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Kasamatsu Y, Nagase M, Ninomiya H, Watanabe E, Shigekawa Y, Kondo N, Takamiya K, Ohtsuki T, Shiohara N, Shinohara A. Coprecipitation with samarium hydroxide using multitracer produced through neutron-induced fission of 235U toward chemical study of heavy elements. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 179:110006. [PMID: 34768147 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.110006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
For new chemical studies on heavy elements, we previously investigated the coprecipitation behaviors with samarium hydroxide for various elements. Herein, we report the coprecipitation experiment using multitracer produced by neutron-induced fission of 235U. The coprecipitation behaviors of 10 elements were investigated: new data were obtained for Sr, Ru, I, Pm, and Np. The present results support the previously obtained conclusion that the hydroxide precipitation properties of various elements can be qualitatively investigated through their coprecipitation behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Kasamatsu
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Nagase
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Hidemi Ninomiya
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Eisuke Watanabe
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yudai Shigekawa
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Narumi Kondo
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Koichi Takamiya
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka, 590-0494, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ohtsuki
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka, 590-0494, Japan
| | - Naoya Shiohara
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shinohara
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
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Maksimović JP, Tošović J, Pagnacco MC. Insight into the Origin of Pyrocatechol Inhibition on Oscillating Bray-Liebhafsky Reaction: Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena P. Maksimović
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Tošović
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Maja C. Pagnacco
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Center of Catalysis and Chemical Engineering, Njegoseva 12, Belgrade, Serbia
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Abstract
Oceanic emissions of iodine destroy ozone, modify oxidative capacity, and can form new particles in the troposphere. However, the impact of iodine in the stratosphere is highly uncertain due to the lack of previous quantitative measurements. Here, we report quantitative measurements of iodine monoxide radicals and particulate iodine (Iy,part) from aircraft in the stratosphere. These measurements support that 0.77 ± 0.10 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) total inorganic iodine (Iy) is injected to the stratosphere. These high Iy amounts are indicative of active iodine recycling on ice in the upper troposphere (UT), support the upper end of recent Iy estimates (0 to 0.8 pptv) by the World Meteorological Organization, and are incompatible with zero stratospheric iodine injection. Gas-phase iodine (Iy,gas) in the UT (0.67 ± 0.09 pptv) converts to Iy,part sharply near the tropopause. In the stratosphere, IO radicals remain detectable (0.06 ± 0.03 pptv), indicating persistent Iy,part recycling back to Iy,gas as a result of active multiphase chemistry. At the observed levels, iodine is responsible for 32% of the halogen-induced ozone loss (bromine 40%, chlorine 28%), due primarily to previously unconsidered heterogeneous chemistry. Anthropogenic (pollution) ozone has increased iodine emissions since preindustrial times (ca. factor of 3 since 1950) and could be partly responsible for the continued decrease of ozone in the lower stratosphere. Increasing iodine emissions have implications for ozone radiative forcing and possibly new particle formation near the tropopause.
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