1
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Du H, Xie W, Chen W, Wang Y, Liao Y, Qiu M, Li J. Independent association between prostate-specific antigen nadir and PSA progression-free survival in first-line abiraterone acetate treatment in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients: a pilot study. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1348324. [PMID: 38898958 PMCID: PMC11186375 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1348324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is limited evidence regarding the correlation between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics and clinical outcomes. Therefore, after regulating other covariates, we studied patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer who received abiraterone acetate as the first-line treatment. In this study, we investigated whether time to PSA nadir was independently associated with PSA progression-free survival (PFS). Methods As a retrospective cohort study, this study contained a total of 77 castration-resistant prostate cancer patients who received abiraterone acetate from October 2015 to April 2021 in a Chinese hospital. The dependent variable was PSA-PFS. The objective independent variable was time to PSA nadir (TTPN). Covariates involved in this study included age, duration of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), PSA level at baseline, time of 50% PSA decline, time of PSA decline to nadir, Gleason score, bone metastasis, previous treatment, PSA decline <50% in 3 months, PSA to nadir in 3 months, PSA decline <90%, PSA decline <0.2 ng/mL, and PSA flare. Results For the 77 subjects, their mean age was 72.70 ± 8.08 years. Fully calibrated linear regression findings indicated that PSA decline and kinetics were positively associated with PFS (months) after adjusting confounders (β = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.11-1.44). A non-linear relationship was not detected between PSA decline or PSA kinetics and progression-free survival. Conclusion According to the data of this study, there was a correlation between early PSA changes and patients treated with abiraterone acetate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Du
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjuan Xie
- Human Anatomy and Tissue Embryo Experiment Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Liao
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxing Qiu
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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2
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Has Simsek D, Kuyumcu S, Karadogan S, Ozkan ZG, Isik EG, Basaran M, Sanli MO, Sanli Y. Outcome of 177 Lu-PSMA Radionuclide Treatment in Advanced Prostate Cancer and Its Association With Clinical Parameters : A Single-Center Experience. Clin Nucl Med 2022; 47:e521-e528. [PMID: 35543629 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000004222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was set out to analyze the efficacy and safety of 177 Lu-PSMA-617 (LuPSMA) treatment in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Progressive mCRPC patients who received at least 1 cycle of LuPSMA therapy were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic, clinic, and histopathological data were documented. Treatment efficacy was determined based on biochemical response criteria (Prostate Cancer Clinical Trial Working Group 3), and toxicity rates were defined based on CTCAE v4.03. The prognostic significance of laboratory/clinical data and 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT quantitative results were analyzed using SPSS Version 24.0. RESULTS One hundred patients (median prostate-specific antigen [PSA] level, 75.7 ng/mL) who met the eligibility criteria were identified. The median number of cycles received per patient was 3 (range, 1-9). After the first cycles of LuPSMA, biochemical partial response, biochemical stable disease, and biochemical progressive disease were observed in 31%, 36%, and 33% of patients, respectively. Any PSA decline was determined in 60% of patients. After the fourth cycle of treatment, biochemical partial response, biochemical stable disease, and biochemical progressive disease were defined in 48%, 26%, and 26% of patients, respectively. The median overall survival (OS) from the first cycle of LuPSMA was 14 months. Patients who had any PSA response after the first cycle had significantly longer OS than nonresponders (median OS: 17 vs 9 months; P ≤ 0.001). Total PSMA-derived tumor volume ( P = 0.004), total PSMA activity per lesion ( P = 0.01), PSA ( P = 0.007), alkaline phosphatase ( P = 0.002), lactate dehydrogenase ( P < 0.001), and hemoglobin ( P < 0.001) were significant prognostic factors for OS in univariate Cox regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS LuPSMA therapy is a favorable treatment for mCRPC with remarkable therapeutic efficacy and low toxicity rates, even in progressive disease under standard therapies. Baseline PSMA-based tumor burden, PSA, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and hemoglobin were significant predictors of OS and can be useful for selection of the best candidate for LuPSMA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Has Simsek
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine
| | - Serkan Kuyumcu
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine
| | | | | | - Emine Goknur Isik
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine
| | - Mert Basaran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Oncology
| | - Mehmet Oner Sanli
