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Chhabra G, Singh CK, Guzmán-Pérez G, Ndiaye MA, Iczkowski KA, Ahmad N. Anti-melanoma effects of concomitant inhibition of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in Braf V600E/Pten NULL mice. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1145-1157.e7. [PMID: 34597611 PMCID: PMC9199498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.08.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Novel therapeutic strategies are required for the effective and lasting treatment of metastatic melanoma, one of the deadliest skin malignancies. In this study, we determined the anti-melanoma efficacy of 4'-bromo-resveratrol (4'-BR), which is a small molecule dual inhibitor of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in a BrafV600E/PtenNULL mouse model that recapitulates human disease, including metastases. Tumors were induced by topical application of 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen on shaved backs of 10-week-old mice, and the effects of 4'-BR (5-30 mg/kg b.wt.; intraperitoneally; 3d/week for 5 weeks) were assessed on melanoma development and progression. We found that 4'-BR at a dose of 30 mg/kg significantly reduced size and volume of primary melanoma tumors, as well as lung metastasis, with no adverse effects. Further, mechanistic studies on tumors showed significant modulation in markers of proliferation, survival and melanoma progression. As SIRT1 and SIRT3 are linked to immunomodulation, we performed differential gene expression analysis via NanoString PanCancer Immune Profiling panel (770 genes). Our data demonstrated that 4'-BR significantly downregulated genes related to metastasis-promotion, chemokine/cytokine-regulation, and innate/adaptive immune functions. Overall, inhibition of SIRT1 and SIRT3 by 4'-BR is a promising anti-melanoma therapy with anti-metastatic and immunomodulatory activities warranting further detailed studies, including clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagan Chhabra
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Chandra K Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Mary A Ndiaye
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kenneth A Iczkowski
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; William S. Middleton VA Medical Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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Lewis KE, Selby MJ, Masters G, Valle J, Dito G, Curtis WR, Garcia R, Mink KA, Waggie KS, Holdren MS, Grosso JF, Korman AJ, Jure-Kunkel M, Dillon SR. Interleukin-21 combined with PD-1 or CTLA-4 blockade enhances antitumor immunity in mouse tumor models. Oncoimmunology 2017; 7:e1377873. [PMID: 29296539 PMCID: PMC5739581 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1377873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in cancer treatment with checkpoint blockade of receptors such as CTLA-4 and PD-1 have demonstrated that combinations of agents with complementary immunomodulatory effects have the potential to enhance antitumor activity as compared to single agents. We investigated the efficacy of immune-modulatory interleukin-21 (IL-21) combined with checkpoint blockade in several syngeneic mouse tumor models. After tumor establishment, mice were administered recombinant mouse IL-21 (mIL-21) alone or in combination with blocking monoclonal antibodies against mouse PD-1 or CTLA-4. In contrast to monotherapy, IL-21 enhanced antitumor activity of mCTLA-4 mAb in four models and anti-PD-1 mAb in two models, with evidence of synergy for one or both of the combination treatments in the EMT-6 and MC38 models. The enhanced efficacy was associated with increased intratumoral CD8+ T cell infiltrates, CD8+ T cell proliferation, and increased effector memory T cells, along with decreased frequency of central memory CD8+ T cells. In vivo depletion of CD8+ T cells abolished the antitumor activities observed for both combination and monotherapy treatments, further supporting a beneficial role for CD8+ T cells. In all studies, the combination therapies were well tolerated. These results support the hypothesis that the combination of recombinant human IL-21 with CTLA-4 or PD-1 monoclonal antibodies could lead to improved outcomes in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark J Selby
- Oncology Discovery Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Redwood City, CA
| | - Gregg Masters
- Oncology Translational Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ
| | - Jose Valle
- Oncology Discovery Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Redwood City, CA
| | - Gennaro Dito
- Oncology Translational Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ
| | - Wendy R Curtis
- Oncology Discovery Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Seattle, WA
| | - Richard Garcia
- Oncology Discovery Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Seattle, WA
| | - Kathy A Mink
- Oncology Discovery Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Joseph F Grosso
- Early Clinical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ
| | - Alan J Korman
- Oncology Discovery Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Redwood City, CA
| | - Maria Jure-Kunkel
- Oncology Translational Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ
| | - Stacey R Dillon
- Oncology Discovery Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Seattle, WA
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Pulliam SR, Uzhachenko RV, Adunyah SE, Shanker A. Common gamma chain cytokines in combinatorial immune strategies against cancer. Immunol Lett 2015; 169:61-72. [PMID: 26597610 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Common γ chain (γC) cytokines, namely IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21 are important for the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of lymphocytes that display antitumor activity, thus stimulating considerable interest for the use of cytokines in cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we will focus on the γC cytokines that demonstrate the greatest potential for immunotherapy, IL-2, IL-7, IL-15, and IL-21. We will briefly cover their biological function, potential applications in cancer therapy, and update on their use in combinatorial immune strategies for eradicating tumors and hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie R Pulliam
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Roman V Uzhachenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Samuel E Adunyah
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA.
