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Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening in nasopharyngeal carcinoma for radiosensitive and radioresistant genes. Transl Oncol 2023; 30:101625. [PMID: 36739730 PMCID: PMC9932185 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening may provide new insights into the mechanism underlying clinical radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), which is remain largely unknown. Our objective was to screen the functional genes associated with radiosensitivity and radioresistance in NPC, laying a foundation for further research on its functional mechanismand. METHODS CRISPR-Cas9 library lentivirus screening in radiation-treated NPC cells was combined with second-generation sequence technology to identify functional genes, which were further validated in radioresistant NPC cells and patient tissues. RESULTS Eleven radiosensitive and radioresistant genes were screened. Among these genes, the expression of FBLN5, FAM3C, MUS81, and DNAJC17 were significantly lower and TOMM20, CDKN2AIP, SNX22, and SP1 were higher in the radioresistant NPC cells (C666-1R, 5-8FR) (p < 0.05). CALD1 was highly expressed in C666-1R. Furthermore, we found knockout of FBLN5, FAM3C, MUS81 and DNAJC17 promoted the proliferation of NPC cells, while CDKN2AIP and SP1 had the opposed results (p < 0.05). This result was verified in NPC patient tissues. Meanwhile, KEGG analysis showed that the Fanconi anemia pathway and the TGF-β signaling pathway possibly contributed to radiosensitivity or radioresistance in NPC. CONCLUSIONS Nine genes involved in the radiosensitivity or radioresistance of NPC: four genes for radiosensitivity (FBLN5, FAM3C, MUS81, and DNAJC17), two genes for radioresistance (CDKN2AIP, SP1), two potential radioresistant genes (TOMM20, SNX22), and a potential radiosensitive gene (CALD1). Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening for radiosensitive and radioresistant genes in NPC may provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying clinical radioresistance to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy for NPC.
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2
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Te Beek ET, Burggraaf J, Teunissen JJM, Vriens D. Clinical Pharmacology of Radiotheranostics in Oncology. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2023; 113:260-274. [PMID: 35373336 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The combined use of diagnostic and therapeutic radioligands with the same molecular target, also known as theranostics, enables accurate patient selection, targeted therapy, and prediction of treatment response. Radioiodine, bone-seeking radioligands and norepinephrine analogs have been used for many years for diagnostic imaging and radioligand therapy of thyroid carcinoma, bone metastases, pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, and neuroblastoma, respectively. In recent years, radiolabeled somatostatin analogs and prostate-specific membrane antigen ligands have shown clinical efficacy in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors and prostate cancer, respectively. Several candidate compounds are targeting novel theranostic targets such as fibroblast activation protein, C-X-C chemokine receptor 4, and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor. In addition, several strategies to improve efficacy of radioligand therapy are being evaluated, including dosimetry-based dose optimization, multireceptor targeting, upregulation of target receptors, radiosensitization, pharmacogenomics, and radiation genomics. Design and evaluation of novel radioligands and optimization of dose and dose schedules, within the complex context of individualized multimodal cancer treatment, requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes clinical pharmacology. Significant increases in the use of these radiopharmaceuticals in routine oncological practice can be expected, which will have major impact on patient care as well as (radio)pharmacy utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik T Te Beek
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jaap J M Teunissen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Vriens
- Department of Radiology, Section of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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3
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Tan F, YAY A, Yildiz O, Kaan D. Protective effect of pycnogenol against gamma radiation-induced lung injury in rat: DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant levels, and histopathological changes. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 18:1658-1665. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1062_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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4
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Correa DD, Satagopan J, Martin A, Braun E, Kryza-Lacombe M, Cheung K, Sharma A, Dimitriadoy S, O'Connell K, Leong S, Karimi S, Lyo J, DeAngelis LM, Orlow I. Genetic variants and cognitive functions in patients with brain tumors. Neuro Oncol 2020; 21:1297-1309. [PMID: 31123752 PMCID: PMC6784270 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with brain tumors treated with radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) often experience cognitive dysfunction. We reported that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the APOE, COMT, and BDNF genes may influence cognition in brain tumor patients. In this study, we assessed whether genes associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), inflammation, cholesterol transport, dopamine and myelin regulation, and DNA repair may influence cognitive outcome in this population. METHODS One hundred and fifty brain tumor patients treated with RT ± CT or CT alone completed a neurocognitive assessment and provided a blood sample for genotyping. We genotyped genes/SNPs in these pathways: (i) LOAD risk/inflammation/cholesterol transport, (ii) dopamine regulation, (iii) myelin regulation, (iv) DNA repair, (v) blood-brain barrier disruption, (vi) cell cycle regulation, and (vii) response to oxidative stress. White matter (WM) abnormalities were rated on brain MRIs. RESULTS Multivariable linear regression analysis with Bayesian shrinkage estimation of SNP effects, adjusting for relevant demographic, disease, and treatment variables, indicated strong associations (posterior association summary [PAS] ≥ 0.95) among tests of attention, executive functions, and memory and 33 SNPs in genes involved in: LOAD/inflammation/cholesterol transport (eg, PDE7A, IL-6), dopamine regulation (eg, DRD1, COMT), myelin repair (eg, TCF4), DNA repair (eg, RAD51), cell cycle regulation (eg, SESN1), and response to oxidative stress (eg, GSTP1). The SNPs were not significantly associated with WM abnormalities. CONCLUSION This novel study suggests that polymorphisms in genes involved in aging and inflammation, dopamine, myelin and cell cycle regulation, and DNA repair and response to oxidative stress may be associated with cognitive outcome in patients with brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise D Correa