- Department of Urology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Sanli
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine
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3
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Snipaitiene K, Bakavicius A, Lazutka JR, Ulys A, Jankevicius F, Jarmalaite S. Urinary microRNAs can predict response to abiraterone acetate in castration resistant prostate cancer: A pilot study. Prostate 2022; 82:475-482. [PMID: 34970742 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite novel agents have been introduced to treat castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) during the last decade, up to one-third of CRPC patients face primary resistance to new generation compounds. Therefore, sensitive molecular tools are urgently needed for reliable treatment selection and response prediction. This study aimed to evaluate urinary miRNAs and blood circulating androgen receptor (AR) transcript level as a tool for noninvasive outcome prediction for CRPC patients undergoing abiraterone acetate (AA) therapy. METHODS Prostate cancer-specific miR-148a, -365, -375, and -429 were analyzed in 129 urine samples collected from 100 CRPC patients before and during AA therapy via quantitative reverse transcription PCR. To test the prognostic value, urinary miRNA levels alone, as well as combined with AR level were associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Level of urinary miR-375 was the highest in CRPC in comparison to noncancerous controls, as well as in combination with miR-429 was predictive for short PFS in AA-treated patients (HR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1-4.2, p = 0.023). Especially high prognostic power of all analyzed miRNAs was observed in CRPC cases with high blood AR levels. For PFS prediction a tandem of miR-429 and high AR reached HR of 5.0 (95% CI: 2.2-11.8, p < 0.001), while for prediction of OS the best combination was demonstrated by miR-148a and AR with HR of 3.1 (95% CI: 1.4-7.1, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Urinary miRNAs could be used as prognostic biomarkers for CRPC patients to predict response to AA therapy, especially for the cases with high blood AR levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Snipaitiene
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- National Cancer Institute of Lithuania, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arnas Bakavicius
- National Cancer Institute of Lithuania, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Urology Centre, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Juozas R Lazutka
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Albertas Ulys
- National Cancer Institute of Lithuania, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Feliksas Jankevicius
- National Cancer Institute of Lithuania, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sonata Jarmalaite
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- National Cancer Institute of Lithuania, Vilnius, Lithuania
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4
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Duffy MJ. Biomarkers for prostate cancer: prostate-specific antigen and beyond. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 58:326-339. [PMID: 31714881 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2019-0693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, several new biomarkers supplementing the role of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) have become available for men with prostate cancer. Although widely used in an ad hoc manner, the role of PSA in screening asymptomatic men for prostate cancer is controversial. Several expert panels, however, have recently recommended limited PSA screening following informed consent in average-risk men, aged 55-69 years. As a screening test for prostate cancer however, PSA has limited specificity and leads to overdiagnosis which in turn results in overtreatment. To increase specificity and reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies, biomarkers such as percent free PSA, prostate health index (PHI) or the 4K score may be used, while Progensa PCA3 may be measured to reduce the number of repeat biopsies in men with a previously negative biopsy. In addition to its role in screening, PSA is also widely used in the management of patients with diagnosed prostate cancer such as in surveillance following diagnosis, monitoring response to therapy and in combination with both clinical and histological criteria in risk stratification for recurrence. For determining aggressiveness and predicting outcome, especially in low- or intermediate-risk men, tissue-based multigene tests such as Decipher, Oncotype DX (Prostate), Prolaris and ProMark, may be used. Emerging therapy predictive biomarkers include AR-V7 for predicting lack of response to specific anti-androgens (enzalutamide, abiraterone), BRAC1/2 mutations for predicting benefit from PARP inhibitor and PORTOS for predicting benefit from radiotherapy. With the increased availability of multiple biomarkers, personalised treatment for men with prostate cancer is finally on the horizon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Duffy
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland.,UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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5
