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Zhao L, Wang Y, Mu P, Zhang X, Qi R, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Zhu X, Dong Z, Dong Y. IGFBP3 induces PD-L1 expression to promote glioblastoma immune evasion. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:60. [PMID: 38326861 PMCID: PMC10851611 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03234-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) characterized by immune escape is the most malignant primary brain tumors, which has strong immunosuppressive effect. Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is a recognized immunosuppressive member on the surface of tumor cells, and plays a crucial role in immune evasion of tumors. Actually, little is known about the regulation of PD-L1 expression in GBM. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) is upregulated in GBM and is related to poor patient prognosis. However, it remains unclear whether IGFBP3 plays a role in the regulation of PD-L1 expression in GBM. METHODS The role of IGFBP3 in the glioma immune microenvironment was investigated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. The correlation between IGFBP3 and PD-L1 expression was analyzed using TCGA and CGGA databases. QRT-PCR, immunoblotting and RNA-seq were used to examine the regulatory effect of IGFBP3 on PD-L1 expression. Co-culture assay, cell counting kit (CCK-8), qRT-PCR, ELISA and flow cytometry were performed to explore the function of IGFBP3 in inducing immunosuppression. The biological role of IGFBP3 was verified using immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence and mice orthotopic tumor model. RESULTS In this study, we analyzed immune cells infiltration in gliomas and found that IGFBP3 may be associated with an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Then, by analyzing TCGA and CGGA databases, our results showed that IGFBP3 and PD-L1 expression were positively correlated in GBM patients, but not in LGG patients. In vitro experiments conducted on different GBM cell lines revealed that the overexpression of IGFBP3 led to an increase in PD-L1 expression, which was reversible upon knockdown IGFBP3. Mechanistically, IGFBP3 activated the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, leading to an increase in PD-L1 expression. Additionally, co-culture experiments results showed IGFBP3 overexpression induced upregulation of PD-L1 expression promoted apoptosis in Jurkat cells, and this effect was blocked by IGFBP3 antibody and PDL-1 inhibitors. Importantly, in vivo experiments targeting IGFBP3 suppressed tumor growth and significantly prolonged the survival of mice. CONCLUSIONS This research demonstrated IGFBP3 is a novel regulator for PD-L1 expression in GBM, and identified a new mechanism by which IGFBP3 regulates immune evasion through PD-L1, suggesting that IGFBP3 may be a potential novel target for GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Yudi Wang
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Peizheng Mu
- School of Computer and Normal Engineering, Yantai University, Qingquan Road 30, Yantai, 264005, Shandong, China
| | - Xuehua Zhang
- Department of Precision Biomedical Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Ruomei Qi
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Yurui Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- School of Computer and Normal Engineering, Yantai University, Qingquan Road 30, Yantai, 264005, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhouyan Dong
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
| | - Yucui Dong
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
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Kagami LP, Gonçalves IL, da Silva ÁC, Silva AC, das Neves GM, Göethel G, Spillere A, Dos Santos MR, Figueiró F, Garcia SC, Ávila DS, Battastini AMO, Eifler-Lima VL. LaSOM 335, active against bladder cancer cells, interferes with Let-60 (hRas) and reduces CD73 expression/activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:536-546. [PMID: 37272688 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in men. It can present along the entire continuum of severity, from mild to well-differentiated disease to extremely malignant tumors with low survival rates. Human RAS genes are the most frequently mutated oncogenes in human cancers, and the critical role of aberrant Ras protein function in carcinogenesis is well established. Therefore, considerable efforts have been devoted to the development of anti-Ras inhibitors for cancer treatment. This study presents the biphenyl dihydropyrimidinone LaSOM 335 with high activity against T24 bladder cancer cells (IC50 = 10.73 ± 0.53 μM) and selectivity of cytotoxicity for this cancer cell line compared to two non-cancer cell lines investigated. Furthermore, we also show that this compound reduced vulvar development in the mutant let-60 gene of Caenorhabditis elegans. Let-60 is a homolog of the mammalian Ras gene. In addition, we observed that LaSOM 335 inhibits the enzymatic activity of CD73 and decreases CD73 expression. Possibly, this expression decrease is due to downstream EGFR signaling via the Ras-Raf-ERK pathway, that directly regulates CD73 expression via ERK1/2. Evidence suggests that non-immunomodulating functions of CD73 play an equally important role for cancer cell survival, progression, and migration. Regarding we also notice that LaSOM 335 was safe in the in vivo model of C. elegans. The set of these findings makes this biphenyl dihydropyrimidinone a promising candidate for further investigations in the bladder cancer field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Porto Kagami
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Itamar Luís Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões-URI, Erechim, Brazil
| | - Álisson Coldebella da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aline Castro Silva
- Graduation Program in Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Machado das Neves
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Göethel
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriano Spillere
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maitê Roxo Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analyses, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Graduation Program in Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Eifler-Lima
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Wang X, Bai Y, Zhang F, Li D, Chen K, Wu R, Tang Y, Wei X, Han P. Prognostic value of COL10A1 and its correlation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells in urothelial bladder cancer: A comprehensive study based on bioinformatics and clinical analysis validation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:955949. [PMID: 37006317 PMCID: PMC10063846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.955949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionBladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the most lethal diseases. COL10A1 is secreted small-chain collagen in the extracellular matrix associated with various tumors, including gastric, colon, breast, and lung cancer. However, the role of COL10A1 in BLCA remains unclear. This is the first research focusing on the prognostic value of COL10A1 in BLCA. In this research, we aimed to uncover the association between COL10A1 and the prognosis, as well as other clinicopathological parameters in BLCA.MethodsWe obtained gene expression profiles of BLCA and normal tissues from the TCGA, GEO, and ArrayExpress databases. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to investigate the protein expression and prognostic value of COL10A1 in BLCA patients. GO and KEGG enrichment along with GSEA analyses were performed to reveal the biological functions and potential regulatory mechanisms of COL10A1 based on the gene co-expression network. We used the “maftools” R package to display the mutation profiles between the high and low COL10A1 groups. GIPIA2, TIMER, and CIBERSORT algorithms were utilized to explore the effect of COL10A1 on the tumor immune microenvironment.ResultsWe found that COL10A1 was upregulated in the BLCA samples, and increased COL10A1 expression was related to poor overall survival. Functional annotation of 200 co-expressed genes positively correlated with COL10A1 expression, including GO, KEGG, and GSEA enrichment analyses, indicated that COL10A1 was basically involved in the extracellular matrix, protein modification, molecular binding, ECM-receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, focal adhesion, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The most commonly mutated genes of BLCA were different between high and low COL10A1 groups. Tumor immune infiltrating analyses showed that COL10A1 might have an essential role in recruiting infiltrating immune cells and regulating immunity in BLCA, thus affecting prognosis. Finally, external datasets and biospecimens were used, and the results further validated the aberrant expression of COL10A1 in BLCA samples.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our study demonstrates that COL10A1 is an underlying prognostic and predictive biomarker in BLCA.
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Wang J, Luo J, Wu X, Li Z. ELK1 suppresses SYTL1 expression by recruiting HDAC2 in bladder cancer progression. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1961-1975. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Fang Z, Yang X, Wei X, Yang Y, Yi C, Song D. EDARADD silencing suppresses the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells. Urol Oncol 2022; 40:382.e15-382.e24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Huo J, Guan J, Li Y. Metabolism reprogramming signature associated with stromal cells abundance in tumor microenvironment improve prognostic risk classification for gastric cancer. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:364. [PMID: 35907819 PMCID: PMC9338655 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stromal cells play an important role in the process of tumor progression, but the relationship between stromal cells and metabolic reprogramming is not very clear in gastric cancer (GC). Methods Metabolism-related genes associated with stromal cells were identified in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GSE84437 datasets, and the two datasets with 804 GC patients were integrated into a training cohort to establish the prognostic signature. Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to screen for prognosis-related genes. A risk score was constructed by LASSO regression analysis combined with multivariate Cox regression analysis. The patients were classified into groups with high and low risk according to the median value. Two independent cohorts, GSE62254 (n = 300) and GSE15459 (n = 191), were used to externally verify the risk score performance. The CIBERSORT method was applied to quantify the immune cell infiltration of all included samples. Results A risk score consisting of 24 metabolic genes showed good performance in predicting the overall survival (OS) of GC patients in both the training (TCGA and GSE84437) and testing cohorts (GSE62254 and GSE15459). As the risk score increased, the patients’ risk of death increased. The risk score was an independent prognostic indicator in both the training and testing cohorts suggested by the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The patients were clustered into four subtypes according to the quantification of 22 kinds of immune cell infiltration (ICI). The proportion of ICI Cluster C with the best prognosis in the low-risk group was approximately twice as high as that in the high-risk group, and the risk score of ICI Cluster C was significantly lower than that of the other three subtypes. Conclusion Our study proposed the first scheme for prognostic risk classification of GC from the perspective of tumor stromal cells and metabolic reprogramming, which may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies for GC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12876-022-02451-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Huo
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jing Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, 266035, Shandong, China
| | - Yankun Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, 266035, Shandong, China.