| | - Anil Shanker
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; Host-Tumor Interactions Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Ghiringhelli F, Apetoh L. The interplay between the immune system and chemotherapy: emerging methods for optimizing therapy. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2013; 10:19-30. [DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2014.865520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Turksma AW, Bontkes HJ, Ruizendaal JJ, van den Heuvel H, Scholten KBJ, Santegoets SJAM, de Gruijl TD, Meijer CJLM, Hooijberg E. Increased cytotoxic capacity of tumor antigen specific human T cells after in vitro stimulation with IL21 producing dendritic cells. Hum Immunol 2013; 74:506-13. [PMID: 23376456 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Monocyte derived dendritic cells (moDC) electroporated with tumor associated antigen derived mRNA can elicit specific T cells against tumor cells in vivo. IL21 has been shown to enhance activation and cytotoxicity in CD8+ T cells. We therefore investigated in vitro effects on human CD8+ T-cells after stimulation with IL21 mRNA electroporated moDC. Codon modification of the IL21 gene significantly enhanced IL21 production upon electroporation of moDC. Tumor associated antigen specific CTL induction efficiency was significantly enhanced when codon modified IL21 mRNA was co-electroporated with tumor associated antigen mRNA. Tumor associated antigen specific T cells induced by codon modified IL21-DC demonstrated increased cytotoxic capacity and killing compared to control cultures. In conclusion, ectopic expression of codon modified IL21 by moDC enhances the priming efficiency of the DC as well as the cytotoxic potential of the induced CTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Turksma
- VU University Medical Center - Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Souza A, Bonorino C, Muraro S, Rodrigues L. Interleukin-21 expanded NKDC in vitro reduces the B16F10 tumor growth in vivo. Cytokine 2013; 61:154-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer whose worldwide incidence is rising faster than any other cancer. Few treatment options are available to patients with metastatic disease, and standard chemotherapeutic agents are generally ineffective. Cytokines such as IFN-α or IL-2 can promote immune recognition of melanoma, occasionally inducing dramatic and durable clinical responses. Here, we discuss several immunomodulatory agents, the safety of which are being evaluated in clinical trials. Challenges include an incomplete understanding of signaling pathways, appropriate clinical dose and route, and systemic immunosuppression in advanced melanoma patients. We consider how targeted cytokine therapy will integrate into the clinical arena, as well as the low likelihood of success of single cytokine therapies. Evidence supports a synergy between cytokine immunotherapy and other therapeutic approaches in melanoma, and strengthening this area of research will improve our understanding of how to use cytokine therapy better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Nicholas
- The Ohio State University, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Gregory B Lesinski
- The Ohio State University, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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8
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Oncol 2011; 23:227-34. [PMID: 21307677 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0b013e328344b687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Abstract
Cytokines that signal through the common-gamma chain are potent growth factors for T cells and natural killer cells. Interleukin (IL)-2, the gammac prototype, can mediate antitumor effects as a single agent or in the context of multimodality regimens but is limited by side effects and a propensity for expansion of regulatory T cells. IL-7, IL-15, and IL-21 each possess properties that can be exploited in the context of immunotherapy for cancer. Each has been demonstrated to mediate potent vaccine adjuvant effects in tumor models, and each can enhance the effectiveness of adoptive immunotherapies. Although the overlap among the agents is significant, IL-7 is uniquely immunorestorative and preferentially augments reactivity of naive populations, IL-15 potently augments reactivity of CD8 memory cells and natural killer cells, and IL-21 preferentially expands the inflammatory Th17 subset and may limit terminal differentiation of effector CD8 cells. Clinical trials of IL-7 and IL-21 have already been completed and, so far, demonstrate safety and biologic activity of these agents. Clinical trials of IL-15 are expected soon. Ultimately, these agents are expected to be most effective in the context of multimodal immunotherapy regimens, and careful clinical trial design will be needed to efficiently identify the proper doses, regimens, and settings in which to exploit their biologic properties for therapeutic gain.
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2010; 4:293-304. [DOI: 10.1097/spc.0b013e328340e983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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