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Jaya Satagopan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Axel Martin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Erica Braun
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Maria Kryza-Lacombe
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California
| | - Kenneth Cheung
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sofia Dimitriadoy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kelli O'Connell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Siok Leong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sasan Karimi
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - John Lyo
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Lisa M DeAngelis
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Irene Orlow
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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5
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Costa EFD, Lima TRP, Lopes-Aguiar L, Nogueira GAS, Visacri MB, Quintanilha JCF, Pincinato EC, Calonga L, Mariano FV, Altemani AMDAM, Altemani JMC, Moriel P, Chone CT, Ramos CD, Lima CSP. FAS and FASL variations in outcomes of tobacco- and alcohol-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Tumour Biol 2020; 42:1010428320938494. [PMID: 32628088 DOI: 10.1177/1010428320938494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy and cisplatin lead to cell killing in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients, but adverse events and response to treatment are not the same in patients with similar clinicopathological aspects. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the roles of TP53 c.215G > C, FAS c.-671A > G, FAS c.-1378G > A, FASL c.-844 C > T, CASP3 c.-1191A > G, and CASP3 c.-182-247G > T single nucleotide variants in toxicity, response rate, and survival of cisplatin chemoradiation-treated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Genomic DNA was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for genotyping. Differences between groups of patients were analyzed by chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, multiple logistic regression analysis, and Cox hazards model. One hundred nine patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled in study. All patients were smokers and/or alcoholics. Patients with FAS c.-671GG genotype, FAS c.-671AG or GG genotype, and FASL c.-844CC genotype had 5.52 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.42-21.43), 4.03 (95% CI: 1.51-10.79), and 5.77 (95% CI: 1.23-27.04) more chances of presenting chemoradiation-related anemia of grades 2-4, lymphopenia of grade 3 or 4, and ototoxicity of all grades, respectively, than those with the remaining genotypes. FAS c.-671GG genotype was also seen as an independent predictor of shorter event-free survival (hazard ratio (HR): 2.05; P = 0.007) and overall survival (HR: 1.83; P = 0.02) in our head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. These findings present, for the first time, preliminary evidence that inherited abnormalities in apoptosis pathway, related to FAS c.-671A > G and FASL c.-844 C > T single nucleotide variants, can alter toxicity and survival of tobacco- and alcohol-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients homogeneously treated with cisplatin chemoradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tathiane Regine Penna Lima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leisa Lopes-Aguiar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marília Berlofa Visacri
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Eder Carvalho Pincinato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciane Calonga
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Viviane Mariano
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Patrícia Moriel
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Takahiro Chone
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celso Dario Ramos
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carmen Silvia Passos Lima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Yan X, Wu T, Tang M, Chen D, Huang M, Zhou S, Zhang H, Yang X, Li G. Methylation of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene (ATM) promoter as a radiotherapy outcome biomarker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18823. [PMID: 31977876 PMCID: PMC7004781 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the contribution of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene promoter methylation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the predictive value of radiotherapy outcome. ATM promoter methylation status was detected using methylation-specific PCR in 118 HCC, 50 adjacent liver, and 20 normal liver samples. PCR products were verified by bisulfite sequencing PCR. ATM expression was detected by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 50 paired HCC and adjacent normal tissues and 68 locally advanced HCC biopsy tissues. Furthermore, radiotherapy outcomes in 68 locally advanced HCC patients were determined using European Association for the Study of Liver criteria and survival analysis. The results revealed that the methylation frequency of the ATM promoter was significantly higher in HCC tissues than in normal liver tissues (χ = 16.830, P < .001). Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and IHC results showed a significant association between ATM promoter methylation and ATM expression in HCC (χ = 10.510, P < .001), and methylated ATM was correlated with lower ATM expression compared with unmethylated ATM (r = 0.356, P < .001). Furthermore, methylation of the ATM promoter was significantly associated with superior outcomes in patients with locally advanced HCC who initially received radiotherapy. Together, these results indicate that ATM promoter methylation might increase the risk of HCC by regulating ATM expression, and thus may function as a potential biomarker for predicting radiotherapy outcomes in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan
| | - Tianyu Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan
| | - Mei Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan
| | - Dongliang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan
| | - Meiyuan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan
