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Zhu LW, Li Z, Dong X, Wu H, Cheng Y, Xia S, Bao X, Xu Y, Cao R. Ficolin-A induces macrophage polarization to a novel pro-inflammatory phenotype distinct from classical M1. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:271. [PMID: 38750493 PMCID: PMC11094856 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01571-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages are key inflammatory immune cells that orchestrate the initiation and progression of autoimmune diseases. The characters of macrophage in diseases are determined by its phenotype in response to the local microenvironment. Ficolins have been confirmed as crucial contributors to autoimmune diseases, with Ficolin-2 being particularly elevated in patients with autoimmune diseases. However, whether Ficolin-A stimulates macrophage polarization is still poorly understood. METHODS We investigated the transcriptomic expression profile of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) stimulated with Ficolin-A using RNA-sequencing. To further confirm a distinct phenotype activated by Ficolin-A, quantitative RT-PCR and Luminex assay were performed in this study. Additionally, we assessed the activation of underlying cell signaling pathways triggered by Ficolin-A. Finally, the impact of Ficolin-A on macrophages were investigated in vivo through building Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt (DSS)-induced colitis mouse models with Fcna-/- mice. RESULTS Ficolin-A activated macrophages into a pro-inflammatory phenotype distinct to LPS-, IFN-γ- and IFN-γ + LPS-induced phenotypes. The transcriptomic profile induced by Ficolin-A was primarily characterized by upregulation of interleukins, chemokines, iNOS, and Arginase 1, along with downregulation of CD86 and CD206, setting it apart from the M1 and M2 phenotypes. The activation effect of Ficolin-A on macrophages deteriorated the symptoms of CIA and DSS mouse models, and the deletion of Fcna significantly alleviated the severity of diseases in mice. CONCLUSION Our work used transcriptomic analysis by RNA-Seq to investigate the impact of Ficolin-A on macrophage polarization. Our findings demonstrate that Ficolin-A induces a novel pro-inflammatory phenotype distinct to the phenotypes activated by LPS, IFN-γ and IFN-γ + LPS on macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zihao Li
- Department of Neurology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xiaohong Dong
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huadong Wu
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifan Cheng
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengnan Xia
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Runjing Cao
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Klag KA, Round JL. Microbiota-Immune Interactions Regulate Metabolic Disease. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 207:1719-1724. [PMID: 34544814 PMCID: PMC9105212 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases are common worldwide and include diseases of overnutrition, such as obesity, or undernutrition, such as kwashiorkor. Both the immune system and the microbiota contribute to a variety of metabolic diseases; however, these two processes have largely been studied independently of one another in this context. The gastrointestinal system houses the greatest density of microbes but also houses one of the largest collections of immune molecules, especially Abs. The IgA isotype dominates the Ab landscape at mucosal sites, and a number of studies have demonstrated the importance of this Ab to the stability of the microbiota. In this article, we review the literature that demonstrates how homeostatic Ab responses control microbiota composition and function to influence metabolic disease. We propose that many metabolic diseases may arise from disruptions to homeostatic immune control of gut commensals and that further understanding this interaction can offer a novel opportunity for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra A Klag
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; and
| | - June L Round
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; and .,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
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Wang P, Wu Q, Shuai ZW. Emerging role of ficolins in autoimmune diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 163:105266. [PMID: 33127557 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ficolins are pattern-recognition molecules (PRMs) that could form complexes with mannose-binding lectin-associated serine proteases (MASPs) to trigger complement activation via the lectin pathway, thereby mediating a series of immune responses including opsonization, phagocytosis and cytokine production. In the past few decades, accumulating evidence have suggested that ficolins play a major role in the onset and development of several autoimmune diseases (ADs), including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), Type 1 diabetes (T1D), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), etc. In this review, we synthesized previous literatures and recent advances to elucidate the immunological regulations of ficolins and discuss the potential diagnostic ability of ficolins in ADs, as well as giving an insight into the future therapeutic options for ficolins in ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Soochow University Medical College, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230016, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230016, Anhui, China
| | - Zong-Wen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230016, Anhui, China.
