1
|
Corral J, Borras JM, Lievens Y. Utilisation of radiotherapy in lung cancer: A scoping narrative literature review with a focus on the introduction of evidence-based therapeutic approaches in Europe. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2024; 45:100717. [PMID: 38226026 PMCID: PMC10788411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2023.100717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose The aim of this study was to review the published studies on the utilisation of radiotherapy in lung cancer (both small and non-small cell lung cancer, SCLC and NSCLC) patients in European countries with a population-based perspective. Material and methods A literature search since January 2000 until December 2022 was carried out. Only English-published papers were included, and only European data was considered. PRISMA guidelines were followed. A scoping narrative review was undertaken due to the hetereogeneity of the published papers. Results 38 papers were included in the analysis, with the majority from the Netherlands (52.6%) and the UK (18.4%). Large variability is observed in the reported radiotherapy utilisation, around 40% for NSCLC in general and between 26 and 42% in stage I NSCLC. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) shows a wide range of utilisation across countries and over time, from 8 to 63%. Similary, in stage III lung cancer, chemoradiotherapy (CRT) utilisation varied considerably (11-70%). Eleven studies compared radiotherapy utilisation between older and younger age-groups, showing that younger patients receive more CRT, while the opposite applies for SBRT. An widespreadlack of data on relevant covariates such as comorbidty and health-services related variables is observed. Conclusion The actual utilisation of radiotherapy for lung cancer reported in patterns-of-care studies (POCs) is notably lower than the evidence-based optimal utilisation. Important variability is observed by country, time period, stage at diagnosis and age. A wider use of POCs should be promoted to improve our knowledge on the actual application of evidence-based treatment recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Corral
- Catalonian Cancer Plan, Department of Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M. Borras
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolande Lievens
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tas F, Ozturk A, Erturk K. Comorbidity in Small Cell Lung Cancer: Prognostic Impacts of Hypertension/Coronary Artery Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Cancer Invest 2024; 42:21-33. [PMID: 38299573 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2024.2310574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Comorbidity, the most important components of which are hypertension/coronary artery disease (HTN/CAD), diabetes mellitus (DM), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is frequently encountered in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. We aimed to assess the possible impacts of these major comorbidities on the prognoses of SCLC patients. A total of 378 SCLC patients were analyzed retrospectively. We did not ascertain the effect of comorbidity on survival in SCLC patients in general; and similarly, the presence of HTN/CAD and COPD did not adversely affect the outcome. However, lower survival rates were observed in patients with SCLC coexisting with DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Tas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Akin Ozturk
- Department of Medical Oncology outpatient clinic, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kayhan Erturk
- Department of Medical Oncology, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fink CA, Weykamp F, Adeberg S, Bozorgmehr F, Christopoulos P, Lang K, König L, Hörner-Rieber J, Thomas M, Steins M, El-Shafie RA, Rieken S, Bernhardt D, Debus J. Comorbidity in limited disease small-cell lung cancer: Age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index and its association with overall survival following chemoradiotherapy. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2023; 42:100665. [PMID: 37564923 PMCID: PMC10410177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2023.100665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Combined, platinum-based thoracic chemoradiotherapy (TCR) is the current state-of-the-art treatment for patients with limited disease (LD) small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). There is only limited data available regarding the effect of comorbidities on survival following TRC. The purpose of this study is to assess the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) as a predictor of overall survival in LD-SCLC patients undergoing TCR. Patients and methods We retrospectively analyzed 367 SCLC patients diagnosed with LD-SCLC who received TCR between 2003 and 2017. We evaluated the ACCI (n = 348) as a predictor of overall survival (OS). In this cohort, 322 patients (88%) received platinum-based TCR (either cisplatin or carboplatin), and 37 (10%) patients received vincristine based TCR. Median radiation dose was 60 Gy (range 24-66 Gy). Additionally, 83% of patients (n = 303) received prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI, 30 Gy in 2 Gy fractions). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed for OS. For comparison of survival curves, Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test was used. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards ratios (HRs) were used to assess the influence of cofactors on OS. Results Patients with an ACCI > 6 had a significantly shorter OS compared with patients with an ACCI ≤ 6 (median 11 vs. 20 months; p = 0.005). Univariate analysis for OS revealed a statistically significant effect for ACCI > 6 (HR 1.7; 95% CI 1.2-2.4; p = 0.003), PCI (HR 0.5; 95% CI 0.3-0.7; p < 0.001), and Karnofsky performance status ≤ 70% (KPS) (HR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1-1.90; p = 0.015). In multivariate analysis, OS was significantly associated with PCI (HR 0.6; 95% CI 0.4-0.9; p = 0.022) and ACCI > 6 (HR 1.5; 95% CI 1.0-2.1; p = 0.049). Conclusion Comorbidity is significantly associated with survival in patients with LD-SCLC undergoing TCR. The ACCI may be a valuable tool to identify patients with a shorter survival and thus might be used for risk stratification and oncological decision making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph A. Fink
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Germany
- National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Weykamp