| | - Sichun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gaofeng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, Hunan
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7
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Siegel BI, King TZ, Rupji M, Dwivedi B, Carter AB, Kowalski J, MacDonald TJ. Host Genome Variation is Associated with Neurocognitive Outcome in Survivors of Pediatric Medulloblastoma. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:908-916. [PMID: 31078964 PMCID: PMC6515414 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Host genome analysis is a promising source of predictive information for long-term morbidity in cancer survivors. However, studies on genetic predictors of long-term outcome, particularly neurocognitive function following chemoradiation in pediatric oncology, are limited. Here, we evaluated variation in host genome of long-term survivors of medulloblastoma and its association with neurocognitive outcome. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted on peripheral blood of long-term survivors of pediatric medulloblastoma who also completed neuropsychological testing. Cognitively impaired and less impaired survivors did not differ in exposure to chemoradiation therapy or age at treatment. Unsupervised consensus clustering yielded two distinct variant clusters that were significantly associated with neurocognitive outcome. Interestingly, 34 of the 36 significant variants were found in noncoding DNA regions with unknown regulatory function. A separate unsupervised cluster analysis of variants within DNA repair genes identified discrete variant groups that were not associated with neurocognitive outcome, suggesting that variations in genes corresponding to a single functional group may be insufficient to predict long-term outcome alone. These findings are supportive of the presence of a genetic diathesis for treatment-related neurocognitive morbidity in medulloblastoma that may be driven by variation in noncoding regulatory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin I Siegel
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Tricia Z King
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA.
| | - Manali Rupji
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Bhakti Dwivedi
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Alexis B Carter
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jeanne Kowalski
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA
| | - Tobey J MacDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA
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8
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Nicosia L, Gentile G, Reverberi C, Minniti G, Valeriani M, de Sanctis V, Marinelli L, Cipolla F, de Luca O, Simmaco M, Osti MF. Single nucleotide polymorphism of <italic>GSTP1</italic> and pathological complete response in locally advanced rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant concomitant radiochemotherapy. Radiat Oncol J 2018; 36:218-226. [PMID: 30309213 PMCID: PMC6226144 DOI: 10.3857/roj.2018.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer consists of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy with concomitant fluoropyrimidine or oxaliplatin and surgery with curative intent. Pathological complete response has shown to be predictive for better outcome and survival; nevertheless there are no biological or genetic factors predictive for response to treatment. We explored the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) GSTP1 (A313G) and XRCC1 (G28152A), and the pathological complete response and survival after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer patients. Materials and Methods Genotypes GSTP1 (A313G) and XRCC1 (G28152A) were determined by pyrosequencing technology in 80 patients affected by locally advanced rectal cancer. Results The overall rate of pathological complete response in our study population was 18.75%. Patients homozygous AA for GSTP1 (A313G) presented a rate of pathological complete response of 26.6% as compared to 8.5% of the AG+GG population (p = 0.04). The heterozygous comparison (AA vs. AG) showed a significant difference in the rate of pathological complete response (26.6% vs. 6.8%; p = 0.034). GSTP1 AA+AG patients presented a 5- and 8-year cancer-specific survival longer than GSTP1 GG patients (87.7% and 83.3% vs. 44.4% and 44.4%, respectively) (p = 0.014). Overall survival showed only a trend toward significance in favor of the haplotypes GSTP1 AA+AG. No significant correlations were found for XRCC1 (G28152A). Conclusion Our results suggest that GSTP1 (A313G) may predict a higher rate of pathological complete response after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy and a better outcome, and should be considered in a more extensive analysis with the aim of personalization of radiation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Nicosia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Gentile
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Reverberi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minniti
- Department of Neurological Sciences, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Maurizio Valeriani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vitaliana de Sanctis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Marinelli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Cipolla
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ottavia de Luca
- Department of Advanced Molecular Diagnostic, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Simmaco
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia F Osti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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9
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Mlak R, Powrózek T, Brzozowska A, Homa-Mlak I, Mazurek M, Małecka-Massalska T. RRM1 gene expression evaluated in the liquid biopsy (blood cfRNA) as a non-invasive, predictive factor for radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis and potential prognostic biomarker in head and neck cancer patients. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:657-667. [DOI: 10.3233/cbm-171082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Mlak
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Powrózek
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Brzozowska
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Iwona Homa-Mlak
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Mazurek
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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10
