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Wang Y, Fan H, Zou Y, Song W, Li L, Xie J, Chen S. Expression of early growth responsive gene-1 in the lateral geniculate body of kittens with amblyopia caused by monocular form deprivation. Eur J Ophthalmol 2024; 34:408-418. [PMID: 37437134 DOI: 10.1177/11206721231187926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The expression of early growth responsive gene-1 (Egr-1) in the lateral geniculate body in the normal kittens and those affected with amblyopia caused by monocular visual deprivation was compared to explore the potential significance of Egr-1 in the pathogenesis of amblyopia. METHODS A total of 30 healthy kittens were equally and randomly divided into the control (n = 15) and the deprivation group (n = 15). The kittens were raised in natural light and the right eyes of the deprived kittens were covered with a black opaque covering. Pattern visual evoked potential (PVEP) was measured before and 1, 3, and 5 weeks after covering. Five kittens from each group were randomly selected and euthanized with 2% sodium pentobarbital (100 mg/kg) during the 1st, 3rd and 5th week after covering. The expression of Egr-1 in the lateral geniculate body in the two groups was compared by performing immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. RESULTS After three weeks of covering, PVEP detection indicated that the P100 wave latency in the deprivation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), whereas the amplitude decreased markedly (P < 0.05). The number of the positive cells (P < 0.05) and mean optical density (P < 0.05) of Egr-1 protein expression in the lateral geniculate body of the deprivation group were found to be substantially lower in comparison to the normal group, as well as the number (P < 0.05) and mean optical density of Egr-1 mRNA-positive cells (P < 0.05). However, with increase of age, positive expression of Egr-1 in the control group showed an upward trend (P < 0.05), but this trend was not noted in the deprivation group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Monocular form deprivation can lead to substantially decreased expressions of Egr-1 protein and mRNA in the lateral geniculate body, which in turn can affect the normal expression of neuronal functions in the lateral geniculate body, thereby promoting the occurrence and development of amblyopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Optometry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Haobo Fan
- Department of Optometry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Optometry and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunchun Zou
- Department of Optometry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College (Nanchong Central Hospital), Nanchong, China
| | - Weiqi Song
- Department of Optometry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lan Li
- Langzhong People's Hospital, Langzhong, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Xie
- Department of Optometry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Optometry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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Nguyen BN, Srinivasan R, McKendrick AM. Short-term homeostatic visual neuroplasticity in adolescents after two hours of monocular deprivation. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023; 14:419-427. [PMID: 37388492 PMCID: PMC10300437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In healthy adults with normal vision, temporary deprivation of one eye's visual experience produces transient yet robust homeostatic plasticity effects, where the deprived eye becomes more dominant. This shift in ocular dominance is short-lived and compensatory. Previous work shows that monocular deprivation decreases resting state gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA; inhibitory neurotransmitter) levels in visual cortex, and that those with the greatest reduction in GABA have stronger shifts due to monocular deprivation. Components of the GABAergic system in visual cortex vary with age (early childhood, early teen years, ageing); hence if GABA is critical to homeostatic plasticity within the visual system, adolescence may be a key developmental period where differences in plasticity manifest. Here we measured short-term visual deprivation effects on binocular rivalry in 24 adolescents (aged 10-15 years) and 23 young adults (aged 20-25 years). Despite differences in baseline features of binocular rivalry (adolescents showed more mixed percept p < 0.001 and a tendency for faster switching p = 0.06 compared to adults), deprived eye dominance increased (p = 0.01) similarly for adolescents and adults after two hours of patching. Other aspects of binocular rivalry - time to first switch (heralding the onset of rivalry) and mixed percept - were unaltered by patching. These findings suggest that binocular rivalry after patching can be used as a behavioral proxy for experience-dependent visual cortical plasticity in adolescents in the same way as adults, and that homeostatic plasticity to compensate for temporarily reduced visual input is established and effective by adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao N. Nguyen
