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Immune infiltration could predict the efficacy of short-term radiotherapy in patients with cervical cancer. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2022; 25:1353-1367. [PMID: 36510039 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-03033-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is the main treatment for cervical cancer. It is usually applied alone or in combination with surgery and/or chemotherapy. To explore the association between immune microenvironment of cervical cancer and radiotherapy response, we collected 20 paired cervical cancer tumor samples before and after radiotherapy and partial clinical information. With paired-end RNA-seq, we quantified the immune infiltration and tumor purity of these samples, and obtained 6350 differentially expressed genes before and after radiotherapy. With the help of R language, the function enrichment analysis and 22 immune cells infiltration analysis were carried out. Moreover, we built a random forest model based on the immune microenvironment to predict the short-term efficacy of radiotherapy. We found that the effect of radiotherapy on the immune microenvironment of stage III and IV cervical cancer patients was weaker than that of stage I and II cervical cancer patients. Radiotherapy can significantly reduce the tumor purity and increase immune infiltration. The proportions of the immune infiltrating cells are predictive of the radiotherapy efficacy. In addition, the local mucositis caused by radiotherapy can improve the curative effect of radiotherapy.
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Meattini I, Livi L, Lorito N, Becherini C, Bacci M, Visani L, Fozza A, Belgioia L, Loi M, Mangoni M, Lambertini M, Morandi A. Integrating radiation therapy with targeted treatments for breast cancer: from bench to bedside. Cancer Treat Rev 2022; 108:102417. [PMID: 35623219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Patel RR, Verma V, Barsoumian HB, Ning MS, Chun SG, Tang C, Chang JY, Lee PP, Gandhi S, Balter P, Dunn JD, Chen D, Puebla-Osorio N, Cortez MA, Welsh JW. Use of Multi-Site Radiation Therapy for Systemic Disease Control. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 109:352-364. [PMID: 32798606 PMCID: PMC10644952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic cancer is a heterogeneous entity, some of which could benefit from local consolidative radiation therapy (RT). Although randomized evidence is growing in support of using RT for oligometastatic disease, a highly active area of investigation relates to whether RT could benefit patients with polymetastatic disease. This article highlights the preclinical and clinical rationale for using RT for polymetastatic disease, proposes an exploratory framework for selecting patients best suited for these types of treatments, and briefly reviews potential challenges. The goal of this hypothesis-generating review is to address personalized multimodality systemic treatment for patients with metastatic cancer. The rationale for using high-dose RT is primarily for local control and immune activation in either oligometastatic or polymetastatic disease. However, the primary application of low-dose RT is to activate distinct antitumor immune pathways and modulate the tumor stroma in efforts to better facilitate T cell infiltration. We explore clinical cases involving high- and low-dose RT to demonstrate the potential efficacy of such treatment. We then group patients by extent of disease burden to implement high- and/or low-dose RT. Patients with low-volume disease may receive high-dose RT to all sites as part of an oligometastatic paradigm. Subjects with high-volume disease (for whom standard of care remains palliative RT only) could be treated with a combination of high-dose RT to a few sites for immune activation, while receiving low-dose RT to several remaining lesions to enhance systemic responses from high-dose RT and immunotherapy. We further discuss how emerging but speculative concepts such as immune function may be integrated into this approach and examine therapies currently under investigation that may help address immune deficiencies. The review concludes by addressing challenges in using RT for polymetastatic disease, such as concerns about treatment planning workflows, treatment times, dose constraints for multiple-isocenter treatments, and economic considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshal R Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Vivek Verma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hampartsoum B Barsoumian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Matthew S Ning
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Stephen G Chun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Chad Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joe Y Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Percy P Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Saumil Gandhi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Peter Balter
