1
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Zhang L, Fassioli F, Fu B, She ZS, Scholes GD. Modeling Excited-State Proton Transfer Using the Lindblad Equation: Quantification of Time-Resolved Spectroscopy with Mechanistic Insights. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2022; 3:107-118. [PMID: 36718263 PMCID: PMC9881171 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.2c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The quantum dynamics of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) is studied using a multilevel vibronic Hamiltonian and the Lindblad master equation. We simulate time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzothiazole (HBT) and 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline (HBQ), which suggests that the underlying mechanism behind the initial ultrafast rise and decay in the spectra is electronic state population that evolves simultaneously with proton wave packet dynamics. The results predict that the initial rise and decay signals at different wavelengths vary significantly with system properties in terms of their shape, the time, and the intensity of the maximum. These findings provide clues for data interpretation, mechanism validation, and control of the dynamics, and the model serves as an attempt toward clarifying ESIPT by direct comparison to time-resolved spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhao Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey08544, United States
| | - Francesca Fassioli
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey08544, United States,SISSA
− Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, 34136Trieste, TS, Italy,
| | - Bo Fu
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey08544, United States
| | - Zhen-Su She
- Department
of Mechanical and Engineering Science, Peking
University, Beijing100871, China,. Phone: +86-010-62766559
| | - Gregory D. Scholes
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey08544, United States,. Phone: +1-609-258-0729
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2
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Liang X, Zhang Z, Fang H. Uncovering the effect of atom substitution on ESIPT direction and luminescent property of the asymmetric two proton acceptor compound: A TD-DFT study. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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3
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Pandey D, Vennapusa SR. ESIPT pathways and optical properties of 7-Hydroxy-1-Indanones. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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4
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Zhang X, Schwarz KN, Zhang L, Fassioli F, Fu B, Nguyen LQ, Knowles RR, Scholes GD. Interference of nuclear wavepackets in a pair of proton transfer reactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2212114119. [PMID: 36252025 PMCID: PMC9618146 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2212114119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum mechanics revolutionized chemists' understanding of molecular structure. In contrast, the kinetics of molecular reactions in solution are well described by classical, statistical theories. To reveal how the dynamics of chemical systems transition from quantum to classical, we study femtosecond proton transfer in a symmetric molecule with two identical reactant sites that are spatially apart. With the reaction launched from a superposition of two local basis states, we hypothesize that the ensuing motions of the electrons and nuclei will proceed, conceptually, in lockstep as a superposition of probability amplitudes until decoherence collapses the system to a product. Using ultrafast spectroscopy, we observe that the initial superposition state affects the reaction kinetics by an interference mechanism. With the aid of a quantum dynamics model, we propose how the evolution of nuclear wavepackets manifests the unusual intersite quantum correlations during the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Kyra N. Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Luhao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Francesca Fassioli
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste 34136, Italy
| | - Bo Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Lucas Q. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
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5
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Hurley JJM, Zhu L. Excitation Energy-Dependent, Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer-Based Dual Emission in Poor Hydrogen-Bonding Solvents. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:5711-5720. [PMID: 35980823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2-(2'-Hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole (HBO) substituted at the 5'-position with bipyridylvinylene phenylenevinylene (compound 2) produces both normal and, via an excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) reaction, tautomer emissions in solvents that preserve intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The abundance of the tautomer emission from compound 2 in a poor hydrogen-bonding solvent increases in response to the application of a higher excitation energy. Based on quantum chemical calculations, the excitation-dependent dual emission is consistent with a model in which the ESIPT reaction is more favored in the S2 than in the S1 electronically excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J M Hurley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
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6
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Dobkowski J, Kijak M, Gawinkowski S, Karpiuk E, Pietrzak M, Sazanovich IV, Waluk J. Solving the Puzzle of Unusual Excited-State Proton Transfer in 2,5-Bis(6-methyl-2-benzoxazolyl)phenol. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:1823-1836. [PMID: 35286097 PMCID: PMC8958588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c10030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
2,5-Bis(6-methyl-2-benzoxazolyl)phenol
(BMP) exhibits
an ultrafast excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)
when isolated in supersonic jets, whereas in condensed phases the
phototautomerization is orders of magnitude slower. This unusual situation
leads to nontypical photophysical characteristics: dual fluorescence
is observed for BMP in solution, whereas only a single
emission, originating from the phototautomer, is detected for the
ultracold isolated molecules. In order to understand the completely
different behavior in the two regimes, detailed photophysical studies
have been carried out. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of ESIPT
were determined from stationary and transient picosecond absorption
and emission for BMP in different solvents in a broad
temperature range. These studies were combined with time-dependent-
density functional theory quantum-chemical modeling. The excited-state
double-well potential for BMP and its methyl-free analogue
were calculated by applying different hybrid functionals and compared
with the results obtained for another proton-transferring molecule,
2,5-bis(5-ethyl-2-benzoxazolyl)hydroquinone (DE-BBHQ).