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rekha Srinivasan
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allison M. McKendrick
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Optometry, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Wang M, Ding J, Levi DM, Cooper EA. The effect of spatial structure on binocular contrast perception. J Vis 2022; 22:7. [PMID: 36326743 PMCID: PMC9645364 DOI: 10.1167/jov.22.12.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To obtain a single percept of the world, the visual system must combine inputs from the two eyes. Understanding the principles that govern this binocular combination process has important real-world clinical and technological applications. However, most research examining binocular combination has relied on relatively simple visual stimuli and it is unclear how well the findings apply to real-world scenarios. For example, it is well-known that, when the two eyes view sine wave gratings with differing contrast (dichoptic stimuli), the binocular percept often matches the higher contrast grating. Does this winner-take-all property of binocular contrast combination apply to more naturalistic imagery, which include broadband structure and spatially varying contrast? To better understand binocular combination during naturalistic viewing, we conducted psychophysical experiments characterizing binocular contrast perception for a range of visual stimuli. In two experiments, we measured the binocular contrast perception of dichoptic sine wave gratings and naturalistic stimuli, and asked how the contrast of the surrounding context affected percepts. Binocular contrast percepts were close to winner-take-all across many of the stimuli when the surrounding context was the average contrast of the two eyes. However, we found that changing the surrounding context modulated the binocular percept of some patterns and not others. We show evidence that this contextual effect may be due to the spatial orientation structure of the stimuli. These findings provide a step toward understanding binocular combination in the natural world and highlight the importance of considering the effect of the spatial interactions in complex stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqi Wang
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Jian Ding
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Dennis M. Levi
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Emily A. Cooper
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Chen Y, Mao Y, Zhou J, He Z, Hess RF. The shift in sensory eye dominance from short-term monocular deprivation exhibits no dependence on test spatial frequency. EYE AND VISION 2022; 9:32. [PMID: 36045414 PMCID: PMC9434876 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-022-00303-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Studies have shown that short-term monocular deprivation induces a shift in sensory eye dominance in favor of the deprived eye. Yet, how short-term monocular deprivation modulates sensory eye dominance across spatial frequency is not clear. To address this issue, we conducted a study to investigate the dependence of short-term monocular deprivation effect on test spatial frequency. Methods Ten healthy young adults (age: 24.7 ± 1.7 years, four males) with normal vision participated. We deprived their dominant eye with a translucent patch for 2.5 h. The interocular contrast ratio (dominant eye/non-dominant eye, i.e., the balance point [BP]), which indicates the contribution that the two eyes make to binocular combination, was measured using a binocular orientation combination task. We assessed if BPs at 0.5, 4 or 6 cycles/degree (c/d) change as a result of monocular deprivation. Different test spatial frequency conditions were conducted on three separate days in a random fashion. Results We compared the BPs at 0.5, 4 and 6 c/d before and after monocular deprivation. The BPs were found to be significantly affected by deprivation, where sensory eye dominance shift to the deprived eye (F1.86, 16.76 = 33.09, P < 0.001). The changes of BP were consistent at 0.5, 4, and 6 c/d spatial frequencies (F2,18 = 0.15, P = 0.57). Conclusion The sensory eye dominance plasticity induced by short-term deprivation is not dependent on test spatial frequency, suggesting it could provide a practical solution for amblyopic therapy that was concerned with the binocular outcome. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40662-022-00303-4.
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Chen X, Liao M, Jiang P, Sun H, Liu L, Gong Q. Abnormal effective connectivity in visual cortices underlies stereopsis defects in amblyopia. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 34:103005. [PMID: 35421811 PMCID: PMC9011166 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal effective connectivity inherent stereopsis defects in amblyopia was studied. A weakened connection from V2v to LO2 relates to stereopsis defects in amblyopia. Higher-order visual cortices may serve as key nodes to the stereopsis defects. An independent longitudinal dataset was used to validate the obtained results.
