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de Calbiac H, Imbard A, de Lonlay P. Cellular mechanisms of acute rhabdomyolysis in inherited metabolic diseases. J Inherit Metab Dis 2025; 48:e12781. [PMID: 39135340 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
Acute rhabdomyolysis (RM) constitutes a life-threatening emergency resulting from the (acute) breakdown of skeletal myofibers, characterized by a plasma creatine kinase (CK) level exceeding 1000 IU/L in response to a precipitating factor. Genetic predisposition, particularly inherited metabolic diseases, often underlie RM, contributing to recurrent episodes. Both sporadic and congenital forms of RM share common triggers. Considering the skeletal muscle's urgent need to rapidly adjust to environmental cues, sustaining sufficient energy levels and functional autophagy and mitophagy processes are vital for its preservation and response to stressors. Crucially, the composition of membrane lipids, along with lipid and calcium transport, and the availability of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), influence membrane biophysical properties, membrane curvature in skeletal muscle, calcium channel signaling regulation, and determine the characteristics of autophagic organelles. Consequently, a genetic defect involving ATP depletion, aberrant calcium release, abnormal lipid metabolism and/or lipid or calcium transport, and/or impaired anterograde trafficking may disrupt autophagy resulting in RM. The complex composition of lipid membranes also alters Toll-like receptor signaling and viral replication. In response, infections, recognized triggers of RM, stimulate increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, affecting skeletal muscle integrity, energy metabolism, and cellular trafficking, while elevated temperatures can reduce the activity of thermolabile enzymes. Overall, several mechanisms can account for RMs and may be associated in the same disease-causing RM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hortense de Calbiac
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Apolline Imbard
- Service de Biochimie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Faculté de pharmacie, LYPSIS, Université Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Imagine Institute, Filière G2M, MetabERN, Paris, France
| | - Pascale de Lonlay
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Imagine Institute, Filière G2M, MetabERN, Paris, France
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Reinhard J, Starke L, Klose C, Haberkant P, Hammarén H, Stein F, Klein O, Berhorst C, Stumpf H, Sáenz JP, Hub J, Schuldiner M, Ernst R. MemPrep, a new technology for isolating organellar membranes provides fingerprints of lipid bilayer stress. EMBO J 2024; 43:1653-1685. [PMID: 38491296 PMCID: PMC11021466 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological membranes have a stunning ability to adapt their composition in response to physiological stress and metabolic challenges. Little is known how such perturbations affect individual organelles in eukaryotic cells. Pioneering work has provided insights into the subcellular distribution of lipids in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but the composition of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, which also crucially regulates lipid metabolism and the unfolded protein response, remains insufficiently characterized. Here, we describe a method for purifying organelle membranes from yeast, MemPrep. We demonstrate the purity of our ER membrane preparations by proteomics, and document the general utility of MemPrep by isolating vacuolar membranes. Quantitative lipidomics establishes the lipid composition of the ER and the vacuolar membrane. Our findings provide a baseline for studying membrane protein biogenesis and have important implications for understanding the role of lipids in regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR). The combined preparative and analytical MemPrep approach uncovers dynamic remodeling of ER membranes in stressed cells and establishes distinct molecular fingerprints of lipid bilayer stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Reinhard
- Saarland University, Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Homburg, Germany
- Saarland University, Preclinical Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Homburg, Germany
| | - Leonhard Starke
- Saarland University, Theoretical Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Per Haberkant
- EMBL Heidelberg, Proteomics Core Facility, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Frank Stein
- EMBL Heidelberg, Proteomics Core Facility, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ofir Klein
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Charlotte Berhorst
- Saarland University, Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Homburg, Germany
- Saarland University, Preclinical Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Homburg, Germany
| | - Heike Stumpf
- Saarland University, Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Homburg, Germany
- Saarland University, Preclinical Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Homburg, Germany
| | - James P Sáenz
- Technische Universität Dresden, B CUBE, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jochen Hub
- Saarland University, Theoretical Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Maya Schuldiner
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Robert Ernst
- Saarland University, Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Homburg, Germany.
- Saarland University, Preclinical Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Homburg, Germany.
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Jiménez-Sánchez C, Sinturel F, Mezza T, Loizides-Mangold U, Montoya JP, Li L, Di Giuseppe G, Quero G, Guessous I, Jornayvaz F, Schrauwen P, Stenvers DJ, Alfieri S, Giaccari A, Berishvili E, Compagnon P, Bosco D, Riezman H, Dibner C, Maechler P. Lysophosphatidylinositols Are Upregulated After Human β-Cell Loss and Potentiate Insulin Release. Diabetes 2024; 73:93-107. [PMID: 37862465 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we identified new lipid species associated with the loss of pancreatic β-cells triggering diabetes. We performed lipidomics measurements on serum from prediabetic mice lacking β-cell prohibitin-2 (a model of monogenic diabetes) patients without previous history of diabetes but scheduled for pancreaticoduodenectomy resulting in the acute reduction of their β-cell mass (∼50%), and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We found lysophosphatidylinositols (lysoPIs) were the main circulating lipid species altered in prediabetic mice. The changes were confirmed in the patients with acute reduction of their β-cell mass and in those with T2D. Increased lysoPIs significantly correlated with HbA1c (reflecting glycemic control), fasting glycemia, and disposition index, and did not correlate with insulin resistance or obesity in human patients with T2D. INS-1E β-cells as well as pancreatic islets isolated from nondiabetic mice and human donors exposed to exogenous lysoPIs showed potentiated glucose-stimulated and basal insulin secretion. Finally, addition of exogenous lysoPIs partially rescued impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets from mice and humans in the diabetic state. Overall, lysoPIs appear to be lipid species upregulated in the prediabetic stage associated with the loss of β-cells and that support the secretory function of the remaining β-cells. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS Circulating lysophosphatidylinositols (lysoPIs) are increased in situations associated with β-cell loss in mice and humans such as (pre-)diabetes, and hemipancreatectomy. Pancreatic islets isolated from nondiabetic mice and human donors, as well as INS-1E β-cells, exposed to exogenous lysoPIs exhibited potentiated glucose-stimulated and basal insulin secretion. Addition of exogenous lysoPIs partially rescued impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets from mice and humans in the diabetic state. LysoPIs appear as lipid species being upregulated already in the prediabetic stage associated with the loss of β-cells and supporting the function of the remaining β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Jiménez-Sánchez
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Flore Sinturel
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Teresa Mezza
- Pancreas Unit, Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli, Institute of Hospitalization and Scientific Care (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ursula Loizides-Mangold
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Paz Montoya
- Proteomics Core Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lingzi Li
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gianfranco Di Giuseppe
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Quero
- Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Chirurgia Digestiva, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCSS Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Idris Guessous
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Jornayvaz
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Education, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk Jan Stenvers
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sergio Alfieri
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Chirurgia Digestiva, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCSS Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Giaccari
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ekaterine Berishvili
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Cell isolation and Transplantation Center, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Compagnon
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Cell isolation and Transplantation Center, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Domenico Bosco
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Cell isolation and Transplantation Center, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Howard Riezman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, National Centre of Competence in Research Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Charna Dibner
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Maechler
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
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Konishi R, Fukuda K, Kuriyama S, Masatani T, Xuan X, Fujita A. Unique asymmetric distribution of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine in Toxoplasma gondii revealed by nanoscale analysis. Histochem Cell Biol 2023; 160:279-291. [PMID: 37477836 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-023-02218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a highly prevalent obligate apicomplexan parasite that is important in clinical and veterinary medicine. It is known that glycerophospholipids phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), especially their expression levels and flip-flops between cytoplasmic and exoplasmic leaflets, in the membrane of T. gondii play important roles in efficient growth in host mammalian cells, but their distributions have still not been determined because of technical difficulties in studying intracellular lipid distribution at the nanometer level. In this study, we developed an electron microscopy method that enabled us to determine the distributions of PtdSer and PtdEtn in individual leaflets of cellular membranes by using quick-freeze freeze-fracture replica labeling. Our findings show that PtdSer and PtdEtn are asymmetrically distributed, with substantial amounts localized at the luminal leaflet of the inner membrane complex (IMC), which comprises flattened vesicles located just underneath the plasma membrane (see Figs. 2B and 7). We also found that PtdSer was absent in the cytoplasmic leaflet of the inner IMC membrane, but was present in considerable amounts in the cytoplasmic leaflet of the middle IMC membrane, suggesting a barrier-like mechanism preventing the diffusion of PtdSer in the cytoplasmic leaflets of the two membranes. In addition, the expression levels of both PtdSer and PtdEtn in the luminal leaflet of the IMC membrane in the highly virulent RH strain were higher than those in the less virulent PLK strain. We also found that the amount of glycolipid GM3, a lipid raft component, was higher in the RH strain than in the PLK strain. These results suggest a correlation between lipid raft maintenance, virulence, and the expression levels of PtdSer and PtdEtn in T. gondii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikako Konishi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Basic Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kayoko Fukuda
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Basic Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Sayuri Kuriyama
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Basic Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Masatani
- Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Xuenan Xuan
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Akikazu Fujita
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Basic Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
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Gao L, Cao J, Gong S, Hao N, Du Y, Wang C, Wu T. The COPII subunit CsSEC23 mediates fruit glossiness in cucumber. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:524-540. [PMID: 37460197 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
To improve our understanding of the mechanism underlying cucumber glossiness regulation, a novel cucumber mutant with a glossy peel (Csgp) was identified. MutMap, genotyping, and gene editing results demonstrated that CsSEC23, which is the core component of COPII vesicles, mediates the glossiness of cucumber fruit peel. CsSEC23 is functionally conserved and located in the Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum. CsSEC23 could interact with CsSEC31, but this interaction was absent in the Csgp mutant, which decreased the efficiency of COPII vesicle transportation. Genes related to wax and cutin transport were upregulated in the Csgp mutant, and the cuticle structure of the Csgp-mutant peel became thinner. Moreover, the wax and cutin contents were also changed due to CsSEC23 mutation. Taken together, the results obtained from this study revealed that CsSEC23 mediates cucumber glossiness, and this mediating might be affected by COPII vesicle transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Gao
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops (vegetables, tea, etc.), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Changsha, 410128, China
- Yuelushan Lab, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jiajian Cao
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops (vegetables, tea, etc.), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Changsha, 410128, China
- Yuelushan Lab, Changsha, 410128, China
- Whampoa Innovation Research Institute, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Siyu Gong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ning Hao
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yalin Du
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops (vegetables, tea, etc.), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Changsha, 410128, China
- Yuelushan Lab, Changsha, 410128, China
- Whampoa Innovation Research Institute, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops (vegetables, tea, etc.), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Changsha, 410128, China
- Yuelushan Lab, Changsha, 410128, China
- Whampoa Innovation Research Institute, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Tao Wu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops (vegetables, tea, etc.), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Changsha, 410128, China
- Yuelushan Lab, Changsha, 410128, China
- Whampoa Innovation Research Institute, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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Abubakar YS, Sadiq IZ, Aarti A, Wang Z, Zheng W. Interplay of transport vesicles during plant-fungal pathogen interaction. STRESS BIOLOGY 2023; 3:35. [PMID: 37676627 PMCID: PMC10442309 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Vesicle trafficking is an essential cellular process upon which many physiological processes of eukaryotic cells rely. It is usually the 'language' of communication among the components of the endomembrane system within a cell, between cells and between a cell and its external environment. Generally, cells have the potential to internalize membrane-bound vesicles from external sources by endocytosis. Plants constantly interact with both mutualistic and pathogenic microbes. A large part of this interaction involves the exchange of transport vesicles between the plant cells and the microbes. Usually, in a pathogenic interaction, the pathogen releases vesicles containing bioactive molecules that can modulate the host immunity when absorbed by the host cells. In response to this attack, the host cells similarly mobilize some vesicles containing pathogenesis-related compounds to the pathogen infection site to destroy the pathogen, prevent it from penetrating the host cell or annul its influence. In fact, vesicle trafficking is involved in nearly all the strategies of phytopathogen attack subsequent plant immune responses. However, this field of plant-pathogen interaction is still at its infancy when narrowed down to plant-fungal pathogen interaction in relation to exchange of transport vesicles. Herein, we summarized some recent and novel findings unveiling the involvement of transport vesicles as a crosstalk in plant-fungal phytopathogen interaction, discussed their significance and identified some knowledge gaps to direct future research in the field. The roles of vesicles trafficking in the development of both organisms are also established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakubu Saddeeq Abubakar