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Germany
- National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Adeberg
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Germany
- National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Marburg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (MIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Marburg University Hospital, Marburg, Germany
| | - Farastuk Bozorgmehr
- National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany Translational Lung Research Centre Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Germany
- Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petros Christopoulos
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany Translational Lung Research Centre Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Germany
- Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristin Lang
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Germany
- National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laila König
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Germany
- National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Hörner-Rieber
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Germany
- National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Thomas
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany Translational Lung Research Centre Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Germany
- Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Steins
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany Translational Lung Research Centre Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Germany
| | - Rami A. El-Shafie
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Germany
- National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Niedersachsen, partner site Goettingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Rieken
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Germany
- National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Niedersachsen, partner site Goettingen, Germany
| | - Denise Bernhardt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Germany
- National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Matsumura K, Kakiuchi Y, Tabuchi T, Takase T, Maruyama M, Ueno M, Nakazawa G. Cancer screening: Possibility of underscreening in older adult population with a history of cardiovascular disease. J Cardiol 2022; 80:133-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
5
|
Xiu W, Huang Y, Li Y, Yu M, Gong Y. Comorbidities and mortality risk among extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer patients in mainland China: impacts of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Anticancer Drugs 2022; 33:80-90. [PMID: 34183497 PMCID: PMC8670332 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the impact of major comorbidities, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, on the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) patients in China. Patients having a pathologic diagnosis of ES-SCLC between 2009 and 2017 were enrolled and grouped according to their specific comorbidities. The PFS and OS for each group were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard models. In total, 632 patients were analyzed. The median PFS (mPFS) of these patients was 9 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 6-12 months]. The mPFS of patients without hypertension or T2DM was 9 months; conversely, it was significantly reduced for patients with hypertension [7 months (P < 0.0001)] or T2DM [5 months (P < 0.0001)]. However, mPFS was not significantly different between patients with and without HBV infection (P = 0.2936). A similar trend was observed for OS as well. Further multivariate analyses showed that the OS of patients with hypertension [hazard ratio (HR), 1.344; 95% CI, 1.073-1.683; P = 0.010] or T2DM (HR, 1.455; 95% CI, 1.134-1.868; P = 0.003) was significantly shorter than that of patients without these comorbidities. Accordingly, mortality risk was the highest in patients with concurrent hypertension and T2DM (HR, 1.665; 95% CI, 1.037-2.672; P = 0.00058). Our study found that hypertension and T2DM may be associated with a worse prognosis in ES-SCLC patients. Considerable attention should be paid to the accompanying anti-comorbidity therapies available for patients with ES-SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Xiu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yanying Li
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Youling Gong
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Santo L, Ward BW, Rui P, Ashman JJ. Antineoplastic drugs prescription during visits by adult cancer patients with comorbidities: findings from the 2010–2016 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 31:353-363. [DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01281-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
7
|
Bahij R, Jeppesen SS, Olsen KE, Halekoh U, Holmskov K, Hansen O. Outcome of treatment in patients with small cell lung cancer in poor performance status. Acta Oncol 2019; 58:1612-1617. [PMID: 31282251 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2019.1637934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with poor performance status (PS) especially in the elderly may not benefit from chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to compare survival of treated patients with PS 3-4 with untreated patients.Material and methods: We reviewed the medical records and pathology data for 448 patients diagnosed with small cell carcinoma from 2010 to 2015 and selected all patients in PS 3-4 for review.Results: A total of 87 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of these, 53 (61%) received chemotherapy (CT), while 34 (39%) did not. The median overall survival (OS) was 5.1 months for the treated patients and 0.7 month for the untreated (p < .001). Multivariate analysis identified lack of treatment with chemotherapy, extensive disease, and PS 4 as independent factors associated with poor prognosis, while age and gender were not. Also, patients with aged ≥70 years who had extended disease had significant improved OS when treated with CT. However, the chance of being treated with CT was significantly influenced by age.Conclusion: CT was associated with improved survival in patients with SCLC with PS 3-4 independent of age and stage of disease. Neither ED, high age, nor poor PS should be used as criteria for omitting CT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana Bahij
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stefan Starup Jeppesen