The neural basis underlying stereopsis defects in patients with amblyopia remains unclear, which hinders the development of clinical therapy. This study aimed to investigate visual network abnormalities in patients with amblyopia and their associations with stereopsis function. Spectral dynamic causal modeling methods were employed for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data to investigate the effective connectivity (EC) among 14 predefined regions of interest in the dorsal and ventral visual pathways. We adopted two independent datasets, including a cross-sectional and a longitudinal dataset. In the cross-sectional dataset, we compared group differences in EC between 31 patients with amblyopia (mean age: 26.39 years old) and 31 healthy controls (mean age: 25.71 years old) and investigated the association between EC and stereoacuity. In addition, we explored EC changes after perceptual learning in a novel longitudinal dataset including 9 patients with amblyopia (mean age: 15.78 years old). We found consistent evidence from the two datasets indicating that the aberrant EC from V2v to LO2 is crucial for the stereoscopic deficits in the patients with amblyopia: it was weaker in the patients than in the controls, showed a positive linear relationship with the stereoscopic function, and increased after perceptual learning in the patients. In addition, higher-level dorsal (V3d, V3A, and V3B) and ventral areas (LO1 and LO2) were important nodes in the network of abnormal ECs associated with stereoscopic deficits in the patients with amblyopia. Our research provides insights into the neural mechanism underlying stereopsis deficits in patients with amblyopia and provides candidate targets for focused stimulus interventions to enhance the efficacy of clinical treatment for the improvement of stereopsis deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Liao
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
| | - Huaiqiang Sun
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Imaging Research Core Facilities, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
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Kurzawski JW, Lunghi C, Biagi L, Tosetti M, Morrone MC, Binda P. Short-term plasticity in the human visual thalamus. eLife 2022; 11:74565. [PMID: 35384840 PMCID: PMC9020816 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While there is evidence that the visual cortex retains a potential for plasticity in adulthood, less is known about the subcortical stages of visual processing. Here we asked whether short-term ocular dominance plasticity affects the human visual thalamus. We addressed this question in normally sighted adult humans, using ultra-high field (7T) magnetic resonance imaging combined with the paradigm of short-term monocular deprivation. With this approach, we previously demonstrated transient shifts of perceptual eye dominance and ocular dominance in visual cortex (Binda et al., 2018). Here we report evidence for short-term plasticity in the ventral division of the pulvinar (vPulv), where the deprived eye representation was enhanced over the non-deprived eye. This ventral-pulvinar plasticity was similar as previously seen in visual cortex and it was correlated with the ocular dominance shift measured behaviorally. In contrast, there was no effect of monocular deprivation in two adjacent thalamic regions: dorsal pulvinar (dPulv), and Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN). We conclude that the visual thalamus retains potential for short-term plasticity in adulthood; the plasticity effect differs across thalamic subregions, possibly reflecting differences in their cortico-fugal connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Lunghi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Concetta Morrone
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Binda
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Song F, Lyu L, Zhao J, Bao M. The role of eye-specific attention in ocular dominance plasticity. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:983-996. [PMID: 35332915 PMCID: PMC9930618 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known how selective attention biases information processing in real time, but few work investigates the aftereffects of prolonged attention, let alone the underlying neural mechanisms. To examine perceptual aftereffect after prolonged attention to a monocular pathway, movie images played normally were presented to normal adult's one eye (attended eye), while movie images of the same episode but played backwards were presented to the opposite eye (unattended eye). One hour of watching this dichoptic movie caused a shift of perceptual ocular dominance towards the unattended eye. Interestingly, the aftereffect positively correlated with the advantage of neural activity for the attended-eye over unattended-eye signals at the frontal electrodes measured with steady-state visual evoked potentials. Moreover, the aftereffect disappeared when interocular competition was minimized during adaptation. These results suggest that top-down eye-specific attention can induce ocular dominance plasticity through binocular rivalry mechanisms. The present study opens the route to explain at least part of short-term ocular dominance plasticity with the ocular-opponency-neuron model, which may be an interesting complement to the homeostatic compensation theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxing Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lili Lyu
- Corresponding authors: Lili Lyu, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China. ; Min Bao, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jiaxu Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Bao
- Corresponding authors: Lili Lyu, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China. ; Min Bao, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
