1
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Mandal S, Srinivasan V. Rationalizing the Unexpected Sensitivity in Excited State Lifetimes of Adenine to Tautomerization by Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:7077-7087. [PMID: 36083211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c03178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The remarkable photostability of canonical nucleobases makes them ideal building blocks for DNA and RNA. Even minor structural changes are expected to lead to drastic alteration of their subpicosecond excited state lifetimes. However, it is interesting to note that while the 9H- and 7H-amino tautomers of adenine possess drastically different lifetimes, 9H- and 7H-keto guanine possess similar excited state lifetimes. With an aim to explain this unexpected difference in sensitivity of lifetimes to tautomerization, we have investigated the excited state relaxation mechanism of UV-excited adenine and guanine tautomers using surface hopping based nonadiabatic molecular dynamics. We find that internal conversion in both guanine tautomers is almost barrierless while both adenine tautomers encounter significant barriers before they can deactivate. Moreover, the major deactivation channel (C2-puckering) in 9H-amino adenine is overall more efficient than the one (C6-puckering) in the 7H-amino form. We trace this difference to the frequent rotation of the amino group which disrupts its conjugation with the heterocyclic ring thereby reducing the strength of nonadiabatic coupling and, hence, delaying internal conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyajit Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Varadharajan Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
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2
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Laamiri K, Garcia GA, Nahon L, Ben Houria A, Feifel R, Hochlaf M. Threshold photoelectron spectroscopy of 9-methyladenine: theory and experiment. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 24:3523-3531. [PMID: 34676858 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03729c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of single-photon ionization of 9-methyladenine (9MA) in the gas phase. In addition to tautomerism, several rotamers due to the rotation of the methyl group may exist. Computations show, however, that solely one rotamer contributes because of low population in the molecular beam and/or unfavorable Franck-Condon factors upon ionization. Experimentally, we used VUV radiation available at the DESIRS beamline of the synchrotron radiation facility SOLEIL to record the threshold photoelectron spectrum of this molecule between 8 and 11 eV. This spectrum consists of a well-resolved band assigned mainly to vibronic levels of the D0 cationic state, plus a contribution from the D1 state, and two large bands corresponding to the D1, D2 and D3 electronically excited states. The adiabatic ionization energy of 9MA is measured at 8.097 ± 0.005 eV in close agreement with the computed value using the explicitly correlated coupled cluster approach including core valence, scalar relativistic and zero-point vibrational energy corrections. This work sheds light on the complex pattern of the lowest doublet electronic states of 9MA+. The comparison to canonical adenine reveals that methylation induces further electronic structure complication that may be important to understand the effects of ionizing radiation and the charge distribution in these biological entities at different time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Laamiri
- Université Gustave Eiffel, COSYS/LISIS, 5 Bd Descartes 77454, Champs-sur-Marne, France. .,Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications - LSAMA, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - G A Garcia
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48 - 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - L Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48 - 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - A Ben Houria
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications - LSAMA, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - R Feifel
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Physics, 412 58 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Hochlaf
- Université Gustave Eiffel, COSYS/LISIS, 5 Bd Descartes 77454, Champs-sur-Marne, France.