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Catarino SJ, Andrade FA, Bavia L, Guilherme L, Messias-Reason IJ. Ficolin-3 in rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. Immunol Lett 2020; 229:27-31. [PMID: 33232720 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatic fever (RF) and chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are complications of oropharyngeal infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Despite the importance of the complement system against infections and autoimmunity diseases, studies on the role of the lectin pathway in RF and RHD are scarce. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the association of ficolin-3 serum levels, FCN3 polymorphisms and haplotypes with the susceptibility to RF and RHD. We investigated 179 patients with a history of RF (126 RHD and 53 RF only) and 170 healthy blood donors as control group. Ficolin-3 serum concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Three FCN3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs rs532781899, rs28362807 and rs4494157) were genotyped through the sequence-specific PCR method. Lower ficolin-3 serum levels were observed in RF patients when compared to controls (12.81 μg/mL vs. 18.14 μg/mL respectively, p < 0.0001, OR 1.22 [1.12-1.34]), and in RHD in comparison to RF only (RFo) (12.72 μg/mL vs. 14.29 μg/mL respectively, p = 0.016, OR 1.38 [1.06-1.80]). Low ficolin-3 levels (<10.7 μg/mL) were more common in patients (39.5 %, 30/76) than controls (20.6 %, 13/63, p = 0.018, OR = 2.51 [1.14-5.31]), and in RHD (44.4 %, 28/63) than RFo (15.4 %, 2/13, p = 0.007, OR = 3.08 [1.43-6.79]). On the other hand, FCN3 polymorphism/haplotypes were not associated with ficolin-3 serum levels or the disease. Low ficolin-3 levels might be associated with RF, being a potential marker of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Jeremias Catarino
- Molecular Immunopathology Laboratory, Department of Medical Pathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Antunes Andrade
- Molecular Immunopathology Laboratory, Department of Medical Pathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Lorena Bavia
- Molecular Immunopathology Laboratory, Department of Medical Pathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Luiza Guilherme
- Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iara Jose Messias-Reason
- Molecular Immunopathology Laboratory, Department of Medical Pathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
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Li Q, Lin Y. Evaluation of Ficolin-3 as a Potential Prognostic Serum Biomarker in Chinese Patients with Esophageal Cancer. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 23:565-572. [PMID: 31373851 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2019.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Ficolin-3 is a circulating pattern recognition molecule of the lectin pathway, which participates in the host immune responses to cancer. Our study aimed to evaluate the prognostic efficacy of ficolin-3 in patients with esophageal cancer (EC). Methods: A total of 233 patients with EC were recruited for this study during a period from March 2013 to March 2016. Clinical information and pretherapeutic tumor specimens from all of the patients were analyzed. Serum ficolin-3 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients were then assigned into quartiles according to their serum ficolin-3 levels. The Cox proportional hazards model was utilized to explore the correlation between ficolin-3 levels with overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Results: The serum ficolin-3 level in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) group was significantly higher than in the esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) group (19.59 ± 4.35 ng/mL vs. 18.39 ± 5.42 ng/mL, p < 0.01). There were great differences in prevalence of ESCC, tumor length, involvement of adventitia, and lymph node status among patients in different ficolin-3 groups (all p < 0.01). Both univariate analyses and further multivariate analyses revealed the close association between ficolin-3 levels and EAC (For OS and DSS, all p < 0.05). Out of 233 patients, survival information was available for 220, including 100 (45.45%) females and 120 (54.54%) males. When dividing the ficolin-3 levels into quartiles, patients with higher serum ficolin-3 levels showed a trend toward longer OS and DSS no matter whether they were diagnosed as ESCC or EAC (HR 0.21-0.55, all p < 0.05). Conclusions: Serum ficolin-3 levels were identified as an independent prognostic biomarker for DSS and OS in Chinese patients with EC, especially EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingquan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, People's Hospital of Xixian, Xinyang, P.R. China
| | - Yurong Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, People's Hospital of Xixian, Xinyang, P.R. China
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Di Narzo AF, Brodmerkel C, Telesco SE, Argmann C, Peters LA, Li K, Kidd B, Dudley J, Cho J, Schadt EE, Kasarskis A, Dobrin R, Hao K. High-Throughput Identification of the Plasma Proteomic Signature of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2019; 13:462-471. [PMID: 30445421 PMCID: PMC6441306 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] and its two subtypes, ulcerative colitis [UC] and Crohn's disease [CD], have been carefully investigated at genome and transcriptome levels. Recent advances in high-throughput proteome quantification has enabled comprehensive large-scale plasma proteomics studies of IBD. METHODS The study used two cohorts: [1] The CERTIFI-cohort: 42 samples from the CERTIFI trial of anti-TNFα-refractory CD patients; [2] the PROgECT-UNITI-HCs cohort: 46 UC samples of the PROgECT study, 84 CD samples of the UNITI I and UNITI II studies, and 72 healthy controls recruited in Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA. The