The results lead to the model that explains the difference in proton-transfer
properties of BMP in vacuum and in the condensed phase
by inversion of the two lowest singlet states occurring along the
PT coordinate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Dobkowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Kijak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwester Gawinkowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elena Karpiuk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Pietrzak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Igor V Sazanovich
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Waluk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
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7
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Meisner QJ, Hurley JJM, Guo P, Blood AR, Schaller RD, Gosztola DJ, Wiederrecht GP, Zhu L. Triple Emission of 5'-( para-R-Phenylene)vinylene-2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole (PVHBO). Part I: Dual Emission from the Neutral Species. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:1033-1061. [PMID: 35143188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c10165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of 5'-(para-R-phenylene)vinylene (PV) substituents on the emission properties of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole (HBO) are analyzed using steady-state and time-resolved absorption and emission spectroscopies in addition to quantum chemical calculations. All members in the series of PVHBOs are capable of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) with a solvent sensitivity that is typical of a HBO derivative to produce a normal (aka enol) emission and an excited-state tautomer (aka keto) emission. These two emission bands of the neutral dyes are discussed in the current paper. The intermolecular proton transfer, i.e., the deprotonation, of a PVHBO results in the third band of the triple emission, which is described in the succeeding paper. The placement of an electron-withdrawing substituent R on the PVHBO scaffold increases the intensity of the keto emission relative to the enol emission in hydrogen-bonding solvents. The R substituents do not significantly alter the wavelengths of the enol and keto emission bands, which are located in the blue and green regions, respectively, of the visible spectrum. The ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopies and quantum chemical calculations offer explanations on how the R group and the solvent affect the enol and keto emission properties (i.e., wavelength, lifetime, fluorescence quantum yield, and relative ratio of their emissions). The key findings include the following: (1) the emission energies of both enol and keto forms are not sensitively dependent on the R substituent and (2) the solvent-engaged enol excited state is quenched more efficiently as the R substituent becomes more electron-withdrawing. A PVHBO acts as a fusion of HBO and stilbenoid that intersect at the hydroxyphenyl moiety. Depending on the solvent and other environmental conditions, PVHBOs may exhibit the ESIPT property of HBO or the substituent-dependent emission of stilbenoid. This paper and the succeeding article provide a photophysical model of PVHBOs to explain the wavelengths and relative abundances of the three emission bands (enol, keto, and anion) that these compounds are able to produce. Judicial selection of the environmental factors may drive the emission of a PVHBO into the spectral regions of blue, green, and, in a couple of cases, orange or red.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinton J Meisner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Joseph J M Hurley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Peijun Guo
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Anna R Blood
- New College of Florida, 5800 Bay Shore Road, Sarasota, Florida 34243, United States
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - David J Gosztola
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Gary P Wiederrecht
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
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8
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Biswas S, Kim J, Zhang X, Scholes GD. Coherent Two-Dimensional and Broadband Electronic Spectroscopies. Chem Rev 2022; 122:4257-4321. [PMID: 35037757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, coherent broadband spectroscopy has been widely used to improve our understanding of ultrafast processes (e.g., photoinduced electron transfer, proton transfer, and proton-coupled electron transfer reactions) at femtosecond resolution. The advances in femtosecond laser technology along with the development of nonlinear multidimensional spectroscopy enabled further insights into ultrafast energy transfer and carrier relaxation processes in complex biological and material systems. New discoveries and interpretations have led to improved design principles for optimizing the photophysical properties of various artificial systems. In this review, we first provide a detailed theoretical framework of both coherent broadband and two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES). We then discuss a selection of experimental approaches and considerations of 2DES along with best practices for data processing and analysis. Finally, we review several examples where coherent broadband and 2DES were employed to reveal mechanisms of photoinitiated ultrafast processes in molecular, biological, and material systems. We end the review with a brief perspective on the future of the experimental techniques themselves and their potential to answer an even greater range of scientific questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08 544, United States
| | - JunWoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08 544, United States
| | - Xinzi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08 544, United States
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08 544, United States
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9
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10
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Liu YH, Yu SB, Peng YJ, Wang CW, Zhu C, Lin SH. Excited-state intramolecular proton transfer with and without the assistance of vibronic-transition-induced skeletal deformation in phenol-quinoline. RSC Adv 2021; 11:37299-37306. [PMID: 35496430 PMCID: PMC9043822 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07042h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) reaction of two phenol-quinoline molecules (namely PQ-1 and PQ-2) were investigated using time-dependent density functional theory. The five-(six-) membered-ring carbocycle between the phenol and quinolone moieties in PQ-1 (PQ-2) actually causes a relatively loose (tight) hydrogen bond, which results in a small-barrier (barrier-less) on an excited-state potential energy surface with a slow (fast) ESIPT process with (without) involving the skeletal deformation motion up to the electronic excitation. The skeletal deformation motion that is induced from the largest vibronic excitation with low frequency can assist in decreasing the donor-acceptor distance and lowering the reaction barrier in the excited-state potential energy surface, and thus effectively enhance the ESIPT reaction for PQ-1. The Franck-Condon simulation indicated that the low-frequency mode with vibronic excitation 0 → 1' is an original source of the skeletal deformation vibration. The present simulation presents physical insights for phenol-quinoline molecules in which relatively tight or loose hydrogen bonds can influence the ESIPT reaction process with and without the assistance of the skeletal deformation motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hui Liu