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Pan X, Chen G, Hu W. Piperlongumine increases the sensitivity of bladder cancer to cisplatin by mitochondrial ROS. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24452. [PMID: 35466450 PMCID: PMC9169161 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of cisplatin resistance often results in cisplatin inefficacy in advanced or recurrent bladder cancer. However, effective treatment strategies for cisplatin resistance have not been well established. METHODS Gene expression was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. CCK-8 assay was performed to detect cell survival. The number of apoptotic cells was determined using the Annexin V-PI double-staining assay. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescent dye, and the ATP level was detected using an ATP measurement kit. RESULTS The expression of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), a key regulator of necroptosis, gradually decreased during cisplatin resistance. We first used piperlongumine (PL) in combination with cisplatin to act on cisplatin-resistant BC cells and found that PL-induced activation of RIPK1 increased the sensitivity of T24 resistant cells to cisplatin treatment. Furthermore, we revealed that PL killed T24 cisplatin-resistant cells by triggering necroptosis, because cell death could be rescued by the mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) protein inhibitor necrotic sulfonamide or MLKL siRNA, but could not be suppressed by the apoptosis inhibitor z-VAD. We further explored the specific mechanism and found that PL activated RIPK1 to induce necroptosis in cisplatin-resistant cells by stimulating mitochondrial fission to produce excessive ROS. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated the role of RIPK1 in cisplatin-resistant cells and the sensitization effect of the natural drug PL on bladder cancer. These may provide a new treatment strategy for overcoming cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Pan
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Guangyao Chen
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
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Huang Z, Gao H, Qing L, Wang B, He C, Luo N, Lu C, Fan S, Gu P, Zhao H. A long noncoding RNA GTF2IRD2P1 suppresses cell proliferation in bladder cancer by inhibiting the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13220. [PMID: 35433119 PMCID: PMC9009331 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing evidence that long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are key in the development of a variety of human tumors. However, the role of lncRNA GTF2IRD2P1 has not been well studied in cancer. The impact of GTF2IRD2P1 on the biological function and clinical relevance in bladder cancer is largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the biological role of GTF2IRD2P1 in bladder evolution and carcinogenesis. Methods We used bioinformatics to obtain the lncRNA GTF2IRD2P1 from bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The expression of lncRNA GTF2IRD2P1 was detected by qRT-PCR. The CCK8 assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the lncRNA GTF2IRD2P1 function on the proliferation of bladder cancer cells. A western blot was used to calculate the protein level of cell cycle proteins and Wnt signaling pathway proteins. The effect of lncRNA GTF2IRD2P1 on tumorigenesis of bladder cancer was confirmed by a xenograft nude mouse model. Results GTF2IRD2P1 expression was found to be lower in both human bladder cancer tissues and cell lines (UM-UC-3, RT4, and 5637), and elevated in T24 compared to the corresponding normal controls. GTF2IRD2P1 expression was also enhanced after transfection of UM-UC-3 cells with the overexpression vector. Meanwhile, overexpression of GTF2IRD2P1 inhibited the proliferation of UM-UC-3 and prolonged the cell cycle. The silencing of GTF2IRD2P1 significantly increased the proliferation and shortened the cell cycle of T24 cells and induced Wnt signaling activity to promote the progression of bladder cancer. Similarly, the transplanted tumor nude mouse model demonstrated that silencing GTF2IRD2P1 strengthens the progression of bladder cancer by targeting the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Huang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Gao
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China,Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangliang Qing
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaoyong He
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Luo
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shipeng Fan
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Gu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China,Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China,Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
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DTL Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Promotes Bladder Cancer Progression through Regulating the AKT/mTOR axis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3369858. [PMID: 35103094 PMCID: PMC8799954 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3369858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Denticleless E3 ubiquitin protein ligase homolog (DTL) has been reported to be an important regulator for tumorigenesis and progression. Nonetheless, the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of DTL in BCa remain elusive. Methods We implemented integrative bioinformatics analysis to explore the diagnostic and prognostic values of DTL based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), ArrayExpress, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Then, we utilized qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry to verify the clinical significance of DTL expression according to clinical specimens and tissue microarray (TMA). Moreover, the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of DTL in BCa were investigated through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results Integrative bioinformatics analysis revealed that DTL was a key gene associated with BCa progression, and increased DTL expression was correlated with malignant biological behavior and poor prognosis. Experiments on clinical specimens and tissue microarray (TMA) further confirmed our findings. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that DTL could be associated with cell cycle- and DNA replication-associated pathways in BCa. The suppression of DTL inhibited BCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, DTL may promote BCa progression through the AKT/mTOR pathway. Conclusions Increased DTL expression was correlated with malignant biological behavior and poor prognosis of BCa patients, and it may promote BCa progression through the AKT/mTOR pathway. Our research provided a potential predictor and therapeutic target for BCa.
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Jia X, Zhang W, Guo D, Wang T, Xu Z, Wang T, Guo H, Kong W, Zhang J, Wang J. Construction of targeted drug-loaded composite polysaccharide hydrogels and verification of anti-tumor effect in vitro. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03331c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A targeted composite polysaccharide drug-loaded gel was obtained and characterized. It displayed potent anti-tumor activity via specific binding between the folate in the gel and the folate receptors in the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Jia
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Duoduo Guo
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Tingfeng Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
| | - Hongyun Guo
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
| | - Weibao Kong
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
- Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
- Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Junlong Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
- Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
- Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
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Zhang M, Xu Y, Yin S, Qiu F. YY1-induced long non-coding RNA PSMA3 antisense RNA 1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA 214-5p to expedite the viability and restrict the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells via regulating programmed cell death-ligand 1. Bioengineered 2021; 12:9150-9161. [PMID: 34720049 PMCID: PMC8809964 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1994907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the urinary system. Our research aimed to explore the function and underlying mechanisms of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) PSMA3-AS1 in BC. RT-qPCR was utilized to detect the levels of PSMA3-AS1, miR-214-5p, and PD-L1. ChIP assay was employed to confirm the transcription factor of PSMA3-AS1. Luciferase reporter assay was carried out to demonstrate the relationships between miR-214-5p and PSMA3-AS1 or PD-L1. The diagnostic value of PSMA3-AS1 was evaluated by the ROC curve. CCK-8, wound healing, transwell, and flow cytometry assays were applied to analyze cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Western blotting was used to confirm the expression of cleaved caspase-3. The present study revealed that BC tissues and cells exhibited an increased expression in PSMA3-AS1. High expression of PSMA3-AS1 was related to poor prognosis in BC patients. Then, the area under the ROC curve for PSMA3-AS1 was up to 0.8954. Moreover, ChIP assay elaborated that YY1 could bind to the PSMA3-AS1 promoter region. Furthermore, it was found that that PSMA3-AS1 knockdown repressed BC cell viability and metastasis, and promoted apoptosis. In addition, miR-214-5p was inversely correlated with PSMA3-AS1 or PD-L1 levels. MiR-214-5p deletion reversed the impacts of PSMA3-AS1 deletion on BC progression, and PD-L1 inhibition also abrogated the influence of miR-214-5p deletion in BC development. In conclusion, YY1-induced PSMA3-AS1 exerted an oncogenic function in BC cells via targeting miR-214-5p and enhancing PD-L1, providing potential biomarkers for BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingran Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Xu
- Department of Urology, KunShan Second People's Hospital, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Yin
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
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12
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Identification of a Prognosis-Related Risk Signature for Bladder Cancer to Predict Survival and Immune Landscapes. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:3236384. [PMID: 34708131 PMCID: PMC8545590 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3236384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer is the tenth most common cancer worldwide. Valuable biomarkers in the field of diagnostic bladder cancer are urgently required. Method Here, the gene expression matrix and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), GSE13507, GSE32894, and Mariathasan et al. Five prognostic genes were identified by the univariate, robust, and multivariate Cox's regression and were used to develop a prognosis-related model. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves and receiver operating characteristics were used to evaluate the model's effectiveness. The potential biological functions of the selected genes were analyzed using CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE algorithms. Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) and PRISM datasets were used to identify drugs with high sensitivity. Subsequently, using the bladder cancer (BLCA) cell lines, the role of TNFRSF14 was determined by Western blotting, cell proliferation assay, and 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine assay. Results GSDMB, CLEC2D, APOL2, TNFRSF14, and GBP2 were selected as prognostic genes in bladder cancer patients. The model's irreplaceable reliability was validated by the training and validation cohorts. CD8+ T cells were highly infiltrated in the high-TNFRSF14-expression group, and M2 macrophages were the opposite. Higher expression of TNFRSF14 was associated with higher expression levels of LCK, interferon, MHC-I, and MHC-II, while risk score was the opposite. Many compounds with higher sensitivity for treating bladder cancer patients in the low-TNFRSF14-expression group were identified, with obatoclax being a potential drug most likely to treat patients in the low-TNFRSF14-expression group. Finally, the proliferation of BLCA cell lines was increased in the TNFRSF14-reduced group, and the differential expression was identified. TNFRSF14 plays a role in bladder cancer progression through the Wnt/β-catenin-dependent pathway. TNFRSF14 is a potential protective biomarker involved in cell proliferation in BLCA. Conclusion We conducted a study to establish a 5-gene score model, providing reliable prediction for the outcome of bladder cancer patients and therapeutic drugs to individualize therapy. Our findings provide a signature that might help determine the optimal treatment for individual patients with bladder cancer.