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Liu L, Zheng C, Kang J. Exploring causality mechanism in the joint analysis of longitudinal and survival data. Stat Med 2018; 37:3733-3744. [PMID: 29882359 DOI: 10.1002/sim.7838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In many biomedical studies, disease progress is monitored by a biomarker over time, eg, repeated measures of CD4 in AIDS and hemoglobin in end-stage renal disease patients. The endpoint of interest, eg, death or diagnosis of a specific disease, is correlated with the longitudinal biomarker. In this paper, we examine and compare different models of longitudinal and survival data to investigate causal mechanisms, specifically, those related to the role of random effects. We illustrate the methods by data from two clinical trials: an AIDS study and a liver cirrhosis study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cheng Zheng
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Joseph Kang
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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6
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Nielsen TK, Højgaard M, Andersen JT, Jørgensen NR, Zerahn B, Kristensen B, Henriksen T, Lykkesfeldt J, Mikines KJ, Poulsen HE. Weekly ascorbic acid infusion in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients: a single-arm phase II trial. Transl Androl Urol 2017; 6:517-528. [PMID: 28725594 PMCID: PMC5503969 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2017.04.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ascorbic acid (AA) has in vivo cytotoxic properties at concentrations that can only be achieved through intravenous (IV) administration in humans. Treatment with intravenous AA is widely and increasingly used in complementary medicine despite a lack of clinical evidence for the efficacy of this treatment. METHODS This non-comparative, single-center, phase II trial included patients with chemotherapy-naïve, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) from an outpatient clinic to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IV AA therapy. Patients received weekly infusions of AA (week 1, 5 g; week 2, 30 g; and weeks 3-12, 60 g) followed by efficacy evaluation at 12 weeks. The primary endpoint for efficacy was a 50% reduction in the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. The secondary endpoints included changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), biomarkers of bone metabolism, inflammation and bone scans. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01080352. RESULTS Twenty-three patients were enrolled in this study, and 20 completed the efficacy evaluation at 12 weeks. The mean baseline PSA level was 43 µg/L. No patient achieved a 50% PSA reduction; instead, a median increase in PSA of 17 µg/L was recorded at week 12. Among the secondary endpoints, no signs of disease remission were observed. In total, 53 adverse events (AEs) were recorded. Eleven were graded as "serious". Three AEs were directly related to AA, and all of which were related to fluid load. CONCLUSIONS Infusion with 60 g of AA did not result in disease remission. This study does not support the use of intravenous AA outside clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben K Nielsen
- Department of Urology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Højgaard
- Department of Urology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jon T Andersen
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Niklas Rye Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bo Zerahn
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Bent Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Trine Henriksen
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kári J Mikines
- Department of Urology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik E Poulsen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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7
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Independent association between time to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nadir and PSA progression-free survival in patients with docetaxel-naïve, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving abiraterone acetate, but not enzalutamide. Urol Oncol 2017; 35:432-437. [PMID: 28188090 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to compare the prognostic effect of time to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nadir (TTPN) after treatment with abiraterone acetate (AA) and enzalutamide (Enz) in patients with docetaxel-naïve, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). METHODS This study included a total of 297 consecutive patients with mCRPC, of whom 125 and 172 received AA and Enz, respectively, without previous treatment with docetaxel and subsequently achieved any degree of PSA reduction after the administration of either agent. RESULTS The mean values of TTPN in the AA and Enz groups were 19 and 14 weeks, respectively. Despite the lack of significant differences in several parameters according to the mean TTPN in the Enz group, patients with TTPN>19 weeks were characterized by longer duration of androgen deprivation therapy, better performance status, lower incidence of bone metastasis, lower value of nadir PSA, and higher incidence of PSA response than those with TTPN ≤19 weeks in the AA group. The PSA progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with TTPN >19 weeks was significantly superior when compared with TTPN ≤19 weeks in the AA group; however, there was no significant effect of the mean TTPN on the PSA-PFS in the Enz group. Furthermore, TTPN was identified as one of the independent predictors of PSA-PFS in the AA group but not in Enz group. CONCLUSIONS A longer time to reach a PSA nadir after treatment with AA, but not Enz, appeared to be associated with favorable disease control in patients with docetaxel-naïve mCRPC.
