Emerging role of transforming growth factor-β-regulated long non-coding RNAs in prostate cancer pathogenesis

EZH2-interacting lncRNAs contribute to gastric tumorigenesis; a review on the mechanisms of action

Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the deadliest malignancies worldwide, demanding new targets to improve its diagnosis and treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulated through gastric tumorigenesis and play a significant role in GC progression and development. Recent studies have revealed that lncRNAs can interact with histone-modifying polycomb protein, enhance Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), and mediate its site-specific functioning. EZH2, which functions as an oncogene in GC, is the catalytic subunit of the PRC2 complex that induces H3K27 trimethylation and epigenetically represses gene expression. EZH2-interacting lncRNAs can recruit EZH2 to the promoter regions of various tumor suppressor genes and cause their transcriptional deactivation via histone methylation. The interactions between EZH2 and this lncRNA modulate different processes, such as cell cycle, cell proliferation and growth, migration, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance, in vitro and in vivo GC models. Therefore, EZH2-interacting lncRNAs are exciting targets for developing novel targeted therapies for GC. Subsequently, this review aims to focus on the roles of these interactions in GC progression to understand the therapeutic value of EZH2-interacting lncRNAs further.

Role of Non-Coding RNAs in TGF-β Signalling in Glioma

Brain tumours and Gliomas, in particular, are among the primary causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Glioma diagnosis and therapy have not significantly improved despite decades of efforts. Autocrine TGF-β signalling promotes glioma proliferation, invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and drug resistance. Non-coding RNAs such as miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNAs have emerged as critical transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators of TGF-β pathway components in glioma. Here, we summarize the complex regulatory network among regulatory ncRNAs and TGF-β pathway during Glioma pathogenesis and discuss their role as potential therapeutic targets for Gliomas.