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Idris Zubair Sadiq
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Aarti Aarti
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Wenhui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
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Limar S, Körner C, Martínez-Montañés F, Stancheva VG, Wolf VN, Walter S, Miller EA, Ejsing CS, Galassi VV, Fröhlich F. Yeast Svf1 binds ceramides and contributes to sphingolipid metabolism at the ER cis-Golgi interface. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202109162. [PMID: 36897280 PMCID: PMC10038888 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202109162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are essential precursors of complex sphingolipids and act as potent signaling molecules. Ceramides are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and receive their head-groups in the Golgi apparatus, yielding complex sphingolipids (SPs). Transport of ceramides between the ER and the Golgi is executed by the essential ceramide transport protein (CERT) in mammalian cells. However, yeast cells lack a CERT homolog, and the mechanism of ER to Golgi ceramide transport remains largely elusive. Here, we identified a role for yeast Svf1 in ceramide transport between the ER and the Golgi. Svf1 is dynamically targeted to membranes via an N-terminal amphipathic helix (AH). Svf1 binds ceramide via a hydrophobic binding pocket that is located in between two lipocalin domains. We showed that Svf1 membrane-targeting is important to maintain flux of ceramides into complex SPs. Together, our results show that Svf1 is a ceramide binding protein that contributes to sphingolipid metabolism at Golgi compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergej Limar
- Department of Biology/Chemistry Bioanalytical Chemistry Section, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Carolin Körner
- Department of Biology/Chemistry Bioanalytical Chemistry Section, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Fernando Martínez-Montañés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Villum Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Verena N. Wolf
- Department of Biology/Chemistry Bioanalytical Chemistry Section, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Stefan Walter
- Osnabrück University Center of Cellular Nanoanalytic Osnabrück (CellNanOs), Osnabrück, Germany
| | | | - Christer S. Ejsing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Villum Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vanesa Viviana Galassi
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Florian Fröhlich
- Department of Biology/Chemistry Bioanalytical Chemistry Section, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
- Osnabrück University Center of Cellular Nanoanalytic Osnabrück (CellNanOs), Osnabrück, Germany
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Subramanian C, Frank MW, Yun MK, Rock CO. The Phospholipase A1 Activity of Glycerol Ester Hydrolase (Geh) Is Responsible for Extracellular 2-12( S)-Methyltetradecanoyl-Lysophosphatidylglycerol Production in Staphylococcus aureus. mSphere 2023; 8:e0003123. [PMID: 36976028 PMCID: PMC10117073 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00031-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) is the major membrane phospholipid of Staphylococcus aureus and predominately consists of molecular species with ≥16-carbon acyl chains in the 1-position and anteiso 12(S)-methyltetradecaonate (a15) esterified at the 2-position. The analysis of the growth media for PG-derived products shows S. aureus releases essentially pure 2-12(S)-methyltetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1'-sn-glycerol (a15:0-LPG) derived from the hydrolysis of the 1-position of PG into the environment. The cellular lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) pool is dominated by a15-LPG but also consists of ≥16-LPG species arising from the removal of the 2-position. Mass tracing experiments confirmed a15-LPG was derived from isoleucine metabolism. A screen of candidate secreted lipase knockout strains pinpointed glycerol ester hydrolase (geh) as the gene required for generating extracellular a15-LPG, and complementation of a Δgeh strain with a Geh expression plasmid restored extracellular a15-LPG formation. Orlistat, a covalent inhibitor of Geh, also attenuated extracellular a15-LPG accumulation. Purified Geh hydrolyzed the 1-position acyl chain of PG and generated only a15-LPG from a S. aureus lipid mixture. The Geh product was 2-a15-LPG, which spontaneously isomerizes with time to a mixture of 1- and 2-a15-LPG. Docking PG in the Geh active site provides a structural rationale for the positional specificity of Geh. These data demonstrate a physiological role for Geh phospholipase A1 activity in S. aureus membrane phospholipid turnover. IMPORTANCE Glycerol ester hydrolase, Geh, is an abundant secreted lipase whose expression is controlled by the accessory gene regulator (Agr) quorum-sensing signal transduction pathway. Geh is thought to have a role in virulence based on its ability to hydrolyze host lipids at the infection site to provide fatty acids for membrane biogenesis and substrates for oleate hydratase, and Geh inhibits immune cell activation by hydrolyzing lipoprotein glycerol esters. The discovery that Geh is the major contributor to the formation and release of a15-LPG reveals an unappreciated physiological role for Geh acting as a phospholipase A1 in the degradation of S. aureus membrane phosphatidylglycerol. The role(s) for extracellular a15-LPG in S. aureus biology remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Subramanian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Matthew W. Frank
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - My-Kyung Yun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Charles O. Rock
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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9
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Van der Verren SE, Zanetti G. The small GTPase Sar1, control centre of COPII trafficking. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:865-882. [PMID: 36737236 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sar1 is a small GTPase of the ARF family. Upon exchange of GDP for GTP, Sar1 associates with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and recruits COPII components, orchestrating cargo concentration and membrane deformation. Many aspects of the role of Sar1 and regulation of its GTP cycle remain unclear, especially as complexity increases in higher organisms that secrete a wider range of cargoes. This review focusses on the regulation of GTP hydrolysis and its role in coat assembly, as well as the mechanism of Sar1-induced membrane deformation and scission. Finally, we highlight the additional specialisation in higher eukaryotes and the outstanding questions on how Sar1 functions are orchestrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Zanetti
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College London, UK
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10
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Fanani ML, Ambroggio EE. Phospholipases and Membrane Curvature: What Is Happening at the Surface? MEMBRANES 2023; 13:190. [PMID: 36837693 PMCID: PMC9965983 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this revision work, we emphasize the close relationship between the action of phospholipases and the modulation of membrane curvature and curvature stress resulting from this activity. The alteration of the tridimensional structure of membranes upon the action of phospholipases is analyzed based on studies on model lipid membranes. The transient unbalance of both compositional and physical membrane properties between the hemilayers upon phospholipase activity lead to curvature tension and the catalysis of several membrane-related processes. Several proteins' membrane-bound and soluble forms are susceptible to regulation by the curvature stress induced by phospholipase action, which has important consequences in cell signaling. Additionally, the modulation of membrane fusion by phospholipase products regulates membrane dynamics in several cellular scenarios. We commented on vesicle fusion in the Golgi-endoplasmic system, synaptic vesicle fusion to the plasma membrane, viral membrane fusion to host cell plasma membrane and gametes membrane fusion upon acrosomal reaction. Furthermore, we explored the modulation of membrane fusion by the asymmetric adsorption of amphiphilic drugs. A deep understanding of the relevance of lipid membrane structure, particularly membrane curvature and curvature stress, on different cellular events leads to the challenge of its regulation, which may become a powerful tool for pharmacological therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Fanani
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), CONICET, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Ernesto Esteban Ambroggio
