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Huntingford J, Looney A, Johnson J, Miller L. The use of platelet rich plasma in the treatment of degenerative joint disease in cats: an exploratory case series. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1394055. [PMID: 38863451 PMCID: PMC11165359 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1394055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of intra-articular autologous Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) in managing Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD) in cats. Design Prospective pilot clinical trial. Methods Six domestic cats with clinically and radiographically diagnosed DJD received intra-articular injections of autologous PRP. Clinical assessments pre and post intra-articular injections were conducted using the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index (FMPI, owner assessed) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS, clinician assessed) at baseline, Day 14, Day 28, and Day 42-45. Results Significant improvements were noted in both FMPI and VAS scores at the end of the study period, indicating enhanced joint function and reduced pain. Conclusion and clinical relevance The study suggests the potential of PRP therapy as a safe and effective treatment for feline DJD, warranting further research with larger cohorts and longer follow-up to establish comprehensive treatment guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Looney
- Central Hospital for Veterinary Medicine, North Haven, CT, United States
| | - James Johnson
- Companion Animal Health, New Castle, DE, United States
| | - Lisa Miller
- Companion Animal Health, New Castle, DE, United States
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Jones RL, Frederick SW, Cross AR. The effect of two platelet-rich plasma aspiration techniques on plasma cellular concentrations using a double syringe gravitational centrifugation system. Vet Surg 2023. [PMID: 37482928 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.14003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify which aspiration technique increased plasma platelet concentration and which technique minimized plasma leukocyte and erythrocyte concentrations using a gravitational double-syringe platelet rich plasma (PRP) system. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. ANIMALS Thirty adult dogs. METHODS Whole blood was collected into two autologous conditioned plasma (ACP) syringes and an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA tube) (control samples). The ACP syringes were centrifuged for 5 min at 1500 rpm. The proximal 2 mL of plasma from one ACP syringe was deposited in an EDTA tube (preflash samples). Plasma from the second ACP syringe was withdrawn until the buffy coat was pierced, producing a "flash" of red blood cells, agitated and deposited into an EDTA tube (flash samples). Complete blood counts were performed. RESULTS Mean plasma platelet concentrations of the control, preflash, and flash samples were 2.4 × 105 /dL, 3.3 × 105 /dL and 4.1 × 105 /dL, respectively. The mean platelet concentration of the flash samples was 7.9 × 104 /dL higher than the preflash samples (p = .005). The mean platelet concentration was lower in the control samples than the preflash (p = .002) and flash (p < .0001) samples. The median plasma leukocyte concentration of the preflash samples (0/dL) was lower than in the flash samples (2.4 × 103 /dL) (p = .001). The median plasma hematocrit value of the preflash samples (0%) was lower than in the flash samples (1.0%) (p = .002). CONCLUSION The flash method is not necessary to produce a PRP sample. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Both methods produced PRP. However, clinicians should avoid aspirating the buffy coat when processing PRP for therapies where leukocytes and erythrocytes are contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Jones
- BluePearl Specialty and Emergency Pet Hospital, Sandy Springs, Georgia
| | | | - Alan R Cross
- BluePearl Specialty and Emergency Pet Hospital, Sandy Springs, Georgia
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Carr BJ. Regenerative Medicine and Rehabilitation Therapy in the Canine. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2023; 53:801-827. [PMID: 36997410 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is used in the canine to optimize tissue healing and treat osteoarthritis and soft tissue injuries. Rehabilitation therapy is also often implemented in the treatment and management of musculoskeletal conditions in the canine. Initial experimental studies have shown that regenerative medicine and rehabilitation therapy may work safely and synergistically to enhance tissue healing. Although additional study is required to define optional rehabilitation therapy protocols after regenerative medicine therapy in the canine, certain fundamental principles of rehabilitation therapy still apply to patients treated with regenerative medicine.