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13
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Guo Y, Li Z, Cao Z, Ma T, Mei J, Sun W, Gao W, Liu B, Liu J, Wang R. Rapamycin-induced M2 macrophage autophagy promotes the migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells via increased IL-10 secretion. EUR J INFLAMM 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392211049878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrduction: Rapamycin is an mTOR inhibitor and a prominent inducer of autophagy in cancer cells and tumor interstitial cells. Macrophages are the primary type of immune cells observed in the tumor microenvironment and serve varying roles in the progression of cancer by polarizing into distinct phenotypes. However, whether rapamycin-induced macrophage autophagy influences bladder cancer remains unclear. Methods: THP-1 cells were successfully polarized into M1 or M2 macrophages, which were identified by detecting CD86 (M1) or CD206 (M2) expressions using flow cytometry and measuring M1/M2-related mRNA expressions using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Rapamycin was employed for inducing autophagy, and then the influences of enhanced autophagic M1 and M2 macrophages on migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells were confirmed by wound healing and Transwell assay in the co-culture model. Furthermore, the gene and protein expressions of IL-10 and the underlying role are still unclear. Results: Rapamycin significantly increased autophagy levels in M1 and M2 macrophages, while only autophagy-enhanced M2 macrophages facilitated the migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells. Furthermore, rapamycin increased IL-10 secretion from M2 macrophages, which mediated the effects of M2 macrophages on migration and invasion of bladder cancer. Conclusion: Rapamycin induces M2 macrophage autophagy and promotes the migration and invasion of bladder cancer by increasing IL-10 secretion, suggesting that M2 macrophage autophagy is an underlying target of rapamycin in treating bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Zhenxue Cao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Tantu Ma
- Department of Urology, Bengbu First People’s Hospital, Bengbu, China
| | - Juan Mei
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Wuyue Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
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14
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Weidle UH, Birzele F. Bladder Cancer-related microRNAs With In Vivo Efficacy in Preclinical Models. CANCER DIAGNOSIS & PROGNOSIS 2021; 1:245-263. [PMID: 35403137 PMCID: PMC8988954 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Progressive and metastatic bladder cancer remain difficult to treat. In this review, we critique seven up-regulated and 25 down-regulated microRNAs in order to identify new therapeutic entities and corresponding targets. These microRNAs were selected with respect to their efficacy in bladder cancer-related preclinical in vivo models. MicroRNAs and related targets interfering with chemoresistance, cell-cycle, signaling, apoptosis, autophagy, transcription factor modulation, epigenetic modification and metabolism are described. In addition, we highlight microRNAs targeting transmembrane receptors and secreted factors. We discuss druggability issues for the identified targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Birzele
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences,Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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15
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Hoffman-Censits JH, Lombardo KA, Parimi V, Kamanda S, Choi W, Hahn NM, McConkey DJ, McGuire BM, Bivalacqua TJ, Kates M, Matoso A. Expression of Nectin-4 in Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, in Morphologic Variants, and Nonurothelial Histotypes. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021; 29:619-625. [PMID: 33901032 PMCID: PMC8429050 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab-vedotin acts by targeting nectin-4, a protein that is nearly ubiquitously expressed in conventional urothelial cancer. However, expression of nectin-4 in morphologic variants of urothelial carcinoma and nonurothelial histotypes was unknown. Immunohistochemistry for nectin-4 using was performed on 169 patients including 83 with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer and 86 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer. Staining was scored for intensity (0 to 3) and extent (% positive cells) using the histological score system, where >15 was considered positive. Overall, 72/83 (87%) samples of nonmuscle invasive urothelial carcinoma were positive, including 29/30 (97%) noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinomas, 7/8 (87.5%) carcinomas in situ, 36/45 (80%) papillary urothelial carcinomas invading the lamina propria. Overall, 50/86 muscle invasive tumors were positive, including 15/22 (68.2%) urothelial carcinomas, 7/10 (70%) squamous cell carcinomas, 3/11 (28%) micropapillary tumors, 4/6 (66%) adenocarcinomas, 2/4 (50%) nested carcinomas, 5/8 (63%) plasmacytoid, 1/10 (10%) sarcomatoid carcinomas, and 0/15 (0%) small cell carcinomas. Whole transcriptome RNA sequencing revealed that compared with conventional urothelial carcinomas, most sarcomatoid carcinomas and all but 2 small cell carcinomas expressed very low levels of nectin-4 mRNA but expressed significant levels of either trop2 or ERBB2, which are the molecular targets of 2 other antibody-drug conjugates-sacituzumab gavitecan (trop2) or trastuzumab deruxtecan (ERBB2/HER2). In summary, our study demonstrates that there is heterogeneity of expression of nectin-4 in morphologic variants of urothelial cancer and nonurothelial histotypes, and suggests that testing expression of nectin-4 should be considered in morphologic variants or nonurothelial histotypes found to have lower expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean H. Hoffman-Censits
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Oncolocy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute
| | - Kara A. Lombardo
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute
| | - Vamsi Parimi
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sonia Kamanda
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Woonyoung Choi
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute
| | - Noah M. Hahn
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Oncolocy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute
| | - David J. McConkey
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Oncolocy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute
| | - Bridget M. McGuire
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Trinity J. Bivalacqua
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Oncolocy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Max Kates
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Oncolocy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Andres Matoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Oncolocy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute
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16
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Chen TJ, Dehghanian SZ, Chan TC, He HL, Li WS, Abdollahi S, Chen NY, Li CF, Shiue YL. High G protein subunit beta 4 protein level is correlated to poor prognosis of urothelial carcinoma. Med Mol Morphol 2021; 54:356-367. [PMID: 34398348 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-021-00301-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Data mining on a public domain detected eight potential transcripts which were upregulated in advanced UBUCs, suggesting that they may take part in UC development or/and progression. Retrospectively, immunohistochemistry along with H-score recording was carried out to evaluate the GNB4 protein levels on tissues from UC patients. Correlations between GNB4 H-score and imperative clinicopathological factors, as well as the implication of GNB4 protein level on disease-specific and metastasis-free survivals were assessed. In UTUCs (n = 340) and UBUCs (n = 295), 170 (50.0%) and 148 (50.0%) cases, respectively, were identified to be of high GNB4 expression. The GNB4 protein levels were correlated to numerous clinicopathological features and patients' survivals. Upregulation of the GNB4 protein was significantly associated with primary tumor, nodal metastasis, histological grade, vascular invasion and mitotic rate. High GNB4 protein levels independently and significantly predicted poor disease-specific and metastasis-free in UTUC and UBUC, respectively. Ingenuity pathway analysis furthermore showed that multiple signaling pathways were enriched including 'Communication between Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells' and 'NFκB Signaling'. Our findings demonstrated that the upregulation of the GNB4 protein is an independent unfavorable prognosticator in UC. High GNB4 gene expression plays an important role in UC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., 80424, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Dehghanian
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., 80424, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Zhanghua Rd, 71004, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin He
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sina Abdollahi
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Yu Chen
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Zhanghua Rd, 71004, Tainan, Taiwan. .,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., 80424, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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17
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He H, Liu T, Han D, Li C, Xu F, Lyu J, Gao Y. Incidence trends and survival prediction of urothelial cancer of the bladder: a population-based study. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:221. [PMID: 34311753 PMCID: PMC8314553 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to determine the incidence trends of urothelial cancer of the bladder (UCB) and to develop a nomogram for predicting the cancer-specific survival (CSS) of postsurgery UCB at a population-based level based on the SEER database. Methods The age-adjusted incidence of UCB diagnosed from 1975 to 2016 was extracted, and its annual percentage change was calculated and joinpoint regression analysis was performed. A nomogram was constructed for predicting the CSS in individual cases based on independent predictors. The predictive performance of the nomogram was evaluated using the consistency index (C-index), net reclassification index (NRI), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), a calibration plot and the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. Results The incidence of UCB showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing from 1975 to 2016. However, the overall incidence increased over that time period. The age at diagnosis, ethnic group, insurance status, marital status, differentiated grade, AJCC stage, regional lymph nodes removed status, chemotherapy status, and tumor size were independent prognostic factors for postsurgery UCB. The nomogram constructed based on these independent factors performed well, with a C-index of 0.823 and a close fit to the calibration curve. Its prediction ability for CSS of postsurgery UCB is better than that of the existing AJCC system, with NRI and IDI values greater than 0 and ROC curves exhibiting good performance for 3, 5, and 8 years of follow-up. Conclusions The nomogram constructed in this study might be suitable for clinical use in improving the clinical predictive accuracy of the long-term survival for postsurgery UCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong He
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjie Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Didi Han
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhuo Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengshuo Xu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lyu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Gao
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
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18
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MIR22HG regulates miR-486/PTEN axis in bladder cancer to promote cell proliferation. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:225167. [PMID: 32500915 PMCID: PMC7313441 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressive role of MIR22HG has been studied in several types of cancer. We analyzed the TCGA dataset and found the down-regulation of MIR22HG in bladder cancer (BC). Bioinformatics analysis predicted the interaction between MIR22HG and miR-486. The direct interaction between MIR22HG and miR-486 was also confirmed by dual luciferase assay. However, overexpression of these two factors did not significantly affect the expression of each other. Interestingly, overexpression of MIR22HG led to up-regulated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), which is a target of miR-486. In cell proliferation assay, overexpression of MIR22HG and PTEN led to decreased rates of BC cell proliferation. Moreover, overexpression of miR-486 played an opposite role and attenuated the effects of overexpression of MIR22HG and PTEN. Therefore, MIR22HG regulates miR-486/PTEN axis to promote cell proliferation in BC.
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19
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Katleba K, Lombard AP, Tsamouri MM, Baek HB, Nishida KS, Libertini SJ, Platero AJ, Ma AH, Pan CX, Ghosh PM, Mudryj M. Depletion of androgen receptor low molecular weight isoform reduces bladder tumor cell viability and induces apoptosis. Cancer Lett 2021; 504:49-57. [PMID: 33549708 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BlCa) exhibits a gender disparity where men are three times more likely to develop the malignancy than women suggesting a role for the androgen receptor (AR). Here we report that BlCa cells express low molecular weight (LMW) AR isoforms that are missing the ligand binding domain (LBD). Isoform expression was detected in most BlCa cells, while a few express the full-length AR. Immunofluorescence studies detect AR in the nucleus and cytoplasm, and localization is cell dependent. Cells with nuclear AR expression exhibit reduced viability and increased apoptosis on total AR depletion. A novel AR-LMW variant, AR-v19, that is missing the LBD and contains 15 additional amino acids encoded by intron 3 sequences was detected in most BlCa malignancies. AR-v19 localizes to the nucleus and can transactivate AR-dependent transcription in a dose dependent manner. AR-v19 depletion impairs cell viability and promotes apoptosis in cells that express this variant. Thus, AR splice variant expression is common in BlCa and instrumental in ensuring cell survival. This suggests that targeting AR or AR downstream effectors may be a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Katleba
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, USA
| | - Alan P Lombard
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, USA; Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Group and Biotechnology Program, USA
| | - Maria-Malvina Tsamouri
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA; Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, UC Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Han Bit Baek
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, USA
| | | | - Stephen J Libertini
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, USA
| | | | - Ai-Hong Ma
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, UC Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Chong-Xian Pan
- Department of Faculty of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Paramita M Ghosh
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA; Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, UC Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Maria Mudryj
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, USA.
