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Beltukova DM, Danilova MK, Gradusov IA, Belik VP, Semenova IV, Vasyutinskii OS. Polarised fluorescence in FAD excited at 355 and 450 nm in water–propylene glycol solutions. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2118186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - I. A. Gradusov
- Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Arib C, Bouchemal N, Barile M, Paleni D, Djaker N, Dupont N, Spadavecchia J. Flavin-adenine-dinucleotide gold complex nanoparticles: chemical modeling design, physico-chemical assessment and perspectives in nanomedicine. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:6144-6156. [PMID: 36133939 PMCID: PMC9418941 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00444a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Flavoproteins play an important role in the regulatory process of cell life, and they are involved in several redox reactions that regulate the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids. The development of effective drug delivery systems is one of the major challenges in the fight against cancer. This study involves a nanomedicine pathway to encapsulate the cofactor flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) using polymeric gold nanoparticles (PEG-AuNPs) through two chemical methods of functionalization (chelation (IN); carbodiimide chemistry (ON)). These hybrid gold nanoparticles and their precursors were characterized by analytical techniques (Raman, UV-Vis, and H1-NMR spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)) which confirmed the grafting of the cofactor agent. The results of the computational studies (Density Functional Theory (DFT)) were in agreement with the experimental observations. We also monitored the interaction of our hybrid nanoparticle systems with small aptamers (APT) in order to validate the hypotheses on the biomolecular mechanisms and also investigate their biological efficiency on pancreatic cancer cells (MIAPaCa-2 cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Arib
- CNRS, UMR 7244, CSPBAT, Laboratoire de Chimie, Structures et Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Nord, 1 Rue Chablis 93000 Bobigny France
| | - Nadia Bouchemal
- CNRS, UMR 7244, CSPBAT, Laboratoire de Chimie, Structures et Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Nord, 1 Rue Chablis 93000 Bobigny France
| | - Maria Barile
- Dept. of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Via Orabona 470126 Bari Italy
| | | | - Nadia Djaker
- CNRS, UMR 7244, CSPBAT, Laboratoire de Chimie, Structures et Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Nord, 1 Rue Chablis 93000 Bobigny France
| | - Nathalie Dupont
- CNRS, UMR 7244, CSPBAT, Laboratoire de Chimie, Structures et Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Nord, 1 Rue Chablis 93000 Bobigny France
| | - Jolanda Spadavecchia
- CNRS, UMR 7244, CSPBAT, Laboratoire de Chimie, Structures et Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Nord, 1 Rue Chablis 93000 Bobigny France
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Kuppuraj G, Kruise D, Yura K. Conformational behavior of flavin adenine dinucleotide: conserved stereochemistry in bound and free states. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:13486-97. [PMID: 25389798 DOI: 10.1021/jp507629n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic enzymes utilize the cofactor flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to catalyze essential biochemical reactions. Because these enzymes have been implicated in disease pathways, it will be necessary to target them via FAD-based structural analogues that can either activate/inhibit the enzymatic activity. To achieve this, it is important to explore the conformational space of FAD in the enzyme-bound and free states. Herein, we analyze X-ray crystallographic data of the enzyme-bound FAD conformations and sample conformations of the molecule in explicit water by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Enzyme-bound FAD conformations segregate into five distinct groups based on dihedral angle principal component analysis (PCA). A notable feature in the bound FADs is that the adenine base and isoalloxazine ring are oppositely oriented relative to the pyrophosphate axis characterized by near trans hypothetical dihedral angle "δV" values. Not surprisingly, MD simulations in water show final compact but not perfectly stacked ring structures in FAD. Simulation data did not reveal noticeable changes in overall conformational dynamics of the dinucleotide in reduced and oxidized forms and in the presence and/or absence of ions. During unfolding-folding dynamics, the riboflavin moiety is more flexible than the adenosine monophosphate group in the molecule. Conversely, the isoalloxazine ring is more stable than the variable adenine base. The pyrophosphate group depicts an unusually highly organized fluctuation illustrated by its dihedral angle distribution. Conformations sampled from enzymes and MD are quantified. The extent to which the protein shifts the distribution from the unbound state is discussed in terms of prevalent FAD shapes and dihedral angle population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopi Kuppuraj
- Center for Informational Biology, Ochanomizu University , 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
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Sengupta A, Singh RK, Gavvala K, Koninti RK, Mukherjee A, Hazra P. Urea induced unfolding dynamics of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD): spectroscopic and molecular dynamics simulation studies from femto-second to nanosecond regime. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:1881-90. [PMID: 24456234 DOI: 10.1021/jp412339a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Here, we investigate the effect of urea in the unfolding dynamics of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), an important enzymatic cofactor, through steady state, time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopic and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies. Steady state results indicate the possibility of urea induced unfolding of FAD, inferred from increasing emission intensity of FAD with urea. The TCSPC and up-conversion results suggest that the stack-unstack dynamics of FAD severely gets affected in the presence of urea and leads to an increase in the unstack conformation population from 15% in pure water to 40% in 12 M urea. Molecular dynamics simulation was employed to understand the nature of the interaction between FAD and urea at the molecular level. Results depict that urea molecules replace many of the water molecules around adenine and isoalloxazine rings of FAD. However, the major driving force for the stability of this unstack conformations arises from the favorable stacking interaction of a significant fraction of the urea molecules with adenine and isoalloxazine rings of FAD, which overcomes the intramolecular stacking interaction between themselves observed in pure water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhigyan Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune , Pune (411008), Maharashtra, India
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