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joe Dan Dunn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nahum Puebla-Osorio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Maria Angelica Cortez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - James W Welsh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Fiorentino A, Gregucci F, Desideri I, Fiore M, Marino L, Errico A, Di Rito A, Borghetti P, Franco P, Greto D, Donato V. Radiation treatment for adult rare cancers: Oldest and newest indication. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 159:103228. [PMID: 33508447 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Aim of this analysis is to review the role of RT in the management of several rare tumors for adult patients. METHODS Collection data regarding RT and rare tumors was made by Pubmed. RESULTS For mucosal melanomas, RT is prescribed, being associated with lower local recurrence rate. For trachea tumors, RT was used as adjuvant or salvage treatment for unresectable disease. For pNET, RT can be a suitable option for post-surgical or unresectable/borderline. For bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors the role of adjuvant treatments is uncertain. For hepatobiliary and ovarian malignancy, stereotactic body RT (SBRT) is a promising approach. For soft tissue sarcoma, perioperative treatments are indicated, and a growing role of SBRT in oligometastatic disease is recognized. For endocrine tumors, adjuvant RT has demonstrated benefits through reducing recurrence risk. CONCLUSION The radiotherapy is a frequent indication in adult rare cancers; thus the role of Radiation Oncologist must not be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Fiorentino
- Radiation Oncology Department, "F. Miulli" General Regional Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabiana Gregucci
- Radiation Oncology Department, "F. Miulli" General Regional Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy.
| | - Isacco Desideri
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Radiation Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Fiore
- Radiation Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Marino
- Radiation Oncology Department, Humanitas Istituto Clinico Catanese, Misterbianco, Catania, Italy
| | - Angelo Errico
- Radiotherapy Oncology Department, R. Dimiccoli Hospital, Barletta, Italy
| | - Alessia Di Rito
- Radiotherapy Oncology Department, IRCCS "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Borghetti
- Radiation Oncology Department University and Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Greto
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Radiation Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Vittorio Donato
- Radiation Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo-Forlanini, Roma, Italy
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Zhang Md J, Zhang Md L, Yang Md Y, Liu Md Q, Ma Md H, Huang Md A, Zhao Md Y, Xia Md Z, Liu Md T, Wu Md G. Polymorphonuclear-MDSCs Facilitate Tumor Regrowth After Radiation by Suppressing CD8 + T Cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 109:1533-1546. [PMID: 33238192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation therapy (RT) is widely used in the treatment of cancer. Unfortunately, RT alone is insufficient to control the disease in most cases, as regrowth after irradiation still occur. Thus, it would be meaningful to explore the underlying mechanism of tumor regrowth after irradiation. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) contribute to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and hinder the therapeutic efficacy of RT. However, it is unclear whether MDSCs-mediated immune suppression contributes to local relapse after irradiation. In this article, we tried to figure out how MDSCs sabotage the therapeutic effect of RT, and tried to determine the potential synergistic effect of combination between targeting MDSCs and RT. METHODS AND MATERIALS A syngeneic murine model of Lewis lung cancer was used. The abundance of tumor infiltrating MDSCs and tumor growth after irradiation was assessed. The percentage and functional state of CD8+ T cells were measured by flow cytometry, with or without polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSCs depletion. Arginase 1 (ARG1) expression and activity of MDSCs were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and flow cytometry. ARG1 inhibitor and phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor sildenafil were administered after RT to figure out the underlying mechanism of MDSCs-mediated immunosuppression. RESULTS We demonstrated that irradiation recruited MDSCs, especially the polymorphonuclear subset, into the tumor microenvironment. PMN-MDSCs inhibited the CD8+ T cell response by elevating ARG1 expression. Selective depletion of PMN-MDSCs or inhibition on ARG1 promoted the infiltration and activation of intratumoral CD8+ T cells, and delayed tumor regrowth after irradiation. We showed that sildenafil reduced the accumulation and ARG1 expression of PMN-MDSCs after irradiation, thus abrogating the MDSCs-mediated immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS Our results have suggested that PMN-MDSCs participate in the irradiation-induced immune suppression through ARG1 activation. We have also found that sildenafil has the potential to facilitate antitumor immunity, which provides a new alternative to delay tumor recurrence after RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Zhang Md
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Liling Zhang Md
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuhui Yang Md
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qing Liu Md
- Oncology Department, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Hong Ma Md
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ai Huang Md
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yanxia Zhao Md
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zihan Xia Md
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Tao Liu Md
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Gang Wu Md
