1
|
Pop R, Oren S, Negoescu A, Cătoi C, Tăbăran AF. Case report: The first description of a thyroglossal duct cyst in a hen ( Gallus gallus domesticus). Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1388152. [PMID: 38711537 PMCID: PMC11071344 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1388152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroglossal duct cyst represents a congenital anomaly of the cervical region, rarely documented in animals. Although previously reported in dogs, cats, horses, goats, pigs, and calves, never in birds. This report describes a rare case of thyroglossal duct cyst in a hen. A necropsy of a Transylvanian Naked Neck hen carried following diphtheroid mucocutaneous lesions. The necropsy revealed a large, cyst-like structure measuring 0.5 cm at the level of the caudal edge of the left thyroid gland. Histologically, the cystic mass, bordered by 1-2 lines of well-differentiated ciliated cuboidal cells, presented nuclear immunoreactivity for Thyroid transcription factor 1. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no previous records of thyroglossal duct cysts in avians. Moreover, this is the first case describing a thyroglossal duct cyst in a hen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romelia Pop
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Stephanie Oren
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Departament of Pathology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Andrada Negoescu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornel Cătoi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru-Flaviu Tăbăran
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Roberts A, Johnson S, Lee BC. Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Infection Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae: An Unusual Complication of Pharyngeal Gonorrhea. Sex Transm Dis 2024; 51:132-134. [PMID: 38290157 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000001903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a human obligate pathogen whose clinical expression of disease ranges from localized genital infection to involvement of extragenital sites such as the conjunctiva and throat. We describe the second case of a thyroglossal duct abscess due to N. gonorrhoeae, an uncommon complication of pharyngeal gonococcal infection. The fortuitous occurrence in the same individual of these 2 conditions that both exhibit an occult clinical presentation likely accounts for rarity of this infection. We discuss the pertinent gonococcal and host factors that underlie the clinical manifestations of this infection. A particular focus is the fundamental role that the binding of the gonococcal opacity-associated protein to the ubiquitous human carcinoembryonic cell adhesion molecule plays in the pathogenesis of pharyngeal gonorrhea.
Collapse
|
3
|
Walsh J, Clausen S, Degiovanni J, Carr MM. Double Thyroglossal Duct Cyst: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e40660. [PMID: 37485128 PMCID: PMC10356570 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroglossal duct cysts are one of the most common cervical congenital anomalies. They occur along the thyroid migration tract, which extends from the base of the tongue through the midline of the neck to the level of the cricoid cartilage. Thyroglossal duct cysts present as a midline neck mass and are closely associated with the hyoid bone. Here, we describe a case where two cystic structures were found just inferior to the thyroid gland and inferior to the hyoid bone, suggesting a double thyroglossal duct cyst. It is important to diagnose and surgically manage thyroglossal duct cysts as they are associated with complications, such as infection and malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Walsh
- Otolaryngology, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, USA
| | - Sean Clausen
- Otolaryngology, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, USA
| | - Jason Degiovanni
- Otolaryngology, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, USA
| | - Michele M Carr
- Otolaryngology, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Muhialdeen AS, Salih AM, Ahmed MM, Saeed YA, Qaradakhy AJ, Baba HO, Abdullah AM, Kakamad FH, Mohammed SH, Hiwa DS, Mohammed MS, Najmadden ZB. Thyroglossal duct diseases: presentation and outcomes. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231154392. [PMID: 36799092 PMCID: PMC9940199 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231154392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The incidence of thyroglossal duct diseases in the general population is about 7%. We aimed to demonstrate the clinical presentations and management of thyroglossal duct diseases. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of all patients who underwent surgery for histopathologically confirmed thyroglossal duct cyst, sinus, or fistula at a single center. RESULTS A total of 151 cases were included in this study. There were more female patients (87, 58%) than male patients (64, 42%). The patients' ages ranged from 1 to 63 years old. The most prevalent complaint was painless upper midline neck swelling (93.3%). Most cases were diagnosed as thyroglossal duct cysts (137, 90.7%). Six cases (4%) were associated with carcinoma. All the cases were managed using the modified Sistrunk procedure. There were no procedure-related complications, and five cases of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Although thyroglossal duct cyst is the most common neck anomaly in children, it may also present with various characteristics later in life. This condition can be managed successfully without complications and with a low recurrence rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aso S. Muhialdeen
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq,Kscien Organization, Hamdi Str, Azadi Mall, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Abdulwahid M. Salih
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq,College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Mohsin M. Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Yadgar A. Saeed
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Aras J. Qaradakhy
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq,Department of Radiology, Shorsh Teaching Hospital, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Hiwa O. Baba
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq,Kscien Organization, Hamdi Str, Azadi Mall, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Ari M. Abdullah
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Fahmi H. Kakamad
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq,Kscien Organization, Hamdi Str, Azadi Mall, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq,College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq,Fahmi Hussein Kakamad, Doctor City, Building 11, Apartment 50, Sulaimani, Kurdistan 46001, Iraq.