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Karen Ege Olsen
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Halekoh
- Institute of Epidemiology, Biostatics and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Karin Holmskov
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Olfred Hansen
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jegou D, Dubois C, Schillemans V, Stordeur S, De Gendt C, Camberlin C, Verleye L, Vrijens F. Use of health insurance data to identify and quantify the prevalence of main comorbidities in lung cancer patients. Lung Cancer 2018; 125:238-244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
9
|
Lüchtenborg M, Morris EJA, Tataru D, Coupland VH, Smith A, Milne RL, Te Marvelde L, Baker D, Young J, Turner D, Nishri D, Earle C, Shack L, Gavin A, Fitzpatrick D, Donnelly C, Lin Y, Møller B, Brewster DH, Deas A, Huws DW, White C, Warlow J, Rashbass J, Peake MD. Investigation of the international comparability of population-based routine hospital data set derived comorbidity scores for patients with lung cancer. Thorax 2018; 73:339-349. [PMID: 29079609 PMCID: PMC5870453 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) identified significant international differences in lung cancer survival. Differing levels of comorbid disease across ICBP countries has been suggested as a potential explanation of this variation but, to date, no studies have quantified its impact. This study investigated whether comparable, robust comorbidity scores can be derived from the different routine population-based cancer data sets available in the ICBP jurisdictions and, if so, use them to quantify international variation in comorbidity and determine its influence on outcome. METHODS Linked population-based lung cancer registry and hospital discharge data sets were acquired from nine ICBP jurisdictions in Australia, Canada, Norway and the UK providing a study population of 233 981 individuals. For each person in this cohort Charlson, Elixhauser and inpatient bed day Comorbidity Scores were derived relating to the 4-36 months prior to their lung cancer diagnosis. The scores were then compared to assess their validity and feasibility of use in international survival comparisons. RESULTS It was feasible to generate the three comorbidity scores for each jurisdiction, which were found to have good content, face and concurrent validity. Predictive validity was limited and there was evidence that the reliability was questionable. CONCLUSION The results presented here indicate that interjurisdictional comparability of recorded comorbidity was limited due to probable differences in coding and hospital admission practices in each area. Before the contribution of comorbidity on international differences in cancer survival can be investigated an internationally harmonised comorbidity index is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margreet Lüchtenborg
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Skipton House, Public Health England, London, UK
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Population and Global Health, Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Eva J A Morris
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, Leeds, UK
| | - Daniela Tataru
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Skipton House, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Victoria H Coupland
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Skipton House, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Andrew Smith
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Skipton House, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luc Te Marvelde
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deborah Baker
- Cancer Institute New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jane Young
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Donna Turner
- Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Craig Earle
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lorraine Shack
- Cancer Control Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anna Gavin
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Centre for Public Health Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Deirdre Fitzpatrick
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Centre for Public Health Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Conan Donnelly
- Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, Centre for Public Health Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Yulan Lin
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - David H Brewster
- Scottish Cancer Registry, Public Health & Intelligence Unit of NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew Deas
- Scottish Cancer Registry, Public Health & Intelligence Unit of NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dyfed W Huws
- Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ceri White
- Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Janet Warlow
- Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jem Rashbass
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Skipton House, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Michael D Peake
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Skipton House, Public Health England, London, UK
- Institute for Lung Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Boakye D, Rillmann B, Walter V, Jansen L, Hoffmeister M, Brenner H. Impact of comorbidity and frailty on prognosis in colorectal cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 64:30-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
11
|
Halvorsen TO, Sundstrøm S, Fløtten Ø, Brustugun OT, Brunsvig P, Aasebø U, Bremnes RM, Kaasa S, Grønberg BH. Comorbidity and outcomes of concurrent chemo- and radiotherapy in limited disease small cell lung cancer. Acta Oncol 2016; 55:1349-1354. [PMID: 27549509 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2016.1201216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with limited disease small cell lung cancer (LD SCLC) suffer from comorbidity. Not all patients with comorbidity are offered standard treatment, though there is little evidence for such a policy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether patients with comorbidity had inferior outcomes in a LD SCLC cohort. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed patients from a randomized study comparing two three-week schedules of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) plus standard chemotherapy in LD SCLC. Patients were to receive four courses of cisplatin/etoposide and TRT of 45 Gy/30 fractions (twice daily) or 42 Gy/15 fractions (once daily). Responders received prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI). Comorbidity was assessed using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), which rates conditions with increased one-year mortality. RESULTS In total 157 patients were enrolled between May 2005 and January 2011. Median age was 63 years, 52% were men, 16% had performance status 2, and 72% stage III disease. Forty percent had no comorbidity; 34% had CCI-score 1; 15% CCI 2; and 11% CCI 3-5. There were no significant differences in completion rates of chemotherapy, TRT or PCI across CCI-scores; or any significant differences in the frequency of grade 3-5 toxicity (p = 0.49), treatment-related deaths (p = 0.36), response rates (p = 0.20), progression-free survival (p = 0.18) or overall survival (p = 0.09) between the CCI categories. CONCLUSION Patients with comorbidity completed and tolerated chemo-radiotherapy as well as other patients. There were no significant differences in response rates, progression-free survival or overall survival - suggesting that comorbidity alone is not a reason to withhold standard therapy in LD SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarje Onsøien Halvorsen
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Oncology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stein Sundstrøm
- Clinic of Oncology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øystein Fløtten
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Odd T. Brustugun
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Paal Brunsvig
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulf Aasebø
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Roy M. Bremnes
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Stein Kaasa
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn H. Grønberg
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Oncology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Skyrud KD, Bray F, Eriksen MT, Nilssen Y, Møller B. Regional variations in cancer survival: Impact of tumour stage, socioeconomic status, comorbidity and type of treatment in Norway. Int J Cancer 2016; 138:2190-200. [PMID: 26679150 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cancer survival varies by place of residence, but it remains uncertain whether this reflects differences in tumour, patient and treatment characteristics (including tumour stage, indicators of socioeconomic status (SES), comorbidity and information on received surgery and radiotherapy) or possibly regional differences in the quality of delivered health care. National population-based data from the Cancer Registry of Norway were used to identify cancer patients diagnosed in 2002-2011 (n = 258,675). We investigated survival from any type of cancer (all cancer sites combined), as well as for the six most common cancers. The effect of adjusting for prognostic factors on regional variations in cancer survival was examined by calculating the mean deviation, defined by the mean absolute deviation of the relative excess risks across health services regions. For prostate cancer, the mean deviation across regions was 1.78 when adjusting for age and sex only, but decreased to 1.27 after further adjustment for tumour stage. For breast cancer, the corresponding mean deviations were 1.34 and 1.27. Additional adjustment for other prognostic factors did not materially change the regional variation in any of the other sites. Adjustment for tumour stage explained most of the regional variations in prostate cancer survival, but had little impact for other sites. Unexplained regional variations after adjusting for tumour stage, SES indicators, comorbidity and type of treatment in Norway may be related to regional inequalities in the quality of cancer care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Damgaard Skyrud
- Department of Registration, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Majorstuen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Freddie Bray
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | | | - Yngvar Nilssen
- Department of Registration, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Majorstuen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Møller
- Department of Registration, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Majorstuen, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Stornes T, Wibe A, Endreseth BH. Complications and risk prediction in treatment of elderly patients with rectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 2016; 31:87-93. [PMID: 26298183 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-015-2372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary aim of this study was to characterise complications, identify predictors of postoperative morbidity and mortality and to evaluate existing risk prediction models in elderly rectal cancer patients. METHODS An observational single-centre study of 330 consecutive patients >75 years treated in 1994-2006. Analyses were performed by age group: 75-79 years, 80-85 years and >85 years. RESULTS Total observed in-hospital morbidity was 48.7 %. In multivariate analysis, age (OR 1.04, 95 % CI 1.01-1.08, p = 0.04), ASA grade ≥ 3 (p = 0.01), acute presentation (OR 1.67, 95 % CI 1.2-13.2, p = 0.02) and major surgery (APR OR 3.72, 95 % CI 1.37-10.15, p = 0.01, LAR OR 2.98, 95 % CI 1.14-7.79, p = 0.03, Hartmann OR 5.46, 95 % CI 1.60-19.28, p = 0.02) were independent risk factors for postoperative morbidity. The 30-day mortality was 6.3, 6.4 and 14.3 % (p = 0.146) in the three age groups, and the 100-day mortality was 8.7, 10.1 and 22.2 % (p = 0.03), respectively. ASA group 3 (OR 6.21, 95 % CI 4.39-27.69, p = 0.017), ASA group 4 (OR 32.6, 95 % CI 5.12-207.75, p < 0.001) and acute presentation (OR 6.48, 95 % CI 1.62-25.99, p = 0.008) increased the risk of 100-day mortality. The Physiological and Operative Severity Score for enUmeration of Mortality and Morbidity (POSSUM) observed/estimated (O/E) ratio for morbidity was 1.05. For 30-day mortality, the colorectal POSSUM (Cr-POSSUM) O/E ratio was 0.74, Surgical Risk Scale 0.61 and the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (ACPGBI) mortality model 0.63, and for 100-day mortality, ratios were 1.12, 0.91 and 0.95, respectively. CONCLUSION In this series, age increased the risk of in-hospital morbidity and 100-day mortality. Cr-POSSUM, SRS and ACPGBI overestimated 30-day mortality but predicted 100-day mortality with a high degree of accuracy. POSSUM correctly predicted in-hospital morbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Stornes
- Department of Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, N-7006, Norway.