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8
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Gorin MA, Rowe SP, Denmeade SR. Clinical Applications of Molecular Imaging in the Management of Prostate Cancer. PET Clin 2017; 12:185-192. [PMID: 28267452 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
At the heart of selecting an optimal management strategy for men with prostate cancer is accurately determining a given patient's clinical stage and extent of disease. Molecular imaging with PET using properly selected radiotracers offers the opportunity for improved contrast resolution over conventional imaging and thus increased sensativity for detecting sites of disease. In addition, molecular imaging provides the prospect of obtaining functional or biological information regarding a patient's cancer. To date, several PET radiotracers have been developed for prostate cancer imaging. This review summarizes the potential clinical applications of molecular imaging in the management of men with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Gorin
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Marburg 118, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Steven P Rowe
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Samuel R Denmeade
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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9
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D'Arcangelo M, Margetts J, Greystoke A. The use of circulating biomarkers in early clinical trials in patients with cancer. Biomark Med 2015; 9:1011-23. [PMID: 26441037 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.15.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of targeted therapies has changed the approach to early oncological clinical trial design. Identification of patient populations most likely to derive benefit and the biologically effective dose are now as important as determination of the maximum tolerated dose. Completion of the 'pharmacological audit trail' highlights drugs most likely to progress through to license, so resources can be allocated appropriately. Key to the success of this changing model is the validation/qualification of circulating biomarkers. These might provide a readily accessible and dynamic picture of drug effect, tumor response and toxicity with minimum risk to patients. This review article examines circulating biomarkers currently used in early oncological clinical trials. It considers the evidence for their employment, limitations and challenges for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manolo D'Arcangelo
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jane Margetts
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alastair Greystoke
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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10
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Goto Y, Kojima S, Nishikawa R, Kurozumi A, Kato M, Enokida H, Matsushita R, Yamazaki K, Ishida Y, Nakagawa M, Naya Y, Ichikawa T, Seki N. MicroRNA expression signature of castration-resistant prostate cancer: the microRNA-221/222 cluster functions as a tumour suppressor and disease progression marker. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:1055-65. [PMID: 26325107 PMCID: PMC4651127 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Our present study of the microRNA (miRNA) expression signature in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) revealed that the clustered miRNAs microRNA-221 (miR-221) and microRNA-222 (miR-222) are significantly downregulated in cancer tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional roles of miR-221 and miR-222 in prostate cancer (PCa) cells. Methods: A CRPC miRNA signature was constructed by PCR-based array methods. Functional studies of differentially expressed miRNAs were analysed using PCa cells. The association between miRNA expression and overall survival was estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. In silico database and genome-wide gene expression analyses were performed to identify molecular targets regulated by the miR-221/222 cluster. Results: miR-221 and miR-222 were significantly downregulated in PCa and CRPC specimens. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that low expression of miR-222 predicted a short duration of progression to CRPC. Restoration of miR-221 or miR-222 in cancer cells revealed that both miRNAs significantly inhibited cancer cell migration and invasion. Ecm29 was directly regulated by the miR-221/222 cluster in PCa cells. Conclusions: Loss of the tumour-suppressive miR-221/222 cluster enhanced migration and invasion in PCa cells. Our data describing targets regulated by the tumour-suppressive miR-221/222 cluster provide insights into the mechanisms of PCa and CRPC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Goto
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoko Kojima
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Centre, Chiba, Japan
| | - Rika Nishikawa
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Kurozumi
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mayuko Kato
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideki Enokida
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Matsushita
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuto Yamazaki
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Centre, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ishida
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Centre, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yukio Naya
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Centre, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ichikawa
- Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naohiko Seki
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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11
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Goto Y, Kojima S, Nishikawa R, Enokida H, Chiyomaru T, Kinoshita T, Nakagawa M, Naya Y, Ichikawa T, Seki N. The microRNA-23b/27b/24-1 cluster is a disease progression marker and tumor suppressor in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 5:7748-59. [PMID: 25115396 PMCID: PMC4202158 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our recent study of microRNA (miRNA) expression signatures in prostate cancer (PCa) has revealed that all members of the miR-23b/27b/24-1 cluster are significantly downregulated in PCa tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of these clustered miRNAs as a disease progression marker and to determine the functional significance of these clustered miRNAs in PCa. Expression of the miR-23b/27b/24-1 cluster was significantly reduced in PCa tissues. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that low expression of miR-27b predicted a short duration of progression to castration-resistant PCa. Gain-of-function studies using mature miR-23b, miR-27b, and miR-24-1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in PCa cells (PC3 and DU145). To identify the molecular targets of these miRNAs, we carried out gene expression and in silico database analyses. GOLM1 was directly regulated by miR-27b in PCa cells. Elucidation of the molecular targets and pathways regulated by the tumor-suppressive microRNAs should shed light on the oncogenic and metastatic processes in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Goto