| | - Shvan H. Mohammed
- Kscien Organization, Hamdi Str, Azadi Mall, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Dilan Sarmad Hiwa
- College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Llanos D, de la Pedraja I, Campos L, Armijo J, Ávila LF. Imaging palpable tumors in pediatrics: Part 2. RADIOLOGIA 2023; 65:43-54. [PMID: 36842785 DOI: 10.1016/j.rxeng.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Palpable tumors in children are a common reason for consulting a radiologist. The origin of these lesions varies widely, and although they are common, classic radiology books do not cover some of them. This series of two articles aims to review the clinical and radiological characteristics of a selection of palpable tumors in children that radiologists need to be familiar with.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Llanos
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
| | - I de la Pedraja
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Campos
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Armijo
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - L F Ávila
- Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Llanos D, de la Pedraja I, Campos L, Armijo J, Ávila L. Radiología de las tumoraciones palpables en el paciente pediátrico. Parte 2. RADIOLOGIA 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
7
|
Malek H, Hedayati R. A Rare Case of Coexistence Ectopic Lingual Thyroid and Thyroglossal Cyst with Tc 99 m Thyroid Scintigraphy. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:6108-6111. [PMID: 36742619 PMCID: PMC9895577 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-021-02721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lingual thyroid is a very rare anomaly and is usually incidentally found in patients that have hypothyroidism or mass in throat. This case however had another mass in the submandible with diagnosis of thyroglossal cyst. Thyroglossal duct cyst is the most common congenital neck mass. About 50% of cases present before the age of 10 and second group age present in young adulthood. We present a 27-year-old man who presented with sub-mental mass. The patient had also hypothyroidism. A CT scan was performed to confirm the diagnosis. The CT scan confirmed submental cyst and incidentally discovered lingual thyroid along with absence of thyroid tissue in its normal pretracheal position. The patient had symptoms of hypothyroidism and he was treated with levothyroxin. Our case report highlights a rare and unusual situation because of the coexistence of a thyroglossal cyst and a partially functional lingual thyroid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Malek
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rajaei Cardiovascular, Medical, and Research Center, Cardiovascular Interventional Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Hedayati
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hazrate Rasool Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Park MJ, Shin HS, Choi DS, Choi HY, Choi HC, Lee SM, Jang JH, Lee JH, Park JJ, Park SE. A rare case of thyroglossal duct cyst extending to the sublingual space: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19389. [PMID: 32332596 PMCID: PMC7220724 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is the most common congenital anomaly of midline neck masses. A thyroglossal duct cyst is especially difficult to diagnose and is treated differently when it appears in the sublingual area. Here, we report a rare case of TGDC extending to the sublingual space. PATIENT CONCERNS A 42-year-old female presented with a history of neck swelling in the submental region. DIAGNOSIS The final pathologic diagnosis was a TGDC. INTERVENTIONS Sistrunk operation was performed. OUTCOMES Recurrence of the disease has not been seen for the past year. LESSION Clinical awareness of the thyroglossal duct cyst in the sublingual area or on the oral floor area is important for an accurate diagnosis and the appropriated management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jung Je Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
| | - Sung Eun Park
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Thyroglossal duct cysts and site-specific differential diagnoses: imaging findings with emphasis on ultrasound assessment. J Ultrasound 2020; 23:139-149. [PMID: 32052384 DOI: 10.1007/s40477-020-00433-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) are the most common congenital abnormality of the neck, accounting for approximately 70% of congenital neck lesions. Two-thirds of thyroglossal duct anomalies are diagnosed within the first three decades of life, with more than half being identified before 10 years of age. The age of presentation, clinical examination and imaging are essential for an accurate diagnosis. This review aims to summarize the imaging findings of TGDCs and their main differential diagnoses with emphasis on ultrasound assessment. A focus on site-specific key differentiating between them is also addressed.
Collapse
|
10
|
Preoperative ultrasound for the diagnosis of thyroglossal duct cysts: A validation study. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 122:89-92. [PMID: 30991206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the use of ultrasound to distinguish between thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDC) and dermoid cysts (DC) for surgical planning. To validate the SIST (septae + irregular wall + solid components = TGDC) scoring system proposed by Oyewumi et al. [1]. METHODS This was a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients with midline neck masses who presented between the years of 2005 and 2014 and underwent preoperative ultrasound and surgical resection. Two pediatric radiologists blinded to diagnosis reviewed each US for 14 separate characteristics. According to the SIST scoring system, one point was given for each of the following: internal septae, irregular walls, and solid components. RESULTS 45 patients met inclusion criteria. Final pathologic diagnosis showed 29 patients had TGDC, 16 had DC. The majority of patients with both TGDC and DC earned SIST scores of 0. CONCLUSION While ultrasound remains a useful part of the work-up of lesions of the head and neck in children, this small retrospective study was not able to validate the previously proposed SIST scoring system None of the parameters discussed in the original paper was found to be a statistically significant determinant of TGDC.
Collapse
|
11
|
Thyroglossal duct cyst coexisting with a fistulous tract: A rare case report and literature review. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY CASE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
12
|
Thyroglossal duct cysts in children: Sonographic features every radiologist should know and their histopathological correlation. Clin Imaging 2017; 46:57-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
13
|
Srivanitchapoom C, Sittitrai P, Yata K, Khongpiboonkit P. Ultrasonographic findings of thyroglossal duct papillary carcinoma: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2017; 32:54-57. [PMID: 28235652 PMCID: PMC5322208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma can be classified as primary, secondary and multicentric. Preoperative ultrasound with possible fine needle aspiration biopsy are useful for determining the extent of the operation. The treatment is Sistrunk’s operation with the addition of total thyroidectomy and neck dissection when indicated.