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3
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Champenois EG, Greenman L, Shivaram N, Cryan JP, Larsen KA, Rescigno TN, McCurdy CW, Belkacem A, Slaughter DS. Ultrafast photodissociation dynamics and nonadiabatic coupling between excited electronic states of methanol probed by time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:114301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5079549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elio G. Champenois
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Graduate Group in Applied Science and Technology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Loren Greenman
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
- Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Niranjan Shivaram
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - James P. Cryan
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Kirk A. Larsen
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Graduate Group in Applied Science and Technology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Thomas N. Rescigno
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C. William McCurdy
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Ali Belkacem
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Daniel S. Slaughter
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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4
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Wu X, Ehrmaier J, Sobolewski AL, Karsili TNV, Domcke W. Mechanisms of photoreactivity in hydrogen-bonded adenine-H 2O complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:14238-14249. [PMID: 30543228 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05305g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of photoinduced reactions of adenine with water molecules in hydrogen-bonded adenine-water complexes were investigated with ab initio wave-function-based electronic-structure calculations. Two excited-state electron/proton transfer reaction mechanisms have been characterized: H-atom abstraction from water by photoexcited adenine as well as H-atom transfer from photoexcited adenine or the (adenine+H) radical to water. In the water-to-adenine H-atom transfer reaction, an electron from one of the p orbitals of the water molecule fills the hole in the n (π) orbital of the nπ* (ππ*) excited state of adenine, resulting in a charge-separated electronic state. The electronic charge separation is neutralized by the transfer of a proton from the water molecule to adenine, resulting in the (adenine+H)OH biradical in the electronic ground state. In the adenine-to-water H-atom transfer reaction, πσ* states localized at the acidic sites of adenine provide the mechanism for the photoejection of an electron from adenine, which is followed by proton transfer to the hydrogen-bonded water molecule, resulting in the (adenine-H)H3O biradical. The energy profiles of the photoreactions have been computed as relaxed scans with the ADC(2) electronic-structure method. These reactions, which involve the reactivity of adenine with hydrogen-bonded water molecules, compete with the well-established intrinsic excited-state deactivation mechanisms of adenine via ring-puckering or ring-opening conical intersections. By providing additional decay channels, the electron/proton exchange reactions with water can account for the observed significantly shortened excited-state lifetime of adenine in aqueous environments. These findings indicate that adenine possibly was not only a photostabilizer at the beginning of life, but also a primordial photocatalyst for water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
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5
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Zhao HY, Lau KC, Garcia GA, Nahon L, Carniato S, Poisson L, Schwell M, Al-Mogren MM, Hochlaf M. Unveiling the complex vibronic structure of the canonical adenine cation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:20756-20765. [PMID: 29989120 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02930j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Adenine, a DNA base, exists as several tautomers and isomers that are closely lying in energy and that may form a mixture upon vaporization of solid adenine. Indeed, it is challenging to bring adenine into the gas phase, especially as a unique tautomer. The experimental conditions were tuned to prepare a jet-cooled canonical adenine (9H-adenine). This isolated DNA base was ionized by single VUV photons from a synchrotron beamline and the corresponding slow photoelectron spectrum was compared to ab initio computations of the neutral and ionic species. We report the vibronic structure of the X+ 2A'' (D0), A+ 2A' (D1) and B+ 2A'' (D2) electronic states of the 9H adenine cation, from the adiabatic ionization energy (AIE) up to AIE + 1.8 eV. Accurate AIEs are derived for the 9H-adenine (X[combining tilde] 1A') + hν → 9H-adenine+ (X+ 2A'', A+ 2A', B+ 2A'') + e- transitions. Close to the AIE, we fully assign the rich vibronic structure solely to the 9H-adenine (X 1A') + hν → 9H-adenine+ (X+ 2A'') transition. Importantly, we show that the lowest cationic electronic states of canonical adenine are coupled vibronically. The present findings are important for understanding the effects of ionizing radiation and the charge distribution on this elementary building block of life, at ultrafast, short, and long timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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6
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Nguyen NL, Borghi G, Ferretti A, Marzari N. First-Principles Photoemission Spectroscopy of DNA and RNA Nucleobases from Koopmans-Compliant Functionals. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:3948-58. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Linh Nguyen
- Theory
and Simulations of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational
Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Borghi
- Theory
and Simulations of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational
Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centro
S3, CNR−Istituto Nanoscienze, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Marzari
- Theory