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University Jinzhou 121013 China
| | - Shi-Bo Yu
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University Jinzhou 121013 China
| | - Ya-Jing Peng
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University Jinzhou 121013 China
| | - Chen-Wen Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao-Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Chaoyuan Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao-Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hsien Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao-Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
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11
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Jeon K, Jen M, Lee S, Jang T, Pang Y. Intramolecular Charge Transfer of 1-Aminoanthraquinone and Ultrafast Solvation Dynamics of Dimethylsulfoxide. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111926. [PMID: 34769357 PMCID: PMC8584543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) of 1-aminoanthraquinone (AAQ) in the excited state strongly depends on its solvent properties, and the twisted geometry of its amino group has been recommended for the twisted ICT (TICT) state by recent theoretical works. We report the transient Raman spectra of AAQ in a dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solution by femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy to provide clear experimental evidence for the TICT state of AAQ. The ultrafast (~110 fs) TICT dynamics of AAQ were observed from the major vibrational modes of AAQ including the νC-N + δCH and νC=O modes. The coherent oscillations in the vibrational bands of AAQ strongly coupled to the nuclear coordinate for the TICT process have been observed, which showed its anharmonic coupling to the low frequency out of the plane deformation modes. The vibrational mode of solvent DMSO, νS=O showed a decrease in intensity, especially in the hydrogen-bonded species of DMSO, which clearly shows that the solvation dynamics of DMSO, including hydrogen bonding, are crucial to understanding the reaction dynamics of AAQ with the ultrafast structural changes accompanying the TICT.
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12
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Picconi D. Nonadiabatic quantum dynamics of the coherent excited state intramolecular proton transfer of 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:1455-1473. [PMID: 34657277 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00112-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The photoinduced nonadiabatic dynamics of the enol-keto isomerization of 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline (HBQ) are studied computationally using high-dimensional quantum dynamics. The simulations are based on a diabatic vibronic coupling Hamiltonian, which includes the two lowest [Formula: see text] excited states and a [Formula: see text] state, which has high energy in the Franck-Condon zone, but significantly stabilizes upon excited state intramolecular proton transfer. A procedure, applicable to large classes of excited state proton transfer reactions, is presented to parametrize this model using potential energies, forces and force constants, which, in this case, are obtained by time-dependent density functional theory. The wave packet calculations predict a time scale of 10-15 fs for the photoreaction, and reproduce the time constants and the coherent oscillations observed in time-resolved spectroscopic studies performed on HBQ. In contrast to the interpretation given to the most recent experiments, it is found that the reaction initiated by [Formula: see text] photoexcitation proceeds essentially on a single potential energy surface, and the observed coherences bear signatures of Duschinsky mode-mixing along the reaction path. The dynamics after the [Formula: see text] excitation are instead nonadiabatic, and the [Formula: see text] state plays a major role in the relaxation process. The simulations suggest a mainly active role of the proton in the isomerization, rather than a passive migration assisted by the vibrations of the benzoquinoline backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Picconi
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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13
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Leier J, Michenfelder NC, Unterreiner AN, Olzmann M. Indications for an intermolecular photo-induced excited-state proton transfer of p-nitrophenol in water. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1975051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Leier
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nadine C. Michenfelder
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andreas-Neil Unterreiner
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Matthias Olzmann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
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14
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Liu ZY, Wei YC, Chou PT. Correlation between Kinetics and Thermodynamics for Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Reactions. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:6611-6620. [PMID: 34308634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c04192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Finding the relation between thermodynamics and kinetics for a reaction is of fundamental importance. Here, the thermodynamics and kinetics correlation of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) was investigated by the TD-DFT calculation under the CAM-B3LYP/6-311+G** level. We choose the family 2-(2'-aminophyenyl)benzothiazole and its amino derivatives as paradigms, which all possess the NH-type intramolecular hydrogen bond (H-bond), and investigate the corresponding ESIPT reaction. The H-bond strength can be systematically tuned, so both activation energy ΔG‡ and free energy difference between proton transfer tautomer (T*, product) and normal species (N*, reactant) ΔGT*-N* can be varied. To minimize the environmental interference such as solvent external H-bond and polarity perturbation, a nonpolar solvent such as cyclohexane is chosen as a bath with a polarizable continuum solvation model for the calculation. As a result, the comprehensive computational approach reveals a linear relationship between ΔGT*-N* and ΔG‡, which can be expressed as ΔG‡ = ΔG0 + αΔGT*-N*. The fundamental insight is reminiscent of the Bell-Evans-Polanyi (BEP) principle where α represents the character of the position of the transition state along the proton motion coordinate. In other words, the more exergonic the ESIPT reaction is, the faster the proton transfer rate can be observed. To verify that such a correlation is not a sporadic event, another ESIPT family with an -OH proton, 1-hydroxy-11H-benzo[b]fluoren-11-one and its derivatives, was also investigated and proved to follow the BEP principle as well. Unlike the quantum mechanics description of proton transfer where either proton tunneling is dominant or solute/solvent is coupled in ESIPT, this work demonstrates that reaction kinetics and thermodynamics are strongly correlated within the same class of ESIPT molecules with an intrinsic barrier free from solvent perturbation, being faster with the more exergonic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Ying Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chen Wei
