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Kalbfuss N, Gönczy P. Towards understanding centriole elimination. Open Biol 2023; 13:230222. [PMID: 37963546 PMCID: PMC10645514 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are microtubule-based structures crucial for forming flagella, cilia and centrosomes. Through these roles, centrioles are critical notably for proper cell motility, signalling and division. Recent years have advanced significantly our understanding of the mechanisms governing centriole assembly and architecture. Although centrioles are typically very stable organelles, persisting over many cell cycles, they can also be eliminated in some cases. Here, we review instances of centriole elimination in a range of species and cell types. Moreover, we discuss potential mechanisms that enable the switch from a stable organelle to a vanishing one. Further work is expected to provide novel insights into centriole elimination mechanisms in health and disease, thereby also enabling scientists to readily manipulate organelle fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Kalbfuss
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Gönczy
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Huni KC, Cheung J, Sullivan M, Robison WT, Howard KM, Kingsley K. Chemotherapeutic Drug Resistance Associated with Differential miRNA Expression of miR-375 and miR-27 among Oral Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021244. [PMID: 36674758 PMCID: PMC9865318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have suggested that non-coding miRNAs (such as miR-21, miR-27, miR-145, miR-155, miR-365, miR-375 and miR-494) may be involved in multiple aspects of oral cancer chemotherapeutic responsiveness. This study evaluated whether these specific miRNAs are correlated with oral cancer responsiveness to chemotherapies, including Paclitaxel, Cisplatin and Fluorouracil (5FU). Commercially available and well-characterized oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (SCC4, SCC9, SCC15, SCC25 and CAL27) revealed differing resistance and chemosensitivity to these agents-with SCC9 and SCC25 demonstrating the most resistance to all chemotherapeutic agents. SCC9 and SCC25 were also the only cell lines that expressed miR-375, and were the only cell lines that did not express miR-27. In addition, the expression of miR-375 was associated with the upregulation of Rearranged L-myc fusion (RLF) and the downregulation of Centriolar protein B (POC1), whereas lack of miR-27 expression was associated with Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) expression. These data have revealed important regulatory pathways and mechanisms associated with oral cancer proliferation and resistance that must be explored in future studies of potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Caberto Huni
- Department of Advanced Education in Orthodontic Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W. Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Jacky Cheung
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W. Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Madeline Sullivan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W. Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - William Taylor Robison
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W. Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Katherine M. Howard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1001 Shadow Lane, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Karl Kingsley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1001 Shadow Lane, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-702-774-2623
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Dittrich T, Köhrer S, Schorb M, Haberbosch I, Börmel M, Goldschmidt H, Pajor G, Müller-Tidow C, Raab MS, Hegenbart U, Schönland SO, Schwab Y, Krämer A. A high-throughput electron tomography workflow reveals over-elongated centrioles in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100322. [PMID: 36452870 PMCID: PMC9701608 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Electron microscopy is the gold standard to characterize centrosomal ultrastructure. However, production of significant morphometrical data is highly limited by acquisition time. We therefore developed a generalizable, semi-automated high-throughput electron tomography strategy to study centrosome aberrations in sparse patient-derived cancer cells at nanoscale. As proof of principle, we present electron tomography data on 455 centrioles of CD138pos plasma cells from one patient with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma and CD138neg bone marrow mononuclear cells from three healthy donors as a control. Plasma cells from the myeloma patient displayed 122 over-elongated centrioles (48.8%). Particularly mother centrioles also harbored gross structural abnormalities, including fragmentation and disturbed microtubule cylinder formation, while control centrioles were phenotypically unremarkable. These data demonstrate the feasibility of our scalable high-throughput electron tomography strategy to study structural centrosome aberrations in primary tumor cells. Moreover, our electron tomography workflow and data provide a resource for the characterization of cell organelles beyond centrosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Dittrich
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Amyloidosis Center, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Köhrer
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schorb
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Isabella Haberbosch
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mandy Börmel
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabor Pajor
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc S. Raab
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Hegenbart
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Amyloidosis Center, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan O. Schönland
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Amyloidosis Center, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yannick Schwab
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alwin Krämer