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), CONICET, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
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11
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Barrabi C, Zhang K, Liu M, Chen X. Pancreatic beta cell ER export in health and diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1155779. [PMID: 37152949 PMCID: PMC10160654 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1155779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the secretory pathway of the pancreatic beta cell, proinsulin and other secretory granule proteins are first produced in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Beta cell ER homeostasis is vital for normal beta cell functions and is maintained by the delicate balance between protein synthesis, folding, export and degradation. Disruption of ER homeostasis leads to beta cell death and diabetes. Among the four components to maintain ER homeostasis, the role of ER export in insulin biogenesis or beta cell survival was not well-understood. COPII (coat protein complex II) dependent transport is a conserved mechanism for most cargo proteins to exit ER and transport to Golgi apparatus. Emerging evidence began to reveal a critical role of COPII-dependent ER export in beta cells. In this review, we will first discuss the basic components of the COPII transport machinery, the regulation of cargo entry and COPII coat assembly in mammalian cells, and the general concept of receptor-mediated cargo sorting in COPII vesicles. On the basis of these general discussions, the current knowledge and recent developments specific to the beta cell COPII dependent ER export are summarized under normal and diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Barrabi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuequn Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Xuequn Chen,
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12
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Melero A, Boulanger J, Kukulski W, Miller EA. Ultrastructure of COPII vesicle formation in yeast characterized by correlative light and electron microscopy. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar122. [PMID: 36001360 PMCID: PMC9634970 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-03-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Traffic of proteins out of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is driven by the COPII coat, a layered protein scaffold that mediates the capture of cargo proteins and the remodeling of the ER membrane into spherical vesicular carriers. Although the components of this machinery have been genetically defined, and the mechanisms of coat assembly extensively explored in vitro, understanding the physical mechanisms of membrane remodeling in cells remains a challenge. Here we use correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) to visualize the nanoscale ultrastructure of membrane remodeling at ER exit sites (ERES) in yeast cells. Using various COPII mutants, we have determined the broad contribution that each layer of the coat makes to membrane remodeling. Our data suggest that inner coat components define the radius of curvature, whereas outer coat components facilitate membrane fission. The organization of the coat in conjunction with membrane biophysical properties determines the ultrastructure of vesicles and thus the efficiency of protein transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Melero
- Cell Biology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
- *Address correspondence to: Elizabeth A. Miller (); Alejandro Melero ()
| | - Jerome Boulanger
- Cell Biology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Wanda Kukulski
- Cell Biology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A. Miller
- Cell Biology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
- *Address correspondence to: Elizabeth A. Miller (); Alejandro Melero ()
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13
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Lu Z, Yao C, Tan B, Dong X, Yang Q, Liu H, Zhang S, Chi S. Effects of Lysophospholipid Supplementation in Feed with Low Protein or Lipid on Growth Performance, Lipid Metabolism, and Intestinal Flora of Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides). AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2022; 2022:4347466. [PMID: 36860448 PMCID: PMC9973218 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4347466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were fed diets with three experimental feeds, a control diet (Control, crude protein (CP): 54.52%, crude lipid (CL): 11.45%), a low-protein diet with lysophospholipid (LP-Ly, CP: 52.46%, CL: 11.36%), and a low-lipid diet with lysophospholipid (LL-Ly, CP: 54.43%, CL: 10.19%), respectively. The LP-Ly and LL-Ly groups represented the addition of 1 g/kg of lysophospholipids in the low-protein and low-lipid groups, respectively. After a 64-day feeding trial, the experimental results showed that the growth performance, hepatosomatic index, and viscerosomatic index of largemouth bass in both the LP-Ly and LL-Ly groups were not significantly different compared to those in the Control group (P > 0.05). The condition factor and CP content of whole fish were significantly higher in the LP-Ly group than those in the Control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the Control group, the serum total cholesterol level and alanine aminotransferase enzyme activity were significantly lower in both the LP-Ly group and the LL-Ly group (P < 0.05). The protease and lipase activities in the liver and intestine of both group LL-Ly and group LP-Ly were significantly higher than those of the Control group (P < 0.05). Compared to both the LL-Ly group and the LP-Ly group, significantly lower liver enzyme activities and gene expression of fatty acid synthase, hormone-sensitive lipase, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 were found in the Control group (P < 0.05). The addition of lysophospholipids increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Cetobacterium and Acinetobacter) and decreased the abundance of harmful bacteria (Mycoplasma) in the intestinal flora. In conclusion, the supplementation of lysophospholipids in low-protein or low-lipid diets had no negative effect on the growth performance of largemouth bass, but increased the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, enhanced the hepatic lipid metabolism, promoted the protein deposition, and regulated the structure and diversity of the intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziye Lu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunfeng Yao
- Guangdong Yuehai Feed Group Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qihui Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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14
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Bashkirov PV, Kuzmin PI, Vera Lillo J, Frolov VA. Molecular Shape Solution for Mesoscopic Remodeling of Cellular Membranes. Annu Rev Biophys 2022; 51:473-497. [PMID: 35239417 PMCID: PMC10787580 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-011422-100054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cellular membranes self-assemble from and interact with various molecular species. Each molecule locally shapes the lipid bilayer, the soft elastic core of cellular membranes. The dynamic architecture of intracellular membrane systems is based on elastic transformations and lateral redistribution of these elementary shapes, driven by chemical and curvature stress gradients. The minimization of the total elastic stress by such redistribution composes the most basic, primordial mechanism of membrane curvature-composition coupling (CCC). Although CCC is generally considered in the context of dynamic compositional heterogeneity of cellular membrane systems, in this article we discuss a broader involvement of CCC in controlling membrane deformations. We focus specifically on the mesoscale membrane transformations in open, reservoir-governed systems, such as membrane budding, tubulation, and the emergence of highly curved sites of membrane fusion and fission. We reveal that the reshuffling of molecular shapes constitutes an independent deformation mode with complex rheological properties.This mode controls effective elasticity of local deformations as well as stationary elastic stress, thus emerging as a major regulator of intracellular membrane remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel V Bashkirov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Molecular and Biological Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter I Kuzmin
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Javier Vera Lillo
- Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain;
| | - Vadim A Frolov
- Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain;