Introduction Reports on thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma (TGDCCa) are rare, occurring in approximately 1% of thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) cases. The origin and treatment of carcinoma arising in TGDC are controversy. Presentation of case A 38-year-old woman presented with a midline neck mass at the thyrohyoid level for 3 years. Ultrasound revealed a 2.4 cm cystic mass with a solid mural component and microcalcification. A small right thyroid nodule was also detected. Sistrunk’s operation was performed and the pathology was a primary carcinoma arising in the TGDC with a close surgical margin. Total thyroidectomy was done and revealed a 4 mm papillary carcinoma with partial invasion through the thyroid capsule of the right lobe with a 1 mm papillary carcinoma at the isthmus. The diagnosis was a primary TGDCCa with multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma. Discussion Sistrunk’s operation is an accepted procedure for the treatment of both TGDC and TGDCCa. Additional total thyroidectomy has been proposed but still controversial. The aims of preoperative ultrasound and ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) are differential diagnosis of the possible diseases and operative planning. The results which suggest a carcinoma arising in the TGDC, synchronous thyroid malignancy and metastatic cervical lymph nodes are helpful in determining the magnitude of the operation. Conclusion Ultrasound and FNAB of the TGDC, thyroid gland and cervical lymph nodes are the useful preoperative evaluations leading to the accurate diagnosis. The definitive treatment is Sistrunk’s operation with the possible addition of total thyroidectomy and neck dissection when indicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pichit Sittitrai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Patigaroo SA, Dar NH, Jallu AS, Ahmad R. Thyroglossal Duct Cysts: A Clinicosurgical Experience. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 69:102-107. [PMID: 28239589 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-016-1029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroglossal cyst is the most common congenital neck mass and occurs in 7% of the population. They occur due to failure of thyroglossal duct to involute and atrophy thyroglossal duct cysts often occur in pediatric patients. Majority of them are found infrahyoid region. The purpose of the present study is to report our 5 year clinical experience of thyroglossal cysts in terms of clinical features and surgical findings with special emphasis on naked eye extend of patent thyroglossal duct when present. To the best of our knowledge this is first clinical study which has reported the extend of thyroglossal duct on naked eye. This prospective observational study was done in the Postgraduate Department of ENT, Head and Neck surgery of Government medical college, Srinagar for a period of five years from January 2011 to January 2016. Thirty patients of histopathologically confirmed thyroglossal cysts were enrolled in the study. Patients were initially diagnosed on the basis of clinical history, examination and USG findings suggestive of cyst. Clinical data and surgical data in terms of size and location of cyst, presence or absence of thyroglossal duct etc. was analyzed and formulated in tables for patients who had histopathologically confirmed cyst. Mean age was 10 years. Majority (73.3%) were less than 15 years of age. Males were 22 in number (73.3%) while females compromised 26.7% of population. Ninety percent of patients presented with neck swelling. Erythema/redness over swelling was seen in 13.3% of patients. Majority (83.3%) of cysts were subhyoid in location. Thyroglossal ducts were seen to be patent for different lengths and areas. Majority of patients (80%) had tract arising from cyst and disappearing at superior border of hyoid body while three patients (10%) had patent thyroglossal duct from cyst to vallecular mucosa. A complete patent thyroglossal duct was seen in one patient (3.3%) from cyst to base of tongue. Complete Absent tract was seen in two patients (6.7%). Majority (70%) of cysts were having size between 1.6 and 3 cm. Intraoperative 10% of cyst got ruptured. Thyroglossal cysts are most commonly seen in pediatric males. Most of them present with visible midline neck swelling. In few cases cyst can rupture after repeated infections leading to sinus formation. Most of them are subhyoid in location. These cysts are usually of size 1.5-3 cm. Complete patent thyroglossal duct from cyst to tongue musculature is rarely seen while most of the times, a patent duct just disappears at the superior border of body of hyoid. None of our cysts had malignant features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Amin Patigaroo
- Postgraduate Department of ENT, HNS, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Nisar Hussain Dar
- Postgraduate Department of ENT, HNS, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Aleena Shafi Jallu
- Postgraduate Department of ENT, HNS, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Rauf Ahmad
- Postgraduate Department of ENT, HNS, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Atmaca S, Çeçen A, Kavaz E. Thyroglossal Duct Cyst in a 3-Month-Old Infant: A Rare Case. Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 54:138-140. [PMID: 29392034 DOI: 10.5152/tao.2016.1636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is the most common congenital midline neck mass in children. It usually becomes symptomatic following a respiratory tract infection and is usually diagnosed at 5 years of age. Thyroglossal duct cyst is rarely observed in less than 1-year-old infants. In this study, we present a 3-month-old infant with TGDC, who was administered multiple courses of antibiotic therapy for the hyperemic, draining, midline neck mass that had existed since he was 15 days old. Physical examination revealed an infrahyoid midline neck mass measuring 3×3 cm, which moved while swallowing and had a sinus opening in the overlying skin. The patient underwent Sistrunk operation under general anesthesia. Histopathologic examination revealed TGDC. One-year follow-up revealed no recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Atmaca
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Çeçen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Esra Kavaz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hui HNJ, Ci-An GT. The Value of Preoperative CT Scan for Thyroglossal Duct Cysts for Surgical Planning. VideoEndocrinology 2016. [DOI: 10.1089/ve.2016.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ng Jia Hui
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gerald Tay Ci-An
- Singhealth Duke-NUS Head and Neck Centre, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Does Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Develop De Novo? Case Rep Otolaryngol 2015; 2015:382760. [PMID: 26351606 PMCID: PMC4553182 DOI: 10.1155/2015/382760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Backround. Thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) is a developmental abnormality of the thyroid gland. Due to embryological remnants of thyroid tissue located in the TDC, the same malignant tumors that develop in the thyroid gland can also develop in the TDC. Methods. We present the unique case of a 39-year-old female with simultaneous de novo papillary carcinoma in a TDC and the thyroid gland. Results. With the suspicion of simultaneous papillary carcinoma in the TDC and the thyroid gland, Sistrunk procedure with total thyroidectomy and central neck exploration was performed. Conclusion. The clinician should have a high index of suspicion upon encountering papillary carcinoma of the TDC to differentiate de novo papillary carcinoma in the TDC from those originating from the thyroid gland, because papillary carcinoma in TDC may originate from an occult thyroid papillary carcinoma.