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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李 娴, 李 姗, 庞 金, 黄 富, 郭 滨, 刘 浩. [Alkaline processing of cantharidin can significanty improve the antitumor activity of cantharidin]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:1332-1339. [PMID: 32990225 PMCID: PMC7544588 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.09.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the changes in the effects of cantharides after alkaline processing on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of human lung cancer A549 cells. METHODS Human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells were treated with cantharis extract (CTE) from raw cantharides and alkali processed cantharis extract (ACE). The proliferation of the cells was detected with CCK-8 assay, and the cell migration and invasion were assessed using wound healing assay and Transwell assay, respectively. The expressions of MMP1 and MMP2 in the cells were detected using Western blotting, the contents of IFN-γ, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured with ELISA, and cell apoptosis was analyzed with annexinV/PI fluorescent staining. RESULTS Both CTE and ACE significantly reduced the viability and inhibited the migration of A549 cells, and high-dose ACE produced a significantly stronger inhibitory effect on cell migration than high- dose CTE (P < 0.01). ACE showed more potent inhibitory effect than CTE on the invasion of A549 cells (P < 0.01). Both CTE and ACE inhibited the expressions of MMP1 and MMP2 and up-regulated the level of IFN-γ without significantly affecting the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. Annexin V/PI staining showed that both CTE and ACE caused apoptosis of A549 cells, but ACE had a stronger proapoptotic effect. CONCLUSIONS Processing with sodium hydroxide can significantly improve the antitumor activity of cantharides, which inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 cells possibly by down-regulating the expressions of MMP1 and MMP2, promoting apoptosis and increasing the level of IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- 娴 李
- 蚌埠医学院药学院,安徽 蚌埠 2330302School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 2330302, China
- 中药饮片制造新技术安徽省重点实验室,安徽 亳州 236800Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology of Chinese Herbal Pieces Manufacturing, Bozhou 236800, China
- 安徽协和成药业饮片有限公司博士后工作站,安徽 亳州 236800Postdoctoral Workstation of Anhui Xiehecheng Pharmaceutical Yinpian Co Ltd, Bozhou 236800, China
| | - 姗姗 李
- 蚌埠医学院药学院,安徽 蚌埠 2330302School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 2330302, China
| | - 金龙 庞
- 蚌埠医学院药学院,安徽 蚌埠 2330302School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 2330302, China
| | - 富豪 黄
- 蚌埠医学院药学院,安徽 蚌埠 2330302School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 2330302, China
| | - 滨 郭
- 蚌埠医学院药学院,安徽 蚌埠 2330302School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 2330302, China
| | - 浩 刘
- 蚌埠医学院药学院,安徽 蚌埠 2330302School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 2330302, China
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Liang H, Shen X. LXR activation radiosensitizes non-small cell lung cancer by restricting myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 528:330-335. [PMID: 32448508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is an important radical treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, radioresistance greatly impairs the efficacy of this therapy in the clinic. Radioresistance can be caused by radiation-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) infiltration. Liver-X nuclear receptor (LXR) agonists have demonstrated potent antitumor activity in preclinic animal models. Here, we report for the first time that LXR agonists, GW3965 and RGX-104, radiosensitized NSCLC in a subcutaneous homograft murine model. LXR activation significantly reduced MDSC abundance in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Treatment with RGX-104 greatly promoted MDSC apoptosis in vitro. Depleting MDSC activated cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and T-helper 1 (Th1) responses in the TME. In conclusion, the immunosuppressive effects of radiotherapy can be abrogated partly with an LXR agonist by depleting MDSC, which sensitizes NSCLC to RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaizhen Liang
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoli Shen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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8
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Cecchin E, De Mattia E, Dreussi E, Montico M, Palazzari E, Navarria F, Bergamo F, Belluco C, Quartuccio L, De Vita S, Canzonieri V, Gagno S, Zanusso C, Buonadonna A, Pucciarelli S, De Paoli A, Toffoli G. Immunogenetic markers in IL17F predict the risk of metastases spread and overall survival in rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2020; 149:30-37. [PMID: 32387487 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The role of the immune system in tumor response to chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) is an emerging issue. This work aimed at identifying predictive and prognostic immunogenetic variants in LARC patients after preoperative (po)-CRT and surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A set of 192 polymorphisms in 34 candidate genes involved in the regulation of the immune response signalling network, was selected and analyzed in 370 LARC patients treated with po-CRT and surgery, split into a Test Set (n = 233) and a Validation Set (n = 137). Immunogenetic markers were