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Koshimizu S, Minamino N, Nishiyama T, Yoro E, Sato M, Wakazaki M, Toyooka K, Ebine K, Sakakibara K, Ueda T, Yano K. Phylogenetic distribution and expression pattern analyses identified a divergent basal body assembly protein involved in land plant spermatogenesis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:1182-1196. [PMID: 35842793 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Land plant spermatozoids commonly possess characteristic structures such as the spline, which consists of a microtubule array, the multilayered structure (MLS) in which the uppermost layer is a continuum of the spline, and multiple flagella. However, the molecular mechanisms underpinning spermatogenesis remain to be elucidated. We successfully identified candidate genes involved in spermatogenesis, deeply divergent BLD10s, by computational analyses combining multiple methods and omics data. We then examined the functions of BLD10s in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha and the moss Physcomitrium patens. MpBLD10 and PpBLD10 are required for normal basal body (BB) and flagella formation. Mpbld10 mutants exhibited defects in remodeling of the cytoplasm and nucleus during spermatozoid formation, and thus MpBLD10 should be involved in chromatin reorganization and elimination of the cytoplasm during spermiogenesis. We identified orthologs of MpBLD10 and PpBLD10 in diverse Streptophyta and found that MpBLD10 and PpBLD10 are orthologous to BLD10/CEP135 family proteins, which function in BB assembly. However, BLD10s evolved especially quickly in land plants and MpBLD10 might have acquired additional functions in spermatozoid formation through rapid molecular evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naoki Minamino
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Nishiyama
- Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0934, Japan
| | - Emiko Yoro
- Department of Life Science, Rikkyo University, Tokyo, 171-8501, Japan
| | - Mayuko Sato
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mayumi Wakazaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kiminori Toyooka
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuo Ebine
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Keiko Sakakibara
- Department of Life Science, Rikkyo University, Tokyo, 171-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yano
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
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Zeeshan M, Brady D, Markus R, Vaughan S, Ferguson D, Holder AA, Tewari R. Plasmodium SAS4: basal body component of male cell which is dispensable for parasite transmission. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:e202101329. [PMID: 35550346 PMCID: PMC9098390 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The centriole/basal body (CBB) is an evolutionarily conserved organelle acting as a microtubule organising centre (MTOC) to nucleate cilia, flagella, and the centrosome. SAS4/CPAP is a conserved component associated with BB biogenesis in many model flagellated cells. Plasmodium, a divergent unicellular eukaryote and causative agent of malaria, displays an atypical, closed mitosis with an MTOC (or centriolar plaque), reminiscent of an acentriolar MTOC, embedded in the nuclear membrane. Mitosis during male gamete formation is accompanied by flagella formation. There are two MTOCs in male gametocytes: the acentriolar nuclear envelope MTOC for the mitotic spindle and an outer centriolar MTOC (the basal body) that organises flagella assembly in the cytoplasm. We show the coordinated location, association and assembly of SAS4 with the BB component, kinesin-8B, but no association with the kinetochore protein, NDC80, indicating that SAS4 is part of the BB and outer centriolar MTOC in the cytoplasm. Deletion of the SAS4 gene produced no phenotype, indicating that it is not essential for either male gamete formation or parasite transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zeeshan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Declan Brady
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Robert Markus
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sue Vaughan
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Science, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - David Ferguson
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Science, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Anthony A Holder
- Malaria Parasitology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Rita Tewari
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Takumi K, Kitagawa D. Experimental and Natural Induction of de novo Centriole Formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:861864. [PMID: 35445021 PMCID: PMC9014216 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.861864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In cycling cells, new centrioles are assembled in the vicinity of pre-existing centrioles. Although this canonical centriole duplication is a tightly regulated process in animal cells, centrioles can also form in the absence of pre-existing centrioles; this process is termed de novo centriole formation. De novo centriole formation is triggered by the removal of all pre-existing centrioles in the cell in various manners. Moreover, overexpression of polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4), a master regulatory kinase for centriole biogenesis, can induce de novo centriole formation in some cell types. Under these conditions, structurally and functionally normal centrioles can be formed de novo. While de novo centriole formation is normally suppressed in cells with intact centrioles, depletion of certain suppressor proteins leads to the ectopic formation of centriole-related protein aggregates in the cytoplasm. It has been shown that de novo centriole formation also occurs naturally in some species. For instance, during the multiciliogenesis of vertebrate epithelial cells, massive de novo centriole amplification occurs to form numerous motile cilia. In this review, we summarize the previous findings on de novo centriole formation, particularly under experimental conditions, and discuss its regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasuga Takumi
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiju Kitagawa
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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