Collapse
|
18
|
Singh GB, Arora R, Sherwani P, Garg S, Shukla S, Kumar D. A rare case of true thyroglossal fistula diagnosed by computed tomography fistulography. JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
19
|
Lee M, Lee Y, Jeon T, Chang H, Kim BW, Lee Y, Park C, Ryu Y. Frequent visualization of thyroglossal duct remnant on post-ablation 131I-SPECT/CT and its clinical implications. Clin Radiol 2015; 70:638-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
20
|
Upper Airway Obstruction from Gonococcal Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Infection: A Case Report. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2015; 12:287-8. [DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201411-499le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
21
|
|
22
|
Zander DA, Smoker WRK. Imaging of ectopic thyroid tissue and thyroglossal duct cysts. Radiographics 2015; 34:37-50. [PMID: 24428281 DOI: 10.1148/rg.341135055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
When a child or young adult presents with a mass in the anterior portion of the neck, diagnostic considerations include a thyroglossal duct cyst and ectopic thyroid tissue. These entities are often suspected clinically, and imaging provides an opportunity to evaluate the extent, confirm the diagnosis, and evaluate for complications. Imaging characteristics of a thyroglossal duct cyst as a simple cyst and of ectopic thyroid tissue as a hyperattenuating soft-tissue mass can help identify these lesions at computed tomography (CT); however, intrinsic magnetic resonance, CT, and ultrasonographic imaging characteristics alone cannot be used to confirm the diagnosis. Rather, knowledge of the typical course of the thyroid primordium during embryologic development is essential to understand the variant locations along this path where thyroid tissue can be found. The migration of thyroid primordium begins at the foramen cecum at the base of the tongue and then loops around the hyoid bone anteriorly and inferiorly and descends anteriorly to the thyrohyoid membrane into the orthotopic location in the infrahyoid portion of the neck. Thyroid ectopia is categorized into one of four typical locations with respect to this embryologic course: (a) the base of the tongue, (b) adjacent to the hyoid bone, (c) the midline infrahyoid portion of the neck, and, rarely, (d) the lateral part of the neck. The differential diagnosis includes metastatic thyroid carcinoma, branchial cleft cyst, lymphatic malformation, abscess, saccular cyst, epidermoid cyst, and squamous cell carcinoma. The relationship of a mass to landmarks such as the foramen cecum, hyoid bone, strap muscles, thyrohyoid membrane, and thyroid cartilage can help differentiate a thyroglossal duct cyst and ectopic thyroid tissue from other anterior neck masses when the embryologic thyroid course is considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Zander
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Correlation between pre-operative diagnosis and post-operative pathology reading in pediatric neck masses--a review of 281 cases. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79:2-7. [PMID: 25479698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Describe the pre-operative diagnosis correlation of pediatric neck masses with the final post-operative pathology reading. Evaluate if added imaging studies were associated with higher frequency of correct diagnosis. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series review. SETTING Tertiary Academic Medical Center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Data was collected from 281 pediatric patients with an undiagnosed neck mass that underwent open biopsy from January 1986 to December 2011. Data collection included pre-operative accuracy and relative contributions of clinical clues and imaging studies. RESULTS Pre-operative and post-operative diagnoses match varied for each category of diagnoses. The difference in distribution of correct pre-operative diagnoses between 6 categories of neck masses was statistically significant. The highest number of cases with correct pre-op diagnosis was seen with congenital masses which were correctly diagnosed with 75% of cases (n=109), followed by benign tumors which were diagnosed with 73.7% of cases (n=19). When CT scans were included in the pre-op work up, it was associated with a non-significant trend toward a less frequent correlation between pre and post-operative diagnosis in congenital, nodal inflammatory and miscellaneous masses. However, with regards to the diagnosis of benign tumors, CT scan was associated with a trend toward higher proportion of correct pre-op diagnosis. In cases where US was included in the evaluation, we found a trend toward less frequent correlation with post op diagnosis in benign tumors, nodal inflammatory, non-nodal inflammatory and miscellaneous diagnoses and an increase in accuracy for congenital masses. CONCLUSION Certain types of pediatric neck masses are easy to diagnose likely due to their classic presentation. Failure to diagnose masses often occurs when the clinical picture is vague or non-specific. Ancillary imaging studies do not always correlate with increased accuracy of diagnosis, particularly when the clinical clues are typical.