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Chen J, Jin H, Zhong YL, Huang X. Abnormal Low-Frequency Oscillations Reflect Abnormal Eye Movement and Stereovision in Patients With Comitant Exotropia. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:754234. [PMID: 34690728 PMCID: PMC8531266 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.754234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with comitant exotropia (CE) are accompanied by abnormal eye movements and stereovision. However, the neurophysiological mechanism of impaired eye movements and stereovision in patient with CE is still unclear. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate spontaneous neural activity changes in patients with CE using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method and the machine learning method. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 patients with CE and 21 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state magnetic resonance imaging scans. The ALFF and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) values were chosen as classification features using a machine learning method. Results: Compared with the HC group, patients with CE had significantly decreased ALFF values in the right angular (ANG)/middle occipital gyrus (MOG)/middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA)/precentral gyrus (PreCG). Meanwhile, patients with CE showed significantly increased fALFF values in the left putamen (PUT) and decreased fALFF values in the right ANG/MOG. Moreover, patients with CE showed a decreased functional connectivity (FC) between the right ANG/MOG/MTG and the bilateral calcarine (CAL)/lingual (LING) and increased FC between the left PUT and the bilateral cerebellum 8/9 (CER 8/9). The support vector machine (SVM) classification reaches a total accuracy of 93 and 90% and the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.93 and 0.90 based on ALFF and fALFF values, respectively. Conclusion: Our result highlights that patients with CE had abnormal brain neural activities including MOG and supplementary motor area/PreCG, which might reflect the neural mechanism of eye movements and stereovision dysfunction in patients with CE. Moreover, ALFF and fALFF could be sensitive biomarkers for distinguishing patients with CE from HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Han Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu-Lin Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Hatzipanayioti A, Bodenstedt S, von Bechtolsheim F, Funke I, Oehme F, Distler M, Weitz J, Speidel S, Li SC. Associations Between Binocular Depth Perception and Performance Gains in Laparoscopic Skill Acquisition. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:675700. [PMID: 34675789 PMCID: PMC8524002 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.675700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to perceive differences in depth is important in many daily life situations. It is also of relevance in laparoscopic surgical procedures that require the extrapolation of three-dimensional visual information from two-dimensional planar images. Besides visual-motor coordination, laparoscopic skills and binocular depth perception are demanding visual tasks for which learning is important. This study explored potential relations between binocular depth perception and individual variations in performance gains during laparoscopic skill acquisition in medical students naïve of such procedures. Individual differences in perceptual learning of binocular depth discrimination when performing a random dot stereogram (RDS) task were measured as variations in the slope changes of the logistic disparity psychometric curves from the first to the last blocks of the experiment. The results showed that not only did the individuals differ in their depth discrimination; the extent with which this performance changed across blocks also differed substantially between individuals. Of note, individual differences in perceptual learning of depth discrimination are associated with performance gains from laparoscopic skill training, both with respect to movement speed and an efficiency score that considered both speed and precision. These results indicate that learning-related benefits for enhancing demanding visual processes are, in part, shared between these two tasks. Future studies that include a broader selection of task-varying monocular and binocular cues as well as visual-motor coordination are needed to further investigate potential mechanistic relations between depth perceptual learning and laparoscopic skill acquisition. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms would be important for applied research that aims at designing behavioral interventions for enhancing technology-assisted laparoscopic skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adamantini Hatzipanayioti
- Centre for Tactile Internet With Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bodenstedt
- Centre for Tactile Internet With Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Division of Translational Surgical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix von Bechtolsheim
- Centre for Tactile Internet With Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Isabel Funke
- Centre for Tactile Internet With Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Division of Translational Surgical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Florian Oehme
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marius Distler
- Centre for Tactile Internet With Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- Centre for Tactile Internet With Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefanie Speidel
- Centre for Tactile Internet With Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Division of Translational Surgical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Shu-Chen Li