| | - A Wibe
- Department of Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, N-7006, Norway.,Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - B H Endreseth
- Department of Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, N-7006, Norway.,Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Comorbidity in Patients With Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Trends and Prognostic Impact. Clin Lung Cancer 2015; 16:282-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
15
|
Islam KMM, Jiang X, Anggondowati T, Lin G, Ganti AK. Comorbidity and Survival in Lung Cancer Patients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24:1079-85. [PMID: 26065838 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the population of the United States ages, there will be increasing numbers of lung cancer patients with comorbidities at diagnosis. Comorbid conditions are important factors in both the choice of the lung cancer treatment and outcomes. However, the impact of individual comorbid conditions on patient survival remains unclear. METHODS A population-based cohort study of 5,683 first-time diagnosed lung cancer patients was captured using the Nebraska Cancer Registry (NCR) linked with the Nebraska Hospital Discharge Data (NHDD) between 2005 and 2009. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the effect of comorbidities on the overall survival of patients stratified by stage and adjusting for age, race, sex, and histologic type. RESULTS Of these patients, 36.8% of them survived their first year after lung cancer diagnosis, with a median survival of 9.3 months for all stages combined. In this cohort, 26.7% of the patients did not have any comorbidity at diagnosis. The most common comorbid conditions were chronic pulmonary disease (52.5%), diabetes (15.7%), and congestive heart failure (12.9%). The adjusted overall survival of lung cancer patients was negatively associated with the existence of different comorbid conditions such as congestive heart failure, diabetes with complications, moderate or severe liver disease, dementia, renal disease, and cerebrovascular disease, depending on the stage. CONCLUSIONS The presence of comorbid conditions was associated with worse survival. Different comorbid conditions were associated with worse outcomes at different stages. IMPACT Future models for predicting lung cancer survival should take individual comorbid conditions into consideration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Monirul Islam
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
| | - Xiaqing Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Trisari Anggondowati
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Ge Lin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada. Joint Public Health Data Center, Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Apar Kishor Ganti
- Department of Internal Medicine, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska. Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tolerance and benefits of treatment for elderly patients with limited small-cell lung cancer. J Geriatr Oncol 2014; 5:71-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
17
|
Søgaard M, Thomsen RW, Bossen KS, Sørensen HT, Nørgaard M. The impact of comorbidity on cancer survival: a review. Clin Epidemiol 2013; 5:3-29. [PMID: 24227920 PMCID: PMC3820483 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s47150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A number of studies have shown poorer survival among cancer patients with comorbidity. Several mechanisms may underlie this finding. In this review we summarize the current literature on the association between patient comorbidity and cancer prognosis. Prognostic factors examined include tumor biology, diagnosis, treatment, clinical quality, and adherence. Methods All English-language articles published during 2002–2012 on the association between comorbidity and survival among patients with colon cancer, breast cancer, and lung cancer were identified from PubMed, MEDLINE and Embase. Titles and abstracts were reviewed to identify eligible studies and their main results were then extracted. Results Our search yielded more than 2,500 articles related to comorbidity and cancer, but few investigated the prognostic impact of comorbidity as a primary aim. Most studies found that cancer patients with comorbidity had poorer survival than those without comorbidity, with 5-year mortality hazard ratios ranging from 1.1 to 5.8. Few studies examined the influence of specific chronic conditions. In general, comorbidity does not appear to be associated with more aggressive types of cancer or other differences in tumor biology. Presence of specific severe comorbidities or psychiatric disorders were found to be associated with delayed cancer diagnosis in some studies, while chronic diseases requiring regular medical visits were associated with earlier cancer detection in others. Another finding was that patients with comorbidity do not receive standard cancer treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy as often as patients without comorbidity, and their chance of completing a course of cancer treatment is lower. Postoperative complications and mortality are higher in patients with comorbidity. It is unclear from the literature whether the apparent undertreatment reflects appropriate consideration of greater toxicity risk, poorer clinical quality, patient preferences, or poor adherence among patients with comorbidity. Conclusion Despite increasing recognition of the importance of comorbid illnesses among cancer patients, major challenges remain. Both treatment effectiveness and compliance appear compromised among cancer patients with comorbidity. Data on clinical quality is limited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mette Søgaard