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Rohof D, Honings J, Theunisse HJ, Schutte HW, van den Hoogen FJA, van den Broek GB, Takes RP, Wijnen MHWA, Marres HAM. Recurrences after thyroglossal duct cyst surgery: Results in 207 consecutive cases and review of the literature. Head Neck 2014; 37:1699-704. [PMID: 24985922 DOI: 10.1002/hed.23817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A thyroglossal duct cyst is the most common form of congenital anomaly in the neck. Surgical removal is very effective. However, in some cases, a cyst recurs. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that predispose to recurrence of a thyroglossal duct cyst. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted of consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection for histologically confirmed thyroglossal duct cysts between 1998 and 2013 in a tertiary referral center. RESULTS Two hundred seven patients were included. The overall recurrence rate was 9.7%. The most important factor predicting recurrence was the type of resection: recurrence rate was 5.3% after the Sistrunk procedure, and 55.6% after plain excision (p < .001). The only other factor that was significantly associated with chance of recurrence was postoperative infection. CONCLUSION The Sistrunk procedure is the treatment of choice for thyroglossal duct cysts because it yields low recurrence and morbidity. Postoperative infections, rather than preoperative infections, are associated with recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daan Rohof
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jimmie Honings
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Henricus J Theunisse
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Henrieke W Schutte
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J A van den Hoogen
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Guido B van den Broek
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert P Takes
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc H W A Wijnen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Henri A M Marres
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Oyewumi M, Inarejos E, Greer ML, Hassouneh B, Campisi P, Forte V, Propst EJ. Ultrasound to differentiate thyroglossal duct cysts and dermoid cysts in children. Laryngoscope 2014; 125:998-1003. [PMID: 25234770 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To determine if ultrasound could differentiate between thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDC) and midline dermoid cysts (DC). STUDY DESIGN Cohort study. METHODS A search of pathology reports yielded 91 patients with TGDC or midline DC. Ultrasound images were presented to a radiologist blinded to pathology who evaluated the following: 1) depth of lesion from skin, 2) maximum diameter, 3) dimensions, 4) midline location, 5) distance from base of tongue, 6) tract, 7) wall regularity, 8) wall thickness, 9) margin definition, 10) heterogeneity, 11) internal septae, 12) solid components, 13) intralesional Doppler flow, and 14) posterior enhancement. The predictive power of these variables was evaluated in a multiple logistic regression model. RESULTS There were 53 TGDC and 38 DC. TGDC were significantly more likely than DC to have the following features: 1) smaller distance from base of tongue, 2) tract, 3) irregular wall, 4) ill-defined margin, 5) internal septae, 6) solid components, and 7) intralesional Doppler flow. Three clinically reliable ultrasound variables were independently able to discriminate between TGDC and DC. A predictive model was fashioned whereby each variable was scored as 0 or 1, with a total score calculated (septae + irregular wall + solid components = TGDC [or SIST] score). We propose a scoring system whereby 0 = suggestive of DC; 1 = suggestive of TGDC; and ≥2 = highly suggestive of TGDC. CONCLUSIONS It may be possible to differentiate between TGDC and midline DC preoperatively using ultrasound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Modupe Oyewumi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Management of congenital neck lesions in children. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2014; 67:e217-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
28
|
de Tristan J, Zenk J, Künzel J, Psychogios G, Iro H. Thyroglossal duct cysts: 20 years' experience (1992-2011). Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 272:2513-9. [PMID: 25135577 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-014-3229-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to report on the clinical course and management of thyroglossal duct cysts. Retrospective review of all patients who underwent surgery for thyroglossal duct cysts between 2000 and 2013 at a tertiary referral center was carried out. The operations were performed using a modification of the Sistrunk operation: transcervical cystectomy, partial dissection of the hyoid bone, and dissection of all tracts identified during surgery. A total of 352 patients (176 men, 176 women) underwent surgery for a cyst (n = 282) or discharging sinus (n = 70). The mean age for the incidence of cysts was 26 years. Four of the patients (1.4 %) had a papillary thyroid carcinoma in the epithelium of the cyst. The follow-up period ranged from 7 months to 10 years. The overall recurrence rate was 4.5 %. Resection is often regarded as an elective surgical procedure in patients with thyroglossal duct cysts, but surgery should always be considered. Papillary thyroid carcinoma in the epithelium of the cyst is a rare but possible differential diagnosis. Dissection of all tracts found is recommended and partial dissection of the hyoid bone is mandatory. Dissection of the foramen cecum is not imperative. The recurrence rates with this approach are comparable to more extensive methods such as those described by Sistrunk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie de Tristan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Medical School, Waldstrasse 1, 91054, Erlangen, Germany,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cysts. Oral Radiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-09633-1.00021-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
30
|
Schmidt K. Sonographic Assessment of a Thyroglossal Duct Cyst. JOURNAL OF DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL SONOGRAPHY 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/8756479313506613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thyroglossal duct cysts account for most diagnosed midline neck masses. They generally sit at or below the hyoid bone. They can vary in appearance and area of infiltration, although few cases of laryngeal involvement have been reported. Sonography is the modality of choice for imaging these cysts, followed by a Sistrunk procedure to remove the cyst. This case report focuses on the sonographic appearance of these cysts and their management.
Collapse
|
31
|
Iannessi A, Marcy PY, Poissonnet G, Giordana E. Dermoid cyst in the floor of the mouth. Answer to the e-quid "Dysphagia and snoring without odynophagia". Diagn Interv Imaging 2013; 94:913-8. [PMID: 24054906 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Iannessi
