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Rosero J, Pessoa GP, Carvalho GB, López LS, Dos Santos SCA, Bressan FF, Yasui GS. Primordial germ cells of Astyanax altiparanae, isolated and recovered intact after vitrification: A preliminary study for potential cryopreservation of Neotropical fish germplasm. Cryobiology 2024; 116:104929. [PMID: 38871206 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) constitute an important cell lineage that directly impacts genetic dissemination and species conservation through the creation of cryobanks. In order to advance the field of animal genetic cryopreservation, this work aimed to recover intact PGCs cryopreserved in embryonic tissues during the segmentation phase for subsequent in vitro maintenance, using the yellow-tailed tetra (Astyanax altiparanae) as a model organism. For this, a total of 202 embryos were distributed in two experiments. In the first experiment, embryos in the segmentation phase were dissociated, and isolated PGCs were maintained in vitro. They were visualized using gfp-Pm-ddx4 3'UTR labeling. The second experiment aimed to vitrify PGCs using 3 cryoprotective agents or CPAs (dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, and 1,2 propanediol) at 3 molarities (2, 3, and 4 M). The toxicity, somatic cell viability, and recovery of intact PGCs were evaluated. After cryopreservation and thawing, 2 M ethylene glycol produced intact PGCs and somatic cells (44 ± 11.52 % and 42.35 ± 0.33 %, respectively) post-thaw. The recovery of PGCs from frozen embryonic tissues was not possible without the use of CPAs. Thus, the vitrification of PGCs from an important developmental model and Neotropical species such as A. altiparanae was achieved, and the process of isolating and maintaining PGCs in a culture medium was successful. Therefore, to ensure the maintenance of genetic diversity, PGCs obtained during embryonic development in the segmentation phase between 25 and 28 somites were stored through vitrification for future applications in the reconstitution of species through germinal chimerism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenyffer Rosero
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Aquatic Biodiversity, Chico Mendes Institute of Biodiversity Conservation, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giselle Pessanha Pessoa
- Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Aquatic Biodiversity, Chico Mendes Institute of Biodiversity Conservation, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Braga Carvalho
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Aquatic Biodiversity, Chico Mendes Institute of Biodiversity Conservation, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucia Suárez López
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Aquatic Biodiversity, Chico Mendes Institute of Biodiversity Conservation, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - George Shigueki Yasui
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Aquatic Biodiversity, Chico Mendes Institute of Biodiversity Conservation, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Li L, Tian Y, Li Z, Duan P, Wang X, Chen S, Wang L, Liu Y, Wang Q, Li W, Zhao X, Ma W, Zhai J. Effect of non-permeable cryoprotectant sucrose on the development of spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus) embryos. Cryobiology 2023; 112:104555. [PMID: 37385538 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the toxicity of sucrose to Oplegnathus punctatus embryos was evaluated. Embryos at the 4-6 somite, tail-bud, heart formation, and heart-beating stages were exposed to 0, 0.5, 1,1.5, 2, 2.5, or 3 M sucrose for 1 h. Survival rates of embryos at the tail-bud, heart formation, and heart-beating stages after rehydration for 1 h were not affected by treatment with 2 M sucrose (the maximum concentration). Embryos at the tail-bud, heart formation, and heart-beating stages were exposed to 2 M sucrose for 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 min. Long-term developmental indicators, including rates of survival, hatching, swimming, and malformation, were evaluated for 4 days after rehydration. Based on the survival rates 10 min after rehydration, the longest tolerance time for embryos at the three stages was 120 min. Based on long-term developmental indicators, the longest tolerance times were 60 min at the tail-bud, 60 min at the heart formation stage and 30 min at the heart beating stage. The malformation rates increased as the treatment time increased. The malformation rates were 100% when embryos were exposed to sucrose for ≥120 min. Malformation was divided into larval and embryonic abnormality. As the exposure time increased for tail-bud stage embryos, the rate of larval malformation increased. Treatment at heart formation and heart-beating