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Chen X, Wu L, Li D, Xu Y, Zhang L, Niu K, Kong R, Gu J, Xu Z, Chen Z, Sun J. Radiosensitizing effects of miR-18a-5p on lung cancer stem-like cells via downregulating both ATM and HIF-1α. Cancer Med 2018; 7:3834-3847. [PMID: 29860718 PMCID: PMC6089184 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the main causes of cancer mortality globally. Most patients received radiotherapy during the course of disease. However, radioresistance generally occurs in the majority of these patients, leading to poor curative effect, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, miR-18a-5p expression was downregulated in irradiated lung cancer cells. Overexpression of miR-18a-5p increased the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells and inhibited the growth of A549 xenografts after radiation exposure. Dual luciferase report system and miR-18a-5p overexpression identified ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) as the targets of miR-18a-5p. The mRNA and protein expressions of ATM and HIF-1α were dramatically downregulated by miR-18a-5p in vitro and in vivo. Clinically, plasma miR-18a-5p expression was significantly higher in radiosensitive than in radioresistant group (P < .001). The cutoff value of miR-18a-5p >2.28 was obtained from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The objective response rate (ORR) was significantly higher in miR-18a-5p-high group than in miR-18a-5p-low group (P < .001). A tendency demonstrated that the median local progression-free survival (PFS) from radiotherapy was longer in miR-18a-5p-high than in miR-18a-5p-low group (P = .082). The median overall survival (OS) from radiotherapy was numerically longer in miR-18a-5p-high than in miR-18a-5p-low group (P = .281). The sensitivity and specificity of plasma miR-18a-5p to predict radiosensitivity was 87% and 95%, respectively. Collectively, these results indicate that miR-18a-5p increases the radiosensitivity in lung cancer cells and CD133+ stem-like cells via downregulating ATM and HIF-1α expressions. Plasma miR-18a-5p would be an available indicator of radiosensitivity in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of GerontologyChongqing General HospitalChongqingChina
| | - Dezhi Li
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yanmei Xu
- Oncology DepartmentLeshan People’s HospitalSichuanChina
| | - Luping Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Kai Niu
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Rui Kong
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jiaoyang Gu
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zihan Xu
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zhengtang Chen
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jianguo Sun
- Cancer Institute, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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11
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Milano G. Don't forget the host: a potential role for germinal polymorphisms as markers for checkpoint inhibitors. Ann Oncol 2018; 28:435-436. [PMID: 28426100 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Milano
- Department of Internal Medicine , University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
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12
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Agostini LP, Stur E, Garcia FM, Ventorim DP, Dos Reis RS, Dettogni RS, Dos Santos EVW, Peterle GT, Maia LL, Mendes SO, de Carvalho MB, Tajara EH, de Paula F, Dos Santos M, da Silva AMA, Louro ID. ATM, BCL2, and TGFβ Gene Polymorphisms as Radiotherapy Outcome Biomarkers in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2017; 21:727-735. [PMID: 29135311 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2017.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Polymorphisms in cell cycle genes are considered prognostic as radiosensitivity markers in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship of ATM 5557G>A, ATM IVS62 + 60G>A, TP53 215G>C, BCL2-938C>A, TGFβ-509C>T, and TGFβ 29C>T with radiotherapy response. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism in 210 patients with oral cavity/oropharyngeal carcinoma and 101 patients with laryngeal tumors. RESULTS In irradiated oral cavity/oropharyngeal tumors, the ATM IVS62 + 60G>A AA genotype significantly increased local recurrence risk (odds ratio [OR] = 4.43; confidence interval [CI] = 1.22-16.13) and the BCL2-938C>A C allele and the TGFβ-509C>T T allele were associated with worse disease-specific survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.46; CI = 0.24-0.90 and HR = 2.20; CI = 1.12-4.29, respectively). In irradiated laryngeal carcinoma, the TGFβ 29C>T C allele was associated with increased local recurrence risk (OR = 0.09; CI = 0.02-0.53), death rate (OR = 0.18; CI = 0.04-0.86), and worse local disease-free and disease-specific survival rates (HR = 0.13; CI = 0.03-0.59 and HR = 0.21; CI = 0.07-0.60, respectively), while the BCL2-938C>A C allele was related to a worse disease-specific survival (HR = 0.32; CI = 0.12-0.83). DISCUSSION These results can help individualize treatment according to a patient's genetic markers. We demonstrated that ATM IVS62 + 60G>A, TGFβ 29C>T, TGFβ-509C>T, and BCL2-938C>A can function as biomarkers of tumor radiosensitivity, being candidates for a predictive genetic profile of radiotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiane P Agostini
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Vitória, Brazil
| | - Elaine Stur
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Vitória, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Garcia
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Vitória, Brazil
| | - Diego P Ventorim
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Vitória, Brazil
| | - Raquel S Dos Reis
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Vitória, Brazil
| | - Raquel S Dettogni
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela T Peterle
- 2 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas L Maia
- 2 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Alegre, Brazil
| | - Suzanny O Mendes
- 2 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Eloiza H Tajara
- 4 Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto , São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Flavia de Paula
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Vitória, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dos Santos
- 5 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte , Caicó, Brazil
| | - Adriana M A da Silva
- 2 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Alegre, Brazil
| | - Iúri Drumond Louro
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Vitória, Brazil