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tashakkor AY, Moghaddamjou A, Chen L, Cheung WY. Predicting the risk of cardiovascular comorbidities in adult cancer survivors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:e360-70. [PMID: 24155634 DOI: 10.3747/co.20.1470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Data on how to identify cancer survivors (css) at the greatest risk for cardiovascular conditions are limited. We aimed to characterize the clinical factors associated with ischemic heart disease (ihd) and congestive heart failure (chf) in css and to develop a stratification schema for predicting the risk of cardiovascular comorbidities in css. METHODS Cancer survivors and non-cancer controls (nccs) were identified from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Independent factors associated with increased relative risk (rr) for cardiovascular conditions were determined. A risk stratification schema was devised that correlated risk score with the prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities in cs. RESULTS Baseline characteristics were similar for the 1869 css and 24,337 nccs included in the study. Compared with nccs, css were more likely to report ihd (13.7% vs. 5.2%), chf (7.9% vs. 2.1%), or both (4.2% vs. 1.2%; all p < 0.01). Based on multivariate analyses, risk factors for cardiovascular problems included ages 40-60 years (rr: 3.66; 95% ci: 1.87 to 7.17), 60-80 years (rr: 14.18; 95% ci: 7.65 to 26.30), and 80 years or older (rr: 25.34; 95% ci: 13.16 to 48.78); male sex (rr: 2.25; 95% ci: 1.72 to 2.94); U.S. citizenship (rr: 2.10; 95% ci: 1.08 to 4.08); annual incomes of $20,000-$45,000 (rr: 1.81; 95% ci: 1.21 to 2.70) and less than $20,000 (rr: 3.05; 95% ci: 1.81 to 5.14); comorbid diabetes mellitus (rr: 2.97; 95% ci: 2.05 to 4.32); and physical inactivity (rr: 1.98; 95% ci: 1.41 to 2.79). CONCLUSIONS Independent risk factors for ihd and chf in css were identified. The risk stratification schema presented here may be helpful in developing a risk-based approach to preventive cardiovascular strategies for css.
Collapse
|
19
|
Modest Improvements of Survival for Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer Aged 45 to 59 Years Only, Diagnosed in the Netherlands, 1989 to 2008. J Thorac Oncol 2012; 7:227-32. [DOI: 10.1097/jto.0b013e3182370e4c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
20
|
Zhou S, Huang Y, Zhao Z, Wang L. [Advances about treatment of small cell lung cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2011; 14:819-24. [PMID: 22008113 PMCID: PMC5999943 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2011.10.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Affiliated to Dalian University, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Janssen-Heijnen MLG, Maas HAAM, Siesling S, Koning CCE, Coebergh JWW, Groen HJM. Treatment and survival of patients with small-cell lung cancer: small steps forward, but not for patients >80. Ann Oncol 2011; 23:954-60. [PMID: 21690233 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seventy-five percent of newly diagnosed patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) are aged 60+ and quite a few are treated less aggressively because of fear of toxic effects. We described trends in treatment and survival of unselected SCLC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS For the present study, all 13,007 SCLC patients aged 60+ diagnosed in The Netherlands from 1997 to 2007 were included. RESULTS Among patients with limited disease, the proportion receiving chemoradiation increased from 35% to almost 60% for those aged 60-69, from 28% to 48% in age group 70-74, from 17% to 33% in age group 75-79, but remained <10% for those aged 80+. Among patients with extensive disease, the proportion receiving chemotherapy (CT) decreased from 81% of patients aged 60-64 to 23% of those aged 85+, without substantial changes over time. Survival has only improved for patients <80 years. CONCLUSIONS CT (+radiotherapy) has improved survival for unselected SCLC patients <80. A better understanding of the impact of frailty on completion of treatment and toxic effects among patients aged 80+ would enable the treating physician to anticipate toxic effects better and to discuss risks and benefits of treatment with the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M L G Janssen-Heijnen
- Department of Research, Eindhoven Cancer Registry, Comprehensive Cancer Centre South, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Janssen-Heijnen M, Maas H, van de Schans S, Coebergh J, Groen H. Chemotherapy in elderly small-cell lung cancer patients: yes we can, but should we do it? Ann Oncol 2011; 22:821-826. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdq448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
23
|
Lee L, Cheung WY, Atkinson E, Krzyzanowska MK. Impact of Comorbidity on Chemotherapy Use and Outcomes in Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review. J Clin Oncol 2011; 29:106-17. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.31.3049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The treatment of cancer in patients with comorbidities can be challenging as these individuals are underrepresented in clinical trials. We conducted a systematic review to determine the impact of comorbidity on chemotherapy use, delivery, tolerability, and survival among patients with solid tumors to summarize current data and provide recommendations for future research. Methods All English-language articles from 1990 to 2009 that explored the association between comorbidity and chemotherapy were identified from MEDLINE and EMBASE. Abstracts were reviewed for eligibility, and data on study design and results were extracted. Results Thirty-four articles met the inclusion criteria. Study populations and design were heterogeneous, and the quality of reporting was generally poor. Most studies were retrospective (76%), were based on a cancer registry linked with administrative data (47%), and assessed the overall effect of comorbidity using an index score (76%). Sixteen studies (47%) investigated chemotherapy use, and 29 (85%) addressed survival. The majority reported decreased chemotherapy use (75%) and inferior survival (69%) for patients with comorbidities compared to those without. In 11 of 14 studies, inferior survival was independent of treatment. Of the few studies that addressed chemotherapy tolerability, seven of 10 reported an increased rate of severe toxicity, and three of five reported increased treatment delays for patients with comorbidity. Conclusion Chemotherapy use and outcomes among cancer patients with comorbidities are generally inferior, but the existing evidence is limited and of insufficient quality to determine the relationship between decreased use and inferior survival. Further studies that are prospective and site and stage specific are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Lee