and Simulations of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational
Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Wu X, Karsili TNV, Domcke W. Excited-State Deactivation of Adenine by Electron-Driven Proton-Transfer Reactions in Adenine-Water Clusters: A Computational Study. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:1298-304. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201501154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Wu
- Department of Chemistry; Technische Universität München; 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Tolga N. V. Karsili
- Department of Chemistry; Technische Universität München; 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry; Technische Universität München; 85747 Garching Germany
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8
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Zadorozhnaya AA, Krylov AI. Ionization-Induced Structural Changes in Uracil Dimers and Their Spectroscopic Signatures. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 6:705-17. [PMID: 26613301 DOI: 10.1021/ct900515a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure of the three representative isomers of the ionized uracil dimers is characterized by high-level electronic structure calculations. Noncovalent interactions between the fragments lower the vertical ionization energies by 0.13-0.35 eV, the largest drop being observed for the stacked and the T-shaped isomers. The initial hole is delocalized in the stacked and the H-bonded isomers and is localized in the T-shaped one. The ionization induces significant structural relaxation and increases the binding energies. The stacked dimer cation relaxes to the symmetric structure bound by 22.7 kcal/mol. The T-shaped dimer cation has a binding energy of 25.1 kcal/mol. Thus, the relative order of the stacked and T-shaped isomers is reversed upon ionization. Finally, the H-bonded isomer, which relaxes to the proton-transferred structure, is bound by 37.0 kcal/mol. The electronic spectra of all three isomers characterized at the vertical and the relaxed geometries show different patterns, which may be exploited in spectroscopic probing of ionization-induced dynamics in these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Zadorozhnaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
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9
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Fulfer KD, Hardy D, Aguilar AA, Poliakoff ED. High-resolution photoelectron spectra of the pyrimidine-type nucleobases. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:224310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4922310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. D. Fulfer
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - D. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - A. A. Aguilar
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - E. D. Poliakoff
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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10
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Alam MJ, Ahmad S. Quantum chemical and spectroscopic investigations of 3-methyladenine. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 128:653-664. [PMID: 24704482 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.02.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
FTIR, FT-Raman and UV-Vis spectra of 3-methyladenine have been recorded and investigated using quantum chemical calculations. The molecular geometry and vibrational spectra of 3-methyladenine in the ground state are computed by using HF and DFT methods with 6-311G(d,p) basis set. VSCF, CC-VSCF methods based on 2MR-QFF and PT2 (Barone method) have been utilized for computing anharmonic vibrational frequencies. These methods yield results that are in remarkable agreement with the experimental data. The magnitudes of coupling between pair of modes have been also computed. Vibrational modes are assigned with the help of visual inspection of atomic displacements. The electronic spectra, simulated at TD-B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory, are compared to the experiment. The global quantities: electronic chemical potential, electrophilicity index, chemical hardness and softness based on HOMO and LUMO energy eigenvalues are also computed at B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shabbir Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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11
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Barbatti M. Photorelaxation Induced by Water–Chromophore Electron Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:10246-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja505387c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Barbatti
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz
1, D-45470 Mülheim
an der Ruhr, Germany
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12
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Das T, Ghosh D. Ionization-Induced Tautomerization in Cytosine and Effect of Solvation. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:5323-32. [DOI: 10.1021/jp503947d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamal Das
- Physical and Materials Chemistry
Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Debashree Ghosh
- Physical and Materials Chemistry
Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
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13
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Schwell M, Hochlaf M. Photoionization Spectroscopy of Nucleobases and Analogues in the Gas Phase Using Synchrotron Radiation as Excitation Light Source. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 355:155-208. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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14
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Mai S, Richter M, Marquetand P, González L. Excitation of Nucleobases from a Computational Perspective II: Dynamics. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 355:99-153. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Roberts GM, Stavros VG. The role of πσ* states in the photochemistry of heteroaromatic biomolecules and their subunits: insights from gas-phase femtosecond spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc53175a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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16