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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15
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Wattelet-Boyer V, Le Guédard M, Dittrich-Domergue F, Maneta-Peyret L, Kriechbaumer V, Boutté Y, Bessoule JJ, Moreau P. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases: a link with intracellular protein trafficking in Arabidopsis root cells? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:1327-1343. [PMID: 34982825 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases (LPAATs) might be critical for the secretory pathway. Four extra-plastidial LPAATs (LPAAT2, 3, 4, and 5) were identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. These AtLPAATs display a specific enzymatic activity converting lysophosphatidic acid to PA and are located in the endomembrane system. We investigate a putative role for AtLPAATs 3, 4, and 5 in the secretory pathway of root cells through genetical (knockout mutants), biochemical (activity inhibitor, lipid analyses), and imaging (live and immuno-confocal microscopy) approaches. Treating a lpaat4;lpaat5 double mutant with the LPAAT inhibitor CI976 produced a significant decrease in primary root growth. The trafficking of the auxin transporter PIN2 was disturbed in this lpaat4;lpaat5 double mutant treated with CI976, whereas trafficking of H+-ATPases was unaffected. The lpaat4;lpaat5 double mutant is sensitive to salt stress, and the trafficking of the aquaporin PIP2;7 to the plasma membrane in the lpaat4;lpaat5 double mutant treated with CI976 was reduced. We measured the amounts of neo-synthesized PA in roots, and found a decrease in PA only in the lpaat4;lpaat5 double mutant treated with CI976, suggesting that the protein trafficking impairment was due to a critical PA concentration threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Wattelet-Boyer
- CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Marina Le Guédard
- CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- LEB Aquitaine Transfert-ADERA, INRA Bordeaux Aquitaine, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Franziska Dittrich-Domergue
- CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Lilly Maneta-Peyret
- CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Verena Kriechbaumer
- Plant Cell Biology, Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Yohann Boutté
- CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Bessoule
- CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- LEB Aquitaine Transfert-ADERA, INRA Bordeaux Aquitaine, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Patrick Moreau
- CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Imaging Center, UMS 3420 CNRS, US004 INSERM, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
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16
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Genetic disorders of cellular trafficking. Trends Genet 2022; 38:724-751. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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A tango for coats and membranes: New insights into ER-to-Golgi traffic. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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18
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Abstract
Lipid and protein diversity provides structural and functional identity to the membrane compartments that define the eukaryotic cell. This compositional heterogeneity is maintained by the secretory pathway, which feeds newly synthesized proteins and lipids to the endomembrane systems. The precise sorting of lipids and proteins through the pathway guarantees the achievement of their correct delivery. Although proteins have been shown to be key for sorting mechanisms, whether and how lipids contribute to this process is still an open discussion. Our laboratory, in collaboration with other groups, has recently addressed the long-postulated role of membrane lipids in protein sorting in the secretory pathway, by investigating in yeast how a special class of lipid-linked cell surface proteins are differentially exported from the endoplasmic reticulum. Here we comment on this interdisciplinary study that highlights the role of lipid diversity and the importance of protein-lipid interactions in sorting processes at the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Muñiz
- Dept. Cell Biology, University of Seville, Seville, 41012 Spain;,
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19
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Chang X, Qiu K, Wang J, Zhang H, You S, Mi S, Qi G, Wu S. The Evaluation of UPro as a New Nutrient on High-Quality Egg Production From the Perspective of Egg Properties, Intestinal Histomorphology, and Oviduct Function of Laying Hens. Front Nutr 2021; 8:706067. [PMID: 34490324 PMCID: PMC8418077 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.706067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was to investigate the effects of UPro as a new nutritive fortifier on high-quality egg production from the perspective of egg properties, intestinal histomorphology, and oviduct function of laying hens. Four hundred thirty-two Hy-Line Brown laying hens aged 56 weeks were allocated to four groups. Layers were given a basal diet or supplemented with different levels of small peptides (0.2, 0.4, and 0.8%) to replace soybean meal. After 1-week adaptation period, the feeding trial was conducted for 12 weeks. The results showed that UPro addition significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the hardness, stickiness, and chewiness of albumen of layers on weeks 12. A linear elevation (P < 0.05) in the albumen height, Haugh unit (HU), and crude protein content of albumen of layers were noted on week 12 along with dietary UPro addition increasing, and the villus height (VH) and villus height-to-crypt depth radio (VCR) of jejunum also linearly increasing (P < 0.05). In addition, there were linear elevations (P < 0.05) in the relative mRNA expression of Sec23 homolog A (Sec23A) and protein-O-mannosyltransferase1 (POMT1) in layers as dietary UPro addition increased. In conclusion, dietary UPro addition could improve intestinal health, increase the absorption of nutrients, and improve egg quality of laying hens. The possible mechanism underlying UPro improving the quality and processing characteristics of albumen is up-regulating Sec23A and POMT1 expression of magnum. These findings will promote the application of UPro as a new nutritional additive in the production of high-quality eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chang
- Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Derived Factors to Animal Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Qiu
- Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Derived Factors to Animal Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Derived Factors to Animal Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Derived Factors to Animal Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shizhou You
- Changzhou Yayuan Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuichao Mi
- Changzhou Yayuan Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanghai Qi
- Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Derived Factors to Animal Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shugeng Wu
- Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Derived Factors to Animal Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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20
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The Protein Toxins Ricin and Shiga Toxin as Tools to Explore Cellular Mechanisms of Internalization and Intracellular Transport. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13060377. [PMID: 34070659 PMCID: PMC8227415 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13060377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein toxins secreted by bacteria and found in plants can be threats to human health. However, their extreme toxicity can also be exploited in different ways, e.g., to produce hybrid toxins directed against cancer cells and to study transport mechanisms in cells. Investigations during the last decades have shown how powerful these molecules are as tools in cell biological research. Here, we first present a partly historical overview, with emphasis on Shiga toxin and ricin, of how such toxins have been used to characterize processes and proteins of importance for their trafficking. In the second half of the article, we describe how one can now use toxins to investigate the role of lipid classes for intracellular transport. In recent years, it has become possible to quantify hundreds of lipid species using mass spectrometry analysis. Thus, it is also now possible to explore the importance of lipid species in intracellular transport. The detailed analyses of changes in lipids seen under conditions of inhibited toxin transport reveal previously unknown connections between syntheses of lipid classes and demonstrate the ability of cells to compensate under given conditions.