- Département de radiodiagnostic et radiologie interventionnelle oncologique, centre de lutte contre le cancer Antoine-Lacassagne, 33, avenue de Valombrose, 06186 Nice, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chou J, Walters A, Hage R, Zurada A, Michalak M, Tubbs RS, Loukas M. Thyroglossal duct cysts: anatomy, embryology and treatment. Surg Radiol Anat 2013; 35:875-81. [PMID: 23689821 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-013-1115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thyroglossal duct cysts are the most frequently encountered congenital abnormality of the neck, and are described extensively in the literature. The high incidence of this abnormality and its presence in all age groups requires clinicians to be aware of the clinical features, etiology, and current treatment options. Because it is readily accessible, relatively inexpensive, and non-invasive, sonography is arguably the ideal initial investigation. Computerized tomography and fine needle aspiration biopsy are often utilized as supplementary techniques for confirmation of the diagnosis. The treatment of choice for thyroglossal duct cysts continues to be the classic Sistrunk procedure, developed in 1920, although several modifications have since been employed. In this review, we aim to explore the embryological development, clinical presentation and diagnostic features of thyroglossal duct cysts. In addition, a useful adaptation to the Sistrunk procedure and the recent application of OK-432 therapy as a promising alternative for treatment of thyroglossal duct cysts will also be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jackie Chou
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, Grenada, West Indies
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Thyroglossal duct cyst is the most common congenital neck mass in children and young adults. The authors present two cases affecting two patients aged 7 and 9 years, respectively, who had a palpable painless swelling in the submental region. In both patients ultrasound (US) examination showed an anechoic or hypoechoic rounded mass with well-defined margins thus confirming clinical suspicion of thyroglossal duct cyst. One patient also had a second, deep-lying, nonpalpaple cyst which communicated with the superficial cyst. These cases are typical and confirm that US is essential in suspected thyroglossal duct cyst to confirm clinical diagnosis, detect lesions which are not clinically appreciable due to their small size or deep location, to assess communication between the lesions and to detect possible complications. Thyroglossal duct cyst is the most common congenital neck mass in children and young adults. The authors present two cases affecting two patients aged 7 and 9 years, respectively, who had a palpable painless swelling in the submental region. In both patients ultrasound (US) examination showed an anechoic or hypoechoic rounded mass with well-defined margins thus confirming clinical suspicion of thyroglossal duct cyst. One patient also had a second, deep-lying, nonpalpaple cyst which communicated with the superficial cyst. These cases are typical and confirm that US is essential in suspected thyroglossal duct cyst to confirm clinical diagnosis, detect lesions which are not clinically appreciable due to their small size or deep location, to assess communication between the lesions and to detect possible complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Valentino
- Urgency and Emergency Radiology, Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital of Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Edwards RM, Chapman T, Horn DL, Paladin AM, Iyer RS. Imaging of pediatric floor of mouth lesions. Pediatr Radiol 2013; 43:523-35. [PMID: 23429804 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-013-2620-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There is a vast spectrum of pathology that afflicts the floor of mouth in children. These span inflammatory conditions, vascular malformations, developmental anomalies, benign tumors and malignancies. While this area is readily evaluated on clinical exam, imaging is often performed to better characterize the disorder prior to management. The imaging modalities most frequently utilized are US, CT and MR. The purpose of this article is to describe the primary conditions that occur in this location in children so that radiologists may provide an appropriate differential diagnosis. These include ranula, venolymphatic malformation, dermoid, teratoma, foregut duplication cyst, hairy polyp, thyroglossal duct cyst and rhabdomyosarcoma. For each pathological condition, there will be a focus on describing its imaging manifestation. Floor of mouth anatomy, imaging approach during both prenatal and postnatal life and etiologies will be discussed. Surgical considerations and operative photographs will also be presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Edwards
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
This paper focuses on the diagnosis and management of developmental anomalies of the skin that may be seen early in life. Common locations include the head, nose, preauricular area of the face, neck, and spine. Those that occur in or near the midline can be more serious because of possible intracranial connections. Radiologic imaging of the areas of involvement is often important; computed tomography (CT) scans can delineate bony defects; whereas, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) more clearly defines intracranial connections. Occult spinal dysraphism can be suspected when certain cutaneous signs are present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Sanders Bellet
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lee DH, Jung SH, Yoon TM, Lee JK, Joo YE, Lim SC. Preoperative computed tomography of suspected thyroglossal duct cysts in children under 10-years-of-age. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 77:45-8. [PMID: 23040962 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preoperative computed tomography (CT) features of thyroglossal duct cysts (TDCs), with the main purpose of evaluating criteria helpful in differentiating TDCs from other lesions in children under 10-years-of-age. METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed at Chonnam National University Hospital for the period of March 2005 to June 2011. Pediatric patients under 10-years-of-age with suspected TDCs were divided into two groups depending on their histopathologic diagnosis. RESULTS Of the 29 pediatric patients with suspected TDCs, 16 patients (55%) had histopathologically confirmed TDCs. Thirteen patients (45%) had dermoid cysts (n=6), ranula (n=3), and inflammatory lesions (n=4). There were no statistically significant differences between the preoperative CT findings and the final histopathologic diagnosis of TDC. There were no major complications resulting from surgical interventions. CONCLUSION CT is not helpful in differentiating TDC from other lesions in children under 10-years-of-age. Therefore, we suggest that preoperative CT of suspected TDCs in children should be performed more selectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University, Medical School and Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lee DH, Jung SH, Yoon TM, Lee JK, Joo YE, Lim SC. Computed tomographic evaluation of thyroglossal duct cysts in children under 11 years of age. Chonnam Med J 2012; 48:179-82. [PMID: 23323225 PMCID: PMC3539100 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2012.48.3.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to review the computed tomography (CT) features of thyroglossal duct cysts (TDCs) in children less than 11 years of age. A retrospective chart review was performed at Chonnam National University Hospital for the period of March 2005 to June 2011. CT scans of 16 patients having TDCs were evaluated for the following features: site of the mass, relationship to the midline, walls, margins, internal septa, rim enhancement, internal density, and the presence or absence of the thyroid gland. Of the 16 lesions, 8 (50%) were located in the midline and 12 (75%) were infrahyoid in location. Twelve (75%) of the 16 patients had well-circumscribed walls and peripheral rim enhancement. Internal septa were seen in four of the cysts, and all but one of the cysts demonstrated homogeneous or low-density attenuation. The most common CT findings of TDCs in children less than 11 years of age were a homogeneous or low-density lesion. TDCs in children under the age of 11 years were mostly located in the infrahyoid neck.