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20
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Shao Y, Hu X, Yang Z, Lia T, Yang W, Wu K, Ren S, Xiong S, Dou W, Feng S, Wang Y, Liu Y, Wu K, Li X. Prognostic factors of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a study based on next-generation sequencing. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:23. [PMID: 33407469 PMCID: PMC7789352 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01731-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the genetic prognostic factors for the recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Materials and methods The patients underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor and received bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) or epirubicin. Next-generation sequencing was performed and alterations of genes, pathways, and tumor mutation burden were recorded. Associations between these clinicopathological and genetic variants were estimated, and prognostic factor identified. Results A total of 58 cases were included in our study, and 46 patients underwent treatment with BCG. FGFR3 was the most frequently altered gene (48%), and more commonly detected in intermediate-risk patients. Univariate Cox analysis demonstrated that 10 genes were significantly correlated with BCG failure, while NEB, FGFR1 and SDHC were independent recurrence predictors. Besides, epigenetic-related gene pathway mutations were negatively correlated with recurrence (hazard ratio: 0.198, P = 0.023). DNA damage response and repair gene alterations were positively correlated with tumor burden, while altered TP53 was most frequent among these genes and significant correlated with high tumor burden. Conclusion BCG instillation significantly reduced the rate of recurrence compared with epirubicin in this population. Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets were found with the help of next-generation sequencing; correlations between DDR genes alterations and high tumor mutation burden were also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiang Shao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Hu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Thongher Lia
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixiao Yang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Kan Wu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangqing Ren
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,Robot Minimally Invasive Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Sanchao Xiong
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Weichao Dou
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyang Feng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Wu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Tang C, Wu Y, Wang X, Chen K, Tang Z, Guo X. LncRNA MAFG-AS1 regulates miR-125b-5p/SphK1 axis to promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells. Hum Cell 2021; 34:588-597. [PMID: 33400245 PMCID: PMC7900043 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
MAFG-AS1 is an oncogenic lncRNA in multiple types of cancer. However, its role in bladder cancer (BC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the function of MAFG-AS1 in BC. BC and paired non-tumor tissues were collected. Two BC cell lines HT01197 and HT-1376 were used. Dual luciferase activity assay, RT-qPCR, western blot, CCK-8, transwell invasion assay, and wound healing assay were performed. We found that MAFG-AS1 was significantly up-regulated in BC tissues and predicted a poor survival rate. MAFG-AS1 interacted with miR-125b-5p. However, the expression levels of MAFG‑AS1 and miR-125b-5p were not obviously correlated in BC tissues, and MAFG‑AS1 and miR-125b-5p did not regulate the expression of each other. Interestingly, we found that SphK1, a downstream target of miR-125b-5p, was negatively correlated with miR-125b-5p, while it was positively correlated with MAFG-AS1 across BC tissues. In addition, overexpression of MAFG‑AS1 upregulated the expression of SphK1 in BC cells, and attenuated the inhibitory effects of miR-125b-5p on the expression of SphK1. Functional assays showed that overexpression of MAFG‑AS1 promoted BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while its effects were attenuated by overexpression of miR-125b-5p. Moreover, overexpression of miR-125b-5p inhibited BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while its effects were alleviated by overexpression of SphK1. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that MAFG-AS1 has an oncogenic role in BC by regulating the miR-125b-5p/SphK1 axis. MAFG-AS1 might serve as a good diagnostic marker and a potential therapeutic target of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenye Tang
- Department of Urology, Jiaxing Second Hospital, No.1518 North Ring Road, Jiaxing City, 314000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuntao Wu
- Department of Urology, Jiaxing Second Hospital, No.1518 North Ring Road, Jiaxing City, 314000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Urology, Jiaxing Second Hospital, No.1518 North Ring Road, Jiaxing City, 314000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kean Chen
- Department of Urology, Jiaxing Second Hospital, No.1518 North Ring Road, Jiaxing City, 314000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiling Tang
- Department of Urology, Jiaxing Second Hospital, No.1518 North Ring Road, Jiaxing City, 314000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Urology, Jiaxing Second Hospital, No.1518 North Ring Road, Jiaxing City, 314000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Mokou M, Lygirou V, Angelioudaki I, Paschalidis N, Stroggilos R, Frantzi M, Latosinska A, Bamias A, Hoffmann MJ, Mischak H, Vlahou A. A Novel Pipeline for Drug Repurposing for Bladder Cancer Based on Patients' Omics Signatures. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3519. [PMID: 33255925 PMCID: PMC7759896 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-omics signatures of patients with bladder cancer (BC) can guide the identification of known de-risked therapeutic compounds through drug repurposing, an approach not extensively explored yet. In this study, we target drug repurposing in the context of BC, driven by tissue omics signatures. To identify compounds that can reverse aggressive high-risk Non-Muscle Invasive BC (NMIBC) to less aggressive low-risk molecular subtypes, the next generation Connectivity Map (CMap) was employed using as input previously published proteomics and transcriptomics respective signatures. Among the identified compounds, the ATP-competitive inhibitor of mTOR, WYE-354, showed a consistently very high score for reversing the aggressive BC molecular signatures. WYE-354 impact was assessed in a panel of eight multi-origin BC cell lines and included impaired colony growth and proliferation rate without any impact on apoptosis. Overall, with this study we introduce a promising pipeline for the repurposing of drugs for BC treatment, based on patients' omics signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Mokou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.M.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (R.S.)
- Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany; (M.F.); (A.L.); (H.M.)
| | - Vasiliki Lygirou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.M.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Ioanna Angelioudaki
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.M.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Nikolaos Paschalidis
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Rafael Stroggilos
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.M.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Maria Frantzi
- Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany; (M.F.); (A.L.); (H.M.)
| | | | - Aristotelis Bamias
- Haematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece;
| | - Michèle J. Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Harald Mischak
- Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany; (M.F.); (A.L.); (H.M.)
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.M.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (R.S.)
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23
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He H, Xie H, Chen Y, Li C, Han D, Xu F, Lyu J. Global, regional, and national burdens of bladder cancer in 2017: estimates from the 2017 global burden of disease study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1693. [PMID: 33176751 PMCID: PMC7659112 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence and mortality of bladder cancer (BCa) using data obtained in the Global Burden of Disease study performed in 2017 (GBD 2017). METHODS Data on BCa for 2017, including prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), were obtained from GBD 2017 at the global, regional, and national levels. We also analyzed the association of BCa burden with the country development level. RESULTS There were 2.63 million BCa cases estimated from the GBD 2017 data, with 200,000 persons dying of BCa, resulting in 3.60 million DALYs in 2017. The age-standardized prevalence (ASP) of BCa was 32.91/100,000 persons, and age-standardized death rate (ASDR) was 2.57/100,000 persons. The ASP and ASDR of BCa were higher in males than in females, and higher in people older than 60 years. The ASP and ASDR of BCa were higher in Western Europe and Central Europe than in South Asia, Andean Latin America, and Central Latin America, and higher in countries with a higher sociodemographic index (SDI). Correlation analysis identified that the ASP and ASDR of BCa were positively correlated with the country SDI (P < 0.0001 and ρ = 0.68 for ASP, and P = 0.0048 and ρ = 0.20 for ASDR). In addition, 33.72% deaths and 36.80% DALYs caused by BCa could be attributed to smoking globally. CONCLUSION The prevalence and mortality of BCa were very high in 2017, especially in high-SDI countries. Smoking-cessation strategies should be strengthened to control the burden associated with BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong He
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongjun Xie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yule Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chengzhuo Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Didi Han
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengshuo Xu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Lyu
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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24
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Luo Y, Chen L, Zhou Q, Xiong Y, Wang G, Liu X, Xiao Y, Ju L, Wang X. Identification of a prognostic gene signature based on an immunogenomic landscape analysis of bladder cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13370-13382. [PMID: 33048468 PMCID: PMC7701570 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immune plays a critical role in cancer progression. Tumour immunology and immunotherapy are one of the exciting areas in bladder cancer research. In this study, we aimed to develop an immune‐related gene signature to improve the prognostic prediction of bladder cancer. Firstly, we identified 392 differentially expressed immune‐related genes (IRGs) based on TCGA and ImmPort databases. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were enriched in inflammatory and immune‐related pathways, including in ‘regulation of signaling receptor activity’, ‘cytokine‐cytokine receptor interaction’ and ‘GPCR ligand binding’. Then, we separated all samples in TCGA data set into the training cohort and the testing cohort in a ratio of 3:1 randomly. Data set GSE13507 was set as the validation cohort. We constructed a prognostic six‐IRG signature with LASSO Cox regression in the training cohort, including AHNAK, OAS1, APOBEC3H, SCG2, CTSE and KIR2DS4. Six IRGs reflected the microenvironment of bladder cancer, especially immune cell infiltration. The prognostic value of six‐IRG signature was further validated in the testing cohort and the validation cohort. The results of multivariable Cox regression and subgroup analysis revealed that six‐IRG signature was a clinically independent prognostic factor for bladder cancer patients. Further, we constructed a nomogram based on six‐IRG signature and other clinicopathological risk factors, and it performed well in predict patients' survival. Finally, we found six‐IRG signature showed significant difference in different molecular subtypes of bladder cancer. In conclusions, our research provided a novel immune‐related gene signature to estimate prognosis for patients' survival with bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwen Luo
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaoyi Xiong
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory of Precision Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine, Hubei Engineering Research Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Department of Pathology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory of Precision Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingao Ju
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory of Precision Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine, Hubei Engineering Research Center, Wuhan, China
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25
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Kang HW, Kim WJ, Yun SJ. The therapeutic and prognostic implications of molecular biomarkers in urothelial carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:6609-6623. [PMID: 35117271 PMCID: PMC8798786 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-1243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) of the bladder and upper urinary tract is a heterogeneous disease with distinct biologic features resulting in different clinical behaviors. Bladder cancer (BC) is classified into non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) and muscle invasive BC (MIBC). NMIBC is associated with high recurrence rates and risk of progression to invasive disease, whereas MIBC is complicated by systemic recurrence after radical cystectomy because of the limited efficacy of available therapies. UCC of the upper urinary tract (UUT-UCC) is a rare but aggressive urologic cancer characterized by multifocality, local recurrence, and metastasis. Conventional histopathologic evaluation of UCC, including tumor stage and grade, cannot accurately predict the behavior of BC and UUT-UCC. Recent clinical and preclinical studies aimed at understanding the molecular landscape of UCC have provided insight into molecular subtyping, inter- or intratumoral heterogeneity, and potential therapeutic targets. Combined analysis of molecular markers and standard pathological features may improve risk stratification and help monitor tumor progression and treatment response, ultimately improving patient outcomes. This review discusses prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers for BC and UUT-UCC, and describes recent advances in molecular stratification that may guide prognosis, patient stratification, and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea
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26
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Singh J, Suryan A, Kumar S, Sharma S. Phthalazinone Scaffold: Emerging Tool in the Development of Target Based Novel Anticancer Agents. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:2228-2245. [PMID: 32767957 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200807220146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phthalazinones are important nitrogen-rich heterocyclic compounds which have been a topic of considerable medicinal interest because of their diversified pharmacological activities. This versatile scaffold forms a common structural feature for many bioactive compounds, which leads to the design and development of novel anticancer drugs with fruitful results. The current review article discusses the progressive development of novel phthalazinone analogues that are targets for various receptors such as PARP, EGFR, VEGFR-2, Aurora kinase, Proteasome, Hedgehog pathway, DNA topoisomerase and P-glycoprotein. It describes mechanistic insights into the anticancer properties of phthalazinone derivatives and also highlights various simple and economical techniques for the synthesis of phthalazinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Singh
- Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Landran, Punjab, India
| | - Amruta Suryan
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Shweta Sharma
- Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Landran, Punjab, India
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27
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Bladder Cancer Metastasis Induced by Chronic Everolimus Application Can Be Counteracted by Sulforaphane In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155582. [PMID: 32759798 PMCID: PMC7432076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic treatment with the mTOR inhibitor, everolimus, fails long-term in preventing tumor growth and dissemination in cancer patients. Thus, patients experiencing treatment resistance seek complementary measures, hoping to improve therapeutic efficacy. This study investigated metastatic characteristics of bladder carcinoma cells exposed to everolimus combined with the isothiocyanate sulforaphane (SFN), which has been shown to exert cancer inhibiting properties. RT112, UMUC3, or TCCSUP bladder carcinoma cells were exposed short- (24 h) or long-term (8 weeks) to everolimus (0.5 nM) or SFN (2.5 µM), alone or in combination. Adhesion and chemotaxis along with profiling details of CD44 receptor variants (v) and integrin α and β subtypes were evaluated. The functional impact of CD44 and integrins was explored by blocking studies and siRNA knock-down. Long-term exposure to everolimus enhanced chemotactic activity, whereas long-term exposure to SFN or the SFN-everolimus combination diminished chemotaxis. CD44v4 and v7 increased on RT112 cells following exposure to SFN or SFN-everolimus. Up-regulation of the integrins α6, αV, and β1 and down-regulation of β4 that was present with everolimus alone could be prevented by combining SFN and everolimus. Down-regulation of αV, β1, and β4 reduced chemotactic activity, whereas knock-down of CD44 correlated with enhanced chemotaxis. SFN could, therefore, inhibit resistance-related tumor dissemination during everolimus-based bladder cancer treatment.
