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Alblihd MA, Alsharif KF, Hamad AA, Ali FAZ, Hussein MT, Alhegaili AS, Hassan MA, Al-Amer OM, Albezrah NKA, Almalki AA, Albarakati AJA, Alghamdi KS, Alzahrani KJ, Albrakati A, Alrubai EH, ElAshmouny N, Elmahallawy EK. Okra [ Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] improved blood glucose and restored histopathological alterations in splenic tissues in a rat model with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes through CD8 + T cells and NF-kβ expression. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1268968. [PMID: 38046568 PMCID: PMC10690606 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1268968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic syndrome that involves dysfunction of spleen and other lymphoid organs. Medicinal plants, including okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench), were used widely for diabetes treatment. Scarce data are available about the potential anti-diabetic effects of okra, the histopathological alterations in splenic tissues and the mechanistic pathways underlying this association. The current research investigated the effects of okra pod extract on the biochemical parameters and expression of CD8+ T cells and nuclear factor kappa (NF-k) B and releasing proinflammatory cytokines in spleen in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat models. A total of 50 mature male Wister albino rats were divided into five isolated groups; the first served as control (untreated) animals, the second (DM group) diabetes induced by STZ (at a dose of 45 mg/kg body weight, administered intraperitoneally), the third group (DM + Insulin): diabetic rats administered insulin subcutaneously (10 units/kg bw/day) daily for 4 weeks, the fourth group was administrated 400 mg/kg okra extract daily for 4 weeks, and diabetic induced rats in the fifth group were administrated 400 mg/kg okra extract daily for 4 weeks. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity in Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench was studied, and the content of phenolic compounds in okra pods was estimated using high-performance liquid chromatography. Diabetes induction led to decreased body weight, increased blood glucose levels. Capsular thickness was significantly increased, white pulp was widely dispersed, and mature lymphocytes in the periphery were also drastically decreased, with thick follicular arteries, necrosis, and depletion of lymphocytes in the germinal center. Red pulp revealed severe congestion and degenerative changes, deposition of hemosiderin granules and lymphocytic depletion. In addition, collagen fiber deposition was increased also in this group. The induction of diabetes exaggerated NF-kβ expression and mediated downregulation of the expression of CD8+ T cells in spleen tissue. Interestingly, oral administration of okra extracts post diabetes induction could mitigate and reverse such adverse effects. Altogether, our study points out the potential benefits of okra in improving blood glucose levels and restoring histopathological alterations in splenic tissues through CD8+ T cells and NF-kβ expression in a diabetic rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Alblihd
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- High Altitude Research Center, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalaf F. Alsharif
- High Altitude Research Center, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa A. Hamad
- High Altitude Research Center, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Abo Zakaib Ali
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Manal T. Hussein
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Alaa S. Alhegaili
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ahmed Hassan
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University – Assiut Branch, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Osama M. Al-Amer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulraheem Ali Almalki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Jameel A. Albarakati
- Surgery Department, College of Medicine, Al-Qunfudah Branch, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S. Alghamdi
- Forensic Poison Services Administration, Forensic Medical Services Center in Taif, Ministry of Health Saudi Arabia, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid J. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Albrakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elham Hamed Alrubai
- Internal Medicine Department, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naira ElAshmouny
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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WU L, TANG B, LAI P, WENG M, ZHENG H, CHEN J, LI Y. Analysis of the effect of okra extract on the diversity of intestinal flora in diabetic rats based on 16S rRNA sequence. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li WU
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China; Fuzhou University, China; Fuzhou University, China
| | - Baosha TANG
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Pufu LAI
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Minjie WENG
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Hengguang ZHENG
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Junchen CHEN
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Yibin LI
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
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WU L, WENG M, ZHENG H, LAI P, TANG B, CHEN J, LI Y. Hypoglycemic effect of okra aqueous extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.28619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li WU
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Minjie WENG
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Hengguang ZHENG
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Pufu LAI
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Baosha TANG
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Junchen CHEN
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Yibin LI
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
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