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Has
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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22
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Rodriguez-Gallardo S, Kurokawa K, Sabido-Bozo S, Cortes-Gomez A, Ikeda A, Zoni V, Aguilera-Romero A, Perez-Linero AM, Lopez S, Waga M, Araki M, Nakano M, Riezman H, Funato K, Vanni S, Nakano A, Muñiz M. Ceramide chain length-dependent protein sorting into selective endoplasmic reticulum exit sites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/50/eaba8237. [PMID: 33310842 PMCID: PMC7732199 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba8237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Protein sorting in the secretory pathway is crucial to maintain cellular compartmentalization and homeostasis. In addition to coat-mediated sorting, the role of lipids in driving protein sorting during secretory transport is a longstanding fundamental question that still remains unanswered. Here, we conduct 3D simultaneous multicolor high-resolution live imaging to demonstrate in vivo that newly synthesized glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins having a very long chain ceramide lipid moiety are clustered and sorted into specialized endoplasmic reticulum exit sites that are distinct from those used by transmembrane proteins. Furthermore, we show that the chain length of ceramide in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane is critical for this sorting selectivity. Our study provides the first direct in vivo evidence for lipid chain length-based protein cargo sorting into selective export sites of the secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Rodriguez-Gallardo
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville and Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Kazuo Kurokawa
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Susana Sabido-Bozo
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville and Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Alejandro Cortes-Gomez
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville and Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Atsuko Ikeda
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Valeria Zoni
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Auxiliadora Aguilera-Romero
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville and Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Maria Perez-Linero
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville and Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Sergio Lopez
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville and Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Miho Waga
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan
| | - Misako Araki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Miyako Nakano
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Howard Riezman
- NCCR Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kouichi Funato
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Stefano Vanni
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Akihiko Nakano
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan
| | - Manuel Muñiz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville and Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain.
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23
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Ikeda A, Schlarmann P, Kurokawa K, Nakano A, Riezman H, Funato K. Tricalbins Are Required for Non-vesicular Ceramide Transport at ER-Golgi Contacts and Modulate Lipid Droplet Biogenesis. iScience 2020; 23:101603. [PMID: 33205016 PMCID: PMC7648140 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid composition varies among organelles, and the distinct lipid composition is important for specific functions of each membrane. Lipid transport between organelles, which is critical for the maintenance of membrane lipid composition, occurs by either vesicular or non-vesicular mechanisms. In yeast, ceramide synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is transported to the Golgi apparatus where inositolphosphorylceramide (IPC) is formed. Here we show that a fraction of Tcb3p, a yeast tricalbin protein, localizes to ER-Golgi contact sites. Tcb3p and their homologs Tcb1p and Tcb2p are required for formation of ER-Golgi contacts and non-vesicular ceramide transport. Absence of Tcb1p, Tcb2p, and Tcb3p increases acylceramide synthesis and subsequent lipid droplet (LD) formation. As LD can sequester excess lipids, we propose that tricalbins act as regulators of ceramide transport at ER-Golgi contact sites to help reduce a potentially toxic accumulation of ceramides. Yeast tricalbin Tcb3p localizes at ER-Golgi contact sites Lack of tricalbins reduces ER-Golgi contacts Tricalbins regulate non-vesicular ceramide transport Tricalbin deletion causes both acylceramide and lipid droplet accumulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Ikeda
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-4-4, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Philipp Schlarmann
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-4-4, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kurokawa
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Akihiko Nakano
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Howard Riezman
- Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research in Chemical Biology and Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kouichi Funato
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-4-4, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-4-4, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
- Corresponding author
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24
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Brügger B. Membrane Biology: Disentangling Cellular Lipid Connections. Curr Biol 2020; 30:R1090-R1092. [PMID: 33022243 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biological membranes consist of a surprisingly high number of different lipid species. Little is known about how individual lipids cooperate in modulating cellular functions. A new study suggests an intricate interplay of sphingolipids with ether lipids in vesicular transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Brügger
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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25
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Jiménez-Rojo N, Leonetti MD, Zoni V, Colom A, Feng S, Iyengar NR, Matile S, Roux A, Vanni S, Weissman JS, Riezman H. Conserved Functions of Ether Lipids and Sphingolipids in the Early Secretory Pathway. Curr Biol 2020; 30:3775-3787.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Fabri JHTM, de Sá NP, Malavazi I, Del Poeta M. The dynamics and role of sphingolipids in eukaryotic organisms upon thermal adaptation. Prog Lipid Res 2020; 80:101063. [PMID: 32888959 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
All living beings have an optimal temperature for growth and survival. With the advancement of global warming, the search for understanding adaptive processes to climate changes has gained prominence. In this context, all living beings monitor the external temperature and develop adaptive responses to thermal variations. These responses ultimately change the functioning of the cell and affect the most diverse structures and processes. One of the first structures to detect thermal variations is the plasma membrane, whose constitution allows triggering of intracellular signals that assist in the response to temperature stress. Although studies on this topic have been conducted, the underlying mechanisms of recognizing thermal changes and modifying cellular functioning to adapt to this condition are not fully understood. Recently, many reports have indicated the participation of sphingolipids (SLs), major components of the plasma membrane, in the regulation of the thermal stress response. SLs can structurally reinforce the membrane or/and send signals intracellularly to control numerous cellular processes, such as apoptosis, cytoskeleton polarization, cell cycle arresting and fungal virulence. In this review, we discuss how SLs synthesis changes during both heat and cold stresses, focusing on fungi, plants, animals and human cells. The role of lysophospholipids is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Henrique Tadini Marilhano Fabri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Nivea Pereira de Sá
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Iran Malavazi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurizio Del Poeta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Northport, New York, USA.
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27
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The roles of the diversity of amphipathic lipids in shaping membranes by membrane-shaping proteins. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:837-851. [PMID: 32597479 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lipid compositions of cells differ according to cell types and intracellular organelles. Phospholipids are major cell membrane lipids and have hydrophilic head groups and hydrophobic fatty acid tails. The cellular lipid membrane without any protein adapts to spherical shapes, and protein binding to the membrane is thought to be required for shaping the membrane for various cellular events. Until recently, modulation of cellular lipid membranes was initially shown to be mediated by proteins recognizing lipid head groups, including the negatively charged ones of phosphatidylserine and phosphoinositides. Recent studies have shown that the abilities of membrane-deforming proteins are also regulated by the composition of fatty acid tails, which cause different degrees of packing defects. The binding of proteins to cellular lipid membranes is affected by the packing defects, presumably through modulation of their interactions with hydrophobic amino acid residues. Therefore, lipid composition can be characterized by both packing defects and charge density. The lipid composition regarding fatty acid tails affects membrane bending via the proteins with amphipathic helices, including those with the ArfGAP1 lipid packing sensor (ALPS) motif and via membrane-deforming proteins with structural folding, including those with the Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs167 (BAR) domains. This review focuses on how the fatty acid tails, in combination with the head groups of phospholipids, affect protein-mediated membrane deformation.