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan, R.O.C
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15
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The effect of ring aromaticity on ESIPT behavior and photophysical properties of 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)- 4-chloromethylthiazole derivatives: A TD-DFT study. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Nag P, Vennapusa SR. Role of Skeletal and O-H Vibrational Motions in the Ultrafast Excited-State Relaxation Dynamics of Alizarin. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:10989-10996. [PMID: 33331785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c09454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The role of two skeletal (C═C and C═O stretch) and O-H vibrational motions in the internal conversion dynamics associated with the coupled S1(ππ*, A') -S2(nπ*, A″) potential energy surfaces of alizarin are investigated theoretically. Quantum wavepacket dynamics simulations reveal a nonadiabatic population transfer from the "bright" S1(ππ*, A') to "dark" S2(nπ*, A″) state on a time scale of 10 fs. A detailed analysis of computed structural parameters, energetics, and time-dependent observables suggest that these vibrations promote the nonadiabatic dynamics before initiating the proton transfer process. We also discuss how the simultaneous evolution of multidimensional dynamics involving several vibrational degrees of freedom would increase the complexity, while analyzing the spectral and kinetic data of time-resolved spectroscopy measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Probal Nag
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala PO, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Sivaranjana Reddy Vennapusa
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala PO, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
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17
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Kim J, Kim CH, Burger C, Park M, Kling MF, Kim DE, Joo T. Non-Born-Oppenheimer Molecular Dynamics Observed by Coherent Nuclear Wave Packets. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:755-761. [PMID: 31927968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The reaction dynamics of a photochemical reaction is typically described by reaction coordinates based on the Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation. A strong interaction between electrons and nuclei, conventionally occurring at conical intersections, however, breaks the BO approximation and has major consequences for the efficiency of a photochemical reaction. Despite its importance, related studies into the non-BO dynamics are scarce. Here, we investigate the non-BO dynamics of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) occurring in 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline (HBQ). Two coherent vibrational modes at 237 and 794 cm-1 representing molecular dynamics on a diabatic surface in HBQ are identified by a wave packet analysis based on a transient absorption measurement with a time resolution of 11 fs and with a density functional theory-based model calculation. It is also revealed that the strong Coulomb field effect in HBQ leads to the completion of ESIPT within about two cycles of the OH stretching mode. The work paves the way for time-domain studies of molecular dynamics beyond the BO approximation in other photochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- JunWoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang 37673 , Korea
| | - Chul Hoon Kim
- Center for Attosecond Science and Technology , Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative (MPK) , Pohang 37673 , Korea
| | - Christian Burger
- Max Plank Institute of Quantum Optics , D-85748 Garching , Germany
- Physics Department , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich , D-85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Myeongkee Park
- Department of Chemistry , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang 37673 , Korea
| | - Matthias F Kling
- Max Plank Institute of Quantum Optics , D-85748 Garching , Germany
- Physics Department , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich , D-85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Dong Eon Kim
- Center for Attosecond Science and Technology , Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative (MPK) , Pohang 37673 , Korea
- Department of Physics , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang 37673 , Korea
| | - Taiha Joo
- Department of Chemistry , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang 37673 , Korea
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18
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Yoneda Y, Sotome H, Mathew R, Lakshmanna YA, Miyasaka H. Non-condon Effect on Ultrafast Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer. J Phys Chem A 2019; 124:265-271. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b09085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yoneda
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sotome
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Reshma Mathew
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Yapamanu Adithya Lakshmanna
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Hiroshi Miyasaka
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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19
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Ullah N, Chen S, Zhao Y, Zhang R. Photoinduced Water-Heptazine Electron-Driven Proton Transfer: Perspective for Water Splitting with g-C 3N 4. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4310-4316. [PMID: 31310538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Heptazine-assembled polymeric carbon nitride (CN) materials have fascinated the research community as a photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution while less attention has been devoted to the mechanistic features of the host materials. Using excited-state nonadiabatic dynamics simulations, the molecular-level picture of the decomposition of heptazine hydrogen bonded to water molecule(s) (heptazine-water complex) into heptazinyl and hydroxyl biradical products is revealed. Dynamics simulations show that hydrogen detachment from the water molecule to the heptazine occurs within tens of femtoseconds and suggest that excited-state deactivation via N-H······O-H electron-driven proton transfer (EDPT) is the dominant and most relevant excited-state deactivation process in heptazine-water complexes leading to conical intersection. The observation of photorelaxation-induced water splitting by heptazine is proof of the water-splitting reaction principle, which presents further challenges for computational and experimental investigations of the deactivation of heptazinyl and OH biradical products for efficient hydrogen evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Ullah