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28
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Zhang Z, Ao P, Han H, Zhang Q, Chen Y, Han J, Huang Q, Huang H, Zhuo D. LncRNA PLAC2 upregulates miR-663 to downregulate TGF-β1 and suppress bladder cancer cell migration and invasion. BMC Urol 2020; 20:94. [PMID: 32650766 PMCID: PMC7350696 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-00663-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The roles of lncRNA PLAC2 in bladder cancer (BC) were explored. METHODS The expression of PLAC2 in two types of tissue of BC patients was detected by RT-qPCR and the expression data were compared by paired t test. The 56 patients were staged according to the AJCC criteria, and 12, 15, 15 and 14 cases were classified into stage I-IV, respectively. The expression of TGF-β1 and miR-663 in BC tissues were also detected by RT-qPCR experiments. RESULTS Our data showed that the expression levels of PLAC2 were significantly lower in BC tissues than that in non-cancer tissues. The expression of PLAC2 was not affect by clinical stages and low expression levels of PLAC2 predicted lower survival rate. The expression of PLAC2 was positively correlated with miR-663 and inversely correlated with TGF-β1 in BC tissues. In BC cells, downregulated TGF-β1 and upregulated miR-663 were observed after the overexpression of PLAC2. Overexpression of PLAC2 also resulted in suppressed invasion and migration of BC cells. Overexpression of miR-663 resulted in downregulated TGF-β1 but did not affect the expression of PLAC2. Overexpression of TGF-β1 reduced the inhibitory effects of overexpression of PLAC2 and miR-663 on cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSION PLAC2 can upregulate miR-663 to downregulate TGF-β1 and suppress BC cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Zhang
- Department of Urology, The first affiliated hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, 241001, P. R. China
| | - Ping Ao
- Department of Urology, The first affiliated hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, 241001, P. R. China
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Urology, The first affiliated hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, 241001, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Urology, The first affiliated hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, 241001, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Urology, The first affiliated hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, 241001, P. R. China
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Urology, The first affiliated hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, 241001, P. R. China
| | - Qunlian Huang
- Department of Urology, The first affiliated hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, 241001, P. R. China
| | - Houbao Huang
- Department of Urology, The first affiliated hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, 241001, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhuo
- Department of Urology, The first affiliated hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan West Road, Jinghu District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, 241001, P. R. China.
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29
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Dai G, Huang C, Yang J, Jin L, Fu K, Yuan F, Zhu J, Xue B. LncRNA SNHG3 promotes bladder cancer proliferation and metastasis through miR-515-5p/GINS2 axis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9231-9243. [PMID: 32596993 PMCID: PMC7417716 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with carcinogenesis. LncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) is up‐regulated in various cancers and positively associated with poor prognosis of these cancers. However, the precise role of lncRNA SNHG3 in bladder cancer (Bca) remains unclear. In our research, we first reported that lncRNA SNHG3 was up‐regulated in bladder cancer tissues and positively related to poor clinical prognosis. Moreover, knockdown of lncRNA SNHG3 significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT process of Bca cells in vitro and vivo. Mechanistically, we revealed that suppression of SNHG3 evidently enhanced miR‐515‐5p expression and decreased GINS2 expression at posttranscriptional levels. Moreover, SNHG3 positively regulated GINS2 expression by sponging miR‐515‐5p under a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism. To sum up, our study suggested lncRNA SNHG3 acted as a microRNA sponge and an oncogenic role in the progression of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcheng Dai
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Jinhui Yang
- Department of Andrology Urology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Lu Jin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng Yuan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Boxin Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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30
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Long Q, Ma AH, Zhang H, Cao Z, Xia R, Lin TY, Sonpavde GP, de Vere White R, Guo J, Pan CX. Combination of cyclin-dependent kinase and immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of bladder cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:2305-2317. [PMID: 32506263 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02609-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perturbation of the CDK4/6 pathway is frequently observed in advanced bladder cancer. We investigated the potential of targeting this pathway alone or in combination with chemotherapy or immunotherapy as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of bladder cancer METHODS: The genetic alterations of the CDK4/6 pathway in bladder cancer were first analyzed with The Cancer Genome Atlas database and validated in our bladder cancer patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDXs). Bladder cancer cell lines and mice carrying PDXs with the CDK4/6 pathway perturbations were treated with a CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib to determine its anticancer activity and the underlying mechanisms. The combination index method was performed to assess palbociclib and gemcitabine drug-drug interactions. Syngeneic mouse bladder cancer model BBN963 was used to assess whether palbociclib could potentiate anti-PD1 immunotherapy. RESULTS Of the 413 bladder cancer specimens, 79.2% harbored pertubations along the CDK4/6 pathway. Palbociclib induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest but with minimal apoptosis in vitro. In mice carrying PDXs, palbociclib treatment reduced tumor growth and prolonged survival from 14 to 32 days compared to vehicle only controls (p = 0.0001). Palbociclib treatment was associated with a decrease in Rb phosphorylation in both cell lines and PDXs. Palbociclib and gemcitabine exhibited antagonistic cytotoxicity in vitro (CI > 3) and in vivo, but palbociclib significantly enhanced the treatment efficacy of anti-PD1 immunotherapy and induced CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration in syngeneic mouse models. CONCLUSIONS The CDK4/6 pathway is feasible as a potential target for the treatment of bladder cancer, especially in combination with immunotherapy. A CDK4/6 inhibitor should not be combined with gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilai Long
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ai-Hong Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Hongyong Zhang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Zhixiu Cao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Roger Xia
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Davis Senior High School, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Tzu-Yin Lin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Guru P Sonpavde
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ralph de Vere White
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Chong-Xian Pan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. .,Department of Urology, University of California Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. .,VA Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA, 95655, USA. .,Medicine, Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA.
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31
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Patel R, Islam SA, Bommareddy RR, Smalley T, Acevedo-Duncan M. Simultaneous inhibition of atypical protein kinase‑C and mTOR impedes bladder cancer cell progression. Int J Oncol 2020; 56:1373-1386. [PMID: 32236625 PMCID: PMC7170046 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite enormous scientific advancements in cancer treatment, there is a need for research to combat cancer, particularly bladder cancer. Drugs once proved to be effective in treating bladder cancer have shown reduced efficacy; hence, the cancer recurrence rate is increasing. To overcome this situation, several strategies have been considered, including the development of novel active drugs or modification of existing therapeutic regimens by combining two or more existing drugs. In recent years, atypical protein kinase Cs (PKCs), phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine kinases, have been considered as a central regulator of various cancer-associated signaling pathways, and they control cell cycle progression, tumorigenesis and metastasis. Additionally, the biologically crucial mTOR signaling pathway is altered in numerous types of cancer, including bladder cancer. Furthermore, despite independent activation, atypical PKC signaling can be triggered by mTOR. The present study examined whether the concurrent inhibition of atypical PKCs and mTOR using a combination of novel atypical PKC inhibitors (ICA-I, an inhibitor of PKC-ι; or ζ-Stat, an inhibitor of PKC-ζ) and rapamycin blocks bladder cancer progression. In the present study, healthy bladder MC-SV-HUCT2 and bladder cancer TCCSUP cells were tested and subjected to a WST1 assay, western blot analysis, immunoprecipitation, a scratch wound healing assay, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analyses. The results revealed that the combination therapy induced a reduction in human bladder cancer cell viability compared with control and individual atypical PKC inhibitor and rapamycin treatment. Additionally, the concurrent inhibition of atypical PKCs and mTOR retards the migration of bladder cancer cells. These findings indicated that the administration of atypical PKC inhibitors together with rapamycin could be a useful therapeutic option in treating bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Sm Anisul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | | | - Tracess Smalley
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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Competitive glucose metabolism as a target to boost bladder cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Urol 2020; 17:77-106. [PMID: 31953517 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-019-0263-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer - the tenth most frequent cancer worldwide - has a heterogeneous natural history and clinical behaviour. The predominant histological subtype, urothelial bladder carcinoma, is characterized by high recurrence rates, progression and both primary and acquired resistance to platinum-based therapy, which impose a considerable economic burden on health-care systems and have substantial effects on the quality of life and the overall outcomes of patients with bladder cancer. The incidence of urothelial tumours is increasing owing to population growth and ageing, so novel therapeutic options are vital. Based on work by The Cancer Genome Atlas project, which has identified targetable vulnerabilities in bladder cancer, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have arisen as an effective alternative for managing advanced disease. However, although ICIs have shown durable responses in a subset of patients with bladder cancer, the overall response rate is only ~15-25%, which increases the demand for biomarkers of response and therapeutic strategies that can overcome resistance to ICIs. In ICI non-responders, cancer cells use effective mechanisms to evade immune cell antitumour activity; the overlapping Warburg effect machinery of cancer and immune cells is a putative determinant of the immunosuppressive phenotype in bladder cancer. This energetic interplay between tumour and immune cells leads to metabolic competition in the tumour ecosystem, limiting nutrient availability and leading to microenvironmental acidosis, which hinders immune cell function. Thus, molecular hallmarks of cancer cell metabolism are potential therapeutic targets, not only to eliminate malignant cells but also to boost the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this sense, integrating the targeting of tumour metabolism into immunotherapy design seems a rational approach to improve the therapeutic efficacy of ICIs.
