A highly stable electrochemiluminescence sensing system of cadmium sulfide nanowires/graphene hybrid for supersensitive detection of pentachlorophenol

Electrochemical and Optical Sensors for the Detection of Chemical Carcinogens Causing Leukemia

The incidence and mortality due to neoplastic diseases have shown an increasing tendency over the years. Based on GLOBOCAN 2020 published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), leukemias are the thirteenth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, with 78.6% of leukemia cases diagnosed in countries with a very high or high Human Development Index (HDI). Carcinogenesis is a complex process initiated by a mutation in DNA that may be caused by chemical carcinogens present in polluted environments and human diet. The IARC has identified 122 human carcinogens, e.g., benzene, formaldehyde, pentachlorophenol, and 93 probable human carcinogens, e.g., styrene, diazinone. The aim of the following review is to present the chemical carcinogens involved or likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of leukemia and to summarize the latest reports on the possibility of detecting these compounds in the environment or food with the use of electrochemical sensors.

Stable copernicium hexafluoride (CnF6) with an oxidation state of VI

As the heaviest group 12 element known currently, copernicium (Cn) often presents the oxidation states of I+, II+, and rarely IV+ as in its homologue mercury. In this work we systematically studied the stability of some oxides, fluorides, and oxyfluorides of Cn by two-component relativistic calculations and found that the CnF₆ molecule with an oxidation state of VI+ has an extraordinary stability. CnF₆ may decompose into CnF₄ by conquering an energy barrier of about 34 kcal mol^-1 without markedly releasing heat. Our results indicate that CnF₆ may exist under some special conditions.

Sensing Methods for Hazardous Phenolic Compounds Based on Graphene and Conducting Polymers-Based Materials

It has been known for years that the phenolic compounds are able to exert harmful effects toward living organisms including humans due to their high toxicity. Living organisms were exposed to these phenolic compounds as they were released into the environment as waste products from several fast-growing industries. In this regard, tremendous efforts have been made by researchers to develop sensing methods for the detection of these phenolic compounds. Graphene and conducting polymers-based materials have arisen as a high potential sensing layer to improve the performance of the developed sensors. Henceforth, this paper reviews the existing investigations on graphene and conducting polymer-based materials incorporated with various sensors that aimed to detect hazardous phenolic compounds, i.e., phenol, 2-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, 2-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and 2,4-dimethylphenol. The whole picture and up-to-date information on the graphene and conducting polymers-based sensors are arranged in systematic chronological order to provide a clearer insight in this research area. The future perspectives of this study are also included, and the development of sensing methods for hazardous phenolic compounds using graphene and conducting polymers-based materials is expected to grow more in the future.

Porphyrin functionalized Co(OH)2/GO nanocomposites as an excellent peroxidase mimic for colorimetric biosensing

A colorimetric sensor based on the enhanced peroxidase-like activity of Por/Co(OH)₂/GO for the sensitive detection of H₂O₂ and GSH.

The enhanced photo-thermal therapy of Surface improved photoactive cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum dots entrenched graphene oxide nanoflakes in tumor treatment

Cancer is one of the death causing disease is always being a public health concern due to its rapid increase in the world population. Hyperthermal therapy is an anticancer treatment mutually given with chemotherapy. In the present study, CdS/rGO nanocomposites were synthesized using simple and scalable solvothermal method and applied as an efficient material in anticancer treatment. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized from physicochemical characterization techniques. The surface morphology and the crystallographic details were obtained from TEM and XRD analyses respectively. The elemental composition was confirmed from XPS spectra. The phase purity and the functional group analysis were done using Raman and FTIR spectroscopies respectively. The morphological analysis has been displayed the spherical shaped CdS nanoparticles that are firmly attached on the rGO thin sheet matrix further confirmed the formation of CdS/rGO nanoflakes. The live-dead assay method (cancerous and normal cell lines) cytocompatibility study displayed the cell survival of the CdS/rGO nanomaterials exhibited that above 95%, which means materials highly appropriate for the cancer therapy. The temperature profile of the CdS/rGO nanoflakes has enhanced effectively under the NIR absorption property of CdS coated rGO nanoflakes, which influenced to the cancer cell death. The results shown the anticancer activity of the proposed nanocomposites could open a new avenue in biomedicine research and utilized as an efficient materials for practical applications.