selected based on a concordant significant effect on 2-year relapse-free survival (2-yrRFS) (bootstrapped P < 0.05) in both patients Sets. The effect of the selected immunogenetic variants on 5-year metastases-free (5yrMFS), 5-year disease-free (5yrDFS), and 10-year overall (10yrOS) survival was tested in the entire Set of 370 patients. RESULTS Two immunogenetic IL17F (IL17F-rs641701 and IL17F-rs9463772) markers predictive of 2yrRFS, 5yrDFS, 5yrMFS, and 10yrOS were identified. The combination of tumor regression grade (TRG) and patients genotype for IL17F-rs641701 and IL17F-rs9463772 allowed the identification of subgroups of patients with differential prognosis in term of both 5yrDFS (HR 11.29, P-value <0.001, and HR 5.86, P-value = 0.001, respectively) and 10yrOS (HR 7.07, P-value = 0.005, and HR 6.05, P-value = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSION IL17F-rs641701 and IL17F-rs9463772 were highlighted as promising immunogenetic markers significantly associated with the prognosis of LARC patients. After a prospective validation of the herein reported findings, the combination of TRG and patients genotype should be considered to provide additional stratification criteria for the selection of a personalized multimodality treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Cecchin
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.
| | - Elena De Mattia
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Eva Dreussi
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Marcella Montico
- Scientific Direction, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Elisa Palazzari
- Radiation Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Federico Navarria
- Radiation Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Belluco
- Surgical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Luca Quartuccio
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), Rheumatology Clinic, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine (UD), Italy
| | - Salvatore De Vita
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), Rheumatology Clinic, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine (UD), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy; Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Gagno
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Chiara Zanusso
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Angela Buonadonna
- Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | | | - Antonino De Paoli
- Radiation Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
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Bonomo P, Lucidi S, Desideri I, Scotti V, Casati M, Palomba A, Ciabatti C, Garlatti P, Massi D, Gallo O, Livi L. Re-irradiation for oligoprogression under Nivolumab in recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A case report. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2020; 23:16-19. [PMID: 32368625 PMCID: PMC7186263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a new option for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Very limited data are available for concurrent radio-immunotherapy in recurrent disease. Our case report adds to this very limited series, focusing on oligopression under immunotherapy.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represent a recently introduced class of agents active in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). For a subgroup of patients with recurrent or metastatic disease, long-term benefit can be achieved: maintaining a sustained response to immunotherapy is therefore a critical factor for its efficacy at an individual level. In analogy to targeted agents, a limited pattern of progression, or “oligoprogression”, can occur. For locally recurrent HNSCC, the potential biologic interplay between the efficacy of ICIs and the design of radiation fields chosen for primary treatment is currently unknown. Here, we report on a patient who presented two subsequent oligoprogressions successfully treated with re-irradiation without interrupting Nivolumab. Both oligoprogressive lesions developed in previously unirradiated areas. We hypothesize the existence of a synergistic effect with optimal spatial cooperation between ICIs and re-irradiation for oligoprogressive disease under immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Bonomo
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Lucidi
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Isacco Desideri
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Vieri Scotti
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marta Casati
- Medical Physics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Annarita Palomba
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ciabatti
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pietro Garlatti
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Massi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Oreste Gallo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Livi