- Department of Physics , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Shunwei Chen
- Department of Physics , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Physics , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
- Shenzhen Research Institute , City University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Ruiqin Zhang
- Department of Physics , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center , Beijing 100193 , China
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20
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Balasubramanian M, Reynolds A, Blair TJ, Khalil M. Probing ultrafast vibrational dynamics of intramolecular hydrogen bonds with broadband infrared pump-probe spectroscopy. Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Tyburski R, Föhlinger J, Hammarström L. Light Driven Electron Transfer in Methylbipyridine/Phenol Complexes Is Not Proton Coupled. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:4425-4429. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b02221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Tyburski
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Föhlinger
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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22
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Marciniak H, Hristova S, Deneva V, Kamounah FS, Hansen PE, Lochbrunner S, Antonov L. Dynamics of excited state proton transfer in nitro substituted 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinolines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:26621-26629. [PMID: 28953273 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04476c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ground state tautomerism and excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) of 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline (HBQ) and its nitro derivatives, 7-nitrobenzo[h]quinolin-10-ol (2) and 7,9-dinitrobenzo[h]quinolin-10-ol (3), have been studied in acetonitrile using steady state as well as time dependent spectroscopy and quantum-chemical calculations. In addition to the enol form absorbance in the range 360-390 nm, the absorption spectra of 2 and 3 exhibit a red shifted band at ∼450 nm. Chemometric data processing, based on individual band decomposition, allowed us to estimate the position of the ground state enol-keto tautomeric equilibrium (ΔG values of 1.03 and 0.62 kcal mol-1 respectively for 2 and 3). The fluorescence stems from the keto form even if the enol form is optically excited as proven by the shape of the excitation spectra indicating that ESIPT takes place. The Stokes shift of the substituted compounds is substantially lower compared to HBQ, which follows from the fact that the substitution occurs in the formal cyclohexa-2,4-dienone moiety and leads to a decrease of the HOMO level of the keto tautomer. The pump-probe experiments show that in the nitro substituted HBQs 2 and 3 ESIPT occurs with a time constant of 0.89 ps and 0.68 ps, respectively. In both cases a mixture of the enol and proton transfer forms is optically excited. The enol form exhibits then the ESIPT and subsequently both fractions take the same relaxation path. We propose that in 2 and 3 the ESIPT path exhibits a potential energy barrier resulting in an incoherent rate governed process while in HBQ the ESIPT proceeds as a ballistic wavepacket motion along a path without significant barriers. The theoretical calculations (M06-2X/TZVP) confirm the existence of a barrier in the ground and excited states as result of the substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Marciniak
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 23-24, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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23
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Pijeau S, Foster D, Hohenstein EG. Excited-State Dynamics of a Benzotriazole Photostabilizer: 2-(2′-Hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl)benzotriazole. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:6377-6387. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b04504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiela Pijeau
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Donneille Foster
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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24
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Ehrmaier J, Karsili TNV, Sobolewski AL, Domcke W. Mechanism of Photocatalytic Water Splitting with Graphitic Carbon Nitride: Photochemistry of the Heptazine-Water Complex. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:4754-4764. [PMID: 28592110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b04594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Impressive progress has recently been achieved in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution with polymeric carbon nitride materials consisting of heptazine building blocks. However, the fundamental mechanistic principles of the catalytic cycle are as yet poorly understood. Here, we provide first-principles computational evidence that water splitting with heptazine-based materials can be understood as a molecular excited-state reaction taking place in hydrogen-bonded heptazine-water complexes. The oxidation of water occurs homolytically via an electron/proton transfer from water to heptazine, resulting in ground-state heptazinyl and OH radicals. It is shown that the excess hydrogen atom of the heptazinyl radical can be photodetached by a second photon, which regenerates the heptazine molecule. Alternatively to the photodetachment reaction, two heptazinyl radicals can recombine in a dark reaction to form H2, thereby regenerating two heptazine molecules. The proposed molecular photochemical reaction scheme within hydrogen-bonded chromophore-water complexes is complementary to the traditional paradigm of photocatalytic water splitting, which assumes the separation of electrons and holes over substantial time scales and distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Ehrmaier
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich , Garching, Germany
| | - Tolga N V Karsili
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich , Garching, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | | | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich , Garching, Germany
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25
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Pijeau S, Foster D, Hohenstein EG. Excited-State Dynamics of 2-(2′-Hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole: Ultrafast Proton Transfer and Internal Conversion. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:4595-4605. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiela Pijeau
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Donneille Foster
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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26
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Pijeau S, Hohenstein EG. Improved Complete Active Space Configuration Interaction Energies with a Simple Correction from Density Functional Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:1130-1146. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiela Pijeau
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, The City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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27