- Centre for Tactile Internet With Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Senna I, Cuturi LF, Gori M, Ernst MO, Cappagli G. Editorial: Spatial and Temporal Perception in Sensory Deprivation. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:671836. [PMID: 33859550 PMCID: PMC8042209 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.671836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Senna
- Department of Applied Cognitive Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Monica Gori
- Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Genoa, Italy
| | - Marc O Ernst
- Department of Applied Cognitive Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Giulia Cappagli
- Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Genoa, Italy.,Neurological Institute Foundation Casimiro Mondino (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Pavia, Italy
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11
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Brief localised monocular deprivation in adults alters binocular rivalry predominance retinotopically and reduces spatial inhibition. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18739. [PMID: 33127963 PMCID: PMC7603489 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75252-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-term deprivation (2.5 h) of an eye has been shown to boost its relative ocular dominance in young adults. Here, we show that a much shorter deprivation period (3–6 min) produces a similar paradoxical boost that is retinotopic and reduces spatial inhibition on neighbouring, non-deprived areas. Partial deprivation was conducted in the left hemifield, central vision or in an annular region, later assessed with a binocular rivalry tracking procedure. Post-deprivation, dominance of the deprived eye increased when rivalling images were within the deprived retinotopic region, but not within neighbouring, non-deprived areas where dominance was dependent on the correspondence between the orientation content of the stimuli presented in the deprived and that of the stimuli presented in non-deprived areas. Together, these results accord with other deprivation studies showing V1 activity changes and reduced GABAergic inhibition.
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12
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Abuleil D, McCulloch DL, Patterson H, Thompson B. Modulation of binocular rivalry with rapid monocular visual stimulation. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:1008-1018. [PMID: 32935421 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rapid visual stimulation can increase synaptic efficacy by repeated synaptic activation. This long-term potentiation-like (LTP-like) effect can induce increased excitability in the human visual cortex. To examine the effect of rapid visual stimulation on perception, we tested the hypothesis that rapid monocular visual stimulation would increase the dominance of the stimulated eye in a binocular rivalry task. Participants (n = 25) viewed orthogonal 0.5 cpd gratings presented in a dichoptic anaglyph to induce binocular rivalry. Rivalry dynamics (alternation rate, dominance, and piecemeal durations) were recorded before and after 2 min of rapid monocular stimulation (9 Hz flicker of one grating) or a binocular control condition (9 Hz alternation of the orthogonal gratings viewed binocularly). Rapid monocular stimulation did not affect alternation rates or piecemeal percept duration. Unexpectedly, the rivalry dominance of the stimulated eye was significantly reduced. A further experiment revealed that this effect could not be explained by monocular adaptation. Together, the results suggest that rapid monocular stimulation boosts dominance in the non-stimulated eye, possibly by activating homeostatic interocular gain control mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Abuleil
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Daphne L McCulloch
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Heidi Patterson
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin Thompson
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Cholinergic Modulation of Binocular Vision. J Neurosci 2020; 40:5208-5213. [PMID: 32457075 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2484-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The endogenous neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) is known to affect the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance of primate visual cortex, enhancing feedforward thalamocortical gain while suppressing corticocortical synapses. Recent advances in the study of the human visual system suggest that ACh is a likely component underlying interocular interactions. However, our understanding of its precise role in binocular processes is currently lacking. Here we use binocular rivalry as a probe of interocular dynamics to determine ACh's effects, via the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) donepezil, on the binocular visual system. A total of 23 subjects (13 male) completed two crossover experimental sessions where binocular rivalry measurements were obtained before and after taking either donepezil (5 mg) or a placebo (lactose) pill. We report that enhanced cholinergic potentiation attenuates perceptual suppression during binocular rivalry, reducing the overall rate of interocular competition while enhancing the visibility of superimposition mixed percepts. Considering recent evidence that perceptual suppression during binocular rivalry is causally modulated by the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, our results suggest that cholinergic activity counteracts the effect of GABA with regards to interocular dynamics and may modulate the inhibitory drive within the visual cortex.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Our research demonstrates that the cholinergic system is implicated in modulating binocular interactions in the human visual cortex. Potentiating the transmission of acetylcholine (ACh) via the cholinergic drug donepezil reduces the extent to which the eyes compete for perceptual dominance when presented two separate, incongruent images.