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Abstract
Photoinduced processes in nucleic acids are phenomena of fundamental interest in diverse fields, from prebiotic studies, through medical research on carcinogenesis, to the development of bioorganic photodevices. In this contribution we survey many aspects of the research across the boundaries. Starting from a historical background, where the main milestones are identified, we review the main findings of the physical-chemical research of photoinduced processes on several types of nucleic-acid fragments, from monomers to duplexes. We also discuss a number of different issues which are still under debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Barbatti
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany,
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17
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Touboul D, Gaie-Levrel F, Garcia GA, Nahon L, Poisson L, Schwell M, Hochlaf M. VUV photoionization of gas phase adenine and cytosine: A comparison between oven and aerosol vaporization. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:094203. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4793734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Excitation of Nucleobases from a Computational Perspective I: Reaction Paths. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2013; 355:57-97. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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19
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Barbatti M, Lan Z, Crespo-Otero R, Szymczak JJ, Lischka H, Thiel W. Critical appraisal of excited state nonadiabatic dynamics simulations of 9H-adenine. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:22A503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4731649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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20
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Bravaya KB, Epifanovsky E, Krylov AI. Four Bases Score a Run: Ab Initio Calculations Quantify a Cooperative Effect of H-Bonding and π-Stacking on the Ionization Energy of Adenine in the AATT Tetramer. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:2726-2732. [PMID: 26295899 DOI: 10.1021/jz3011139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Benchmark calculations of the lowest ionized state of the (A:T)2 (mixed adenine-thymine) cluster at the geometry taken from the DNA X-ray structure are presented. Vertical ionization energies (IEs) computed by the equation-of-motion coupled-cluster method with single and double substitutions are reported and analyzed. The shift in IE relative to the monomer (A) is -0.7 eV. The performance of the widely used B3LYP, ωB97X-D, and M06-2X functionals with respect to their ability to describe energetics and the character (localization versus delocalization) of the ionized states is also investigated. The shifts in IEs caused by H-bonding and stacking interactions are analyzed in terms of additive versus cooperative effects. It is found that the cooperative effect accounts for more than 20% of the shift in IE relative to the monomer. The cooperative effect and, consequently, the magnitude of the shift are well reproduced by the hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics scheme in which neutral thymine bases are represented by point charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia B Bravaya
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
| | - Evgeny Epifanovsky
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Anna I Krylov
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
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21
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Golan A, Bravaya KB, Kudirka R, Kostko O, Leone SR, Krylov AI, Ahmed M. Ionization of dimethyluracil dimers leads to facile proton transfer in the absence of hydrogen bonds. Nat Chem 2012; 4:323-9. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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22
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Polewski K, Zinger D, Trunk J, Sutherland JC. Ultraviolet absorption and luminescence of matrix-isolated adenine. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Barbatti M, Ullrich S. Ionization potentials of adenine along the internal conversion pathways. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:15492-500. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21350d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Abstract
A comprehensive effort in photodynamical ab initio simulations of the ultrafast deactivation pathways for all five nucleobases adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil is reported. These simulations are based on a complete nonadiabatic surface-hopping approach using extended multiconfigurational wave functions. Even though all five nucleobases share the basic internal conversion mechanisms, the calculations show a distinct grouping into purine and pyrimidine bases as concerns the complexity of the photodynamics. The purine bases adenine and guanine represent the most simple photodeactivation mechanism with the dynamics leading along a diabatic ππ* path directly and without barrier to the conical intersection seam with the ground state. In the case of the pyrimidine bases, the dynamics starts off in much flatter regions of the ππ* energy surface due to coupling of several states. This fact prohibits a clear formation of a single reaction path. Thus, the photodynamics of the pyrimidine bases is much richer and includes also nπ* states with varying importance, depending on the actual nucleobase considered. Trapping in local minima may occur and, therefore, the deactivation time to the ground state is also much longer in these cases. Implications of these findings are discussed (i) for identifying structural possibilities where singlet/triplet transitions can occur because of sufficient retention time during the singlet dynamics and (ii) concerning the flexibility of finding other deactivation pathways in substituted pyrimidines serving as candidates for alternative nucleobases.