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Liao C, Long Z, Zhang X, Cheng J, Qi F, Wu S, Huang T. LncARSR sponges miR-129-5p to promote proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer cells through increasing SOX4 expression. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1-11. [PMID: 31892841 PMCID: PMC6930381 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.39461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidences have indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are potential biomarkers, playing important roles in the development of cancer. LncRNA Activated in RCC with Sunitinib Resistance (lncARSR) is a novel lncRNA that functions as a potential biomarker and is involved in the progression of cancers. However, the clinical significance and molecular mechanism of lncARSR in bladder cancer (Bca) remains unknow. In this study, we discovered that lncARSR was significantly up-regulated in bladder cancer. In addition, increased expression of lncARSR was positively correlated with higher histological grade and larger tumor size. Further experiments demonstrated that suppression of lncARSR attenuated the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of Bca cells. Mechanistically, lncARSR was mainly located in the cytoplasm and acted as a miRNA sponge to positively modulate the expression of Sex-determining region Y-related high-mobility-group box transcription factor 4 (SOX4) via sponging miR-129-5p and subsequently promoted the proliferation and metastasis of Bca cells, thus playing an oncogenic role in Bca pathogenesis. In conclusion, our study indicated that lncARSR plays a critical regulatory role in Bca cells and lncARSR may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxian Liao
- Department of Urology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan City 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhaolin Long
- Department of Urology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan City 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinji Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan City 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianli Cheng
- Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Fuming Qi
- Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Shihao Wu
- Department of Urology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan City 528308, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Urology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan City 528308, Guangdong Province, China
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Ren D, Zhao J, Sun Y, Li D, Meng Z, Wang B, Fan P, Liu Z, Jin X, Wu H. Overexpressed ITGA2 promotes malignant tumor aggression by up-regulating PD-L1 expression through the activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:485. [PMID: 31818309 PMCID: PMC6902401 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Recent studies have reported that Integrin alpha 2 (ITGA2) plays an essential role in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. An abnormally expressed ITGA2 correlates with unfavorable prognoses in multiple types of cancer. However, the specific mechanism of how ITGA2 contributes to tumorigenesis remains unclear. Methods The GEPIA web tool was used to find the clinical relevance of ITGA2 in cancer, and this significance was verified using Western blotting analysis of paired patient tissues and immunohistochemistry of the pancreatic cancer tissue. Functional assays, such as the MTS assay, colony formation assay, and transwell assay, were used to determine the biological role of ITGA2 in human cancer. The relationship between ITGA2 and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) was examined using Western blot analysis, RT-qPCR assay, and immunohistochemistry. The protein-protein interaction between ITGA2 and STAT3 was detected via co-immunoprecipitation. Results Our study showed that ITGA2 was markedly overexpressed in several malignant tumor cells and clinical tissues. Blocking ITGA2 inhibited the proliferation and invasion ability of cancer cells significantly, whereas overexpressed ITGA2 increased the degree of those processes considerably. Additionally, the RNA-seq assay indicated that ITGA2 transcriptionally regulated the expression of PD-L1 in pancreatic cancer. We also demonstrated that ITGA2 interacted with STAT3 and up-regulated the phosphorylation of STAT3; this interaction might involve the mechanism of ITGA2 inducing PD-L1 expression in cancer cells. Our results suggest that ITGA2 plays a critical role in cancer cell progression and the regulation of PD-L1 by activating the STAT3 pathway. Conclusions We identified a novel mechanism by which ITGA2 plays a critical role in modulating cancer immune response by transcriptionally increasing the expression of PD-L1 in cancer cells. Thus, targeting ITGA2 is an effective method to enhance the efficacy of checkpoint immunotherapy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianyun Ren
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Dan Li
- Cardiovascular medicine department, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zibo Meng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Heshui Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Chen J, Chou F, Yeh S, Ou Z, Shyr C, Huang C, Xiang Z, Sun Y, Messing E, Zu X, Chang C. Androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) promotes the bladder cancer nuclear AR-negative cell invasion via a newly identified membrane androgen receptor (mAR-SLC39A9)-mediated Gαi protein/MAPK/MMP9 intracellular signaling. Oncogene 2019; 39:574-586. [PMID: 31506605 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0964-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
While androgens may function via nuclear androgen receptor (nAR) to increase bladder cancer (BCa) progression, the impact of androgens on muscle invasive BCa, which contains nearly 80% nAR-negative cells, remains unclear. To dissect the androgens potential impacts on these nAR-negative muscle invasive BCa, we first found that the androgens, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) might function via a novel membrane AR (mAR-SLC39A9) to increase nAR-negative BCa cell migration and invasion. Mechanism dissection revealed that DHT/mAR-SLC39A9 might function by altering Gαi protein-mediated MAPK/MMP9 intracellular signaling to increase nAR-negative BCa cell migration and invasion. Preclinical studies using multiple in vitro nAR-negative BCa cell lines and an in vivo mouse model all demonstrated that targeting this newly identified DHT/mAR-SLC39A9/Gαi/MAPK/MMP9 signaling with small molecules mAR-SLC39A9-shRNA or Gαi-shRNA, and not the classic antiandrogens including enzalutamide, bicalutamide, or hydroxyflutamide, could suppress nAR-negative BCa cell invasion. Results from human clinical samples surveys also indicated the positive correlation of this newly identified DHT/mAR signaling with BCa progression and prognosis. Together, these results suggest that androgens may not only function via the classic nAR to increase the nAR-positive BCa cell invasion, they may also function via this newly identified mAR-SLC39A9 to increase the nAR-negative/mAR-positive BCa cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Chen
- Departments of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Fuju Chou
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Shuyuan Yeh
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zhenyu Ou
- Departments of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Chihrong Shyr
- Sex Hormone Research Center, Departments of Urology and Medical Technology, China Medical University/Hospital, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiping Huang
- Sex Hormone Research Center, Departments of Urology and Medical Technology, China Medical University/Hospital, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zhendong Xiang
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yin Sun
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Edward Messing
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Institute, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Xiongbing Zu
- Departments of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China.
| | - Chawnshang Chang
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Institute, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Sex Hormone Research Center, Departments of Urology and Medical Technology, China Medical University/Hospital, 404, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Wu YJ, Su TR, Dai GF, Su JH, Liu CI. Flaccidoxide-13-Acetate-Induced Apoptosis in Human Bladder Cancer Cells is through Activation of p38/JNK, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Pathway. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17050287. [PMID: 31086026 PMCID: PMC6562797 DOI: 10.3390/md17050287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Flaccidoxide-13-acetate, an active compound isolated from cultured-type soft coral Sinularia gibberosa, has been shown to have inhibitory effects against invasion and cell migration of RT4 and T24 human bladder cancer cells. In our study, we used an 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), colony formation assay, and flow cytometry to determine the mechanisms of the anti-tumor effect of flaccidoxide-13-acetate. The MTT and colony formation assays showed that the cytotoxic effect of flaccidoxide-13-acetate on T24 and RT4 cells was dose-dependent, and the number of colonies formed in the culture was reduced with increasing flaccidoxide-13-acetate concentration. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that flaccidoxide-13-acetate induced late apoptotic events in both cell lines. Additionally, we found that flaccidoxide-13-acetate treatment upregulated the expressions of cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9, Bax, and Bad, and down-regulated the expressions of Bcl-2, p-Bad, Bcl-x1, and Mcl-1. The results indicated that apoptotic events were mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction via the caspase-dependent pathway. Flaccidoxide-13-acetate also provoked endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and led to activation of the PERK-eIF2α-ATF6-CHOP pathway. Moreover, we examined the PI3K/AKT signal pathway, and found that the expressions of phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K) and AKT (p-AKT) were decreased with flaccidoxide-13-acetate concentrations. On the other hand, our results showed that the phosphorylated JNK and p38 were obviously activated. The results support the idea that flaccidoxide-13-acetate-induced apoptosis is mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, and activation of both the p38 and JNK pathways, and also relies on inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling. These findings imply that flaccidoxide-13-acetate has potential in the development of chemotherapeutic agents for human bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Wu
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
- Department of Biological Technology, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
- Yu Jun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung 81363, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Rong Su
- Antai Medical Care Cooperation Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung 92842, Taiwan.
| | - Guo-Fong Dai
- Department of Biological Technology, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
- Yu Jun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung 81363, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Hsin Su
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-I Liu
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
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Steele TM, Talbott GC, Sam A, Tepper CG, Ghosh PM, Vinall RL. Obatoclax, a BH3 Mimetic, Enhances Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis and Decreases the Clonogenicity of Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Cells via Mechanisms That Involve the Inhibition of Pro-Survival Molecules as Well as Cell Cycle Regulators. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061285. [PMID: 30875757 PMCID: PMC6470498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies by our group and others have determined that expression levels of Bcl-2 and/or Bcl-xL, pro-survival molecules which are associated with chemoresistance, are elevated in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MI-BC). The goal of this study was to determine whether combining Obatoclax, a BH3 mimetic which inhibits pro-survival Bcl-2 family members, can improve responses to cisplatin chemotherapy, the standard of care treatment for MI-BC. Three MI-BC cell lines (T24, TCCSuP, 5637) were treated with Obatoclax alone or in combination with cisplatin and/or pre-miR-34a, a molecule which we have previously shown to inhibit MI-BC cell proliferation via decreasing Cdk6 expression. Proliferation, clonogenic, and apoptosis assays confirmed that Obatoclax can decrease cell proliferation and promote apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Combination treatment experiments identified Obatoclax + cisplatin as the most effective treatment. Immunoprecipitation and Western analyses indicate that, in addition to being able to inhibit Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, Obatoclax can also decrease cyclin D1 and Cdk4/6 expression levels. This has not previously been reported. The combined data demonstrate that Obatoclax can inhibit cell proliferation, promote apoptosis, and significantly enhance the effectiveness of cisplatin in MI-BC cells via mechanisms that likely involve the inhibition of both pro-survival molecules and cell cycle regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Steele
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, California Northstate University College of Pharmacy (CNUCOP), Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA.
- VA Northern California Health Care System (VANCHCS), Sacramento, CA 95655, USA.
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - George C Talbott
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, California Northstate University College of Pharmacy (CNUCOP), Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA.
| | - Anhao Sam
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, California Northstate University College of Pharmacy (CNUCOP), Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA.
| | - Clifford G Tepper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Paramita M Ghosh
- VA Northern California Health Care System (VANCHCS), Sacramento, CA 95655, USA.
