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Wang X, Guo L, Huang J, Jiang S, Li N, Mu HH, Xu C. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Potentiates Neutrophil Infiltration and Tissue Injury in Colitis. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2132-2149. [PMID: 37151884 PMCID: PMC10158018 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.75890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism underlying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. We aimed to identify early diagnostic biomarkers and understand their roles in the pathogenesis of IBD. Methods: We identified plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) as a potential key gene that is upregulated in IBD based on published transcriptomic datasets. To further determine the role of PAI-1 in disease pathogenesis, we induced colitis in wild-type (WT) and PAI-1 knockout (KO) mice by administering dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). We used an RNA array of genes and 16S rRNA sequencing of the microbiome to analyze PAI-1 function. The colon and serum PAI-1 levels in humans were further evaluated for their diagnostic value. Results: PAI-1 expression was significantly increased in patients and DSS-induced WT mice but reduced in PAI-1 KO mice. These changes were associated with significantly decreased neutrophil infiltration in colonic tissues. The RNA array revealed that the CXC chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL5 and their common receptor CXCR2 were among the most significantly different genes between the PAI-1 KO mice with DSS-induced colitis and the WT mice. Mechanistically, PAI-1 deficiency led to blunted activation of the NF-κB pathway in the colon epithelium. The gut microbiome was altered in the PAI-1 KO mice, which showed enriched abundances of short-chain fatty acid-producing genera and diminished abundances of pathogenic genera. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed the diagnostic value of PAI-1. Conclusions: Our data suggest a previously unknown function of PAI-1 inducing neutrophil-mediated chemokine expression by activating the NF-κB pathway and affecting the function of the gut microbiome. PAI-1 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqiong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine; Shanghai, 200025, China
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah; Salt Lake City, Utah, 84132, USA
- ✉ Corresponding author: Xinqiong Wang, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China. ; Tel: +86-21-64370045; Fax: +86-21-64333414. Chundi Xu, MD, Ph.D., Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China. ; Tel: +86-21-64370045; Fax: +86-21-64333414
| | - Li Guo
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah; Salt Lake City, Utah, 84132, USA
| | - Jiebin Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine; Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shaowei Jiang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah; Salt Lake City, Utah, 84132, USA
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Jiahui International Hospital; Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine; Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute of tropical medicine, Hainan Medical University; Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hong-Hua Mu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah; Salt Lake City, Utah, 84132, USA
| | - Chundi Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine; Shanghai, 200025, China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Xinqiong Wang, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China. ; Tel: +86-21-64370045; Fax: +86-21-64333414. Chundi Xu, MD, Ph.D., Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China. ; Tel: +86-21-64370045; Fax: +86-21-64333414
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Marín-Ramos NI, Thein TZ, Ghaghada KB, Chen TC, Giannotta SL, Hofman FM. miR-18a Inhibits BMP4 and HIF-1α Normalizing Brain Arteriovenous Malformations. Circ Res 2020; 127:e210-e231. [PMID: 32755283 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal tangles of vessels where arteries and veins directly connect without intervening capillary nets, increasing the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage and stroke. Current treatments are highly invasive and often not feasible. Thus, effective noninvasive treatments are needed. We previously showed that AVM-brain endothelial cells (BECs) secreted higher VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and lower TSP-1 (thrombospondin-1) levels than control BEC; and that microRNA-18a (miR-18a) normalized AVM-BEC function and phenotype, although its mechanism remained unclear. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the mechanism of action and potential clinical application of miR-18a as an effective noninvasive treatment to selectively restore the phenotype and functionality of AVM vasculature. METHODS AND RESULTS The molecular pathways affected by miR-18a in patient-derived BECs and AVM-BECs were determined by Western blot, RT-qPCR (quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction), ELISA, co-IP, immunostaining, knockdown and overexpression studies, flow cytometry, and luciferase reporter assays. miR-18a was shown to increase TSP-1 and decrease VEGF by reducing PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1/SERPINE1) levels. Furthermore, miR-18a decreased the expression of BMP4 (bone morphogenetic protein 4) and HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1α), blocking the BMP4/ALK (activin-like kinase) 2/ALK1/ALK5 and Notch signaling pathways. As determined by Boyden chamber assays, miR-18a also reduced the abnormal AVM-BEC invasiveness, which correlated with a decrease in MMP2 (matrix metalloproteinase 2), MMP9, and ADAM10 (ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10) levels. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies showed that miR-18a reaches the brain following intravenous and intranasal administration. Intranasal co-delivery of miR-18a and NEO100, a good manufacturing practices-quality form of perillyl alcohol, improved the pharmacokinetic profile of miR-18a in the brain without affecting its pharmacological properties. Ultra-high-resolution computed tomography angiography and immunostaining studies in an Mgp-/- AVM mouse model showed that miR-18a decreased abnormal cerebral vasculature and restored the functionality of the bone marrow, lungs, spleen, and liver. CONCLUSIONS miR-18a may have significant clinical value in preventing, reducing, and potentially reversing AVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagore I Marín-Ramos
- Departments of Neurosurgery (N.I.M.-R., T.Z.T., T.C.C., S.L.G.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Thu Zan Thein
- Departments of Neurosurgery (N.I.M.-R., T.Z.T., T.C.C., S.L.G.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Ketan B Ghaghada
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (K.B.G.)