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Zanusso C, Bortolus R, Dreussi E, Polesel J, Montico M, Cecchin E, Gagno S, Rizzolio F, Arcicasa M, Novara G, Toffoli G. Impact of DNA repair gene polymorphisms on the risk of biochemical recurrence after radiotherapy and overall survival in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:22863-22875. [PMID: 28206966 PMCID: PMC5410269 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of biomarkers of biochemical recurrence (BCR) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) represents an unanswered clinical issue. The primary aim of this study was the definition of new genetic prognostic biomarkers in DNA repair genes (DRGs), considering both BCR and overall survival (OS) as clinical end-points. The secondary aim was to explore the potential clinical impact of these genetic variants with the decision curve analysis (DCA) and the sensitivity analysis.We analyzed 22 germline polymorphisms in 14 DRGs on 542 Caucasian PCa patients treated with RT as primary therapy. Significant associations were further tested with a bootstrapping technique. According to our analyses, ERCC2-rs1799793 and EXO1-rs4149963 were significantly associated with BCR (p = 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively). Moreover, MSH6-rs3136228 was associated with a worse OS (p = 0.04). Nonetheless, the DCA and the sensitivity analyses gave no ultimate response about the clinical impact of such variants.This study highlights the potential prognostic role of polymorphisms in DRGs for PCa, paving the way to the introduction of not invasive tools for the personalization of patients management. Nonetheless, other prospective studies are necessary to ultimately clarify the clinical impact of pharmacogenetics in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Zanusso
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Roberto Bortolus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Eva Dreussi
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Marcella Montico
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Erika Cecchin
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Sara Gagno
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Mauro Arcicasa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Giacomo Novara
- Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
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14
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Borchiellini D, Etienne-Grimaldi M, Bensadoun R, Benezery K, Dassonville O, Poissonnet G, Llorca L, Ebran N, Formento P, Château Y, Thariat J, Milano G. Candidate apoptotic and DNA repair gene approach confirms involvement of ERCC1, ERCC5, TP53 and MDM2 in radiation-induced toxicity in head and neck cancer. Oral Oncol 2017; 67:70-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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The impact of DNA damage response gene polymorphisms on therapeutic outcomes in late stage ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38142. [PMID: 27905519 PMCID: PMC5131275 DOI: 10.1038/srep38142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Late stage epithelial ovarian cancer has a dismal prognosis. Identification of pharmacogenomic markers (i.e. polymorphisms) to stratify patients to optimize individual therapy is of paramount importance. We here report the retrospective analysis of polymorphisms in 5 genes (ATM, ATR, Chk1, Chk2 and CDK12) involved in the cellular response to platinum in a cohort of 240 cancer patients with late stage ovarian cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate associations between the above mentioned SNPs and patients’ clinical outcomes: overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). None of the ATM, ATR, Chk1 and Chk2 polymorphisms was found to significantly affect OS nor PFS in this cohort of patients. Genotype G/G of CDK12 polymorphism (rs1054488) predicted worse OS and PFS than the genotype A/A-A/G in univariate analysis. The predictive value was lost in the multivariate analysis. The positive correlation observed between this polymorphism and age, grade and residual tumor may explain why the CDK12 variant was not confirmed as an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis.The importance of CDK12 polymorphism as possible prognostic biomarker need to be confirmed in larger ovarian cancer cohorts, and possibly in other cancer population responsive to platinum agents.
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16
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Genetic Variants in CD44 and MAT1A Confer Susceptibility to Acute Skin Reaction in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016; 97:118-127. [PMID: 27816361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Heterogeneity in radiation therapy (RT)-induced normal tissue toxicity is observed in 10% of cancer patients, limiting the therapeutic outcomes. In addition to treatment-related factors, normal tissue adverse reactions also manifest from genetic alterations in distinct pathways majorly involving DNA damage-repair genes, inflammatory cytokine genes, cell cycle regulation, and antioxidant response. Therefore, the common sequence variants in these radioresponsive genes might modify the severity of normal tissue toxicity, and the identification of the same could have clinical relevance as a predictive biomarker. METHODS AND MATERIALS The present study was conducted in a cohort of patients with breast cancer to evaluate the possible associations between genetic variants in radioresponsive genes described previously and the risk of developing RT-induced acute skin adverse reactions. We tested 22 genetic variants reported in 18 genes (ie, NFE2L2, OGG1, NEIL3, RAD17, PTTG1, REV3L, ALAD, CD44, RAD9A, TGFβR3, MAD2L2, MAP3K7, MAT1A, RPS6KB2, ZNF830, SH3GL1, BAX, and XRCC1) using TaqMan assay-based real-time polymerase chain reaction. At the end of RT, the severity of skin damage was scored, and the subjects were dichotomized as nonoverresponders (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group grade <2) and overresponders (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group grade ≥2) for analysis. RESULTS Of the 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms studied, the rs8193 polymorphism lying in the micro-RNA binding site of 3'-UTR of CD44 was significantly (P=.0270) associated with RT-induced adverse skin reactions. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis showed significant (P=.0107) gene-gene interactions between MAT1A and CD44. Furthermore, an increase in the total number of risk alleles was associated with increasing occurrence of overresponses (P=.0302). CONCLUSIONS The genetic polymorphisms in radioresponsive genes act as genetic modifiers of acute normal tissue toxicity outcomes after RT by acting individually (rs8193), by gene-gene interactions (MAT1A and CD44), and/or by the additive effects of risk alleles.
