1
|
Shetti VS. Conformationally rigid, π-extended annulated porphyrinoids derived from the naphthobipyrrole motif. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4452-4470. [PMID: 35579080 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00566b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
π-Extension in porphyrinoids can be achieved by fusing additional aromatic rings onto the macrocycle's periphery and such porphyrinoids are referred to as annulated porphyrinoids. Annulated porphyrinoids display contrasting properties in comparison with their non-annulated congeners. While an annulation strategy can create π-extended systems, the simultaneous incorporation of conformational rigidity in such porphyrinoids can ensure that they adopt a planar structure, and the advantages associated with the extended π-network can be leveraged. Hence, while synthesizing such porphyrinoids, judicial selection of the precursor becomes important. The ease of synthesis and the presence of a β-β'-linked o-phenylene bridge qualify 3,8-1,10-dihydrobenzo[e]pyrrolo[3,2-g]indole, commonly known as naphthobipyrrole, to be one such precursor suitable for the synthesis of conformationally rigid annulated porphyrinoids. This field of study has started to bloom only in the last decade and the examples reported so far are confined to the naphtho-versions of porphycenes (isomeric porphyrin), a few members of the aromatic/antiaromatic expanded porphyrinoids, and calix[n]bipyrroles. In view of this, the current review article aims to summarize the up-to-date developments in this area and discusses the synthesis, structure, and properties of the reported naphthobipyrrole-derived annulated porphyrinoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijayendra S Shetti
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal 575025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Affiliation(s)
- Tridib Sarma
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Krishna NV, Anusha PT, Rao SV, Giribabu L. Optical, electrochemical and third-order nonlinear optical studies of triphenylamine substituted zinc phthalocyanine. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424616500838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc phthalocyanine possessing triphenylamine at its peripheral position has been synthesized and its optical, emission, electrochemical and third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were investigated. Soret band was broadened due to the presence of triphenylamine moiety. Electrochemical properties indicated that both oxidation and reduction processes were ring centered. Emission spectra were recorded in different solvents and the fluorescence yields obtained were in the range of 0.02–0.17 while the time-resolved fluorescence data revealed radiative lifetimes of typically few ns. Third-order NLO properties of this molecule have been examined using the Z-scan technique with picosecond (ps) and femtoseocnd (fs) pulses. Closed and open aperture Z-scan data were recorded with 2 ps/1 50 fs laser pulses at a wavelength of 800 nm and NLO coefficients were extracted from both the data. Our data clearly suggests the potential of this molecule for photonics applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narra Vamsi Krishna
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, India
| | - Puliparambil Thilakan Anusha
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - S. Venugopal Rao
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - L. Giribabu
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tanaka T, Osuka A. Chemistry of meso-Aryl-Substituted Expanded Porphyrins: Aromaticity and Molecular Twist. Chem Rev 2016; 117:2584-2640. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stępień M, Gońka E, Żyła M, Sprutta N. Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds: Synthetic Routes, Properties, and Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 117:3479-3716. [PMID: 27258218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 868] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensionally extended, polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules (heterocyclic nanographenes) are a highly versatile class of organic materials, applicable as functional chromophores and organic semiconductors. In this Review, we discuss the rich chemistry of large heteroaromatics, focusing on their synthesis, electronic properties, and applications in materials science. This Review summarizes the historical development and current state of the art in this rapidly expanding field of research, which has become one of the key exploration areas of modern heterocyclic chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Gońka
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marika Żyła
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Natasza Sprutta
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kumar KVA, Venugopal Rao S, Hamad S, Dharmaprakash SM. Wavelength dependent nonlinear optical switching in electron beam irradiated CuTTBPc thin film. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02790c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The main aim of the present work is to investigate the role of 8 MeV electron beam interaction in modifying the linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of thermally evaporated copper tetra tert-butyl phthalocyanine (CuTTBPc) thin films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Venugopal Rao
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM)
- University of Hyderabad
- India
| | - S. Hamad
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM)
- University of Hyderabad
- India
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Krishna NV, Singh VK, Swain D, Rao SV, Giribabu L. Optical, electrochemical, third order nonlinear optical, and excited state dynamics studies of bis(3,5-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-zinc phthalocyanine. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14390f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis and characterisation of a Zn phthalocyanine substituted with bis(3,5-trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups at peripheral positions by absorption, fluorescence and electrochemical techniques. Excited state dynamics were investigated by fs degenerate pump–probe spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narra Vamsi Krishna
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Varun Kumar Singh
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Debasis Swain
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM)
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| | - Soma Venugopal Rao
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM)
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sarma T, Anusha PT, Pabbathi A, Venugopal Rao S, Panda PK. Naphthobipyrrole-Derived Sapphyrins: Rational Synthesis, Characterization, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Excited-State Dynamics. Chemistry 2014; 20:15561-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
9
|
Strong two-photon absorption properties and ultrafast pump-probe studies of novel porphyrin derivatives. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
10
|
Swain D, Singh VK, Krishna NV, Giribabu L, Rao SV. Optical, electrochemical, third-order nonlinear optical, and excited state dynamics studies of thio-zinc phthalocyanine. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424614500035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc phthalocyanine with S-aryl groups at α-positions have been synthesized and its optical, emission, electrochemical and third-order nonlinear optical properties were investigated. Both the Soret and Q-bands were red-shifted and obeyed Beer–Lambert's law. Electrochemical properties indicated that both oxidation and reduction processes were ring centered. Emission spectra were recorded in different solvents and the fluorescence yields obtained were in the range of 0.02 while time-resolved fluorescence data revealed lifetimes of typically few ns. Excited state dynamics in this novel thio-zinc phthalocyanine molecule has been investigated using femtosecond (fs) degenerate pump-probe spectroscopy. Nonlinear optical properties of this molecule have been examined using the Z-scan technique with picosecond (ps) and fs pulses. Both open and closed aperture Z-scan curves were recorded with ~2 ps/~150 fs laser pulses at a wavelength of 800 nm and nonlinear optical coefficients were extracted from both the studies. Degenerate pump-probe data performed at 600 nm suggested a single long lifetime of ~300 ps, possibly originating from the non-radiative decay of S1 state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debasis Swain
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Varun K. Singh
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Narra V. Krishna
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - L. Giribabu
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - S. Venugopal Rao
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kowalska P, Gawinkowski S, Sarma T, Panda PK, Waluk J. Structure, Electronic States, and Anion-Binding Properties of Cyclo[4]naphthobipyrroles. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:1038-46. [DOI: 10.1021/jp412139r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kowalska
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | | | - Tridib Sarma
- School
of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | | | - Jacek Waluk
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| |
Collapse
|