1
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Dumur F. Recent Advances on Photoinitiating Systems Designed for Solar Photocrosslinking Polymerization Reactions. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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2
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Müller SM, Schlögl S, Wiesner T, Haas M, Griesser T. Recent Advances in Type I Photoinitiators for Visible Light Induced Photopolymerization. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202200091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Monika Müller
- Montanuniversität Leoben: Montanuniversitat Leoben Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials AUSTRIA
| | - Sandra Schlögl
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH Chemistry of Elastomers and Surfaces AUSTRIA
| | - Tanja Wiesner
- Graz University of Technology: Technische Universitat Graz Institute of Inorganic Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Michael Haas
- Graz University of Technology: Technische Universitat Graz Institute of Inorganic Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Thomas Griesser
- Montanuniversitat Leoben Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials Otto Glöckel-Straße 2/IV 8700 Leoben AUSTRIA
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3
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Kirschner J, Baralle A, Paillard J, Graff B, Becht J, Klee JE, Lalevée J. Silyl glyoximides: Toward a New Class of Visible Light Photoinitiators. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Kirschner
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M UMR CNRS 7361 UHA 15 rue Jean Starcky Cedex France
| | - Alexandre Baralle
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M UMR CNRS 7361 UHA 15 rue Jean Starcky Cedex France
| | - Julien Paillard
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M UMR CNRS 7361 UHA 15 rue Jean Starcky Cedex France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M UMR CNRS 7361 UHA 15 rue Jean Starcky Cedex France
| | - Jean‐Michel Becht
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M UMR CNRS 7361 UHA 15 rue Jean Starcky Cedex France
| | | | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M UMR CNRS 7361 UHA 15 rue Jean Starcky Cedex France
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4
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Juliá F, Constantin T, Leonori D. Applications of Halogen-Atom Transfer (XAT) for the Generation of Carbon Radicals in Synthetic Photochemistry and Photocatalysis. Chem Rev 2021; 122:2292-2352. [PMID: 34882396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The halogen-atom transfer (XAT) is one of the most important and applied processes for the generation of carbon radicals in synthetic chemistry. In this review, we summarize and highlight the most important aspects associated with XAT and the impact it has had on photochemistry and photocatalysis. The organization of the material starts with the analysis of the most important mechanistic aspects and then follows a subdivision based on the nature of the reagents used in the halogen abstraction. This review aims to provide a general overview of the fundamental concepts and main agents involved in XAT processes with the objective of offering a tool to understand and facilitate the development of new synthetic radical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Juliá
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Timothée Constantin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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5
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Wiesner T, Haas M. Do germanium-based photoinitiators have the potential to replace the well-established acylphosphine oxides? Dalton Trans 2021; 50:12392-12398. [PMID: 34545890 PMCID: PMC8453693 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02308j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the last few decades, there has been an increasing demand for photoinitiators with growing requirements. Nowadays, photoinitiators need to fulfill several requirements such as a low level of toxicity, biocompatibility, fast polymerization rates, high activities, good photobleaching and much more in order to remain competitive on the market. Accordingly, we compare acylphosphine oxides and acylgermanes, two common classes of photoinitiators, with respect to their various synthetic pathways, toxicity, availability and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Wiesner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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6
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Püschmann SD, Frühwirt P, Müller SM, Wagner SH, Torvisco A, Fischer RC, Kelterer AM, Griesser T, Gescheidt G, Haas M. Synthesis and characterization of diacylgermanes: persistent derivatives with superior photoreactivity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:11965-11974. [PMID: 34378607 PMCID: PMC8406493 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02091a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acylgermanes are known as highly efficient photoinitiators. In this contribution, we present the synthesis of new diacylgermanes 4a-evia a multiple silyl abstraction methodology. The method outperforms the state-of-the-art approach (Corey-Seebach reaction) towards diacylgermanes in terms of group tolerance and toxicity of reagents. Moreover, these compounds are decorated with bulky mesityl groups in order to improve their storage stability. The isolated diacylgermanes were characterized by multinuclear NMR-, UV-Vis spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography, as well as photolysis experiments (photobleaching) and photo-DSC measurements (photopolymerization behavior). Upon irradiation with an LED emitting at 385 nm, all compounds except for 4a and 4c bleach efficiently with quantum yields above 0.6. Due to their broad absorption bands, the compounds can be also bleached with blue light (470 nm), where especially 4e bleaches more efficiently than Ivocerin®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina D. Püschmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/IV8010 GrazAustria
| | - Philipp Frühwirt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/II8010 GrazAustria