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Rumiato E, Boldrin E, Malacrida S, Battaglia G, Bocus P, Castoro C, Cagol M, Chiarion-Sileni V, Ruol A, Amadori A, Saggioro D. A germline predictive signature of response to platinum chemotherapy in esophageal cancer. Transl Res 2016; 171:29-37.e1. [PMID: 26772957 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Platinum-based neoadjuvant therapy is the standard treatment for esophageal cancer (EC). At present, no reliable response markers exist, and patient therapeutic outcome is variable and very often unpredictable. The aim of this study was to understand the contribution of host constitutive DNA polymorphisms in discriminating between responder and nonresponder patients. DNA collected from 120 EC patients treated with platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy was analyzed using drug metabolism enzymes and transporters (DMET) array platform that interrogates polymorphisms in 225 genes of drug metabolism and disposition. Four gene variants of DNA repair machinery, 2 in ERCC1 (rs11615; rs3212986), and 2 in XPD (rs1799793; rs13181) were also studied. Association analysis was performed with pTest software and corrected by permutation test. Predictive models of response were created using the receiver-operating characteristics curve approach and adjusted by the bootstrap procedure. Sixteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the DMET array resulted significantly associated with either good or poor response; no association was found for the 4 variants mapping in DNA repair genes. The predictive power of 5 DMET SNPs mapping in ABCC2, ABCC3, CYP2A6, PPARG, and SLC7A8 genes was greater than that of clinical factors alone (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.74 vs 0.62). Interestingly, their combination with the clinical variables significantly increased the predictivity of the model (AUC = 0.78 vs 0.62, P = 0.0016). In conclusion, we identified a genetic signature of response to platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in EC patients. Our results also disclose the potential benefit of combining genetic and clinical variables for personalized EC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Rumiato
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Boldrin
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Sandro Malacrida
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Battaglia
- Endoscopy Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bocus
- Endoscopy Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Castoro
- Oncological Surgery, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Cagol
- Oncological Surgery, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Ruol
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Amadori
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy; Department of Surgical Sciences, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniela Saggioro
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy.
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Guo CX, Yang GP, Pei Q, Yin JY, Tan HY, Yuan H. DNA repair gene polymorphisms do not predict response to radiotherapy-based multimodality treatment of patients with rectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:713-8. [PMID: 25684513 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.2.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND : A number of association studies have been carried out to investigate the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and response to radiotherapy-based multimodality treatment of patients with rectal cancer. However, their conclusions were inconsistent. The objective of the present study was to assess the role of DNA repair gene genetic polymorphisms in predicting genetic biomarkers of the response in rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studies were retrieved by searching the PubMed database, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ISI Web of Knowledge. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between genetic polymorphisms and the response in rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation by checking odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Data were extracted from 5 clinical studies for this meta-analysis. The results showed that XRCC1 RS25487, XRCC1 RS179978, XRCC3 RS861539, ERCC1 RS11615 and ERCC2 RS13181 were not associated with the response in the radiotherapy-based multimodality treatment of patients with rectal cancer (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that DNA repair gene common genetic polymorphisms are not significantly correlated with the radiotherapy-based multimodality treatment in rectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Xian Guo
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China E-mail :
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Influential Factors and Synergies for Radiation-Gene Therapy on Cancer. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2015; 2015:313145. [PMID: 26783511 PMCID: PMC4689877 DOI: 10.1155/2015/313145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-gene therapy, a dual anticancer strategy of radiation therapy and gene therapy through connecting radiation-inducible regulatory sequence to therapeutic gene, leading to the gene being induced to express by radiation while radiotherapy is performed and finally resulting in a double synergistic antitumor effect of radiation and gene, has become one of hotspots in the field of cancer treatment in recent years. But under routine dose of radiation, especially in the hypoxia environment of solid tumor, it is difficult for this therapy to achieve desired effect because of low activity of radiation-inducible regulatory elements, low level and transient expression of target gene induced by radiation, inferior target specificity and poor biosecurity, and so on. Based on the problems existing in radiation-gene therapy, many efforts have been devoted to the curative effect improvement of radiation-gene therapy by various means to increase radiation sensitivity or enhance target gene expression and the expression's controllability. Among these synergistic techniques, gene circuit, hypoxic sensitization, and optimization of radiation-induced sequence exhibit a good application potential. This review provides the main influential factors to radiation-gene therapy on cancer and the synergistic techniques to improve the anticancer effect of radiation-gene therapy.