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Ellerin BE, Demandante CGN, Martins JT. Pure abscopal effect of radiotherapy in a salivary gland carcinoma: Case report, literature review, and a search for new approaches. Cancer Radiother 2020; 24:226-246. [PMID: 32192840 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of an 84-year-old woman with poorly differentiated non-small cell carcinoma of the right parotid who presented with headache, was found to have a primary right parotid gland cancer as well as metastatic disease, and underwent palliative radiotherapy to the primary site. The patient received no chemotherapy or immunotherapy, but both the primary site and several non-irradiated foci in the lungs regressed or completely resolved. The patient remained free of disease for about one year before progression. The case is a rare instance of abscopal regression of metastatic disease in the absence of pharmacologic immunomodulation. A literature review surveys the history of the abscopal effect of radiation therapy, attempts to understand the mechanisms of its successes and failures, and points to new approaches that can inform and improve the outcomes of radioimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J T Martins
- UT Health HOPE Cancer Center, Tyler, TX 75701, USA
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11
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Loi M, Nuyttens JJ, Desideri I, Greto D, Livi L. Single-Fraction Radiotherapy (SFRT) For Bone Metastases: Patient Selection And Perspectives. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:9397-9408. [PMID: 31807069 PMCID: PMC6842277 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s186630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases are a frequent and important source of morbidity in cancer patients. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is an established treatment option for local control and pain relief of bone metastases, and it is increasingly used as upfront treatment, postoperative consolidation or salvage treatment after prior RT. However, heterogeneity of dose schedules described in literature represents a severe limitation in the definition of the role of SBRT as a standard of care. No consensus is available on the use of single versus multiple fraction SBRT for bone metastases. Advantages of single-fraction SBRT include shorter overall duration of treatment, absence of inter-fraction uncertainty, improved compliance, theoretical increased efficacy, and lower costs. However, caution has been advised due to reports of severe late toxicities, in particular, vertebral collapse fracture (VCF). The aim of this paper is to review dose fractionation and indications for the management of bone metastases using SBRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Loi
- Radiotherapy Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Joost J Nuyttens
- Radiotherapy Department, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isacco Desideri
- Radiotherapy Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Greto
- Radiotherapy Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Livi
- Radiotherapy Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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12
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Patente TA, Pinho MP, Oliveira AA, Evangelista GCM, Bergami-Santos PC, Barbuto JAM. Human Dendritic Cells: Their Heterogeneity and Clinical Application Potential in Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3176. [PMID: 30719026 PMCID: PMC6348254 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen presenting cells, uniquely able to induce naïve T cell activation and effector differentiation. They are, likewise, involved in the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance in homeostatic conditions. Their phenotypic and functional heterogeneity points to their great plasticity and ability to modulate, according to their microenvironment, the acquired immune response and, at the same time, makes their precise classification complex and frequently subject to reviews and improvement. This review will present general aspects of the DC physiology and classification and will address their potential and actual uses in the management of human disease, more specifically cancer, as therapeutic and monitoring tools. New combination treatments with the participation of DC will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago A Patente
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Pinho
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline A Oliveira
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela C M Evangelista
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia C Bergami-Santos
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José A M Barbuto
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Discipline of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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13
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Cun-Jin S, Jian-Hao X, Xu L, Feng-Lun Z, Jie P, Ai-Ming S, Duan-Min H, Yun-Li Y, Tong L, Yu-Song Z. X-ray induces mechanical and heat allodynia in mouse via TRPA1 and TRPV1 activation. Mol Pain 2019; 15:1744806919849201. [PMID: 31012378 PMCID: PMC6509987 DOI: 10.1177/1744806919849201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy-related pain is a common adverse reaction with a high incidence among cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and remarkably reduces the quality of life. However, the mechanisms of ionizing radiation-induced pain are largely unknown. In this study, mice were treated with 20 Gy X-ray to establish ionizing radiation-induced pain model. X-ray evoked a prolonged mechanical, heat, and cold allodynia in mice. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 were significantly upregulated in lumbar dorsal root ganglion. The mechanical and heat allodynia could be transiently reverted by intrathecal injection of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 antagonist capsazepine and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 antagonist HC-030031. Additionally, the phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) and Jun NH2-terminal Kinase (JNK) in pain neural pathway were induced by X-ray treatment. Our findings indicated that activation of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 is essential for the development of X-ray-induced allodynia. Furthermore, our findings suggest that targeting on transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 may be promising prevention strategies for X-ray-induced allodynia in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Cun-Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xu Jian-Hao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liu Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhao Feng-Lun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pan Jie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shi Ai-Ming