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28
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Raote I, Ernst AM, Campelo F, Rothman JE, Pincet F, Malhotra V. TANGO1 membrane helices create a lipid diffusion barrier at curved membranes. eLife 2020; 9:57822. [PMID: 32452385 PMCID: PMC7266638 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown TANGO1 organises membranes at the interface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and ERGIC/Golgi (Raote et al., 2018). TANGO1 corrals retrograde membranes at ER exit sites to create an export conduit. Here the retrograde membrane is, in itself, an anterograde carrier. This mode of forward transport necessitates a mechanism to prevent membrane mixing between ER and the retrograde membrane. TANGO1 has an unusual membrane helix organisation, composed of one membrane-spanning helix (TM) and another that penetrates the inner leaflet (IM). We have reconstituted these membrane helices in model membranes and shown that TM and IM together reduce the flow of lipids at a region of defined shape. We have also shown that the helices align TANGO1 around an ER exit site. We suggest this is a mechanism to prevent membrane mixing during TANGO1-mediated transfer of bulky secretory cargos from the ER to the ERGIC/Golgi via a tunnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishier Raote
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreas M Ernst
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Felix Campelo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Spain
| | - James E Rothman
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Frederic Pincet
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.,Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole normale supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Vivek Malhotra
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Parigoris E, Dunkelmann DL, Murphy A, Wili N, Kaech A, Dumrese C, Jimenez-Rojo N, Silvan U. Facile generation of giant unilamellar vesicles using polyacrylamide gels. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4824. [PMID: 32179778 PMCID: PMC7075891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) are model cell-sized systems that have broad applications including drug delivery, analysis of membrane biophysics, and synthetic reconstitution of cellular machineries. Although numerous methods for the generation of free-floating GUVs have been established over the past few decades, only a fraction have successfully produced uniform vesicle populations both from charged lipids and in buffers of physiological ionic strength. In the method described here, we generate large numbers of free-floating GUVs through the rehydration of lipid films deposited on soft polyacrylamide (PAA) gels. We show that this technique produces high GUV concentrations for a range of lipid types, including charged ones, independently of the ionic strength of the buffer used. We demonstrate that the gentle hydration of PAA gels results in predominantly unilamellar vesicles, which is in contrast to comparable methods analyzed in this work. Unilamellarity is a defining feature of GUVs and the generation of uniform populations is key for many downstream applications. The PAA method is widely applicable and can be easily implemented with commonly utilized laboratory reagents, making it an appealing platform for the study of membrane biophysics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Parigoris
- University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
| | | | - Allan Murphy
- University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nino Wili
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andres Kaech
- Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Dumrese
- Flow Cytometry Facility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Noemi Jimenez-Rojo
- NCCR Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Unai Silvan
- University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland. .,Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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30
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Zhukovsky MA, Filograna A, Luini A, Corda D, Valente C. Protein Amphipathic Helix Insertion: A Mechanism to Induce Membrane Fission. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:291. [PMID: 31921835 PMCID: PMC6914677 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the fundamental features of biomembranes is the ability to fuse or to separate. These processes called respectively membrane fusion and fission are central in the homeostasis of events such as those related to intracellular membrane traffic. Proteins that contain amphipathic helices (AHs) were suggested to mediate membrane fission via shallow insertion of these helices into the lipid bilayer. Here we analyze the AH-containing proteins that have been identified as essential for membrane fission and categorize them in few subfamilies, including small GTPases, Atg proteins, and proteins containing either the ENTH/ANTH- or the BAR-domain. AH-containing fission-inducing proteins may require cofactors such as additional proteins (e.g., lipid-modifying enzymes), or lipids (e.g., phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2], phosphatidic acid [PA], or cardiolipin). Both PA and cardiolipin possess a cone shape and a negative charge (-2) that favor the recruitment of the AHs of fission-inducing proteins. Instead, PtdIns(4,5)P2 is characterized by an high negative charge able to recruit basic residues of the AHs of fission-inducing proteins. Here we propose that the AHs of fission-inducing proteins contain sequence motifs that bind lipid cofactors; accordingly (K/R/H)(K/R/H)xx(K/R/H) is a PtdIns(4,5)P2-binding motif, (K/R)x6(F/Y) is a cardiolipin-binding motif, whereas KxK is a PA-binding motif. Following our analysis, we show that the AHs of many fission-inducing proteins possess five properties: (a) at least three basic residues on the hydrophilic side, (b) ability to oligomerize, (c) optimal (shallow) depth of insertion into the membrane, (d) positive cooperativity in membrane curvature generation, and (e) specific interaction with one of the lipids mentioned above. These lipid cofactors favor correct conformation, oligomeric state and optimal insertion depth. The most abundant lipid in a given organelle possessing high negative charge (more negative than -1) is usually the lipid cofactor in the fission event. Interestingly, naturally occurring mutations have been reported in AH-containing fission-inducing proteins and related to diseases such as centronuclear myopathy (amphiphysin 2), Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (GDAP1), Parkinson's disease (α-synuclein). These findings add to the interest of the membrane fission process whose complete understanding will be instrumental for the elucidation of the pathogenesis of diseases involving mutations in the protein AHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail A. Zhukovsky
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniela Corda
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Valente
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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31
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Piontek MC, Lira RB, Roos WH. Active probing of the mechanical properties of biological and synthetic vesicles. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1865:129486. [PMID: 31734458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.129486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interest in mechanics of synthetic and biological vesicles has been continuously growing during the last decades. Liposomes serve as model systems for investigating fundamental membrane processes and properties. More recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been investigated mechanically as well. EVs are widely studied in fundamental and applied sciences, but their material properties remained elusive until recently. Elucidating the mechanical properties of vesicles is essential to unveil the mechanisms behind a variety of biological processes, e.g. budding, vesiculation and cellular uptake mechanisms. SCOPE OF REVIEW The importance of mechanobiology for studies of vesicles and membranes is discussed, as well as the different available techniques to probe their mechanical properties. In particular, the mechanics of vesicles and membranes as obtained by nanoindentation, micropipette aspiration, optical tweezers, electrodeformation and electroporation experiments is addressed. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS EVs and liposomes possess an astonishing rich, diverse behavior. To better understand their properties, and for optimization of their applications in nanotechnology, an improved understanding of their mechanical properties is needed. Depending on the size of the vesicles and the specific scientific question, different techniques can be chosen for their mechanical characterization. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the mechanical properties of vesicles is necessary to gain deeper insight in the fundamental biological mechanisms involved in vesicle generation and cellular uptake. This furthermore facilitates technological applications such as using vesicles as targeted drug delivery vehicles. Liposome studies provide insight into fundamental membrane processes and properties, whereas the role and functioning of EVs in biology and medicine are increasingly elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa C Piontek
- Moleculaire Biofysica, Zernike Instituut, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Rafael B Lira
- Moleculaire Biofysica, Zernike Instituut, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Wouter H Roos
- Moleculaire Biofysica, Zernike Instituut, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.