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Evaluation of low-dose proton beam radiation efficiency in MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell line vitality and H2AX formation. Medicina (B Aires) 2015; 51:302-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medici.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Guo CX, Wang J, Huang LH, Li JG, Chen X. Impact of single-nucleotide polymorphisms on radiation pneumonitis in cancer patients. Mol Clin Oncol 2015; 4:3-10. [PMID: 26870349 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2015.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is one of the most important dose-limiting toxicities in the radiotherapy of thoracic tumors, which reduces the rate of local tumor control and overall survival and severely affects the patients' quality of life. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have recently attracted increasing attention as biomarkers for predicting the development of RP. SNPs in inflammation-related, DNA repair-related, stress response-related and angiogenesis-related genes were proved to be associated with RP, with different underlying mechanisms. Radiogenomics focuses on the differences in radiosensitivity caused by gene sequence variation, which may prove helpful in investigating the abovementioned associations. In this review, we aimed to investigate the associations between RP and SNPs reported in recent studies and highlight the main content and prospects of radiogenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Xian Guo
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Huang
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Gao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
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Genetic risk of subsequent esophageal cancer in lymphoma and breast cancer long-term survival patients: a pilot study. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2015; 16:266-71. [DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2015.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Pezzolo E, Modena Y, Corso B, Giusti P, Gusella M. Germ line polymorphisms as predictive markers for pre-surgical radiochemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: a 5-year literature update and critical review. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 71:529-39. [PMID: 25740678 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-015-1824-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Locally advanced rectal cancer is currently treated with pre-surgical radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Approximately one-half of patients obtain a relevant shrinkage/disappearance of tumour, with major clinical advantages. The remaining patients, in contrast, show no benefit and possibly need alternative treatment. To provide the best therapeutic option for each individual patient, predictive markers have been widely researched. This review was undertaken to evaluate recent progress made in this field. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and Scopus database, focused on germ line gene polymorphisms as biomarkers and response and toxicity as outcomes. Because an exhaustive previous review was available describing findings up to 2008, we restricted our analysis to the last 5 years. RESULTS Ten original research articles were found, reporting promising results for some candidate genes in drug metabolism (TYMS, MTHFR), DNA repair (XRCC1, OGG1, CCND1) and inflammation (SOD2, TGFB1)/immunity (IL13) pathways, but with no firm conclusion. All the studies had small sample size and were defined as exploratory. This review highlights pivotal molecular, clinical, genetic and statistical issues in the investigation of genetic polymorphisms as outcome predictors for rectal cancer and offers suggestions for future development. CONCLUSIONS What emerges is a clear need for new proposals, especially in view of the increasing evidence for tumour-host and gene-gene interactions during anticancer treatment, together with stronger adherence to proper methodological requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pezzolo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Largo Meneghetti, 2, 35131, Padua, Italy,
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Pezuk JA, Brassesco MS, Morales AG, de Oliveira JC, de Oliveira HF, Scrideli CA, Tone LG. Inhibition of polo-like kinase 1 induces cell cycle arrest and sensitizes glioblastoma cells to ionizing radiation. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2013; 28:516-22. [PMID: 23713868 PMCID: PMC3741430 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2012.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite efforts to improve surgical, radiologic, and chemotherapeutic strategies, the outcome of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) is still poor. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays key roles in cell cycle control and has been associated with tumor growth and prognosis. Here, we aimed at testing the radiosensitizing effects of the PLK1 inhibitor BI 2536 on eight GBM cell lines. For cell cycle analysis, T98G, U251, U343 MG-a, LN319, SF188, U138 MG, and U87 MG cell lines were treated with 10, 50, or 100 nM of BI 2536 for 24 hours. In addition, cell cultures exposed to BI 2536 50 nM for 24 hours were irradiated with γ-rays from (60)Cobalt source at final doses of 2, 4, and 6 Gy. Combinatorial effects were evaluated through proliferation and clonogenic capacity assays. Treatment with BI 2536 caused mitotic arrest after 24 hours, and increased apoptosis in GBM cells. Moreover, our results demonstrate that pretreatment with this drug sensitized six out of seven GBM cell lines to different doses of γ-irradiation as shown by decreased growth and abrogation of colony-formation capacity. Our data suggest that PLK1 blockage has a radiosensitizing effect on GBM, which could improve treatment strategies for this devastating tumor.