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Ruth L Vinall
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, California Northstate University College of Pharmacy (CNUCOP), Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA.
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TYRO3 as a molecular target for growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in bladder cancer. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:555-564. [PMID: 30765874 PMCID: PMC6461973 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0397-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an aggressive neoplasm with poor prognosis, lacking effective therapeutic targets. Oncogenic dependency on members of the TAM tyrosine kinase receptor family (TYRO3, AXL, MERTK) has been reported in several cancer types, but their role in bladder cancer has never been explored. Methods TAM receptor expression was evaluated in two series of human bladder tumours by gene expression (TCGA and CIT series), immunohistochemistry and western blotting analyses (CIT series). The role of the different TAM receptors was assessed by loss-of-function experiments and pharmaceutical inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Results We reported a significantly higher expression of TYRO3, but not AXL or MERTK, in both non-MIBCs and MIBCs, compared to normal urothelium. Loss-of-function experiments identified a TYRO3-dependency of bladder carcinoma-derived cells both in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model, whereas AXL and MERTK depletion had only a minor impact on cell viability. Accordingly, TYRO3-dependent bladder tumour cells were sensitive to pharmacological treatment with two pan-TAM inhibitors. Finally, growth inhibition upon TYRO3 depletion relies on cell cycle inhibition and apoptosis associated with induction of tumour-suppressive signals. Conclusions Our results provide a preclinical proof of concept for TYRO3 as a potential therapeutic target in bladder cancer.
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Tian T, Li X, Zhang J. mTOR Signaling in Cancer and mTOR Inhibitors in Solid Tumor Targeting Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030755. [PMID: 30754640 PMCID: PMC6387042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a crucial role in regulation of cell survival, metabolism, growth and protein synthesis in response to upstream signals in both normal physiological and pathological conditions, especially in cancer. Aberrant mTOR signaling resulting from genetic alterations from different levels of the signal cascade is commonly observed in various types of cancers. Upon hyperactivation, mTOR signaling promotes cell proliferation and metabolism that contribute to tumor initiation and progression. In addition, mTOR also negatively regulates autophagy via different ways. We discuss mTOR signaling and its key upstream and downstream factors, the specific genetic changes in the mTOR pathway and the inhibitors of mTOR applied as therapeutic strategies in eight solid tumors. Although monotherapy and combination therapy with mTOR inhibitors have been extensively applied in preclinical and clinical trials in various cancer types, innovative therapies with better efficacy and less drug resistance are still in great need, and new biomarkers and deep sequencing technologies will facilitate these mTOR targeting drugs benefit the cancer patients in personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
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40
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Kim DK, Lee JY, Jung JH, Hah YS, Cho KS. Role of adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy following radical cystectomy in locally advanced muscle-invasive bladder cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Investig Clin Urol 2019; 60:64-74. [PMID: 30838338 PMCID: PMC6397926 DOI: 10.4111/icu.2019.60.2.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We purposed to assess the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACH) on survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) who are treated with radical cystectomy (RC). Materials and Methods Literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases for all articles that were published until February 2018. Systematic review and meta-analysis were performed by pooling the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared patients with locally advanced MIBC who received ACH after RC to those who underwent cystectomy alone. Endpoints were progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results Four RCTs with a total of 490 patients were selected for the analysis. These four trials included patients with locally advanced MIBC. Pooled HRs for PFS and OS across the studies were 0.48 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39–0.60; p<0.00001) and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.48–0.83; p=0.0009), respectively. Absolute increases in PFS and OS for locally advanced MIBC were 17% and 10%, respectively (i.e., equivalent to numbers needed to treat of 5.9 and 10). Conclusions ACH following RC may improve the survival outcomes of locally advanced MIBC patients. Beneficial effect of ACH might be more marked in patients with locally advanced MIBC when comparing the previously reported meta-analysis with all MIBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Kyung Kim
- Department of Urology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Yong Lee
- Department of Urology, Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hung Jung
- Department of Urology, Institute of Evidence Based Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Hah
- Department of Urology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kang Su Cho
- Department of Urology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Li Y, Yang K, Li K, Liu H, Zhao S, Jiao M, Fu X. Clinical and molecular characteristics of bladder urothelial carcinoma subtypes. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:9956-9963. [PMID: 30548659 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) is a common malignancy with high heterogeneity. A reasonable molecular subtyping can facilitate biological study and personalized therapy of BLCA. In this study, unsupervised consensus clustering was used to acquire the molecular subtypes of BLCA based on messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) data. Gene signature markers and canonical signaling pathways were compared between different subtypes. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was used for the functional annotation of overexpressed genes in different subtypes for Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Three molecular subtypes were identified including C1 (luminal-P53 like), C2 (luminal-other), and C3 (basal-immune-squamous). C2 was different from C1 and C3 in clinical characteristics, including younger, better prognosis, and a higher proportion of papillary, Asian, low-grade, early-stage, lymph node negative, and complete remission patients (P < 0.05). Three molecular subtypes also showed distinct mRNA and miRNA expression patterns. luminal and P53-like markers were highly expressed in subtype C1, luminal markers were highly expressed in subtype C2, and basal, EMT/claudin-low, immune and squamous-differentiation markers were highly expressed in subtype C3. In addition, highly expressed genes in C1 were involved in extracellular signal transduction and cell-cell interaction, highly expressed genes in C2 were associated with oxygen transport, energy and steroid metabolism, and highly expressed genes in C3 were related with inflammatory, immune, cytokine, and signal transduction. BLCA in different molecular subtypes showed different clinical and molecular characteristics and personalized therapy needed to be adopted according to the molecular subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Organization, General Hospital of Benxi Iron and Steel Co., Benxi, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Academic Affairs, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Siqi Zhao
- Department of Psychology and Humanities Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mingli Jiao
- Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinru Fu
- Department of Organization, General Hospital of Benxi Iron and Steel Co., Benxi, China
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The Role of Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling in Bladder Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10120484. [PMID: 30518063 PMCID: PMC6315905 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10120484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous preclinical studies have indicated that the activation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling results in inhibition of the growth of various types of tumors. Indeed, several glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone and prednisone, have been prescribed for the treatment of, for example, hematological malignancies and castration-resistant prostate cancer. By contrast, the role of glucocorticoid-mediated glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the progression of bladder cancer remains far from being fully understood. Nonetheless, emerging evidence implies its unique functions in urothelial cancer cells. Moreover, the levels of glucocorticoid receptor expression have been documented to significantly associate with the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. This review summarizes the available data suggesting the involvement of glucocorticoid-mediated glucocorticoid receptor signaling in urothelial tumor outgrowth and highlights the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. The molecules/pathways that contribute to modulating glucocorticoid receptor activity and function in bladder cancer cells are also discussed.
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43
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Jun X, Fu P, Lei Y, Cheng P. Pharmacological effects of medicinal components of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. Chin Med 2018; 13:59. [PMID: 30505341 PMCID: PMC6260578 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-018-0216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atractylodes lancea Thunb. DC. (AL) has a long history as one of the important herbs used in East Asia. This review is on the purpose of providing a comprehensive summary of the pharmacological effects of AL and its extractions. The publication from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Wiley database was collected and summarized. The potential application of AL on the disease could be attributed to its pharmacological properties such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and other essential effects. Hence, this review aims at providing evidence of the pharmacological activities of AL as one of natural products used in clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xie Jun
- 1Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Fu
- 2West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Lei
- 1Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- 1Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Zajac M, Boothman AM, Ben Y, Gupta A, Jin X, Mistry A, Sabalos C, Nielsen A, Manriquez G, Barker C, Antal J, Wang P, Patil P, Schechter N, Rebelatto MC, Walker J. Analytical Validation and Clinical Utility of an Immunohistochemical Programmed Death Ligand-1 Diagnostic Assay and Combined Tumor and Immune Cell Scoring Algorithm for Durvalumab in Urothelial Carcinoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2018; 143:722-731. [DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2017-0555-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Context.—
Clinical responses to anti–programmed death receptor-1 and anti–programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) agents are generally improved in patients with high PD-L1 expression compared with those with low/negative expression across several tumor types, including urothelial carcinoma.
Objective.—
To validate a PD-L1 immunohistochemical diagnostic test in urothelial carcinoma patients treated with the anti–PD-L1 monoclonal antibody durvalumab.
Design.—
The Ventana PD-L1 (SP263) assay was validated for intended use in urothelial carcinoma formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples in studies addressing sensitivity, specificity, robustness, and precision, and implemented in study CD-ON-MEDI4736-1108 (NCT01693562). Efficacy was analyzed in patients classified according to prespecified PD-L1 expression cutoffs: PD-L1 high (if >1% of the tumor area contained tumor-associated immune cells, ≥25% of tumor cells or ≥25% of immune cells stained for PD-L1; if ≤1% of the tumor area contained immune cells, ≥25% of tumor cells or 100% of immune cells stained for PD-L1) and PD-L1 low/negative (did not meet criteria for PD-L1 high).
Results.—
The assay met all predefined acceptance criteria for sensitivity, specificity, and precision. Interreader and intrareader precision overall agreement were 93.0% and 92.4%, respectively. For intraday reproducibility and interday precision, overall agreement was 99.2% and 100%, respectively. Interlaboratory overall agreement was 92.6%. In study CD-ON-MEDI4736-1108, durvalumab demonstrated clinical activity and durable responses in both PD-L1–high and PD-L1–low/negative subgroups, although objective response rates tended to be higher in the PD-L1–high subgroup than in the PD-L1–low/negative subgroup.