| | - Stefanie M. Müller
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/II8010 GrazAustria
| | - Stefan H. Wagner
- Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Montanuniversitaet LeobenOtto-Gloeckelstrasse 2A-8700 LeobenAustria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/IV8010 GrazAustria
| | - Roland C. Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/IV8010 GrazAustria
| | - Anne-Marie Kelterer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/II8010 GrazAustria
| | - Thomas Griesser
- Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Montanuniversitaet LeobenOtto-Gloeckelstrasse 2A-8700 LeobenAustria
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/II8010 GrazAustria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/IV8010 GrazAustria
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7
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Schuh L, Müller P, Torvisco A, Stueger H, Wrodnigg TM, Haas M. Synthesis of d-Galactose-Substituted Acylsilanes and Acylgermanes. Model Compounds for Visible Light Photoinitiators with Intriguing High Solubility. Organometallics 2021; 40:1185-1189. [PMID: 34054184 PMCID: PMC8155559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A convenient synthetic
method to obtain d-galactose-substituted
acylsilanes and acylgermanes is described. These acyl group 14 compounds
are easily accessible in good yields. Their structural properties
were analyzed by a combination of NMR, single crystal X-ray crystallography,
and UV/vis spectroscopy. A d-galactose-substituted tetraacylgermane
represents a new interesting visible light photoinitiator based on
its absorption properties as well as its high solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schuh
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Philipp Müller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Stueger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tanja M Wrodnigg
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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8
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Peer G, Kury M, Gorsche C, Catel Y, Frühwirt P, Gescheidt G, Moszner N, Liska R. Revival of Cyclopolymerizable Monomers as Low-Shrinkage Cross-Linkers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gernot Peer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163 MC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
- Christian-Doppler-Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Kury
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163 MC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Gorsche
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163 MC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yohann Catel
- Ivoclar Vivadent AG, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
- Christian-Doppler-Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Frühwirt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Norbert Moszner
- Ivoclar Vivadent AG, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
- Christian-Doppler-Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Liska
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163 MC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
- Christian-Doppler-Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
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9
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Frühwirt P, Knoechl A, Pillinger M, Müller SM, Wasdin PT, Fischer RC, Radebner J, Torvisco A, Moszner N, Kelterer AM, Griesser T, Gescheidt G, Haas M. The Chemistry of Acylgermanes: Triacylgermenolates Represent Valuable Building Blocks for the Synthesis of a Variety of Germanium-Based Photoinitiators. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15204-15217. [PMID: 32993291 PMCID: PMC7581296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The formation of
a stable triacylgermenolate 2 as
a decisive intermediate was achieved by using three pathways. The
first two methods involve the reaction of KOtBu or
alternatively potassium with tetraacylgermane 1 yielding 2 via one electron transfer. The mechanism involves the formation
of radical anions (shown by EPR). This reaction is highly efficient
and selective. The third method is a classical salt metathesis reaction
toward 2 in nearly quantitative yield. The formation
of 2 was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy, UV–vis
measurements, and X-ray crystallography. Germenolate 2 serves as a starting point for a wide variety of organo-germanium
compounds. We demonstrate the potential of this intermediate by introducing
new types of Ge-based photoinitiators 4b–4f. The UV–vis absorption spectra of 4b–4f show considerably increased band intensities
due to the presence of eight or more chromophores. Moreover, compounds 4d–4f show absorption tailing up to 525
nm. The performance of these photoinitiators is demonstrated by spectroscopy
(time-resolved EPR, laser flash photolysis (LFP), photobleaching (UV–vis))
and photopolymerization experiments (photo-DSC measurements). Triacylgermenolate 2 was
obtained by using
KOtBu or alternatively potassium. The mechanism involves
the formation of radical anions (shown by EPR). The one-pot synthetic
protocol produces 2 in >95% yield, as confirmed by
NMR
spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Germenolate 2 serves as a starting point for a wide variety of organo-germanium
compounds. This was demonstrated by introducing new types of Ge-based
photoinitiators 4b−4f. Their performance
was analyzed by sophisticated spectroscopic methods and photopolymerization
experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stefanie M Müller
- Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Otto-Gloeckelstrasse 2, A-8700 Leoben, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Norbert Moszner
- Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstraße 2, FL-9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | | | - Thomas Griesser
- Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Otto-Gloeckelstrasse 2, A-8700 Leoben, Austria
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10
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Wang H, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Franke R, Wu XF. Ruthenium-Catalyzed ortho