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Farnebo L, Tiefenböck K, Ansell A, Thunell LK, Garvin S, Roberg K. Strong expression of survivin is associated with positive response to radiotherapy and improved overall survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Int J Cancer 2013; 133:1994-2003. [PMID: 23564498 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a malignancy that is associated with severe mortality despite advances in therapy. Today's standard treatment most commonly includes radiotherapy, often combined with chemotherapy or surgery. There are so far no established biomarkers to predict response to radiation, and thus the aim of this study was to investigate a series of markers that could potentially identify HNSCC patients who would benefit from radiotherapy. The selected markers, both proteins (epidermal growth factor receptor, survivin and p53), and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes of XRCC3, XRCC1, XPC, XPD, MDM2, p53 and FGFR4 were correlated to the response to radiotherapy and overall survival. Investigations were performed on pretreatment tumor biopsies from patients classified as responders or nonresponders to radiotherapy. Protein expression was examined using immunohistochemistry and the genotyping of specific SNPs was analyzed using PCR-RFLP or pyrosequencing. We found that survivin expression was significantly stronger in the responder group (p = 0.003) and that patients with a strong survivin expression had a significantly better overall survival (p < 0.001). Moreover, downregulation of survivin by siRNA in two HNSCC cell lines significantly decreased their sensitivity to radiation. Among the SNPs analyzed, patients with the XPD Lys751Gln SNP had a significantly shorter overall survival (p = 0.048), and patients with the FGFR4 Gly388Arg SNP had a significantly longer overall survival (p = 0.010). In conclusion, our results suggest that survivin plays an important role in the response to radiotherapy and may be a useful marker for predicting radiotherapy response in patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovisa Farnebo
- Department of ENT-Head and Neck Surgery, UHL, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden
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Schoenfeld JD, Margalit DN, Kasperzyk JL, Shui IM, Rider JR, Epstein MM, Meisner A, Kenfield SA, Martin NE, Nguyen PL, Kantoff PW, Giovannucci EL, Stampfer MJ, Mucci LA. A single nucleotide polymorphism in inflammatory gene RNASEL predicts outcome after radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:1612-9. [PMID: 23382116 PMCID: PMC3602407 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-2718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in Ribonuclease L (RNASEL), a gene implicated in inflammation and prostate cancer risk, and outcomes after radiation therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We followed participants in the prospective US Health Professionals Follow-Up Study treated with radiation therapy for early-stage prostate cancer. Three SNPs were genotyped based on previously determined functional and biological significance. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to assess per-allele associations with the primary outcome defined as time to a composite endpoint including development of lethal prostate cancer or biochemical recurrence. RESULTS We followed 434 patients treated with radiation therapy for a median of 9 years. On multivariate analysis, the rs12757998 variant allele was associated with significantly decreased risk of the composite endpoint [HR: 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.45-0.94%; P = 0.02] driven by decreased biochemical recurrence (HR: 0.60; 95% CI, 0.40-0.89%; P = 0.01) and men treated with external beam (HR: 0.58; 95% CI, 0.36-0.93%; P = 0.02). In contrast, in 516 men from the same cohort treated with radical prostatectomy, we found no significant impact of this variant on outcome. Furthermore, the rs12757998 variant allele significantly modified the association between androgen deprivation therapy and outcomes after radiation therapy (p-interaction = 0.02). CONCLUSION We show an association between RNASEL SNP rs12757998 and outcome after radiation therapy for prostate cancer. This SNP is associated with increased circulating C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, suggesting a potential role for inflammation in the response to radiation. If validated, genetic predictors of outcome may help inform prostate cancer management.
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Brassesco MS, Pezuk JA, de Oliveira JC, Valera ET, de Oliveira HF, Scrideli CA, Umezawa K, Tone LG. Activator protein-1 inhibition by 3-[(dodecylthiocarbonyl)methyl]-glutamaride impairs invasion and radiosensitizes osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2013; 28:351-8. [PMID: 23350896 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2012.1305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. Despite advances in neoadjuvant multi-agent chemotherapy, the outcome of patients has not significantly improved in the last decades, making the search for more effective therapeutic agents imperative. In the present study, we explored the possibility of using activator protein-1 inhibition by 3-[(dodecylthiocarbonyl)methyl]-glutarimide (DTCM-g) as a new therapeutic strategy in two OS cell lines, HOS and MG-63. Our results showed that low concentrations (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μg/mL) of the drug significantly decreased cell proliferation and clonogenic capacity, albeit it did not significantly induce cell death. DTCM-g also decreased cell invasiveness, and inhibited PDPN, MMP-2, TIMP1, and TIMP2 expressions. Moreover, our results showed that DTCM-g synergized with ionizing radiation in both cell lines while chemosensitized MG-63 cells to doxorubicin treatment. Even though additional laboratorial and preclinical tests are still needed to support our data, we demonstrate that DTCM-g inhibits growth in OS cells, increases the cytotoxicity of other commonly used agents, and may possess antimetastatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Sol Brassesco
- 1 Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Wang P, Ni Y, Kokot S. A novel dsDNA/polydiphenylamine-4-sulfonic acid electrochemical biosensor for selective detection of the toxic catechol and related DNA damage. Analyst 2013; 138:1141-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an36389e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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