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Liu L, Yahaya BS, Li J, Wu F. Enigmatic role of auxin response factors in plant growth and stress tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1398818. [PMID: 38903418 PMCID: PMC11188990 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1398818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Abiotic and biotic stresses globally constrain plant growth and impede the optimization of crop productivity. The phytohormone auxin is involved in nearly every aspect of plant development. Auxin acts as a chemical messenger that influences gene expression through a short nuclear pathway, mediated by a family of specific DNA-binding transcription factors known as Auxin Response Factors (ARFs). ARFs thus act as effectors of auxin response and translate chemical signals into the regulation of auxin responsive genes. Since the initial discovery of the first ARF in Arabidopsis, advancements in genetics, biochemistry, genomics, and structural biology have facilitated the development of models elucidating ARF action and their contributions to generating specific auxin responses. Yet, significant gaps persist in our understanding of ARF transcription factors despite these endeavors. Unraveling the functional roles of ARFs in regulating stress response, alongside elucidating their genetic and molecular mechanisms, is still in its nascent phase. Here, we review recent research outcomes on ARFs, detailing their involvement in regulating leaf, flower, and root organogenesis and development, as well as stress responses and their corresponding regulatory mechanisms: including gene expression patterns, functional characterization, transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post- translational regulation across diverse stress conditions. Furthermore, we delineate unresolved questions and forthcoming challenges in ARF research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan, China
| | - Baba Salifu Yahaya
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengkai Wu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
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Gabarain VB, Ibeas MA, Salinas-Grenet H, Estevez JM. Auxin signaling gets oxidative to promote root hair growth. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:696-698. [PMID: 38654520 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Berdion Gabarain
- Fundación Instituto Leloir & IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Miguel A Ibeas
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; ANID, Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago, Chile
| | - Hernán Salinas-Grenet
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; ANID, Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir & IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; ANID, Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago, Chile; ANID, Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile.
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Qian D, Li T, Zheng C, Niu Y, Niu Y, Li C, Wang M, Yang Y, An L, Xiang Y. Actin-depolymerizing factors 8 and 11 promote root hair elongation at high pH. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100787. [PMID: 38158655 PMCID: PMC10943588 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A root hair is a polarly elongated single-celled structure that derives from a root epidermal cell and functions in uptake of water and nutrients from the surrounding environment. Previous reports have demonstrated that short periods of high pH inhibit root hair extension; but the effects of long-term high-pH treatment on root hair growth are still unclear. Here, we report that the duration of root hair elongation is significantly prolonged with increasing external pH, which counteracts the effect of decreasing root hair elongation rate and ultimately produces longer root hairs, whereas loss of actin-depolymerizing factor 8 and 11 (ADF8/11) function causes shortening of root hair length at high pH (pH 7.4). Accumulation of ADF8/11 at the tips of root hairs is inhibited by high pH, and increasing environmental pH affects the actin filament (F-actin) meshwork at the root hair tip. At high pH, the tip-focused F-actin meshwork is absent in root hairs of the adf8/11 mutant, actin filaments are disordered at the adf8/11 root hair tips, and actin turnover is attenuated. Secretory and recycling vesicles do not aggregate in the apical region of adf8/11 root hairs at high pH. Together, our results suggest that, under long-term exposure to high extracellular pH, ADF8/11 may establish and maintain the tip-focused F-actin meshwork to regulate polar trafficking of secretory/recycling vesicles at the root hair tips, thereby promoting root hair elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Qian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tian Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yue Niu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yingzhi Niu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chengying Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Muxuan Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lizhe An
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yun Xiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Jiang N, Zou T, Huang H, Li C, Xia Y, Yang L. Auxin synthesis promotes N metabolism and optimizes root structure enhancing N acquirement in maize (Zea mays L.). PLANTA 2024; 259:46. [PMID: 38285079 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Foliar NAA increases photosynthate supplied by enhancing photosynthesis, to strengthen root activity and provide a large sink for root carbohydrate accumulation, which is beneficial to acquire more nitrogen. The improvement of grain yield is an effective component in the food security. Auxin acts as a well-known plant hormone, plays an important role in maize growth and nutrient uptake. In this study, with maize variety Zhengdan 958 (ZD958) as material, the effects of auxin on nitrogen (N) uptake and assimilation of seedling maize were studied by hydroponic experiments. With water as the control, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA, 0.1 mmol/L) and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG, 0.1 mmol/L, an auxin synthesis inhibitor) were used for foliar spraying. The results showed that NAA significantly improved photosynthetic rate and plant biomass by 58.6% and 91.7%, respectively, while the effect of AVG was opposite to that of NAA. At the same time, key enzymes activities related N assimilation in NAA leaves were significantly increased, and the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) were increased by 32.3%, 22.9%, and 16.2% in new leaves. Furthermore, NAA treatment promoted underground growth. When compared with control, total root length, root surface area, root tip number, branch number and root activity were significantly increased by 37.8%, 22.2%, 35.1%, 28.8% and 21.2%. Root growth is beneficial to N capture in maize. Ultimately, the total N accumulation of NAA treatment was significantly increased by 74.5%, as compared to the control. In conclusion, NAA foliar spraying increased endogenous IAA content, and enhanced the activity of N assimilation-related enzymes and photosynthesis rate, in order to build a large sink for carbohydrate accumulation. In addition, NAA strengthened root activity and regulated root morphology and architecture, which facilitated further N uptake and plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Jiang
- College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zou
- Yiyang City Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yiyang, 413046, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Huang
- Changde Cigarette Factory, Changde, 415200, People's Republic of China
| | - Changwei Li
- College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixiang Xia
- College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Yang
- College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
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