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25
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Bravaya KB, Kostko O, Dolgikh S, Landau A, Ahmed M, Krylov AI. Electronic Structure and Spectroscopy of Nucleic Acid Bases: Ionization Energies, Ionization-Induced Structural Changes, and Photoelectron Spectra. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:12305-17. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1063726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia B. Bravaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Oleg Kostko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stanislav Dolgikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Arie Landau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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26
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Schwalb NK, Temps F. A modified four-state model for the "dual fluorescence" of N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenine derived from femtosecond fluorescence spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2010; 113:13113-23. [PMID: 19569655 DOI: 10.1021/jp9021773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The radiationless deactivation of the excited electronic states of the dual fluorescence molecule N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenine (DMAde) was investigated using femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy. The molecules were studied in solution in water and in dioxane. Fluorescence-time profiles were recorded in the wide wavelength range of 290 <or= lambda(fl) <or= 650 nm. The excitation wavelengths in the region of the first UV absorption band were tuned from close to the electronic origin (lambda(pump) = 294 nm) to excess energies of approximately 5400 cm(-1) above (lambda(pump) = 258 nm). Global fits to the measured curves turned out to reflect distinctive molecular relaxation processes on five well-defined time scales. Sub-100 fs and 0.52(3) ps lifetimes were found to predominate at the shortest UV and blue emission wavelengths in water, 1.5(1) and 3.0(2) ps components at intermediate wavelengths and a 62(1) ps value in the red region of the spectrum (2sigma error limits of the last digits in parentheses). In dioxane, these lifetimes changed to <or=0.27 and 0.63(4) ps in the UV, 1.5(1) and 10.9(10) ps in a wide range of intermediate, and 1.40(4) ns at the longest wavelengths. However, little dependence of the respective time constants on lambda(pump) was observed, indicating that the ensuing relaxation processes proceed via practically barrierless pathways through conical intersections. Building on the knowledge for the parent molecule adenine (Ade), the observations were rationalized with the help of a modified four-state model for the electronic dynamics in DMAde with the pipi*(L(a)), pipi*(L(b)), and npi* states similar to those in Ade and an intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) state, which has no counterpart in Ade, responsible for the long-wavelength fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina K Schwalb
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany.
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Zadorozhnaya AA, Krylov AI. Zooming into π-Stacked Manifolds of Nucleobases: Ionized States of Dimethylated Uracil Dimers. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:2001-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp910440d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Zadorozhnaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
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Smolarek S, Rijs AM, Buma WJ, Drabbels M. Absorption spectroscopy of adenine, 9-methyladenine, and 2-aminopurine in helium nanodroplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:15600-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00746c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hassan WMI, Chung WC, Shimakura N, Koseki S, Kono H, Fujimura Y. Ultrafast radiationless transition pathways through conical intersections in photo-excited 9H-adenine. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:5317-28. [DOI: 10.1039/b926102h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Bravaya KB, Kostko O, Ahmed M, Krylov AI. The effect of π-stacking, H-bonding, and electrostatic interactions on the ionization energies of nucleic acid bases: adenine–adenine, thymine–thymine and adenine–thymine dimers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:2292-307. [DOI: 10.1039/b919930f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dolgounitcheva O, Zakrzewski VG, Ortiz JV. Vertical Ionization Energies of Adenine and 9-Methyl Adenine. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:14630-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jp904392z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Dolgounitcheva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Auburn University Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312
| | - V. G. Zakrzewski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Auburn University Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312
| | - J. V. Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Auburn University Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312
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Holland D, Potts A, Karlsson L, Zaytseva I, Trofimov A, Schirmer J. A study of the valence shell electronic structure of uracil and the methyluracils. Chem Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2008.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Barbatti M, Lischka H. Nonadiabatic Deactivation of 9H-Adenine: A Comprehensive Picture Based on Mixed Quantum−Classical Dynamics. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:6831-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja800589p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Barbatti
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 17, 1090-Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans Lischka
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 17, 1090-Vienna, Austria
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