal stem region of the E protein. Introduction of S397P into the DENV reporter viruses conferred an over 14.8-fold EC90 shift for BP34610. Importantly, the combination of BP34610 with a viral replication inhibitor, ribavirin, displayed synergistic enhancement of anti-DENV-2 activity. Our results identify an effective small-molecule inhibitor, BP34610, which likely targets the DENV E protein. BP34610 could be developed as an anti-flavivirus agent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chen Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Han-Shu Hu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Mei Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Shan Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ren-Huang Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jia-Ni Tian
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Szu-Huei Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lun Kelvin Tsou
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jen-Shin Song
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jyh-Haur Chern
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiung-Tong Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Andrew Yueh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan, ROC.
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Schaeffer E, Flacher V, Neuberg P, Hoste A, Brulefert A, Fauny JD, Wagner A, Mueller CG. Inhibition of dengue virus infection by mannoside glycolipid conjugates. Antiviral Res 2018; 154:116-123. [PMID: 29630976 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, causes severe and potentially fatal symptoms in millions of infected individuals each year. Although dengue fever represents a major global public health problem, the vaccines or antiviral drugs proposed so far have not shown sufficient efficacy and safety, calling for new antiviral developments. Here we have shown that a mannoside glycolipid conjugate (MGC) bearing a trimannose head with a saturated lipid chain inhibited DENV productive infection. It showed remarkable cell promiscuity, being active in human skin dendritic cells, hepatoma cell lines and Vero cells, and was active against all four DENV serotypes, with an IC50 in the low micromolar range. Time-of-addition experiments and structure-activity analyses revealed the importance of the lipid chain to interfere with an early viral infection step. This, together with a correlation between antiviral activity and membrane polarization by the lipid moiety indicated that the inhibitor functions by blocking viral envelope fusion with the endosome membrane. These finding establish MGCs as a novel class of antivirals against the DENV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne Schaeffer
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Flacher
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick Neuberg
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Functional Chemo Systems, UMR 7199, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Astrid Hoste
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Adrien Brulefert
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Fauny
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alain Wagner
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Functional Chemo Systems, UMR 7199, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Christopher G Mueller
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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