-Alkenylation of Aroylgermanes. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Yang Yuan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Youcan Zhang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Robert Franke
- Evonik Industries AG; Paul-Baumann-Str. 1 45772 Marl Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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11
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Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Chen B, Wu XF. The Exploration of Aroyltrimethylgermane as Potent Synthetic Origins and Their Preparation. iScience 2020; 23:100771. [PMID: 31958754 PMCID: PMC6992900 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.100771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthetic utilities of acylgermanes are surprisingly rarely explored compared with their analogues. In this communication, the survey of aroyltrimethylgermane as potent synthetic origins has been studied. A variety of novel chemical transformations have been realized, including using the acylgermane group as a directing group in Rh-catalyzed aromatic C-H alkenylation reaction and Ir-catalyzed aromatic C-H amidation reactions. Additionally, a general approach for acylgermanes preparation has been established as well. The catalytic system proceeds effectively in the presence of Pd(OAc)2/BINOL-based monophosphite (L11) and allows for the straightforward access to a wide range of functionalized acylgermanes in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yuan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Youcan Zhang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Bo Chen
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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12
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Jöckle P, Lamparth I, Moszner N, Barner-Kowollik C, Unterreiner AN. Evidence for ultrafast formation of tribenzoylgermyl radicals originating from tetraacylgermane photoinitiators. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report strong evidence for the ultrafast formation of tribenzoylgermyl radicals originating from tetraacylgermane photoinitiators on a ps-time scale. In comparison to previous studies, the result can be related to a high initiation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Jöckle
- Molekulare Physikalische Chemie
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | | | | | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Centre for Materials Science
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Andreas-Neil Unterreiner
- Molekulare Physikalische Chemie
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
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13
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New 1,8-Naphthalimide Derivatives as Photoinitiators for Free-Radical Polymerization Upon Visible Light. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9080637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Photopolymerization processes, and especially those carried out under visible light, are more and more widespread for their multiple advantages compared to thermal processes. In the present paper, new 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives are proposed as photoinitiators for free-radical polymerization upon visible light exposure using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at 395, 405, and 470 nm. These photoinitiators are used in combination with both iodonium salts and phosphine. The synthesis of these compounds as well as their excellent polymerization initiation ability for methacrylate monomers are presented in this article. A full picture of the involved chemical mechanisms is also provided thanks to photolysis, radical characterization, and redox measurements.
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14
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Zhu H, Wei N, Li Z, Yang Q, Xiao XQ, Lai G, Kira M. Reactions of an Isolable Dialkylgermylene with Acyl Chlorides Forming Acyl(chloro)germanes and Diacylgermanes. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningka Wei
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu-Qiong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqiao Lai
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mitsuo Kira
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Jöckle P, Kamm PW, Lamparth I, Moszner N, Unterreiner AN, Barner-Kowollik C. More than Expected: Overall Initiation Efficiencies of Mono-, Bis-, and Tetraacylgermane Radical Initiators. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Jöckle
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Molekulare Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Philipp W. Kamm
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Molekulare Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Iris Lamparth
- Ivoclar Vivadent
AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Norbert Moszner
- Ivoclar Vivadent
AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Andreas-Neil Unterreiner
- Molekulare Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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16
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Li Z, Zou X, Zhu G, Liu X, Liu R. Coumarin-Based Oxime Esters: Photobleachable and Versatile Unimolecular Initiators for Acrylate and Thiol-Based Click Photopolymerization under Visible Light-Emitting Diode Light Irradiation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:16113-16123. [PMID: 29595055 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient unimolecular visible light-emitting diode (LED) light photoinitiators (PIs) with photobleaching capability, which are essential for various biomedical applications and photopolymerization of thick materials, remains a great challenge. Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis of a series of novel PIs, containing coumarin moieties as chromophores and oxime ester groups as initiation functionalities and explore their structure-activity relationship. The investigated oxime esters can effectively induce acrylates and thiol-based click photopolymerization under 450 nm visible LED light irradiation. The initiator O-3 exhibited excellent photobleaching capability and enabled photopolymerization of thick materials (∼4.8 mm). The efficient unimolecular photobleachable initiators show great potential in dental materials and 3D printings.