- From Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Winson Y. Cheung
- From Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Esther Atkinson
- From Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Monika K. Krzyzanowska
- From Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Janssen-Heijnen ML, Szerencsi K, van de Schans SA, Maas HA, Widdershoven JW, Coebergh JWW. Cancer patients with cardiovascular disease have survival rates comparable to cancer patients within the age-cohort of 10 years older without cardiovascular morbidity. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2010; 76:196-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2009.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 11/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
25
|
Balducci L, Colloca G, Cesari M, Gambassi G. Assessment and treatment of elderly patients with cancer. Surg Oncol 2010; 19:117-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2009.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
26
|
A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Outcomes of Patients Older Than or Equal to 80 Years with Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2010; 5:1081-7. [DOI: 10.1097/jto.0b013e3181de7173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
27
|
De Ruysscher D, Botterweck A, Dirx M, Pijls-Johannesma M, Wanders R, Hochstenbag M, Dingemans AMC, Bootsma G, Geraedts W, Simons J, Pitz C, Lambin P. Eligibility for concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy of locally advanced lung cancer patients: a prospective, population-based study. Ann Oncol 2009; 20:98-102. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdn559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
28
|
Barone BB, Yeh HC, Snyder CF, Peairs KS, Stein KB, Derr RL, Wolff AC, Brancati FL. Long-term all-cause mortality in cancer patients with preexisting diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2008; 300:2754-64. [PMID: 19088353 PMCID: PMC3093051 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2008.824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 662] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Diabetes mellitus appears to be a risk factor for some cancers, but the effect of preexisting diabetes on all-cause mortality in newly diagnosed cancer patients is less clear. OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing overall survival in cancer patients with and without preexisting diabetes. DATA SOURCES We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE through May 15, 2008, including references of qualifying articles. STUDY SELECTION English-language, original investigations in humans with at least 3 months of follow-up were included. Titles, abstracts, and articles were reviewed by at least 2 independent readers. Of 7858 titles identified in our original search, 48 articles met our criteria. DATA EXTRACTION One reviewer performed a full abstraction and other reviewers verified accuracy. We contacted authors and obtained additional information for 3 articles with insufficient reported data. RESULTS Studies reporting cumulative survival rates were summarized qualitatively. Studies reporting Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) or Poisson relative risks were combined in a meta-analysis. A random-effects model meta-analysis of 23 articles showed that diabetes was associated with an increased mortality HR of 1.41 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28-1.55) compared with normoglycemic individuals across all cancer types. Subgroup analyses by type of cancer showed increased risk for cancers of the endometrium (HR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.34-2.31), breast (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.46-1.78), and colorectum (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.24-1.41). CONCLUSIONS Patients diagnosed with cancer who have preexisting diabetes are at increased risk for long-term, all-cause mortality compared with those without diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bethany B Barone
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Winter MC, Potter VA, Woll PJ. Raised serum urea predicts for early death in small cell lung cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2008; 20:745-50. [PMID: 18845424 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2008.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2008] [Revised: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 09/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Previous studies have defined prognostic factors predicting a favourable response to treatment and long-term survival in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Here we sought specific pre-treatment features predicting early death in SCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS An exploratory cohort of 62 patients with poor prognosis SCLC and a separate confirmatory independent cohort of 152 unselected SCLC patients were identified to determine risk factors for early death, defined as within 8 weeks of diagnosis. RESULTS In an exploratory cohort of patients with poor prognosis SCLC, 46 received chemotherapy and 16 patients received no chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis of chemotherapy patients showed a raised serum urea to be predictive of early death - increasing the risk by 13-fold (odds ratio 13.3, 95% confidence interval=2.8-64). In a separate cohort of 152 unselected SCLC patients, 123 received chemotherapy and 29 did not. Logistic regression analysis of treated patients showed that performance status >2 (P=0.009), urea>upper limit of normal (P=0.01), neutrophil count >10 (P=0.024) and weight loss >10% (P=0.03) significantly contributed to the risk of early death. Of note, raised serum urea increased the risk of early death by 12-fold (odds ratio 11.8, 95% confidence interval=1.8-76.9). CONCLUSION We have shown that pre-treatment raised serum urea is a significant predictor of early death. This readily available information will be useful for assessing SCLC patients at the bedside and discussing the risks of chemotherapy with them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Winter
