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Wu H, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Cao F, Qiu Z, Zhang L, Asiri AM, Dyson PJ, Nazeeruddin MK, Ye J, Xiao C. Anomalous Electroluminescence Characteristics of Perovskite Modules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:41986-41995. [PMID: 39093718 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Spatially resolved photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) imaging technologies play a crucial role in evaluating the performance and stability of photovoltaic devices. However, their application in perovskite devices presents unique challenges. In this study, we report a discrepancy between the electrical performance of perovskite solar modules (PSMs) and the EL images. Following the application of a reverse bias voltage, we observed an increase in EL brightness associated with prolonged carrier lifetime and transport length. Furthermore, cross-sectional Kelvin probe force microscopy identified a significant potential increase primarily at the electron-transport layer (ETL) side after reverse bias, suggesting the presence of defective ETL/perovskite interfaces with filled hole traps. To address this EL mismatch, we proposed a mild reverse current recovery method aimed at aligning EL images with the cell performance without compromising device efficiency. This approach effectively mitigates discrepancies, ensuring alignment between the device performance and EL imaging. Our study underscores that caution is required when utilizing EL imaging to monitor spatial homogeneity in PSMs for future industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Wu
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315200, China
| | - Junchuan Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315200, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230041, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fangfang Cao
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315200, China
| | - Zhiheng Qiu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315200, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230041, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315200, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230041, China
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paul J Dyson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jichun Ye
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315200, China
| | - Chuanxiao Xiao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315200, China
- Ningbo New Materials Testing and Evaluation Center Co. Ltd., Ningbo 315201, China
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Zhang W, Yuan S, Zhang Y, Wang HY, Wang Y, Wang F, Zhang JP. Perovskite Solar Cell Performance Boosted by Regulating the Ion Migration and Charge Transport Dynamics via Dual-Interface Modification of Electron Transport Layer. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8620-8629. [PMID: 37728520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Engineering the buried interfaces of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is crucial for optimizing the device performance. We herein report a novel strategy by modifying the ETL-FTO interface with MgO, as well as the interface between the perovskite layer (PVKL) and the SnO2 electron transfer layer (ETL) with formamidine bromide (FABr). The dual-interface ETL engineering substantially improved the photoelectric conversion efficiency (19.62 → 22.04%) and suppressed the hysteresis index (14.98 → 1.09%). The structure-activity relationship was explored by using transient photoelectric and time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectroscopic analyses. It was found that the FABr treatment enhanced the PVKL crystallinity and the PVKL-ETL interaction and that the MgO modification dramatically retarded the ion migration, which together optimized the ETL function. The mechanism underlying the influence of ion distribution on the dynamics of ions and free carriers is discussed, which may be helpful for the rational design of high-performance PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Fuyi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
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Forozi Sowmeeh P, Zohorfazeli M, Yazdani E. Understanding the influence of cation and anion migration on perovskite light-emitting diodes via transient response. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15643. [PMID: 37731052 PMCID: PMC10511432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the rapid progress demonstrated in the efficiency of Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) in the past few years, ion migration has challenged the practical applications of these devices with undesirable hysteresis and degradation effect. Mobile ions in PeLEDs induced many unique and fast transient phenomena occurring on the time scale of microseconds to seconds and it is still far from clear how the underlying physical mechanism of ion motion-induced variation relates to the device performance. Therefore, in this work, we employ an ionic Drift-Diffusion Model (DDM) to evaluate measuring transient current response in a time scale of sub-seconds. The results show that spatial redistribution of ions within the perovskite results in dynamic electric field variation, which in turn, affects charge carrier injection and distribution. Moreover, the time delay between anion and cation migration leads to an unequal rate of charge carrier injection, hence the multi-stage behavior of the current-time response. It is also realized that the potential barrier of charge injection due to cation and anion accumulation at perovskite interfaces with electron and hole transporting layers reduces. Therefore, the facilitation of charge injection favors radiative recombination, and improved IQEs are expected at higher ion densities. It is found that the current-time response of the device gives beneficial information on cation and anion migration time scales. Choosing an appropriate scan rate in accordance with cation-related slow migration time is the first step to achieving reliable measurement procedures and hysteresis-free PeLED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paria Forozi Sowmeeh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zohorfazeli
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Yazdani
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran.
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Zaboli M, Shariatinia Z. Highly efficient hole transport derivatives based on fluoranthene core for application in perovskite solar cells. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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