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Schalk O, Boguslavskiy AE. Anisotropy in Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy in the Gas Phase. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:9612-9618. [PMID: 29190096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Transient absorption anisotropy is a well-established technique in time-resolved liquid phase spectroscopy. Here, we show how the technique is applied in the gas phase for time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and what type of additional information can be obtained as compared to other techniques. We exemplify its use by presenting results on rotational revivals in pyrazine after excitation at 324 nm and provide new insights into two recent experiments: (i) the difference between Rydberg and valence state excitation after one- and two-photon absorption in butadiene and (ii) excitation to the two lowest lying vibronic modes of the degenerate π3p Rydberg state in 1-azabicyclo[2.2.0]octane. Going forward, we expect the technique to be used on a regular basis, especially with the advent of high harmonic probe sources and liquid beam setups where other techniques to extract polarization-dependent information such as velocity map imaging cannot easily be applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Schalk
- National Research Council Canada , 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.,Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm University , Roslagstullsbacken 21, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrey E Boguslavskiy
- National Research Council Canada , 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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Svoboda V, Ram NB, Rajeev R, Wörner HJ. Time-resolved photoelectron imaging with a femtosecond vacuum-ultraviolet light source: Dynamics in the A∼/B∼- and F∼-bands of SO 2. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:084301. [PMID: 28249458 DOI: 10.1063/1.4976552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-resolved photoelectron imaging is demonstrated using the third harmonic of a 400-nm femtosecond laser pulse as the ionization source. The resulting 133-nm pulses are combined with 266-nm pulses to study the excited-state dynamics in the A∼/B∼- and F∼-band regions of SO2. The photoelectron signal from the molecules excited to the A∼/B∼-band does not decay for at least several picoseconds, reflecting the population of bound states. The temporal variation of the photoelectron angular distribution (PAD) reflects the creation of a rotational wave packet in the excited state. In contrast, the photoelectron signal from molecules excited to the F∼-band decays with a time constant of 80 fs. This time constant is attributed to the motion of the excited-state wave packet out of the ionization window. The observed time-dependent PADs are consistent with the F∼ band corresponding to a Rydberg state of dominant s character. These results establish low-order harmonic generation as a promising tool for time-resolved photoelectron imaging of the excited-state dynamics of molecules, simultaneously giving access to low-lying electronic states, as well as Rydberg states, and avoiding the ionization of unexcited molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vít Svoboda
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niraghatam Bhargava Ram
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rajendran Rajeev
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Horke DA, Chatterley AS, Bull JN, Verlet JRR. Time-Resolved Photodetachment Anisotropy: Gas-Phase Rotational and Vibrational Dynamics of the Fluorescein Anion. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:189-94. [PMID: 26263111 DOI: 10.1021/jz5022526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The photoelectron signal of the singly deprotonated fluorescein anion is found to be highly dependent on the relative polarization between pump and probe pulses, and time-resolved photodetachment anisotropy (TR-PA) is developed as a probe of the rotational dynamics of the chromophore. The total photoelectron signal shows both rotational and vibrational wavepacket dynamics, and we demonstrate how TR-PA can readily disentangle these dynamical processes. TR-PA in fluorescein presents specific opportunities for its development as a probe for rotational dynamics in large biomolecules as fluorescein derivatives are commonly incorporated in complex biomolecules and have been used extensively in time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy measurements, to which TR-PA is a gas-phase analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Horke
- †Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Adam S Chatterley
- ‡Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - James N Bull
- §Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Jan R R Verlet
- §Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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Kitney-Hayes KA, Ferro AA, Tiwari V, Jonas DM. Two-dimensional Fourier transform electronic spectroscopy at a conical intersection. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:124312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4867996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Schalk O, Boguslavskiy AE, Schuurman MS, Brogaard RY, Unterreiner AN, Wrona-Piotrowicz A, Werstiuk NH, Stolow A. Substituent Effects on Dynamics at Conical Intersections: Cycloheptatrienes. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:10239-47. [DOI: 10.1021/jp309875m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Schalk
- AlbaNova
University Centre, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- National Research
Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
- Institut
für BioMolekulare Optik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Oettingen Str. 67, 80538 München, Germany
| | | | - Michael S. Schuurman
- National Research
Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Rasmus Y. Brogaard
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København, Denmark
| | - Andreas N. Unterreiner
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Anna Wrona-Piotrowicz
- Department
of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Nick H. Werstiuk
- Department
of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Albert Stolow
- National Research
Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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