plasma proteome for these two cohorts was quantified using high-throughput platforms. RESULTS For the PROgECT-UNITI-HCs cohort, we measured a total of 1310 proteins. Of these, 493 proteins showed different plasma levels in IBD patients to the plasma levels in controls at 10% false discovery rate [FDR], among which 11 proteins had a fold change greater than 2. The proteins upregulated in IBD were associated with immunity functionality, whereas the proteins downregulated in IBD were associated with nutrition and metabolism. The proteomic profiles were very similar between UC and CD. In the CERTIFI cohort, 1014 proteins were measured, and it was found that the plasma protein level had little correlation with the blood or intestine transcriptomes. CONCLUSIONS We report the largest proteomics study to date on IBD and controls. A large proportion of plasma proteins are altered in IBD, which provides insights into the disease aetiology and indicates a potential for biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio F Di Narzo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Carmen Argmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren A Peters
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, USA
| | | | - Brian Kidd
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joel Dudley
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judy Cho
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Andrew Kasarskis
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Andrade FA, Beltrame MH, Bini VB, Gonçalves LB, Boldt ABW, de Messias-Reason IJ. Association of a new FCN3 haplotype with high ficolin-3 levels in leprosy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005409. [PMID: 28241035 PMCID: PMC5344521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leprosy is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that mainly affects the skin and peripheral nervous system, leading to a high disability rate and social stigma. Previous studies have shown a contribution of genes encoding products of the lectin pathway of complement in the modulation of the susceptibility to leprosy; however, the ficolin-3/FCN3 gene impact on leprosy is currently unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate if FCN3 polymorphisms (rs532781899: g.1637delC, rs28362807: g.3524_3532insTATTTGGCC and rs4494157: g.4473C>A) and ficolin-3 serum levels play a role in the susceptibility to leprosy. We genotyped up to 190 leprosy patients (being 114 (60%) lepromatous), and up to 245 controls with sequence-specific PCR. We also measured protein levels using ELISA in 61 leprosy and 73 controls. FCN3 polymorphisms were not associated with disease, but ficolin-3 levels were higher in patients with FCN3 *2B1 (CinsA) haplotype (p = 0.032). Median concentration of ficolin-3 was higher in leprosy per se (26034 ng/mL, p = 0.005) and lepromatous patients (28295 ng/mL, p = 0.016) than controls (18231 ng/mL). In addition, high ficolin-3 levels (>33362 ng/mL) were more common in leprosy per se (34.4%) and in lepromatous patients (35.5%) than controls (19.2%; p = 0.045 and p = 0.047, respectively). Our results lead us to suggest that polymorphisms in the FCN3 gene cooperate to increase ficolin-3 concentration and that it might contribute to leprosy susceptibility by favoring M. leprae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Antunes Andrade
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Pathology, HC/UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcia Holsbach Beltrame
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Pathology, HC/UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Valéria Bumiller Bini
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Angelica Beate Winter Boldt
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Pathology, HC/UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Iara Jose de Messias-Reason
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Pathology, HC/UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Complement is well appreciated to be a potent innate immune defense against microbes and is important in the housekeeping act of removal of apoptotic and effete cells. It is also understood that hyperactivation of complement, or the lack of regulators, may underlie chronic inflammatory diseases. A pipeline of products to intervene in complement activation, some already in clinical use, is being studied in various chronic inflammatory diseases. To date, the role of complement in inflammatory bowel disease has not received a lot of research interest. Novel genetically modified laboratory animals and experiments using antagonists to complement effector molecules have kindled important research observations implicating the complement system in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis. We review the evidence base for the role and potential therapeutic manipulation of the complement cascade in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Schaffer T, Schoepfer AM, Seibold F. Serum ficolin-2 correlates worse than fecal calprotectin and CRP with endoscopic Crohn's disease activity. J Crohns Colitis 2014; 8:1125-32. [PMID: 24636141 DOI: 10.1016/j.crohns.