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan. Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoko Kojima
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Rika Nishikawa
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan. Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideki Enokida
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Chiyomaru
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Kinoshita
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yukio Naya
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ichikawa
- Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naohiko Seki
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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12
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Karzai FH, Madan RA, Figg WD. Beyond PSA: managing modern therapeutic options in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. South Med J 2015; 108:224-8. [PMID: 25871992 DOI: 10.14423/smj.0000000000000266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains a significant cause of cancer-related deaths in men in the United States. Significant advances in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer have been made in recent years with the arrival of new therapeutic targets and options. The definition of progression of disease must be thought of in the context of clinical symptoms and radiographic evidence rather than as changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Ultimately, the use of PSA criteria alone should not be used to determine the progression of disease; instead, PSA should be evaluated in combination with other clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima H Karzai
- From the Medical Oncology Service, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ravi A Madan
- From the Medical Oncology Service, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William D Figg
- From the Medical Oncology Service, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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Droz JP, Medioni J, Chevreau C, De Mont-Serrat H, Merger M, Stopfer P, Kaiser R, Oudard S. Randomized phase II study of nintedanib in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer postdocetaxel. Anticancer Drugs 2015; 25:1081-8. [PMID: 24849708 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This open-label, phase II trial assessed the efficacy and safety of two doses of nintedanib, a triple angiokinase inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor signaling, in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) following progression on docetaxel-based regimens. Patients were randomized to nintedanib 150 mg (arm A, n=40) or 250 mg (arm B, n=41) twice daily for 6 months unless disease progression or adverse events (AEs) led to discontinuation. The primary endpoint was the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response rate (confirmed PSA decline of ≥20% from baseline). Eighty-one patients were enrolled. The PSA response rate was 0% (0/32) in arm A versus 11.1% (4/36) in arm B (P=0.12); 5.6% of patients (2/36) in arm B showed a PSA reduction of at least 50%. In arm B, the rate of PSA increase was significantly decelerated on treatment versus before treatment (P=0.002). The median progression-free survival was 73.5 and 76.0 days for arm A and arm B, respectively (P=0.3). AEs included gastrointestinal disorders, asthenia, hypertension, and reversible elevated transaminases. The incidence of drug-related serious AEs (no drug-related deaths) was 20.0% (arm A) and 24.4% (arm B). The primary endpoint was not met. Nintedanib (250 mg) showed only modest activity with manageable AEs in patients with mCRPC post-docetaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Droz
- aDepartment of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon-Bérard, Claude Bernard Lyon-1 University, Lyon bMedical Oncology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital (HEGP), Paris cDepartment of Medical Oncology, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse dBoehringer Ingelheim France S.A.S, Reims, France eBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
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Klyushnenkova EN, Riabov VB, Kouiavskaia DV, Wietsma A, Zhan M, Alexander RB. Breaking immune tolerance by targeting CD25+ regulatory T cells is essential for the anti-tumor effect of the CTLA-4 blockade in an HLA-DR transgenic mouse model of prostate cancer. Prostate 2014; 74:1423-32. [PMID: 25111463 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies suggest that the cancer immunotherapy based on the blockade of the CTLA-4-mediated inhibitory pathway is efficacious only in select populations, predominantly for immunogenic tumors or when delivered in combination with modalities that can break immunologic tolerance to tumor antigens. METHODS We studied the effect of CD25+ cell depletion and CTLA-4 blockade on the growth of Transgenic Mouse Adenocarcinoma of Prostate (TRAMP)-PSA tumor cells in DR2bxPSA F1 mice. In these mice, immunological tolerance to PSA was established in a context of the HLA-DRB1*1501(DR2b) allele. RESULTS In our model, single administration of anti-CD25 antibody prior to tumor inoculation significantly increased IFN-γ production in response to the CD8 T cell epitope PSA65-73 , and delayed TRAMP-PSA tumor growth compared to mice treated with isotype control antibodies. In contrast, the anti-tumor effect of the anti-CTLA-4 antibody as a monotherapy was marginal. The combinatory treatment with anti-CD25/anti-CTLA-4 antibodies significantly enhanced anti-tumor immunity and caused more profound delay in tumor growth compared to each treatment alone. The proportion of tumor-free animals was higher in the group that received combination treatment (21%) compared to other groups (2-7%). The enhanced anti-tumor immunity in response to the CD25 depletion or CTLA-4 blockade was only seen in the immunogenic TRAMP-PSA tumor model, whereas the effect was completely absent in mice bearing poorly immunogenic TRAMP-C1 tumors. DISCUSSION Our data suggest that breaking immunological tolerance to "self" antigens is essential for the therapeutic effect of CTLA-4 blockade. Such combinatory treatment may be a promising approach for prostate cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena N Klyushnenkova
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland; VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland
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Colloca G, Venturino A, Governato I. End points of clinical trials in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: A systematic review. World J Methodol 2014; 4:123-132. [PMID: 25332911 PMCID: PMC4202480 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v4.i2.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To review the definition and performance of the commonly used end points in trials of systemic therapies in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients.