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Weston Park Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Menvielle G, Kunst A. Social inequalities in cancer incidence and cancer survival: Lessons from Danish studies. Eur J Cancer 2008; 44:1933-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2008] [Accepted: 06/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
31
|
Audisio RA, Pope D, Ramesh HSJ, Gennari R, van Leeuwen BL, West C, Corsini G, Maffezzini M, Hoekstra HJ, Mobarak D, Bozzetti F, Colledan M, Wildiers H, Stotter A, Capewell A, Marshall E. Shall we operate? Preoperative assessment in elderly cancer patients (PACE) can help. A SIOG surgical task force prospective study. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2007; 65:156-63. [PMID: 18082416 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2007.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2007] [Accepted: 11/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of elderly cancer patients do not receive standard surgery for solid tumors because they are considered unfit for treatment as a consequence of inaccurate estimation of the operative risk. To tailor treatment to onco-geriatric series, oncologists are now beginning to use a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). This study investigates the value of an extended CGA in assessing the suitability of elderly patients for surgical intervention. PATIENTS AND METHODS Preoperative assessment of cancer in the elderly (PACE) incorporates validated instruments including the CGA, an assessment of fatigue and performance status and an anaesthesiologist's evaluation of operative risk. An international prospective study was conducted using 460 consecutively recruited elderly cancer patients who received PACE prior to elective surgery. Mortality, post-operative complications (morbidity) and length of hospital stay were recorded up to 30 days after surgery. RESULTS Poor health in relation to disability (assessed using the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL)), fatigue and performance status (PS) were associated with a 50% increase in the relative risk of post-operative complications. Multivariate analysis identified moderate/severe fatigue, a dependent IADL and an abnormal PS as the most important independent predictors of post-surgical complications. Disability assessed by activities of daily living (ADL), IADL and PS were associated with an extended hospital stay. CONCLUSION PACE represents a valuable tool in enhancing the decision process concerning the candidacy of elderly cancer patients for surgical intervention and can reduce inappropriate age-related inequity in access to surgical intervention. It is recommended that PACE be used routinely in surgical practice.
Collapse
|
32
|
Jones LE, Doebbeling CC. Beyond the Traditional Prognostic Indicators: The Impact of Primary Care Utilization on Cancer Survival. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25:5793-9. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.13.6127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To our knowledge to date, the effect of primary care utilization on health outcomes in cancer patients has not been described. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of primary care utilization within 6 months of cancer diagnosis on survival in patients with lung cancer. Patients and Methods We used electronic medical record data (1997 to 2005) to identify male veterans with incident lung cancers (N = 323). Primary care utilization was assessed in the 6 months after cancer diagnosis. Patients were observed from cancer diagnosis to death or to last date of health care utilization (ie, censoring date). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models tested whether primary care utilization was associated with improved survival. Multivariate analyses adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics. Results During an average follow-up of 16.6 months, 259 patients died. In multivariate analysis, the risk of death was 36% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.64; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.90), 56% (HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.65), and 57% (HR, 0.43; 05% CI, 0.29 to 0.64) lower for patients who had one, two, or at least three primary care visits, respectively, in the first 6 months after cancer diagnosis as compared with those without primary care utilization. The median survival duration (P < .0001, log-rank test) was 3.68, 7.52, 13.88, and 13.75 months for patients with no, one, two, or at least three primary care visits, respectively. Conclusion Primary care utilization in the early phase of cancer treatment has a marked effect that results in a reduced mortality risk in patients with incident lung cancer. Additional research is required to determine how and why primary care utilization is an important prognostic indicator of prolonged survival in patients with lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Jones
- From the Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center of Excellence on Implementing Evidence-Based Practice; Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine; and Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Caroline Carney Doebbeling
- From the Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center of Excellence on Implementing Evidence-Based Practice; Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine; and Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC); any progress? EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(07)70074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|