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School & Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Huoh KC, Durr ML, Meyer AK, Rosbe KW. Comparison of imaging modalities in pediatric thyroglossal duct cysts. Laryngoscope 2012; 122:1405-8. [PMID: 22460362 DOI: 10.1002/lary.23262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To determine and compare the accuracy of different imaging modalities including ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDC) in children. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective chart review. METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed on patients under the age of 18 years who had undergone surgical excision of midline neck masses between January 2002 and June 2011. All patients had preoperative imaging. Data including age at surgery, preoperative imaging results, and postoperative pathology results were recorded. Preoperative imaging diagnoses were then compared to postoperative pathologic diagnoses. Diagnostic test statistics were performed. RESULTS A total of 44 patients met the study criteria. There were 15 patients who underwent more than one modality of imaging study. US had a sensitivity of 75% in diagnosis of TGDC. MRI sensitivity was 60% and CT was 82%. None of the tests had high specificity for TGDC; US was the highest at 80%. All three modalities had positive predictive values higher than 90%. US had the highest positive likelihood ratio (3.8), although the 95% confidence interval was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS In a comparison of the three most commonly used imaging modalities for pediatric TGDC, US was the preferred exam given its comparable accuracy, ease of administration, and lower cost. In addition, the added risks of general anesthesia with MRI and ionizing radiation with CT are not justified in this setting given their equivalent or inferior performance when compared to US in this cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C Huoh
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Infected thyroglossal duct cyst involving submandibular region: a case report. Case Rep Dent 2011; 2011:978263. [PMID: 22567451 PMCID: PMC3335588 DOI: 10.1155/2011/978263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroglossal duct cyst presents most frequently in the midline of the neck, either at or just below the level of the hyoid bone. They generally manifest as painless neck swelling, and they move on protrusion of tongue and during swallowing. A case of thyroglossal cyst was reported in the left submandibular region in a 14-year-old girl, above the level of hyoid bone; ultrasound examination favored a cystic lesion which moved in a vertical fashion on swallowing whereas fine needle aspiration cytology report was suggestive of simple cystic lesion of thyroglossal cyst. No lymphoid or malignant cells were present. The cyst was excised completely by surgical procedure under general anesthesia. Histopathological analysis revealed thyroglossal cyst showing columnar and flattened epithelium of cyst with focal aggregate of chronic inflammatory cells supported by fibrocollagenous cyst wall. The clinical, ultrasound, and histopathological findings suggested that the lesion was an infected thyroglossal cyst. There was no evidence of recurrence 6 months after surgery.
Collapse
|
40
|
Ren W, Zhi K, Zhao L, Gao L. Presentations and management of thyroglossal duct cyst in children versus adults: a review of 106 cases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 111:e1-6. [PMID: 21237423 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the clinical presentations and management of thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC or thyroglossal tract remnant [TTR]) between children and adults and evaluate risk factors associated with recurrence after surgery for TDCs. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective study of all patients with TDCs managed in our department from January 1998 through April 2008 was performed. All records were reviewed for age and sex, sizes and locations of cysts, diagnostic methods, surgical management, recurrences, and complications. Differences between children and adults and risk factors associated with recurrence were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 106 patients (47 children and 59 adults) were treated for TDC. Of the children, 57.4% were male and 42.6% were female, whereas 50.8% of the adults were male and 49.2% were female. There were no significant differences in sex in either group (P > .49). The average age was 7.0 ± 4.2 years in children and 36.0 ± 18.0 years in adults, which demonstrates a bimodal distribution. Adults were significantly more likely than children to present with a complaint other than mass or infection (P < .01), including pain, dysphagia, dysphonia, and fistula formation. There was no significant difference in frequency of location between the adults and children. In this article, 94.9% (56/59) of the adults and 87.2% (41/47) of the children underwent a Sistrunk operation, whereas the others underwent cyst excision. There were 2 recurrences among adults and 3 among children, all of whom presented with an infected neck mass and were treated with a second Sistrunk procedure. The recurrence rates and complications between children and adults were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of TDC was equal in males and females and had a bimodal distribution with similar incidence in children and adults. Adults were significantly more likely than children to present with a complaint other than mass or infection. The Sistrunk procedure is recommended as the main choice of treatment. Cyst infection may have a role in recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oncological Head and Neck Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Endolaryngeal extension of thyroglossal duct cyst. Auris Nasus Larynx 2011; 39:220-3. [PMID: 21621356 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2011.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thyroglossal duct cysts are the most common congenital neck masses that develop during childhood, The masses develop from remnants of thyroglossal ducts, and typically appear as midline neck masses. Endolaryngeal extension of thyroglossal duct cysts has been reported mostly as midline neck swelling. We observed a case of extension of the thyroglossal duct cyst to the supraglottic area without neck swelling. A 50-year-old man presented with a 1-month history of foreign-body sensation in the throat. Fiberscopic and radiologic findings were similar to those associated with a saccular cyst, but its proximity to the hyoid bone raised the possibility of thyroglossal duct cyst. Operation was performed via an external incision to completely remove the cyst. Postoperative fiberscopy revealed that the aryepiglottic fold swelling had disappeared. Diagnosis of thyroglossal duct cyst was confirmed on the basis of pathological findings. In cases in which it is difficult to remove the cyst from the hyoid membrane, the hyoid bone midline portion should be dissected. Thyroglossal duct cysts should be considered in cases with a submucosal tumor in the supraglottic region, and radiological examinations should be performed.