METHODS: A literature search was undertaken on PubMed database to identify studies meeting established criteria, with the aim of selecting randomized clinical trials and study definition and performance of their end points. The end points were grouped into three categories: overall survival (OS), time-to-event end points, and response end points. A special analysis was performed for secondary end points of the studies which documented a benefit in OS in the experimental arm. Finally, publishes analyses for surrogacy of the included end points were also reported.
RESULTS: OS, time-to-event and response end points in 31 selected trials were analyzed. OS was the primary end point in 14 trials, and the secondary end point in 17. A time-to-event end point was the primary end point in 8 studies, and the secondary end point in 22; the most reported time-to-event end points were composite end points, and the events changed among trials. A response end point was the primary end point in 9 studies, in 3 it was prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-related, in 3 pain-related and in 3 mixed. A response end point was the secondary end point in 19 studies: PSA response and radiologic response were the most frequently used secondary end points in 19 and 11 trials, respectively, while pain response was used in 5 studies.
CONCLUSION: A homogeneous definition of progression in future trials is mandatory. Among response end points, pain-response and PSA-response appear to be the most reliable.
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MAGADOUX L, ISAMBERT N, PLENCHETTE S, JEANNIN J, LAURENS V. Emerging targets to monitor and overcome docetaxel resistance in castration resistant prostate cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2014; 45:919-28. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Caffo O, Veccia A, Maines F, Bonetta A, Spizzo G, Galligioni E. Potential value of rapid prostate-specific antigen decline in identifying primary resistance to abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide. Future Oncol 2014; 10:985-93. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Aim: To identify factors predicting primary resistance to new-generation hormonal agents (NHAs), abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Patients & methods: Our hospital has conducted two successive named patient NHA programs. A total of 57 patients with progressive CRPC previously treated with first-line docetaxel-based chemotherapy received standard NHA doses: abiraterone acetate 1000 mg once-daily combined with prednisone (5 mg twice daily) or enzalutamide 160 mg once-daily. Patients, who were assessed monthly to check their hematological parameters and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, also underwent imaging investigations every 3–4 months. In total, 24 variables were assessed as potential predictors of primary NHA resistance. Results: Univariate analysis indicated that baseline pain and lactate dehydrogenase levels, and PSA levels after 1 month’s treatment were predictive of primary NHA resistance. Only the predictive value of PSA levels after 1 month of treatment was confirmed at multivariate analysis. This factor strongly predicted progression-free and overall survival. Conclusion: Results suggest the use of a simple and rapid method of identifying patients with primary resistance to NHAs: patients not achieving a ≥50% reduction in PSA levels within the first treatment month should undergo intensive investigations to verify whether they have primary resistance to NHAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orazio Caffo
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Antonello Veccia
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Francesca Maines
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Gilbert Spizzo
- Medical Oncology Department, Civil Hospital, Merano, Italy
| | - Enzo Galligioni
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
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Rothermundt C, Hayoz S, Templeton AJ, Winterhalder R, Strebel RT, Bärtschi D, Pollak M, Lui L, Endt K, Schiess R, Rüschoff JH, Cathomas R, Gillessen S. Metformin in chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter phase 2 trial (SAKK 08/09). Eur Urol 2014; 66:468-74. [PMID: 24412228 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence linking metformin to improved prostate cancer (PCa)-related outcomes. OBJECTIVE To evaluate treatment with metformin in patients with castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) and the effect of the treatment on progression-free survival (PFS) and PSA doubling time (PSA DT). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Forty-four men with progressive metastatic CRPC from 10 Swiss centers were included in this single-arm phase 2 trial between December 2010 and December 2011. INTERVENTION Patients received metformin 1000 mg twice daily until disease progression. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The primary end point was the absence of disease progression at 12 wk. Simon two-stage optimal design was applied. With a 5% significance level and 90% power, 44 patients were required to test PFS at 12 wk ≤ 15% (H0) compared with ≥ 35% (H1). RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Thirty-six percent of patients were progression-free at 12 wk, 9.1% were progression-free at 24 wk, and in two patients a confirmed ≥ 50% prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline was demonstrated. In 23 patients (52.3%) we observed a prolongation of PSA DT after starting metformin. The homeostatic model assessment index fell by 26% from baseline to 12 wk, indicating an improvement in insulin sensitivity. There was a significant change in insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 from baseline to 12 wk. Sample size and lack of a control arm are the limitations of this trial; analyses are therefore exploratory. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with metformin is safe in nondiabetic patients, and it yields objective PSA responses and may induce disease stabilization. The activity of metformin in PCa, along with its low cost, favorable toxicity profile, and positive effect on metabolic parameters, suggests that further investigation of metformin as therapy for patients with PCa is of interest. PATIENT SUMMARY In this trial we assessed the use of the diabetes mellitus drug metformin in patients with advanced prostate cancer. We found disease stabilization and prolongation of prostate-specific antigen doubling time in some patients as well as effects on metabolic parameters. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT01243385. PREVIOUS PRESENTATION The study was presented at ESMO 2012 (abstract 1460).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arnoud J Templeton
- Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; SAKK Coordinating Center Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Michael Pollak
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research Jewish General Hospital Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Lillianne Lui
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research Jewish General Hospital Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | | | - Jan H Rüschoff
- Institute of Surgical Pathology University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Merseburger AS, Bellmunt J, Jenkins C, Parker C, Fitzpatrick JM. Perspectives on treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Oncologist 2013; 18:558-67. [PMID: 23671006 PMCID: PMC3662847 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2012-0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The arrival of several new agents--cabazitaxel, abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, and radium-223--is changing the treatment options and management of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Many other novel agents are also being investigated. As new drugs become approved, new treatment strategies and markers to best select which patients will best respond to which drug are needed. This review article is a summary of a European Treatment Practices Meeting, which was convened to discuss these latest data on novel agents and current treatment strategies in the mCRPC setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel S Merseburger
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Fahrenholtz CD, Beltran PJ, Burnstein KL. Targeting IGF-IR with ganitumab inhibits tumorigenesis and increases durability of response to androgen-deprivation therapy in VCaP prostate cancer xenografts. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:394-404. [PMID: 23348048 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men. While tumors initially respond to androgen-deprivation therapy, the standard care for advanced or metastatic disease, tumors eventually recur as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Upregulation of the insulin-like growth factor receptor type I (IGF-IR) signaling axis drives growth and progression of prostate cancer by promoting proliferation, survival, and angiogenesis. Ganitumab (formerly AMG 479) is a fully human antibody that inhibits binding of IGF-I and IGF-II to IGF-IR. We evaluated the therapeutic value of ganitumab in several preclinical settings including androgen-dependent prostate cancer, CRPC, and in combination with androgen-deprivation therapy. Ganitumab inhibited IGF-I-induced phosphorylation of the downstream effector AKT and reduced proliferation of multiple androgen-dependent and castration-resistant human prostate cancer cell lines in vitro. Ganitumab inhibited androgen-dependent VCaP xenograft growth and increased tumor-doubling time from 2.3 ± 0.4 weeks to 6.4 ± 0.4 weeks. Ganitumab blocked growth of castration-resistant VCaP xenografts for over 11.5 weeks of treatment. In contrast, ganitumab did not have appreciable effects on the castration-resistant CWR-22Rv1 xenograft model. Ganitumab was most potent against VCaP xenografts when combined with complete androgen-deprivation therapy (castration). Tumor volume was reduced by 72% after 4 weeks of treatment and growth suppression was maintained over 16 weeks of treatment. These data suggest that judicious use of ganitumab particularly in conjunction with androgen-deprivation therapy may be beneficial in the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cale D Fahrenholtz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Wang J, Chen G, Jiang H, Li Z, Wang X. Advances in nano-scaled biosensors for biomedical applications. Analyst 2013; 138:4427-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an00438d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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