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Heo W, Uddin N, Park JW, Rhee YM, Choi CH, Joo T. Coherent intermolecular proton transfer in the acid–base reaction of excited state pyranine. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:18243-18251. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01944k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The acidic proton in pyranine is transferred coherently to acetate through the stretching motion of the whole molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wooseok Heo
- Department of Chemistry
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang 37673
- South Korea
| | - Nizam Uddin
- Department of Chemistry
- Kyunpook National University
- Daegu 41566
- South Korea
| | - Jae Woo Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang 37673
- South Korea
| | - Young Min Rhee
- Department of Chemistry
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang 37673
- South Korea
| | - Cheol Ho Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- Kyunpook National University
- Daegu 41566
- South Korea
| | - Taiha Joo
- Department of Chemistry
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang 37673
- South Korea
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28
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Kumpulainen T, Lang B, Rosspeintner A, Vauthey E. Ultrafast Elementary Photochemical Processes of Organic Molecules in Liquid Solution. Chem Rev 2016; 117:10826-10939. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatu Kumpulainen
- Department of Physical Chemistry,
Sciences II, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Lang
- Department of Physical Chemistry,
Sciences II, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Arnulf Rosspeintner
- Department of Physical Chemistry,
Sciences II, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Eric Vauthey
- Department of Physical Chemistry,
Sciences II, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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29
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Du L, Lan Z. An On-the-Fly Surface-Hopping Program JADE for Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics of Polyatomic Systems: Implementation and Applications. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 11:1360-74. [PMID: 26574348 DOI: 10.1021/ct501106d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nonadiabatic dynamics simulations have rapidly become an indispensable tool for understanding ultrafast photochemical processes in complex systems. Here, we present our recently developed on-the-fly nonadiabatic dynamics package, JADE, which allows researchers to perform nonadiabatic excited-state dynamics simulations of polyatomic systems at an all-atomic level. The nonadiabatic dynamics is based on Tully's surface-hopping approach. Currently, several electronic structure methods (CIS, TDHF, TDDFT(RPA/TDA), and ADC(2)) are supported, especially TDDFT, aiming at performing nonadiabatic dynamics on medium- to large-sized molecules. The JADE package has been interfaced with several quantum chemistry codes, including Turbomole, Gaussian, and Gamess (US). To consider environmental effects, the Langevin dynamics was introduced as an easy-to-use scheme into the standard surface-hopping dynamics. The JADE package is mainly written in Fortran for greater numerical performance and Python for flexible interface construction, with the intent of providing open-source, easy-to-use, well-modularized, and intuitive software in the field of simulations of photochemical and photophysical processes. To illustrate the possible applications of the JADE package, we present a few applications of excited-state dynamics for various polyatomic systems, such as the methaniminium cation, fullerene (C20), p-dimethylaminobenzonitrile (DMABN) and its primary amino derivative aminobenzonitrile (ABN), and 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline (10-HBQ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Likai Du
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao, 266101 Shandong, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.,The Qingdao Key Lab of Solar Energy Utilization and Energy Storage Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao, 266101 Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenggang Lan
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao, 266101 Shandong, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.,The Qingdao Key Lab of Solar Energy Utilization and Energy Storage Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao, 266101 Shandong, People's Republic of China
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30
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Green O, Simkovitch R, Pinto da Silva L, Esteves da Silva JCG, Shabat D, Huppert D. Excited-State Proton Transfer and Formation of the Excited Tautomer of 3-Hydroxypyridine-Dipicolinium Cyanine Dye. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:6184-99. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b04666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ori Green
- Raymond
and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ron Simkovitch
- Raymond
and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | | | | | - Doron Shabat
- Raymond
and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Dan Huppert
- Raymond
and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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31
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Dormant acceptor activation of 10-hydroxybenzoquinline derivatives by excited-state intramolecular proton transfer. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Sulaiman SAJ, Al-Rasbi GS, Abou-Zied OK. Photophysical properties of hydroxyphenyl benzazoles and their applications as fluorescent probes to study local environment in DNA, protein and lipid. LUMINESCENCE 2016; 31:614-25. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghalia S. Al-Rasbi
- Department of Chemistry; Sultan Qaboos University; Muscat Sultanate of Oman
| | - Osama K. Abou-Zied
- Department of Chemistry; Sultan Qaboos University; Muscat Sultanate of Oman
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33
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Koch F, Steinbacher A, Consani C, Zitzler-Kunkel A, Stolte M, Würthner F, Brixner T. The role of the dipolar neighborhood on the relaxation dynamics of multichromophoric merocyanines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:19820-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02437h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The interactions of neighboring, highly dipolar merocyanine dyes lead to stabilization of the intramolecular charge-transfer state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Koch
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Andreas Steinbacher
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Cristina Consani
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)
| | | | - Matthias Stolte
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Institut für Organische Chemie
| | - Frank Würthner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Institut für Organische Chemie
| | - Tobias Brixner
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)
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34