Conclusions.—
Determination of PD-L1 expression in urothelial carcinoma patients using the Ventana PD-L1 (SP263) assay was precise, highly reproducible, and clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zajac
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Anne-Marie Boothman
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Yong Ben
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Ashok Gupta
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Xiaoping Jin
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Amita Mistry
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Constantine Sabalos
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Alma Nielsen
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Guadalupe Manriquez
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Craig Barker
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Joyce Antal
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Peiyi Wang
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Pallavi Patil
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Nicole Schechter
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Marlon C. Rebelatto
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
| | - Jill Walker
- From Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Drs Zajac, Boothman, and Walker and Mr Barker); Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland (Dr Ben); Clinical Development (Dr Gupta and Ms Antal), Biostatistics (Dr Jin), and Translational Sciences and Pathology (Dr Rebelatto), MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Roche Tissue
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45
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Worst TS, Weis CA, Stöhr R, Bertz S, Eckstein M, Otto W, Breyer J, Hartmann A, Bolenz C, Wirtz RM, Erben P. CDKN2A as transcriptomic marker for muscle-invasive bladder cancer risk stratification and therapy decision-making. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14383. [PMID: 30258198 PMCID: PMC6158275 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletions of the cell cycle control gene CDKN2A are described as progression markers of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and to be associated with fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGFR3) mutations. The prognostic role of CDKN2A RNA expression in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is under discussion. In 80 MIBC patients (m/f 60/20) who underwent radical cystectomy the expression of CDKN2A and FGFR3 was examined with qRT-PCR (test cohort). The MDA cohort (n = 57) and the TCGA cohort (n = 365) served for validation. The expression of drug target genes and TCGA molecular subtypes was correlated with CDKN2A expression. In the test cohort CDKN2Ahigh patients (n = 8; 10.0%) had a significantly shorter recurrence-free (p = 0.018) and disease-specific (p = 0.006) survival compared to the rest of the cohort. A similar stratification was seen in the validation cohorts (CDKN2Ahigh: n = 7, 12.3%, p = 0.001; n = 46, 12.6%, p = 0.011). In the TCGA cohort these patients had a comparably low expression of drug target genes. The expression of CDKN2A significantly differed among TGCA molecular subtypes. 71.7% of CDKN2Ahigh were TCGA basal squamous tumours but also show divergent molecular features compared to this group. In summary CDKN2A RNA expression-based risk stratification of MIBC allows the identification of a CDKN2Ahigh poor prognosis group with low expression of drug target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Worst
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Cleo-Aron Weis
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Robert Stöhr
- Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstraße 8-10, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Bertz
- Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstraße 8-10, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstraße 8-10, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Otto
- Department of Urology, University of Regensburg, Landshuter Straße 65, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Breyer
- Department of Urology, University of Regensburg, Landshuter Straße 65, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstraße 8-10, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Bolenz
- Department of Urology, University of Ulm, Prittwitzstraße 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ralph M Wirtz
- STRATIFYER Molecular Pathology GmbH, Werthmannstraße 1, 50935, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Pathology at the St Elisabeth Hospital Köln-Hohenlind, Werthmannstraße 1, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Erben
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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46
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Mikhaylenko DS, Alekseev BY, Zaletaev DV, Goncharova RI, Nemtsova MV. Structural Alterations in Human Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors in Carcinogenesis. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 83:930-943. [PMID: 30208830 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918080059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) plays an important role in human embryogenesis, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Carcinogenesis is accompanied by aberrant constitutive activation of FGF receptors (FGFRs) resulting from missense mutation in the FGFR1-4 genes, generation of chimeric oncogenes, FGFR1-4 gene amplification, alternative splicing shift toward formation of mesenchymal FGFR isoforms, and FGFR overexpression. Altogether, these alterations contribute to auto- and paracrine stimulation of cancer cells and neoangiogenesis. Certain missense mutations are found at a high rate in urinary bladder cancer and can be used for non-invasive cancer recurrence diagnostics by analyzing urine cell pellet DNA. Chimeric FGFR1/3 and amplified FGFR1/2 genes can predict cell response to the targeted therapy in various oncological diseases. In recent years, high-throughput sequencing has been used to analyze exomes of virtually all human tumors, which allowed to construct phylogenetic trees of clonal cancer evolution with special emphasis on driver mutations in FGFR1-4 genes. At present, FGFR blockers, such as multi-kinase inhibitors, specific FGFR inhibitors, and FGF ligand traps are being tested in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss current data on the functioning of the FGFR family proteins in both normal and cancer cells, mutations in the FGFR1-4 genes, and mechanisms underlying their oncogenic potential, which might be interesting to a broad range of scientists searching for specific tumor markers and targeted anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Mikhaylenko
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Lopatkin Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology, Branch of the National Medical Research Center of Radiology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, 105425, Russia.,Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | - B Y Alekseev
- Lopatkin Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology, Branch of the National Medical Research Center of Radiology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, 105425, Russia
| | - D V Zaletaev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - R I Goncharova
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Belorussian National Academy of Sciences, Minsk, 220072, Belarus
| | - M V Nemtsova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, 115478, Russia
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47
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Søgaard CK, Blindheim A, Røst LM, Petrović V, Nepal A, Bachke S, Liabakk NB, Gederaas OA, Viset T, Arum CJ, Bruheim P, Otterlei M. "Two hits - one stone"; increased efficacy of cisplatin-based therapies by targeting PCNA's role in both DNA repair and cellular signaling. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32448-32465. [PMID: 30197755 PMCID: PMC6126690 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Low response rate and rapid development of resistance against commonly used chemotherapeutic regimes demand new multi-targeting anti-cancer strategies. In this study, we target the stress-related roles of the scaffold protein PCNA with a cell-penetrating peptide containing the PCNA-interacting motif APIM. The APIM-peptide increased the efficacy of cisplatin-based therapies in a muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) solid tumor model in rat and in bladder cancer (BC) cell lines. By combining multiple omics-levels, from gene expression to proteome/kinome and metabolome, we revealed a unique downregulation of the EGFR/ERBB2 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in the APIM-peptide-cisplatin combination treated cells. Additionally, the combination treatment reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and proteins involved in development of resistance to cisplatin. Concurrently, we observed increased levels of DNA breaks in combination treated cells, suggesting that the APIM-peptide impaired PCNA - DNA repair protein interactions and reduced the efficacy of repair. This was also seen in cisplatin-resistant cells, which notably was re-sensitized to cisplatin by the APIM-peptide. Our data indicate that the increased efficacy of cisplatin treatment is mediated both via downregulation of known oncogenic signaling pathways and inhibition of DNA repair/translesion synthesis (TLS), thus the APIM-peptide hits both nuclear and cytosolic functions of PCNA. The novel multi-targeting strategy of the APIM-peptide could potentially improve the efficacy of chemotherapeutic regiments for treatment of MIBC, and likely other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Krogh Søgaard
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Augun Blindheim
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Urology and Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lisa M Røst
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Voin Petrović
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anala Nepal
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Siri Bachke
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nina-Beate Liabakk
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Odrun A Gederaas
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Trond Viset
- Department of Pathology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Carl-Jørgen Arum
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Urology and Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Per Bruheim
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit Otterlei
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,APIM Therapeutics A/S, Trondheim, Norway
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48
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Roy M, Liang L, Xiao X, Feng P, Ye M, Liu J. Lycorine: A prospective natural lead for anticancer drug discovery. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:615-624. [PMID: 30114645 PMCID: PMC7127747 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Outline of the anticancer properties and associated molecular mechanism mediated by lycorine. Comprehensive analysis of the structure activity relationship associated with anticancer activity of lycorine. Summary of the pharmacological aspects and implications for future directions with this compound.
Nature is the most abundant source for novel drug discovery. Lycorine is a natural alkaloid with immense therapeutic potential. Lycorine is active in a very low concentration and with high specificity against a number of cancers both in vivo and in vitro and against various drug-resistant cancer cells. This review summarized the therapeutic effect and the anticancer mechanisms of lycorine. At the same time, we have discussed the pharmacology and comparative structure-activity relationship for the anticancer activity of this compound. The researches outlined in this paper serve as a foundation to explain lycorine as an important lead compound for new generation anticancer drug design and provide the principle for the development of biological strategies to utilize lycorine in the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridul Roy
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Long Liang
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xiao
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Peifu Feng
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Mao Ye
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
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49
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Reversine induces autophagic cell death through the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway in urothelial carcinoma cells. Anticancer Drugs 2018; 29:29-39. [PMID: 28984683 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies of the urinary tract. Effective treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma remains a clinical challenge with poor outcomes in these patients. Previous reports have shown that the expression of aurora kinase is associated with clinical stage and prognosis; hence, aurora kinases are potential targets in urothelial carcinoma therapy. Reversine, an aurora kinase inhibitor, was analyzed for its cytotoxicity in this study. Cell proliferation, flow cytometry, western blotting, and immunofluorescent assay were used to determine the effect of reversine on urothelial carcinoma cells. The results showed that reversine significantly inhibits the growth of urothelial carcinoma cell lines. Reversine induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, leading to autophagic cell death by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. Reversine induced significant cell death in urothelial carcinoma cells. Our results suggest that reversine may be a suitably small molecule for treating urothelial carcinoma in the future.
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Maeda S, Tomiyasu H, Tsuboi M, Inoue A, Ishihara G, Uchikai T, Chambers JK, Uchida K, Yonezawa T, Matsuki N. Comprehensive gene expression analysis of canine invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma by RNA-Seq. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:472. [PMID: 29699519 PMCID: PMC5921755 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4409-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive urothelial carcinoma (iUC) is a major cause of death in humans, and approximately 165,000 individuals succumb to this cancer annually worldwide. Comparative oncology using relevant animal models is necessary to improve our understanding of progression, diagnosis, and treatment of iUC. Companion canines are a preferred animal model of iUC due to spontaneous tumor development and similarity to human disease in terms of histopathology, metastatic behavior, and treatment response. However, the comprehensive molecular characterization of canine iUC is not well documented. In this study, we performed transcriptome analysis of tissue samples from canine iUC and normal bladders using an RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) approach to identify key molecular pathways in canine iUC. METHODS Total RNA was extracted from bladder tissues of 11 dogs with iUC and five healthy dogs, and RNA-Seq was conducted. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to assign differentially expressed genes to known upstream regulators and functional networks. RESULTS Differential gene expression analysis of the RNA-Seq data revealed 2531 differentially expressed genes, comprising 1007 upregulated and 1524 downregulated genes, in canine iUC. IPA revealed that the most activated upstream regulator was PTGER2 (encoding the prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2), which is consistent with the therapeutic efficiency of cyclooxygenase inhibitors in canine iUC. Similar to human iUC, canine iUC exhibited upregulated ERBB2 and downregulated TP53 pathways. Biological functions associated with cancer, cell proliferation, and leukocyte migration were predicted to be activated, while muscle functions were predicted to be inhibited, indicating muscle-invasive tumor property. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirmed similarities in gene expression patterns between canine and human iUC and identified potential therapeutic targets (PTGER2, ERBB2, CCND1, Vegf, and EGFR), suggesting the value of naturally occurring canine iUC as a relevant animal model for human iUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Tomiyasu
- Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Tsuboi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Inoue
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Takao Uchikai
- Anicom Specialty Medical Institute Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - James K Chambers
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yonezawa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoaki Matsuki
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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