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Franini A, Entani MG, Colosio E, Melotti L, Patruno M. Case report: Flexor carpi ulnaris tendinopathy in a lure-coursing dog treated with three platelet-rich plasma and platelet lysate injections. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1003993. [PMID: 36742986 PMCID: PMC9893791 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1003993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present case report a 7-year-old male Whippet competing in lure-coursing presented with third-degree recurrent lameness of the right forelimb, pain on palpation of the caudal aspect of the carpus and swelling of the forearm proximally to the accessory carpal bone. Clinical, radiographic, and ultrasonographic evaluation diagnosed a flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) chronic tendinopathy unresponsive to previously attempted conservative treatments such as oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) administration along with padded palmar splint application and rest. The dog was subjected to one injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) obtained using a double centrifugation tube method, followed by two platelet lysate (PL) injections. Treatment was administered at three-week intervals. The healing process was assessed through clinical and ultrasonographic imaging (US) on the day of the first injection (T0), and at week three (T1), six (T2), twelve (T3), fifty-two (T4), and one-hundred-and-four (T5). Fiber alignment score (FAS) and echogenicity score (ES) were developed by modifying a previously published US assessment scale. At T1, ES, and FAS improvement was detected, and at T2, further improvements in ES and FAS were observed. Ultrasonographic results were clinically consistent with the improvement in lameness: lameness grade 3/4 was detected at T0 and grade 2/4 at T1. A lameness grade of 1/4 was detected at T2, and grade 0/4 was observed at T3, T4, and T5. Moreover, at T5, the dog returned to competition, and no history of re-injury was reported. Our results suggest that the treatment of FCU tendinopathy in lure-coursing dogs with a combination of consecutive injections of autologous PRP and PL could be feasible. Additionally, no adverse reactions were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Franini
- Sporty Dog Veterinary Clinic, Brescia, Italy,*Correspondence: Alessio Franini ✉
| | | | | | - Luca Melotti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Patruno
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy,Marco Patruno ✉
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Torres-Torrillas M, Damia E, del Romero A, Pelaez P, Miguel-Pastor L, Chicharro D, Carrillo JM, Rubio M, Sopena JJ. Intra-osseous plasma rich in growth factors enhances cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration in rabbits with acute full thickness chondral defects: Histological assessment. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1131666. [PMID: 37065219 PMCID: PMC10095833 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1131666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intra-articular (IA) combined with intra-osseous (IO) infiltration of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) have been proposed as an alternative approach to treat patients with severe osteoarthritis (OA) and subchondral bone damage. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of IO injections of PRGF to treat acute full depth chondral lesion in a rabbit model by using two histological validated scales (OARSI and ICRS II). Methodology A total of 40 rabbits were included in the study. A full depth chondral defect was created in the medial femoral condyle and then animals were divided into 2 groups depending on the IO treatment injected on surgery day: control group (IA injection of PRGF and IO injection of saline) and treatment group (IA combined with IO injection of PRGF). Animals were euthanized 56 and 84 days after surgery and the condyles were processed for posterior histological evaluation. Results Better scores were obtained in treatment group in both scoring systems at 56- and 84-days follow-up than in control group. Additionally, longer-term histological benefits have been obtained in the treatment group. Conclusions The results suggests that IO infiltration of PRGF enhances cartilage and subchondral bone healing more than the IA-only PRGF infiltration and provides longer-lasting beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Torres-Torrillas
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Damia
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ayla del Romero
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pau Pelaez
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Miguel-Pastor
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Deborah Chicharro
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - José M. Carrillo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mónica Rubio
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Mónica Rubio
| | - Joaquín J. Sopena
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
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Umbilical Cord PRP vs. Autologous PRP for the Treatment of Hip Osteoarthritis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154505. [PMID: 35956121 PMCID: PMC9369463 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Umbilical cord platelet-rich plasma (C-PRP) has more growth factors and anti-inflammatory molecules compared with autologous PRP (A-PRP) derived from peripheral blood. The aim of this study was to compare intra-articular C-PRP or A-PRP injections in terms of safety and clinical efficacy for the treatment of patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA). This study investigated the results of 100 patients with hip OA treated with three weekly ultrasound-guided injections of either C-PRP or A-PRP. Clinical evaluations were performed before the treatment and after two, six, and twelve months with the HHS, WOMAC, and VAS scores. No major adverse events were recorded. Overall, the improvement was limited with both treatments. Significant improvements in VAS (p = 0.031) and HHS (p = 0.011) were documented at two months for C-PRP. Patients with a low OA grade (Tonnis 1-2) showed a significantly higher HHS improvement with C-PRP than A-PRP at twelve months (p = 0.049). C-PRP injections are safe but offered only a short-term clinical improvement. The comparative analysis did not demonstrate benefits compared with A-PRP in the overall population, but the results are influenced by OA severity, with C-PRP showing more benefits when advanced OA cases were excluded. Further studies are needed to confirm the most suitable indications and potential of this biological injective approach.
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