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hu Duan-Min
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Yun-Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liu Tong
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Zhang Yu-Song
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Abstract
In 2012, cancer affected 14.1 million people worldwide and was responsible for 8.2 million deaths. The disease predominantly affects aged populations and is one of the leading causes of death in most western countries. In tumors, the aggressive growth of the neoplastic cell population and associated overexpression of pro-angiogenic factors lead to the development of disorganized blood vessel networks that are structurally and functionally different from normal vasculature. A disorganized labyrinth of vessels that are immature, tortuous and hyperpermeable typifies tumor vasculature. Functionally, the ability of the tumor vasculature to deliver nutrients and remove waste products is severely diminished. A critical consequence of the inadequate vascular networks in solid tumors is the development of regions of hypoxia [low oxygen tensions typically defined as oxygen tensions (pO2 values) < 10 mm Hg]. Tumor cells existing in such hypoxic environments have long been known to be resistant to anticancer therapy, display an aggressive phenotype, and promote tumor progression and dissemination. This review discusses the physiological basis of hypoxia, methods of detection, and strategies to overcome the resulting therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica S Hughes
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Cancer Genetic Research Complex , Gainesville, FL , USA
| | - Jennifer M Wiggins
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Cancer Genetic Research Complex , Gainesville, FL , USA
| | - Dietmar W Siemann
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Cancer Genetic Research Complex , Gainesville, FL , USA
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Rückert M, Deloch L, Fietkau R, Frey B, Hecht M, Gaipl US. Immune modulatory effects of radiotherapy as basis for well-reasoned radioimmunotherapies. Strahlenther Onkol 2018; 194:509-519. [PMID: 29500551 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-018-1287-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy (RT) has been known for decades as a local treatment modality for malign and benign disease. In order to efficiently exploit the therapeutic potential of RT, an understanding of the immune modulatory properties of ionizing radiation is mandatory. These should be used for improvement of radioimmunotherapies for cancer in particular. METHODS We here summarize the latest research and review articles about immune modulatory properties of RT, with focus on radiation dose and on combination of RT with selected immunotherapies. Based on the knowledge of the manifold immune mechanisms that are triggered by RT, thought-provoking impulse for multimodal radioimmunotherapies is provided. RESULTS It has become obvious that ionizing radiation induces various forms of cell death and associated processes via DNA damage initiation and triggering of cellular stress responses. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is of special interest since it activates the immune system via release of danger signals and via direct activation of immune cells. While RT with higher single doses in particular induces ICD, RT with a lower dose is mainly responsible for immune cell recruitment and for attenuation of an existing inflammation. The counteracting immunosuppression emanating from tumor cells can be overcome by combining RT with selected immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibition, TGF-β inhibitors, and boosting of immunity with vaccination. CONCLUSION In order to exploit the full power of RT and thereby develop efficient radioimmunotherapies, the dose per fraction used in RT protocols, the fractionation, the quality, and the quantity of certain immunotherapies need to be qualitatively and chronologically well-matched to the individual immune status of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rückert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 27, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa Deloch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 27, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 27, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 27, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Hecht
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 27, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Udo S Gaipl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 27, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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