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17
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Haas M, Radebner J, Eibel A, Gescheidt G, Stueger H. Recent Advances in Germanium-Based Photoinitiator Chemistry. Chemistry 2018; 24:8258-8267. [PMID: 29356151 PMCID: PMC6032850 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Acylgermanes provide an outstanding photoinduced reactivity at very useful absorption wavelengths. This encouraged multidisciplinary research groups to utilize them as highly effective and non-toxic photoinitiators particularly for medical applications. In this Minireview, we present the most recent breakthroughs to synthesize acylgermanes. We also outline mechanistic aspects of photoinduced reactions of several acylgermane derivatives based on fundamental spectroscopic insights. These studies may aid future developments for tailor-made photoinitiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Judith Radebner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Eibel
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Stueger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
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18
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Jöckle P, Radebner J, Haas M, Lamparth I, Stueger H, Moszner N, Unterreiner AN, Barner-Kowollik C. A Priori Prediction of Mass Spectrometric Product Patterns of Photoinitiated Polymerizations. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:132-136. [PMID: 35610907 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a method for the a priori prediction of mass spectra of complex poly(methyl methacrylate)s initiated by photoinitiators featuring multiple cleavage points. The method is based on permutation mathematics using multinomial coefficients to predict the probability of each poly(methyl methacrylate) species' isotopic pattern contribution to the overall mass spectrum. The method assumes a statistical behavior for the cleavage of the photoinitiator. The excellent agreement of the predicted mass spectrum based on multinomial coefficients with the experimental mass spectrum confirms a multipoint cleavage mechanism of the assessed photoinitiators. We exemplify our method for the prediction of mass spectra of poly(methyl methacrylate)s initiated by four tetraacylgermane derivates and one bisacylgermane, recorded after visible light pulsed-laser polymerization by high resolution Orbitrap electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The excellent agreement of our approach with experimental data suggests that a wide array of polymer mass spectra of polymers initiated by initiators capable of multiple cleavage events can be quantitatively predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Jöckle
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany) and Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Kalsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Molekulare Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Judith Radebner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Iris Lamparth
- Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Harald Stueger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Norbert Moszner
- Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Andreas-Neil Unterreiner
- Molekulare Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany) and Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Kalsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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19
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Eibel A, Radebner J, Haas M, Fast DE, Freißmuth H, Stadler E, Faschauner P, Torvisco A, Lamparth I, Moszner N, Stueger H, Gescheidt G. From mono- to tetraacylgermanes: extending the scope of visible light photoinitiators. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01590a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We present a comparative study of the photoinitiating efficiency of selected acylgermanes, focusing on wavelength-dependent photobleaching, decomposition quantum yields and radical reactivity.
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20
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Stadler E, Eibel A, Fast D, Freißmuth H, Holly C, Wiech M, Moszner N, Gescheidt G. A versatile method for the determination of photochemical quantum yieldsviaonline UV-Vis spectroscopy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:660-669. [DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00401j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
On-line UV-Vis monitoring of photochemical reactions driven by LEDs allows the straightforward determination of quantum yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Stadler
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- NAWI Graz
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Anna Eibel
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- NAWI Graz
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - David Fast
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- NAWI Graz
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Hilde Freißmuth
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- NAWI Graz
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Christian Holly
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- NAWI Graz
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Mathias Wiech
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- NAWI Graz
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | | | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- NAWI Graz
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
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21
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Jöckle P, Schweigert C, Lamparth I, Moszner N, Unterreiner AN, Barner-Kowollik C. An In-Depth Mechanistic Investigation of the Radical Initiation Behavior of Monoacylgermanes. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Jöckle
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Kalsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Molekulare
Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2,76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Caroline Schweigert
- Molekulare
Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2,76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Iris Lamparth
- Ivoclar Vivadent
AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Norbert Moszner
- Ivoclar Vivadent
AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Andreas-Neil Unterreiner
- Molekulare
Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2,76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Kalsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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22
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Radebner J, Leypold M, Eibel A, Maier J, Schuh L, Torvisco A, Fischer R, Moszner N, Gescheidt G, Stueger H, Haas M. Synthesis, Spectroscopic Behavior, and Photoinduced Reactivity of Tetraacylgermanes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Norbert Moszner
- Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstraße
2, FL-9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
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23
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Bouzrati-Zerelli M, Kirschner J, Fik CP, Maier M, Dietlin C, Morlet-Savary F, Fouassier JP, Becht JM, Klee JE, Lalevée J. Silyl Glyoxylates as a New Class of High Performance Photoinitiators: Blue LED Induced Polymerization of Methacrylates in Thin and Thick Films. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Bouzrati-Zerelli
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Julie Kirschner
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Christoph P. Fik
- Dentsply Sirona
Restorative, De-Trey-Str. 1, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Maximilian Maier
- Dentsply Sirona
Restorative, De-Trey-Str. 1, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Celine Dietlin
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Jean Pierre Fouassier
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Jean-Michel Becht
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Joachim E. Klee
- Dentsply Sirona
Restorative, De-Trey-Str. 1, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361, UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Cedex 68057 Mulhouse, France
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24
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Radebner J, Eibel A, Leypold M, Gorsche C, Schuh L, Fischer R, Torvisco A, Neshchadin D, Geier R, Moszner N, Liska R, Gescheidt G, Haas M, Stueger H. Tetraacylgermanes: Highly Efficient Photoinitiators for Visible-Light-Induced Free-Radical Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3103-3107. [PMID: 28156043 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this contribution a convenient synthetic method to obtain tetraacylgermanes Ge[C(O)R]4 (R=mesityl (1 a), phenyl (1 b)), a previously unknown class of highly efficient Ge-based photoinitiators, is described. Tetraacylgermanes are easily accessible via a one-pot synthetic protocol in >85 % yield, as confirmed by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. The efficiency of 1 a,b as photoinitiators is demonstrated in photobleaching (UV/Vis), time-resolved EPR (CIDEP), and NMR/CIDNP investigations as well as by photo-DSC studies. Remarkably, the tetraacylgermanes exceed the performance of currently known long-wavelength visible-light photoinitiators for free-radical polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Radebner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Eibel
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Mario Leypold
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Gorsche
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry, Technische Universität Wien, Austria
| | - Lukas Schuh
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Dmytro Neshchadin
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Roman Geier
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Austria
| | | | - Robert Liska
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry, Technische Universität Wien, Austria
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Stueger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
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25
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Radebner J, Eibel A, Leypold M, Gorsche C, Schuh L, Fischer R, Torvisco A, Neshchadin D, Geier R, Moszner N, Liska R, Gescheidt G, Haas M, Stueger H. Tetraacylgermane: hochwirksame Photoinitiatoren für die radikalische Polymerisation mit sichtbarem Licht. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Radebner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Anna Eibel
- Institute für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Österreich
| | - Mario Leypold
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Christian Gorsche
- Institut für Angewandte Synthesechemie und Christian Doppler, Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry; Technische Universität Wien; Österreich
| | - Lukas Schuh
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Roland Fischer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Dmytro Neshchadin
- Institute für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Österreich
| | - Roman Geier
- Institute für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Österreich
| | | | - Robert Liska
- Institut für Angewandte Synthesechemie und Christian Doppler, Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry; Technische Universität Wien; Österreich
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Österreich
| | - Michael Haas
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Harald Stueger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
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26
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Dadashi-Silab S, Doran S, Yagci Y. Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reactions for Macromolecular Syntheses. Chem Rev 2016; 116:10212-75. [PMID: 26745441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 546] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical reactions, particularly those involving photoinduced electron transfer processes, establish a substantial contribution to the modern synthetic chemistry, and the polymer community has been increasingly interested in exploiting and developing novel photochemical strategies. These reactions are efficiently utilized in almost every aspect of macromolecular architecture synthesis, involving initiation, control of the reaction kinetics and molecular structures, functionalization, and decoration, etc. Merging with polymerization techniques, photochemistry has opened up new intriguing and powerful avenues for macromolecular synthesis. Construction of various polymers with incredibly complex structures and specific control over the chain topology, as well as providing the opportunity to manipulate the reaction course through spatiotemporal control, are one of the unique abilities of such photochemical reactions. This review paper provides a comprehensive account of the fundamentals and applications of photoinduced electron transfer reactions in polymer synthesis. Besides traditional photopolymerization methods, namely free radical and cationic polymerizations, step-growth polymerizations involving electron transfer processes are included. In addition, controlled radical polymerization and "Click Chemistry" methods have significantly evolved over the last few decades allowing access to narrow molecular weight distributions, efficient regulation of the molecular weight and the monomer sequence and incredibly complex architectures, and polymer modifications and surface patterning are covered. Potential applications including synthesis of block and graft copolymers, polymer-metal nanocomposites, various hybrid materials and bioconjugates, and sequence defined polymers through photoinduced electron transfer reactions are also investigated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Dadashi-Silab
