Appenzeller S, Andrade de Oliveira S, Bombini MF, Sepresse SR, Reis F, Cavalcante França Junior M. Neuropsychiatric manifestations in primary Sjogren syndrome.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2022;
18:1071-1081. [PMID:
36001085 DOI:
10.1080/1744666x.2022.2117159]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Neurologic manifestations in primary Sjogren´s Syndrome (pSS) are characterized by a heterogeneity of clinical manifestations. In clinical practice, physicians are challenged with the absence of diagnostic criteria and the lack of clinical trials to support treatment. In this article, we will review epidemiology, clinical and immunological characterization, diagnosis and treatment of neurologic events in pSS.
AREAS COVERED
This narrative review provides an overview of neurologic manifestations described in pSS, complementary investigations and treatment reported. Articles were selected from Pubmed searches conducted between December 2021 and February 2022.
EXPERT OPINION
Epidemiology and clinical features of neurologic manifestations are derived from different cohort studies. Our understanding of pathophysiology of neurologic manifestations in pSS has significantly increased in the past few years, especially regarding PNS. However, there are still many knowledge gaps on therapeutics. The few available data on therapy rely upon small case series, from experiences with other autoimmune disease, such as systemic lupus erythematosus or expert opinion. There is an urgent need for well-designed clinical trials.
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