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Ficolin-2 is an acute phase reactant produced by the liver and targeted to recognize N-acetyl-glucosamine which is present in bacterial and fungal cell walls. We recently showed that ficolin-2 serum levels were significantly higher in CD patients compared to healthy controls. We aimed to evaluate serum ficolin-2 concentrations in CD patients regarding their correlation with endoscopic severity and to compare them with clinical activity, fecal calprotectin, and CRP. METHODS Patients provided fecal and blood samples before undergoing ileo-colonoscopy. Disease activity was scored clinically according to the Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI) and endoscopically according to the simplified endoscopic score for CD (SES-CD). Ficolin-2 serum levels and fecal calprotectin levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS A total of 136 CD patients were prospectively included (mean age at inclusion 41.5±15.4 years, 37.5% females). Median HBI was 3 [2-6] points, median SES-CD was 5 [2-8], median fecal calprotectin was 301 [120-703] μg/g, and median serum ficolin-2 was 2.69 [2.02-3.83] μg/mL. SES-CD correlated significantly with calprotectin (R=0.676, P<0.001), CRP (R=0.458, P<0.001), HBI (R=0.385, P<0.001), and serum ficolin-2 levels (R=0.171, P=0.047). Ficolin-2 levels were higher in CD patients with mild endoscopic disease compared to patients in endoscopic remission (P=0.015) but no difference was found between patients with mild, moderate, and severe endoscopic disease. CONCLUSIONS Ficolin-2 serum levels correlate worse with endoscopic CD activity when compared to fecal calprotectin or CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schaffer
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Alain M Schoepfer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois et Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frank Seibold
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois et Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tiefenauspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Sandahl TD, Kelsen J, Dige A, Dahlerup JF, Agnholt J, Hvas CL, Thiel S. The lectin pathway of the complement system is downregulated in Crohn's disease patients who respond to anti-TNF-α therapy. J Crohns Colitis 2014; 8:521-8. [PMID: 24291022 DOI: 10.1016/j.crohns.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The lectin pathway of the complement system is initiated through the recognition of pathogens or altered self-structures by mannan-binding lectin (MBL) or ficolins and subsequent activation of MBL-associated serine proteases (MASPs). Altered ficolin levels may contribute to a dysregulated immune response in Crohn's disease (CD). A complete analysis of the lectin pathway has not been performed in patients with CD. We hypothesised that the lectin pathway proteins exacerbate inflammation in CD. METHODS We assessed the lectin pathway proteins in 43 patients with active CD & 350 blood donors by measuring the serum levels of MBL; M-, H-, and L-ficolin; MASP-2; MASP-3; and MAp44. In patients with CD, the blood samples were obtained during induction treatment with infliximab or adalimumab. RESULTS Of 43 patients with CD, 32 (74%) were classified as responders. We observed a nearly 50% decrease in median M-ficolin levels between day 0 and weeks 1/7 in the responders (p<0.001), whereas there was no decrease in the non-responders. MASP-2 levels decreased from baseline to week 1 in both the responders (37%, p<0.0001) and the non-responders (29%, p=0.02). In the responders only, the level of the inhibitory serine protease MASP-3 increased by 26% from baseline to week 1 (p<0.001) and remained high at week 7. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that M-ficolin, MASP-2, and MASP-3 may act in concert to reduce the activity of the lectin pathway, in patients with CD who respond to biological therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Damgaard Sandahl
- Department of Medicine V (Hepatology and Gastroenterology), Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Jens Kelsen
- Department of Medicine, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
| | - Anders Dige
- Department of Medicine V (Hepatology and Gastroenterology), Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Frederik Dahlerup
- Department of Medicine V (Hepatology and Gastroenterology), Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Agnholt
- Department of Medicine V (Hepatology and Gastroenterology), Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian Lodberg Hvas
- Department of Medicine V (Hepatology and Gastroenterology), Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steffen Thiel
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Abstract
Ficolins are serum complement lectins, with a structure similar to mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and lung surfactant protein (SP)-A and SP-D. Ficolins activate the lectin complement system and play important roles in host innate immunity. Ficolins are members of the collectin family of proteins, which act as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). They are soluble oligomeric defense proteins with lectin-like activity, and are able to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are carbohydrate molecules on the surface of pathogens, and of apoptotic, necrotic, and malignant cells. Upon binding to their specific PAMPs, ficolins may trigger activation of the immune system either (1) by initiating activation of complement via the lectin pathway, (2) by a primitive type of opsonophagocytosis, or (3) by stimulating secretion of the inflammatory cytokines interferon (IFN)-Γ, interleukin (IL)-17, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and production of nitric oxide (NO) by macrophages, thus limiting the infection and concurrently orchestrating the subsequent adaptive immune response. Recently, a number of reports have shown that dysfunction or abnormal expression of ficolins may play crucial roles in viral and bacterial diseases and in inflammation. This review summarizes the reports on the roles of ficolins in the infectious diseases, and provides insight into ficolins as novel innate immune therapeutic options to treat these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Department of Immunology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Quanquan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Department of Immunology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Xiaolian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Department of Immunology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, 430071 China
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