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Sub-phonon-period compression of electron pulses for atomic diffraction. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8723. [PMID: 26502750 PMCID: PMC4640064 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Visualizing the rearrangement of atoms in a wide range of molecular and condensed-matter systems requires resolving picometre displacements on a 10-fs timescale, which is achievable using pump–probe diffraction, given short enough pulses. Here we demonstrate the compression of single-electron pulses with a de Broglie wavelength of 0.08 ångström to a full-width at half-maximum duration of 28 fs or equivalently 12-fs root-mean square, substantially shorter than most phonon periods and molecular normal modes. Atomic resolution diffraction from a complex organic molecule is obtained with good signal-to-noise ratio within a data acquisition period of minutes. The electron-laser timing is found to be stable within 5 fs (s.d.) over several hours, allowing pump–probe diffraction at repetitive excitation. These measurements show the feasibility of laser-pump/electron-probe scans that can resolve the fastest atomic motions relevant in reversible condensed-matter transformations and organic chemistry. High spatial and temporal resolutions are required in order to follow chemical and condensed matter transformations in real time. Here, the authors compress single-electron pulses in time, with low jitter and high repetition rates, and demonstrate atomic resolution via diffraction from organic molecules.
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35
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Sun SM, Zhang S, Liu K, Wang YP, Zhou MM, Zhang B. Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer of 1-Hydroxyanthraquinone. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/28/cjcp1504078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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36
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Ernst HA, Wolf TJA, Schalk O, González-García N, Boguslavskiy AE, Stolow A, Olzmann M, Unterreiner AN. Ultrafast Dynamics of o-Nitrophenol: An Experimental and Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:9225-35. [PMID: 26266823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b04900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The photolysis of o-nitrophenol (o-NP), a typical push-pull molecule, is of current interest in atmospheric chemistry as a possible source of nitrous acid (HONO). To characterize the largely unknown photolysis mechanism, the dynamics of the lowest lying excited singlet state (S1) of o-NP was investigated by means of femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy in solution, time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (TRPES) in the gas phase and quantum chemical calculations. Evidence of the unstable aci-nitro isomer is provided both in the liquid and in the gas phase. Our results indicate that the S1 state displays strong charge transfer character, which triggers excited state proton transfer from the OH to the NO2 group as evidenced by a temporal shift of 20 fs of the onset of the photoelectron spectrum. The proton transfer itself is found to be coupled to an out-of-plane rotation of the newly formed HONO group, finally leading to a conical intersection between S1 and the ground state S0. In solution, return to S0 within 0.2-0.3 ps was monitored by stimulated emission. As a competitive relaxation channel, ultrafast intersystem crossing to the upper triplet manifold on a subpicosecond time scale occurs both in solution and in the gas phase. Due to the ultrafast singlet dynamics, we conclude that the much discussed HONO split-off is likely to take place in the triplet manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna A Ernst
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) , Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thomas J A Wolf
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) , Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.,Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Oliver Schalk
- AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm University , Roslagstullsbacken 21, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.,National Research Council of Canada , 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Núria González-García
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) , Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andrey E Boguslavskiy
- National Research Council of Canada , 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Albert Stolow
- National Research Council of Canada , 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.,Departments of Chemistry & Physics, University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Matthias Olzmann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) , Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andreas-Neil Unterreiner
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) , Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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37
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Simkovitch R, Huppert D. Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer of the Natural Product Quercetin. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:10244-51. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b04867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ron Simkovitch
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler
Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Dan Huppert
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler
Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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38
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Jankowska J, Sadlej J, Sobolewski AL. Electric field control of proton-transfer molecular switching: molecular dynamics study on salicylidene aniline. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:14484-8. [PMID: 25986469 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00686d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this letter, we propose a novel, ultrafast, efficient molecular switch whose switching mechanism involves the electric field-driven intramolecular proton transfer. By means of ab initio quantum chemical calculations and on-the-fly dynamics simulations, we examine the switching performance of an isolated salicylidene aniline molecule and analyze the perspectives of its possible use as an electric field-controlled molecular electronics unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Jankowska
- College of Interfaculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw, 93 Zwirki i Wigury St., 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
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Driscoll E, Sorenson S, Dawlaty JM. Ultrafast Intramolecular Electron and Proton Transfer in Bis(imino)isoindole Derivatives. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:5618-25. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b02889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Driscoll
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1062, United States
| | - Shayne Sorenson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1062, United States
| | - Jahan M. Dawlaty
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1062, United States