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University , 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sean Doran
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University , 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University , 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.,Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University , 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Haas M, Leypold M, Schnalzer D, Torvisco A, Stueger H. Stable Germenolates and Germenes with Exocyclic Structures. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and ‡Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Mario Leypold
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and ‡Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Dominik Schnalzer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and ‡Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and ‡Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Stueger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and ‡Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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28
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Visible light sensitive photoinitiating systems: Recent progress in cationic and radical photopolymerization reactions under soft conditions. Prog Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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29
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Neshchadin D, Rosspeintner A, Griesser M, Lang B, Mosquera-Vazquez S, Vauthey E, Gorelik V, Liska R, Hametner C, Ganster B, Saf R, Moszner N, Gescheidt G. Acylgermanes: Photoinitiators and Sources for Ge-Centered Radicals. Insights into their Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17314-21. [DOI: 10.1021/ja404433u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arnulf Rosspeintner
- Département
de Chimie Physique, Université de Genève, 30, quai
Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | | | - Bernhard Lang
- Département
de Chimie Physique, Université de Genève, 30, quai
Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Mosquera-Vazquez
- Département
de Chimie Physique, Université de Genève, 30, quai
Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Eric Vauthey
- Département
de Chimie Physique, Université de Genève, 30, quai
Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | | | - Robert Liska
- Institute
of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt
9/163/MC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Hametner
- Institute
of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt
9/163/MC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Beate Ganster
- Institute
of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt
9/163/MC, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Norbert Moszner
- Ivoclar
Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse
2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
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30
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Syntheses and structures of eight-semi-coordinate M(II) (M=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) complexes and density functional theory study of bond dissociation energies for the MO semi coordinate bonds. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2012.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Moszner N, Hirt T. New polymer-chemical developments in clinical dental polymer materials: Enamel-dentin adhesives and restorative composites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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32
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Lalevée J, Morlet-Savary F, Tehfe MA, Graff B, Fouassier JP. Photosensitized Formation of Phosphorus-Centered Radicals: Application to the Design of Photoinitiating Systems. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3008064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, LRC CNRS
7228, ENSCMu-UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky,
68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, LRC CNRS
7228, ENSCMu-UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky,
68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Mohamad Ali Tehfe
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, LRC CNRS
7228, ENSCMu-UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky,
68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, LRC CNRS
7228, ENSCMu-UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky,
68057 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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33
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Tehfe MA, Lalevée J, Morlet-Savary F, Graff B, Fouassier JP. On the Use of Bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(IV) Dichloride in Visible-Light-Induced Ring-Opening Photopolymerization. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma202307x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Ali Tehfe
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, LRC CNRS 7228, ENSCMu-UHA
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, LRC CNRS 7228, ENSCMu-UHA
| | | | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, LRC CNRS 7228, ENSCMu-UHA
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34
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Tehfe MA, Lalevée J, Morlet-Savary F, Graff B, Fouassier JP. A Breakthrough toward Long Wavelength Cationic Photopolymerization: Initiating Systems Based on Violanthrone Derivatives and Silyl Radicals. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2017265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Ali Tehfe
- Department of Photochemistry, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex − France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Department of Photochemistry, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex − France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Department of Photochemistry, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex − France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Department of Photochemistry, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex − France
| | - Jean-Pierre Fouassier
- Department of Photochemistry, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex − France
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35
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Lalevée J, Blanchard N, Tehfe MA, Fries C, Morlet-Savary F, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP. New thioxanthone and xanthone photoinitiators based on silyl radical chemistry. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00392a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New cleavable photoinitiators are presented. As demonstrated here, combining the thioxanthone/xanthone (or other PI skeletons) and silyl chemistries should open up a new promising direction of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Lalevée