| | - Thomas C Chen
- Departments of Neurosurgery (N.I.M.-R., T.Z.T., T.C.C., S.L.G.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.,Departments of Pathology (T.C.C., F.M.H.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Steven L Giannotta
- Departments of Neurosurgery (N.I.M.-R., T.Z.T., T.C.C., S.L.G.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Florence M Hofman
- Departments of Pathology (T.C.C., F.M.H.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
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NF-κB2 signalling in enteroids modulates enterocyte responses to secreted factors from bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:896. [PMID: 31772152 PMCID: PMC6879761 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alternative pathway NF-κB signalling regulates susceptibility towards developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colitis-associated cancer and sepsis-associated intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis and shedding. However, the cell populations responsible for the perturbed alternative pathway NF-κB signalling in intestinal mucosal pathology remain unclear. In order to investigate the contribution of the epithelial compartment, we have tested whether NF-κB2 regulated transcription in intestinal epithelial cells controls the intestinal epithelial response to cytokines that are known to disrupt intestinal barrier permeability. Enteroids were generated from the proximal, middle and distal regions of small intestine (SI) from C57BL/6J wild-type mice and displayed region-specific morphology that was maintained during sub-culture. Enteroids treated with 100 ng/mL TNF were compared with corresponding regions of SI from C57BL/6J mice treated systemically with 0.33 mg/kg TNF for 1.5 h. TNF-induced apoptosis in all regions of the intestine in vitro and in vivo but resulted in Paneth cell degranulation only in proximal tissue-derived SI and enteroids. TNF also resulted in increased enteroid sphericity (quantified as circularity from two-dimensional bright field images). This response was dose and time-dependent and correlated with active caspase-3 immunopositivity. Proximal tissue-derived enteroids generated from Nfκb2−/− mice showed a significantly blunted circularity response following the addition of TNF, IFNγ, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated C57BL/6J-derived bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) and secreted factors from LPS-activated BMDCs. However, Nfκb1−/− mouse-derived enteroids showed no significant changes in response to these stimuli. In conclusion, the selection of SI region is important when designing enteroid studies as region-specific identity and response to stimuli such as TNF are maintained in culture. Intestinal epithelial cells are at least partially responsible for regulating their own fate by modulating NF-κB2 signalling in response to stimuli known to be involved in multiple intestinal and systemic diseases. Future studies are warranted to investigate the therapeutic potential of intestinal epithelial NF-κB2 inhibition.
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Xue M, Shi L, Wang W, Chen S, Wang L. An Overview of Molecular Profiles in Ulcerative Colitis-Related Cancer. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:1883-1894. [PMID: 29945208 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an independent risk factor of colorectal cancer (CRC). Both genetic and epigentic events induce a unique molecular profile during the development from UC to UC-related CRC (UCRC). These molecular changes play varied roles in DNA repair, immune response, cell metabolism, and interaction with the microbiota during the carcinogenesis process. This review will systmatically discuss the molecular characteristics of UCRC and point out the future perspectives in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liuhong Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shujie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Runrun Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liangjing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Kim YR, Hwang J, Koh HJ, Jang K, Lee JD, Choi J, Yang CS. The targeted delivery of the c-Src peptide complexed with schizophyllan to macrophages inhibits polymicrobial sepsis and ulcerative colitis in mice. Biomaterials 2016; 89:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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