Collapse
|
42
|
Kinoshita N, Abe K, Sainoo Y, Kumagami H, Takahashi H, Hayashi T. Adenosquamous carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst: report of a case. Surg Today 2011; 41:533-6. [PMID: 21431487 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-010-4287-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A 61-year-old Japanese woman had an 11-year history of an enlarging anterior neck mass that was diagnosed otolaryngologically as a thyroglossal duct cyst. Preoperatively, fine-needle aspiration cytology suggested a neoplastic lesion, but no obvious malignancy was clinically evident. Sistrunk's operation was performed. An adenosquamous carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst was found on pathological examination. Carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst is rare, and only approximately 200 cases have been reported, most of which were papillary carcinoma. Only 21 cases of squamous cell carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst have been reported. The present case is the first report of adenosquamous carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoe Kinoshita
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Sidell DR, Shapiro NL. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for midline neck masses in children. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011; 144:431-4. [PMID: 21493208 DOI: 10.1177/0194599810391743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and to assess the utility of preoperative ultrasonography in the pediatric patient with a midline neck mass. STUDY DESIGN Diagnostic test study. SETTING Tertiary care university hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS An institutional review board (UCLA Office of the Human Research Protection Program)-approved retrospective review of pediatric patients undergoing excision of a midline neck mass between 1999 and 2010 at a tertiary care institution was performed. The preoperative imaging modality, imaging diagnosis, and pathologic results were evaluated. RESULTS Forty patients were included in this review. This study failed to demonstrate an association between preoperative ultrasound-based diagnoses and postoperative pathologic results (P > .99). CONCLUSION Ultrasonography is commonly used in the workup of a midline neck mass in the pediatric population. Despite the utility of preoperative ultrasonography, the diagnostic accuracy of this imaging modality may have significant limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Sidell
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1624, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Narayana Moorthy S, Arcot R. Thyroglossal duct cyst-more than just an embryological remnant. Indian J Surg 2010; 73:28-31. [PMID: 22211034 DOI: 10.1007/s12262-010-0171-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroglossal duct cyst is a congenital malformation that occurs due to incomplete closure of the thyroglossal duct. Apart from being a quiescent embryological remnant, it presents itself clinically at any age and often requires surgical excision. Twenty four patients were encountered at Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute between June 2004 and June 2009 with thyroglossal duct cyst. The purpose of the study was to analyse their presentation, associated complications including malignancy and the approach to their management. Operative notes, histopathology files and medical records were used for the retrospective analysis of the patients with thyroglossal duct cyst. Thyroid profile and Radioisotope scan were performed on all the patients to document the position of the thyroid gland. Further, these patients were subjected to Ultrasonography and Computerised Tomography neck to conclusively map the location of the cyst. Fine Needle Aspiration of the tissue was done to diagnose malignancy. It was noted that there was maximum clustering of about 62.5% in males. About 45% of them belonged to the paediatric age group. The total number of symptomatic patients was about 59%. Unlike the various studies in literature, most of the thyroglossal duct cyst patients at our hospital were symptomatic. The symptoms were pain, dyspnoea, dysphagia, discharge and recurrence. Malignancy was diagnosed in two patients who were ironically asymptomatic. Other complications were looked into and treated. Thyroglossal duct cyst is a cervical anomaly that is usually found as an asymptomatic painless cystic swelling. However, most of our patients had a symptomatic presentation. Association with malignancy was noted. Surgical intervention was the cure for all the patients.
Collapse
|
46
|
Bhatia KSS, Rasalkar DD, Lee YP, Wong KT, King AD, Yuen YH, Ahuja AT. Real-time qualitative ultrasound elastography of miscellaneous non-nodal neck masses: applications and limitations. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2010; 36:1644-1652. [PMID: 20800941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2010.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate real-time qualitative ultrasound elastography as an adjunct to conventional sonography for evaluation of non-nodal neck masses identified in routine clinical practice, 52 consecutive masses in 49 patients underwent both techniques. Lesion stiffness was graded visually on chromatic-scale elastograms from ES0-3 (low to high). Diagnosis was based on (cyto)pathology (11), corroborative cross-sectional imaging (18) or characteristic conventional sonography (23). There were 16 lipomas, 15 lymphatic/venous vascular malformations (LVVMs), six neurogenic tumours/neuromas, five thyroglossal duct cysts (TGCs), five (epi)dermoids, three abscesses, one second-arch branchial cleft cyst (BCC), and one soft-tissue metastasis. In general terms, lesion stiffness was high (ES2-3) for neurogenic tumours/neuromas, (epi)dermoids and metastasis, and low (ES0-1) for lipomas, LVVM, TGCs and BCC. Abscesses displayed variable stiffness according to fluid content. Technical limitations and artefacts of elastograms were identified. Data from real-time qualitative ultrasound elastography may be a useful adjunct to sonography for diagnosis of non-nodal neck masses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunwar S S Bhatia
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Organ Imaging, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin NT, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
|
48
|
|
49
|
Rowicki T, Pietniczka-Załeska M, Dabrowska-Bień J. [Differential diagnosis and treatment of neck masses. A study based on observation in Otolaryngology Department of Miedzyleski Specialistic Hospital in Warsaw]. Otolaryngol Pol 2010; 63:414-8. [PMID: 20169906 DOI: 10.1016/s0030-6657(09)70153-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In otolaryngology practice we quite often encounter neck masses in all age group patients. The differential diagnosis is extensive and represents a variety of pathologic conditions of various origins, especially in relation to patient age. The authors present a retrospective analysis of patients with a neck mass treated in Otolaryngology Department of Miedzyleski Specialistic Hospital in Warsaw over the period of two years. Patients were divided into groups according to their age. Within each group the incidence of congenital, inflammatory and neoplastic disease was assessed. The most numerous was the group of adults older than 40 years of age with the highest incidence of malignant neoplasms. The location of metastatic lymph nodes in relation to primary site was described. Finally, methods of management for each tumour type were presented. Then we discuss a work-up of a neck mass with regard to literature data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Rowicki
- Oddział Otolaryngologii, Miedzyleski Szpital Specjalistyczny w Warszawie, ul. Bursztynowa 2.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Madana J, Yolmo D, Saxena SK, Gopalakrishnan S. True thyroglossal fistula. Laryngoscope 2009; 119:2345-7. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.20628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|