- Department of Photochemistry
- CNRS
- University of Haute Alsace
- ENSCMu
- Mulhouse cedex
| | - Nicolas Blanchard
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry
- CNRS
- University of Haute Alsace
- ENSCMu
- Mulhouse cedex
| | - Mohamad Ali Tehfe
- Department of Photochemistry
- CNRS
- University of Haute Alsace
- ENSCMu
- Mulhouse cedex
| | - Cédric Fries
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry
- CNRS
- University of Haute Alsace
- ENSCMu
- Mulhouse cedex
| | | | - Didier Gigmes
- UMR 6264 Laboratoire Chimie Provence
- Université de Provence
- Marseille cedex 20
- France
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Lalevée J, Tehfe MA, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP. On the Favorable Interaction of Metal Centered Radicals with Hydroperoxides for an Enhancement of the Photopolymerization Efficiency Under Air. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma101194y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Lalevée
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Mohamad-Ali Tehfe
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- UMR 6264 Laboratoire Chimie Provence, Université de Provence, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, Case 542, Marseille 13397, Cedex 20, France
| | - Jean Pierre Fouassier
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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37
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Belon C, Allonas X, Croutxé-barghorn C, Lalevée J. Overcoming the oxygen inhibition in the photopolymerization of acrylates: A study of the beneficial effect of triphenylphosphine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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38
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Tehfe M, Lalevée J, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP. Combination of transition metal carbonyls and silanes: New photoinitiating systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad‐Ali Tehfe
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, Mulhouse 68093, Cedex, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, Mulhouse 68093, Cedex, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- UMR 6264 Laboratoire Chimie Provence, Université de Provence, Avenue Escadrille Normandie‐Niemen, Case 542, Marseille 13397, Cedex 20, France
| | - Jean Pierre Fouassier
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, Mulhouse 68093, Cedex, France
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Tehfe MA, Lalevée J, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP. Green Chemistry: Sunlight-Induced Cationic Polymerization of Renewable Epoxy Monomers Under Air. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9025702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Ali Tehfe
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- UMR 6264 Laboratoire Chimie Provence. Université de Provence. Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, Case 542, Marseille 13397, Cedex 20, France
| | - Jean Pierre Fouassier
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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40
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Tehfe MA, Blanchard N, Fries C, Lalevée J, Allonas X, Fouassier JP. Bis(germyl)ketones: Toward a New Class of Type I Photoinitiating Systems Sensitive Above 500 nm? Macromol Rapid Commun 2009; 31:473-8. [PMID: 21590929 DOI: 10.1002/marc.200900695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Revised: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The ability of a bis(germyl)ketone Ph(3) GeCOGePh(3) to act as a photoinitiator of free radical polymerization under visible light is investigated. The results suggest that this compound could be the starting point of a new high performance class of photoinitiators. The excited state processes, as well as the generation and the reactivity of the germyl radicals, are studied by laser flash photolysis, ESR spin trapping experiments, and molecular orbital calculations; they are compared to the results obtained on a mono- (germyl)ketone CH(3) COGePh(3) . Time dependent density functional theory calculations allow discussion of the strongly red-shifted ground state absorption of Ph(3) GeCOGePh(3) .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahamad-Ali Tehfe
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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41
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Tehfe MA, Lalevée J, Allonas X, Fouassier JP. Long Wavelength Cationic Photopolymerization in Aerated Media: A Remarkable Titanocene/Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane/Onium Salt Photoinitiating System. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9016696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Tehfe
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - J. Lalevée
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - X. Allonas
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - J. P. Fouassier
- Department of Photochemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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42
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Lalevée J, Blanchard N, Chany AC, El-Roz M, Souane R, Graff B, Allonas X, Fouassier JP. Silyl Radical Chemistry and Conventional Photoinitiators: A Route for the Design of Efficient Systems. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma901003h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Lalevée
- Department of Photochemistry,
CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093
Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - N. Blanchard
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic
Chemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred
Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - A. C. Chany
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic
Chemistry, CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred
Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - M. El-Roz
- Department of Photochemistry,
CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093
Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - R. Souane
- Department of Photochemistry,
CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093
Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - B. Graff
- Department of Photochemistry,
CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093
Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - X. Allonas
- Department of Photochemistry,
CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093
Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - J. P. Fouassier
- Department of Photochemistry,
CNRS, University of Haute Alsace, ENSCMu, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093
Mulhouse Cedex, France
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