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40
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Tomin VI, Demchenko AP, Chou PT. Thermodynamic vs. kinetic control of excited-state proton transfer reactions. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Chipem FAS, Malakar A, Krishnamoorthy G. Intramolecular Proton Transfer in 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine: Evidence for Tautomer in the Ground State. Photochem Photobiol 2015; 91:298-305. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francis A. S. Chipem
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati India
| | - Ashim Malakar
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati India
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42
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Roohi H, Mohtamedifar N, Hejazi F. Intramolecular photoinduced proton transfer in 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzazole family: A TD-DFT quantum chemical study. Chem Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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43
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Corani A, Huijser A, Gustavsson T, Markovitsi D, Malmqvist PÅ, Pezzella A, d’Ischia M, Sundström V. Superior Photoprotective Motifs and Mechanisms in Eumelanins Uncovered. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:11626-35. [DOI: 10.1021/ja501499q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Corani
- Department
of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Annemarie Huijser
- Department
of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Gustavsson
- CNRS, IRAMIS,
LIDYL, Laboratoire Francis Perrin, URA 2453, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Dimitra Markovitsi
- CNRS, IRAMIS,
LIDYL, Laboratoire Francis Perrin, URA 2453, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Per-Åke Malmqvist
- Division
of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Department
of Chemistry Sciences, University of Naples Federico II Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco d’Ischia
- Department
of Chemistry Sciences, University of Naples Federico II Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Villy Sundström
- Department
of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
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44
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Chen JS, Zhou PW, Zhao L, Chu TS. A DFT/TDDFT study of the excited state intramolecular proton transfer based sensing mechanism for the aqueous fluoride chemosensor BTTPB. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44900a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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45
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Chevalier K, Grün A, Stamm A, Schmitt Y, Gerhards M, Diller R. ESIPT and Photodissociation of 3-Hydroxychromone in Solution: Photoinduced Processes Studied by Static and Time-Resolved UV/Vis, Fluorescence, and IR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:11233-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jp407252y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Chevalier
- Department of Physics and ‡Department of
Chemistry and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Anneken Grün
- Department of Physics and ‡Department of
Chemistry and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Anke Stamm
- Department of Physics and ‡Department of
Chemistry and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Yvonne Schmitt
- Department of Physics and ‡Department of
Chemistry and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Markus Gerhards
- Department of Physics and ‡Department of
Chemistry and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Rolf Diller
- Department of Physics and ‡Department of
Chemistry and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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46
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Ryu J, Kim HW, Kim MS, Joo T. Ultrafast Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Dynamics of 1-Hydroxyanthraquinone in Solution. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2013.34.2.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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47
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Lee J, Kim CH, Joo T. Active Role of Proton in Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Reaction. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:1400-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jp311884b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junghwa Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH),
Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Chul Hoon Kim
- Max Planck Center for Attosecond Science (MPC-AS), POSTECH, Pohang, 790-784,
South Korea
| | - Taiha Joo
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH),
Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
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48
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Kochman MA, Morrison CA. Hybrid QM/QM Simulations of Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer in the Molecular Crystal 7-(2-Pyridyl)-indole. J Chem Theory Comput 2013; 9:1182-92. [DOI: 10.1021/ct3008149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal̷ A. Kochman
- School of Chemistry and
EaSTCHEM Research School, The
University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road,
Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Carole A. Morrison
- School of Chemistry and
EaSTCHEM Research School, The
University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road,
Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Ultrafast photochemical processes can occur in parallel with the relaxation of the optically populated excited state toward equilibrium. The latter involves both intra- and intermolecular modes, namely vibrational and solvent coordinates, and takes place on timescales ranging from a few tens of femtoseconds to up to hundreds of picoseconds, depending on the system. As a consequence, the reaction dynamics can substantially differ from those usually measured with slower photoinduced processes occurring from equilibrated excited states. For example, the decay of the excited-state population may become strongly nonexponential and depend on the excitation wavelength, contrary to the Kasha and Vavilov rules. In this article, we first give a brief account of our current understanding of vibrational and solvent relaxation processes. We then present an overview of important classes of ultrafast photochemical reactions, namely electron and proton transfer as well as isomerization, and illustrate with several examples how nonequilibrium effects can affect their dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnulf Rosspeintner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneve 8, Switzerland
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50
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Kochman MA, Bil A, Morrison CA. Hybrid QM/QM simulations of photochemical reactions in the molecular crystal N-salicylidene-2-chloroaniline. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:10803-16. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51263k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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