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Action Video Gaming Does Not Influence Short-Term Ocular Dominance Plasticity in Visually Normal Adults. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0006-20.2020. [PMID: 32345735 PMCID: PMC7242818 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0006-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Action video gaming can promote neural plasticity. Short-term monocular patching drives neural plasticity in the visual system of human adults. For instance, short-term monocular patching of 0.5–5 h briefly enhances the patched eye’s contribution in binocular vision (i.e., short-term ocular dominance plasticity). In this study, we investigate whether action video gaming can influence this plasticity in adults with normal vision. We measured participants’ eye dominance using a binocular phase combination task before and after 2.5 h of monocular patching. Participants were asked to play action video games, watch action video game movies, or play non-action video games during the period of monocular patching. We found that participants’ change of ocular dominance after monocular patching was not significantly different either for playing action video games versus watching action video game movies (Comparison 1) or for playing action video games versus playing non-action video games (Comparison 2). These results suggest that action video gaming does not either boost or eliminate short-term ocular dominance plasticity, and that the neural site for this type of plasticity might be in the early visual pathway.
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15
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Chen Y, Min SH, Cheng Z, Chen S, Wang Z, Tao C, Lu F, Qu J, Huang PC, Hess RF, Zhou J. Short-Term Deprivation Does Not Influence Monocular or Dichoptic Temporal Synchrony at Low Temporal Frequency. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:402. [PMID: 32410957 PMCID: PMC7198853 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on binocular combination and rivalry show that short-term deprivation strengthens the contribution of the deprived eye in binocular vision. However, whether short-term monocular deprivation affects temporal processing per se is not clear. To address this issue, we conducted a study to investigate the effect of monocular deprivation on dichoptic temporal synchrony. We tested ten adults with normal vision and patched their dominant eye with an opaque patch for 2.5 h. A temporal synchrony paradigm was used to measure if temporal synchrony thresholds change as a result of monocular pattern deprivation. In this paradigm, we displayed two pairs of Gaussian blobs flickering at 1 Hz with either the same or different phased- temporal modulation. In Experiment 1, we obtained the thresholds for detecting temporal asynchrony under dichoptic viewing configurations. We compared the thresholds for temporal synchrony between before and after monocular deprivation and found no significant changes of the interocular synchrony. In Experiment 2, we measured the monocular thresholds for detecting temporal asynchrony. We also found no significant changes of the monocular synchrony of either the patched eye or the unpatched eye. Our findings suggest that short-term monocular deprivation induced-plasticity does not influence monocular or dichoptic temporal synchrony at low temporal frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Seung Hyun Min
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill Vision Research, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ziyun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shijia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chunwen Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jia Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Pi-Chun Huang
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Robert F Hess
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill Vision Research, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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17
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Bao M, Engel SA. Augmented Reality as a Tool for Studying Visual Plasticity: 2009 to 2018. CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0963721419862290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Augmented reality (AR) has developed rapidly since its conception less than 30 years ago and is now a hot topic for both consumers and scientists. Although much attention has been paid to its application in industry, medicine, education, and entertainment, the use of AR in psychological research has been less noted. In this article, we survey recent progress in basic research that uses AR to explore the plasticity of the adult visual system. We focus on a particular application of AR called altered reality, which has been used to shed new light on mechanisms of long-term contrast adaptation and ocular-dominance plasticity. The results suggest that AR could also be a useful tool for the treatment of visual disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
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