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32
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Abstract
Formation of a transport vesicle in membrane trafficking pathways requires deformation of the membrane to form a highly curved structure. A recent study reveals a crucial function for the conical lipid lysophosphatidylinositol in reducing the bending rigidity of the membrane during COPII vesicle budding in the early secretory pathway.
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33
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Identification of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for SAR1 in the filamentous fungal model Aspergillus nidulans. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:118551. [PMID: 31487505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In spite of its basic and applied interest, the regulation of ER exit by filamentous fungi is insufficiently understood. In previous work we isolated a panel of conditional mutations in sarA encoding the master GTPase SarASAR1 in A. nidulans and demonstrated its key role in exocytosis and hyphal morphogenesis. However, the SAR1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), Sec12, has not been characterized in any filamentous fungus, largely due to the fact that SEC12 homologues share little amino acid sequence identity beyond a GGGGxxxxGϕxN motif involved in guanine nucleotide exchange. Here we demonstrate that AN11127 encodes A. nidulans Sec12, which is an essential protein that localizes to the ER and that, when overexpressed, rescues the growth defect resulting from a hypomorphic sarA6ts mutation at 37 °C. Using purified, bacterially expressed proteins we demonstrate that the product of AN11127 accelerates nucleotide exchange on SarASAR1, but not on its closely related GTPase ArfAARF1, as expected for a bona fide GEF. The unequivocal characterization of A. nidulans Sec12 paves the way for the tailored modification of ER exit in a model organism that is closely related to industrial species of filamentous fungi.
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34
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Engineering the early secretory pathway for increased protein secretion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Metab Eng 2019; 55:142-151. [PMID: 31220665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a valuable host for the production of heterologous proteins with a wide array of applications, ranging from cellulose saccharification enzymes to biopharmaceuticals. Efficient protein secretion may be critical for economic viability; however previous efforts have shown limited improvements that are often protein-specific. By enhancing transit through the early secretory pathway, we have successfully improved extracellular levels of three different proteins from variety of origins: a bacterial endoglucanase (CelA), a fungal β-glucosidase (BglI) and a single-chain antibody fragment (4-4-20 scFv). Efficient co-translational translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was achieved via secretion peptide engineering and the novel use of a 3'-untranslated region, improving extracellular activity or fluorescence 2.2-5.4-fold. We further optimized the pathway using a variety of new strategies including: i) increasing secretory pathway capacity by expanding the ER, ii) limiting ER-associated degradation, and iii) enhancing exit from the ER. By addressing these additional ER processing steps, extracellular activity/fluorescence increased by 3.5-7.1-fold for the three diverse proteins. The optimal combination of pathway interventions varied, and the highest overall increases ranged from 5.8 to 11-fold. These successful strategies should prove effective for improving the secretion of a wide range of heterologous proteins.
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35
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Balla T, Sengupta N, Kim YJ. Lipid synthesis and transport are coupled to regulate membrane lipid dynamics in the endoplasmic reticulum. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1865:158461. [PMID: 31108203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Structural lipids are mostly synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), from which they are actively transported to the membranes of other organelles. Lipids can leave the ER through vesicular trafficking or non-vesicular lipid transfer and, curiously, both processes can be regulated either by the transported lipid cargos themselves or by different secondary lipid species. For most structural lipids, transport out of the ER membrane is a key regulatory component controlling their synthesis. Distribution of the lipids between the two leaflets of the ER bilayer or between the ER and other membranes is also critical for maintaining the unique membrane properties of each cellular organelle. How cells integrate these processes within the ER depends on fine spatial segregation of the molecular components and intricate metabolic channeling, both of which we are only beginning to understand. This review will summarize some of these complex processes and attempt to identify the organizing principles that start to emerge. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Endoplasmic reticulum platforms for lipid dynamics edited by Shamshad Cockcroft and Christopher Stefan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Balla
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Nivedita Sengupta
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yeun Ju Kim
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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36
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Funato K, Riezman H, Muñiz M. Vesicular and non-vesicular lipid export from the ER to the secretory pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1865:158453. [PMID: 31054928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum is the site of synthesis of most glycerophospholipids, neutral lipids and the initial steps of sphingolipid biosynthesis of the secretory pathway. After synthesis, these lipids are distributed within the cells to create and maintain the specific compositions of the other secretory organelles. This represents a formidable challenge, particularly while there is a simultaneous and quantitatively important flux of membrane components stemming from the vesicular traffic of proteins through the pathway, which can also vary depending on the cell type and status. To meet this challenge cells have developed an intricate system of interorganellar contacts and lipid transport proteins, functioning in non-vesicular lipid transport, which are able to ensure membrane lipid homeostasis even in the absence of membrane trafficking. Nevertheless, under normal conditions, lipids are transported in cells by both vesicular and non-vesicular mechanisms. In this review we will discuss the mechanism and roles of vesicular and non-vesicular transport of lipids from the ER to other organelles of the secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouichi Funato
- Department of Bioresource Science and Technology, Hiroshima University, Japan.
| | - Howard Riezman
- NCCR Chemical Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Sciences II, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Manuel Muñiz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
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37
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Wang Y, Mousley CJ, Lete MG, Bankaitis VA. An equal opportunity collaboration between lipid metabolism and proteins in the control of membrane trafficking in the trans-Golgi and endosomal systems. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2019; 59:58-72. [PMID: 31039522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the evolution of the cell biology of lipids into an extremely active area of investigation. Deciphering the involvement of lipid metabolism and lipid signaling in membrane trafficking pathways defines a major nexus of contemporary experimental activity on this front. Significant effort in that direction is invested in understanding the trans-Golgi network/endosomal system where unambiguous connections between membrane trafficking and inositol lipid and phosphatidylcholine metabolism were first discovered. However, powered by new advances in contemporary cell biology, the march of science is rapidly expanding that window of inquiry to include ever more diverse arms of the lipid metabolome, and to include other compartments of the secretory pathway as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA
| | - Carl J Mousley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute (CHIRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Marta G Lete
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843-1114, USA
| | - Vytas A Bankaitis
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843-1114, USA.
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Aridor M. COPII gets in shape: Lessons derived from morphological aspects of early secretion. Traffic 2018; 19:823-839. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meir Aridor
- Department of Cell Biology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
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