stages resulted in higher rates of failure to hatch at exposure time. Based on these results, toxicity tests of non-permeable cryoprotectant in embryos requires the observation of development for at least 2 days after rehydration. Based on long-term observation, it was concluded that dehydration before freezing was not the direct cause of larvae deformity that hatched from frozen-thawing embryo. These results provide a reference for the singly use of representative non-permeable cryoprotectant sucrose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yongsheng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Zhentong Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Pengfei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linna Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Qingbin Wang
- Laizhou Mingbo Aquatic Co., Ltd, Yantai, 2614000, China
| | - Wensheng Li
- Laizhou Mingbo Aquatic Co., Ltd, Yantai, 2614000, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Laizhou Mingbo Aquatic Co., Ltd, Yantai, 2614000, China
| | - Wenhui Ma
- Laizhou Mingbo Aquatic Co., Ltd, Yantai, 2614000, China
| | - Jieming Zhai
- Laizhou Mingbo Aquatic Co., Ltd, Yantai, 2614000, China
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Castro PL, Ferraz ALJ, Patil JG, Ribeiro RP. Use of melatonin as an inhibitor of apoptotic process for cryopreservation of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e241081. [PMID: 34105654 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.241081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the use of melatonin to arrest the effects of apoptosis in vitrified zebrafish (D. rerio) embryos. Dechorionated embryos at 22-24 somite-stage were divided (n = 60/treatment) into a non-vitrified (Control Group, 0 M melatonin) and vitrified treatments with 0 M (T1), 1 µM (T2) and 1 mM of melatonin (T3). For vitrified treatments, a solution methanol/propylene glycol based was used and the embryos stored in -196 °C for a week. After thaw, survival rate, scanning electron microscopy, expression of anti (bcl-2) and pro-apoptotic (bax/caspase-3) genes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and DNA fragmentation analyses were performed. No live embryos were obtained from vitrified treatments, observing a rapid degeneration immediately after thawing, with the vitelline layer rupture and leakage of its content, followed by breakdown of epithelial cells and melanisation of the tissue. Regarding the apoptotic process, T3 had the highest relative gene expression, for the three genes (P < 0.05) furthermore, T2 had similar expression of pro-apoptotic genes to CG (P < 0.05). ROS formation revealed that CG presented lower percentage of embryo surface area affected (3.80 ± 0.40%) (P < 0.05), in contrast, no differences were found among the other groups. T1 was most significantly (P < 0.05) damaged by DNA fragmentation. The vitrified groups with melatonin had similar damage levels of CG (P > 0.05). The inclusion of 1 µM of melatonin in the vitrifying solution, countered the effects of apoptotic process in post-thaw embryos, suggesting its utility in cryopreserving fish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Castro
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Departamento de Zootecnia, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - A L J Ferraz
- Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul - UEMS, Aquidauana, MS, Brasil
| | - J G Patil
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Center, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - R P Ribeiro
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Departamento de Zootecnia, Maringá, PR, Brasil
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Zhang J, Tian Y, Li Z, Wu Y, Li Z, Cheng M, Wang L, Ma W, Zhai J. Optimization of vitrification factors for embryo cryopreservation of kelp grouper (Epinephelus moara). Theriogenology 2019; 142:390-399. [PMID: 31708193 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation of marine fish embryos causes to severe cryogenic damage, and to date, adults have not been reared from embryos that were cryopreserved. Here, we optimized vitrification factors to improve the survival and hatching rate of kelp grouper (Epinephelus moara) embryos after cryopreservation. We screened the effects of 11 vitrification solution concentrations (25-50%) on the survival rate of embryos at four developmental stages (16S, 18S, 22S, TB). We investigated the effects of different equilibration time (25-45min) on the survival rate and the influence of vitrification solutions on embryonic volume. In addition, we tested the effects of treating embryos at five different developmental stages (4-6S, 16S, 22S, TB, HB) with different vitrification solutions (35% PMG3S and 35% PMG3T), prechilling temperature (-5 °C and 4 °C) and prechilling time. In total, 9855 embryos were cryopreserved at 10 developmental stages, from optic capsule stage to pre-hatch stage. We found that kelp grouper embryos performed best at equilibration time of 30 min. Embryos at the tail-bud stage exhibited greater tolerance to vitrification than other stages. Vitrification solutions that contained sucrose showed better survival rates compared to embryos treated with vitrification solutions containing trehalose. Pre-chilling treatment improved viability before freezing, but did not improve viability after freezing. In the most optimal condition we identified in this study, the average survival, normal development and malformation rates of cryopreserved embryos were 6.32%, 2.36% and 3.49%, and 39.85% of the surviving embryos that were cryopreserved hatched. The hatched larvae gradually died at day 12 of cultivation, where the longest surviving individuals lived for 16 days. This study provides valuable data for improving survival and hatching rate of cryopreserved grouper embryos, and provides references for further exploring techniques in fish embryo cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yongsheng Tian
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Zhentong Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yuping Wu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ziqi Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Meiling Cheng
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Linna Wang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Wenhui Ma
- Ming Bo Aquatic Co. Ltd., Laizhou, 261400, China
| | - Jieming Zhai
- Ming Bo Aquatic Co. Ltd., Laizhou, 261400, China
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Effect of vitrification solutions on survival rate of cryopreserved Epinephelus moara embryos. Theriogenology 2018; 113:183-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Marques LS, Fossati AA, Leal MS, Rodrigues RB, Bombardelli RA, Streit DP. Viability assessment of primary growth oocytes following ovarian tissue vitrification of neotropical teleost pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). Cryobiology 2018; 82:118-123. [PMID: 29596843 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Vitrification of ovarian tissue containing immature oocytes provides an important tool for protecting the endangered species and genetic diversity in aquatic species. Therefore, the main objective was to assess primary growth (PG) oocytes viability following ovarian tissue vitrification using histological analysis, two staining protocols (trypan blue or fluorescein diacetate combined with propidium iodide) and mitochondrial activity assay (MTT assay). In addition, oocyte histomorphometry was performed to evaluate the morphometric parameters after vitrification and the relationship with the occurrence of damage (nucleus and/or membrane) in PG oocytes. There was no significant difference among the vitrified oocytes using trypan blue dye or FDA + IP staining. Oocyte viability assessed using histological analysis showed that vitrification solution 2.0 M Me2SO + 2.5 M etilenoglycol +0.5 M sucrose (VS3; 66.43 ± 4.68%) and 1.5 M methanol + 5.5 M Me2SO + 0.5 M sucrose (VS5; 74.14 ± 3.71%) had the lowest viability rate. Similar results were observed in MTT assay where VS3 (1.63 ± 0.12) and VS5 (1.58 ± 0.09) had the lowest averages when compare with VS1 (2.39 ± 0.14), VS2 (1.78 ± 0.06) and VS4 (2.34 ± 0.19) (P = 0.0002). In membrane damage evaluation by histology, there was no difference among vitrified oocytes and control. However, the highest percentages of nucleus damage were observed in treatments VS3 (26.00 ± 5.55) and VS5 (26.00 ± 5.55). Oocyte diameter did not change after vitrification; however, nucleus diameter was significantly higher in control group (49.03 ± 1.07). Oocyte viability by histological analysis was positive-correlated to the occurrence of nucleus (r2 = 0.78) and membrane (r2 = 0.45) damage after vitrification/warming. The high viability of PG oocytes obtained after ovarian tissue vitrification of Piaractus mesopotamicus suggests that the protocol applied here might be used successfully in other teleost species for food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lis S Marques
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ana A Fossati
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Martinha S Leal
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rômulo B Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Robie A Bombardelli
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Instituto de Pesquisa em Aqüicultura Ambiental (InPAA), 85900-030, Toledo, PR, Brazil
| | - Danilo P Streit
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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